RIPE Database Tips and Tricks Marco Hogewoning Alex le Heux Moscow, 28 November 2011

Overview •

What is the RIPE Database?

•

Person and Role Objects

•

Maintainers, Protection and Authentication

•

Updating the RIPE DB

•

Querying the RIPE DB

•

New Developments

•

Practical Scenarios

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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The RIPE Database

RIPE Database •

Public Internet resource and routing registry database

•

Registering resources – inetnum,inet6num,

•

Contact info – person,

•

aut-num

role

Protection and authentication – mntner

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Person Object

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Using a Role Object person: nic-hdl: address: phone: email: mnt-by:

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

James Smith JS123-RIPE Dam Square 1 +31 535 7111 [email protected] LIR-MNT

inet6num: tech-c:

role: Bluelight Staff nic-hdl: BLS77-RIPE admin-c: JD1-RIPE tech-c: JS123-RIPE tech-c: SB456-RIPE email: [email protected]

80.35.61.0 BLS77-RIPE

inet6num:

80.35.62.0

tech-c:

BLS77-RIPE

inet6num:

80.35.63.0

tech-c:

BLS77-RIPE

inet6num:

80.35.64.0

tech-c:

BLS77-RIPE

inet6num:

80.35.65.0

tech-c:

BLS77-RIPE

inet6num:

80.35.66.0

tech-c:

BLS77-RIPE

Sue Baker SB456-RIPE 7 Piccadilly +44 207 10101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Questions?

Maintainers, Protection and Authentication

The Maintainer Object •

Acts as a lock for your objects

•

It is not related to a real person

•

A single maintainer can protect multiple objects – Different – Related

types to different people or even companies

•

An object can have multiple maintainers

•

At least one maintainer is mandatory for all objects in the RIPE Database

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Maintainer Object Template mntner:! descr: ! org: ! admin-c:! tech-c: ! upd-to:! mnt-nfy:! auth:! remarks: ! notify:! abuse-mailbox: mnt-by:! referral-by:! changed: ! source: !

[mandatory]! [mandatory]! [optional]! [mandatory]! [optional]! [mandatory]! [optional]! [mandatory]! [optional]! [optional]! ![optional]! [mandatory]! [mandatory]! [mandatory]! [mandatory]!

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

[single] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [multiple] [single] [multiple] [single] 10

Maintainer Object

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DB Startup Tool •

Creation of first person object - mntner object pair DB Startup Tool person:

John Smith

nic-hdl: JS1-RIPE

mnt-by:

LIR-MNT

mntner: LIR-MNT auth: MD5-PW $1$o93UxR admin-c: JS1-RIPE

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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DB Startup Tool Interface

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DB Startup Tool: Results

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1. Create a Maintainer Via Webupdates •

If you already have a person or role object: 1. Choose password 2. Encrypt it using the web tool at https://apps.db.ripe.net/crypt/ 3. Select to create a maintainer object 4. Include encrypted password in the auth attribute auth: MD5-PW $1$o93UxR 5. Fill out the rest of the fields and click create 6. Remember to supply the password!

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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2. Protect an Object •

Add this line to the object – mnt-by:

EXM-MNT

mntner: LIR-MNT auth:

MD5-PW $1$o93UxR

person:

nic-hdl: JS1-RIPE mnt-by:

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

John Smith

LIR-MNT

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3. When to Use Your Password •

When creating, supply the password of the new maintainer

•

When updating/deleting, supply the password of the current maintainer

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PGP Authentication •

More secure than MD5 password

•

Private/public key pair

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Using a Single Maintainer inetnum: 85.118.184.0/24

status: ASSIGNED PA mnt-by: LIR-MNT

mntner: LIR-MNT auth: MD5-PW $1$o93Ux person: John Smith

nic-hdl: JS1-RIPE mnt-by: LIR-MNT

aut-num: AS2

mnt-by: LIR-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Using Multiple Passwords inetnum: 85.118.184.0/24

status: ASSIGNED PA mnt-by: LIR-MNT

mntner: LIR-MNT auth: MD5-PW $1$o93Ux auth: MD5-PW $6$ghcow

person: John Smith

nic-hdl: JS1-RIPE mnt-by: LIR-MNT

aut-num: AS2

mnt-by: LIR-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Using Multiple PGP keys inetnum: 85.118.184.0/24

status: ASSIGNED PA mnt-by: LIR-MNT

mntner: LIR-MNT auth: PGPKEY-2A57C990 auth: PGPKEY-964F26E4

person: John Smith

nic-hdl: JS1-RIPE mnt-by: LIR-MNT

aut-num: AS2

mnt-by: LIR-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Multiple Maintainers mntner: ONE-MNT auth:

MD5-PW $1$3SG9WPD

auth:

PGPKEY-AE6FBBF7 person: John Smith nic-hdl: JS1-RIPE

mntner: TWO-MNT auth:

mnt-by: mnt-by:

ONE-MNT TWO-MNT

MD5-PW $1$o93UxR

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Questions?

Updating the RIPE DB

Webupdates Interface

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Webupdates: Individual Fields

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Webupdates: Single Text Area

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Questions?

Querying the RIPE DB

Querying the RIPE DB •

Command-line client

•

Web interface

•

Full text search

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Query Web Interface

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Query With -B Flag

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Query Result

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Object Templates •

To get the empty template for any object type, query with the ‘t’ flag

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Person Object Template

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Lookup Keys

person: address: address: phone: fax: email: org: nic-hdl: mnt-by: source:

James Example Singel 258 1016 AB Amsterdam +31 20 535 4444 +31 20 535 4445 [email protected] ORG-Bb2-RIPE JE1787-RIPE LIR-MNT RIPE

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

LOOKUP KEYS

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Full Text Search

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Questions?

Querying With Flags

More Specific Inetnums: -m

85.118.184.0/21

-m 85.118.84.0/21

/24

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

/26

/25

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More Specific Inetnums: -M

85.118.184.0/21

-M 85.118.84.0/21

/24

/26

/25

/26 RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Less Specific Inetnums: -l

85.118.184.0/21

-l 85.118.185.0/24 85.118.185.0/24

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Less Specific Inetnums: -L 0/0

85/8

85.118.184.0/21

-L 85.118.185.0/24 85.118.185.0/24

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Other Flags •

-r – don’t

•

show referenced person and role objects

-T – only

show objects of this type

– example

•

-T inetnum

-G – group

same type objects together

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Questions?

Inverse Lookup

Inverse Lookup •

Finding all objects that that list/point to your object

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Inverse Lookup

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Inverse Lookup: admin-c inet6num:

2001:db8::/32

descr: mnt-by: mnt-lower: mnt-routes: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My IPv6 Range RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT LIR-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE JE777-RIPE JD1-RIPE

aut-num:

64551

descr: mnt-by: mnt-by: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My AS Number RIPE-NCC-END-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE LA789-RIPE JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE

mntner: admin-c: admin-c:

tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: auth:

role: nic-hdl: admin-c: address: phone: e-mail:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE JD1-RIPE

LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] MD5-PW $tst^89H$

Bluelight Staff BLS77-RIPE JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected]

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

-i admin-c JD1-RIPE person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

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Inverse Lookup: person inet6num:

2001:db8::/32

descr: mnt-by: mnt-lower: mnt-routes: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My IPv6 Range RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT LIR-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE JE777-RIPE JD1-RIPE

aut-num:

64551

descr: mnt-by: mnt-by: org: admin-c: tech-c: tech-c:

My AS Number RIPE-NCC-END-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE LA789-RIPE JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE

mntner: admin-c: admin-c:

tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: auth:

role: nic-hdl: admin-c: address: phone: e-mail:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE JD1-RIPE

LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] MD5-PW $tst^89H$

Bluelight Staff BLS77-RIPE JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected]

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

-i person JD1-RIPE

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

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Inverse Lookup: mnt-by inet6num:

2001:db8::/32

descr: mnt-by: mnt-lower: mnt-routes: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My IPv6 Range RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT LIR-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE JE777-RIPE JD1-RIPE

aut-num:

64551

descr: mnt-by: mnt-by: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My AS Number RIPE-NCC-END-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

role: nic-hdl: admin-c: address: phone: mnt-by:

Bluelight Staff BLS77-RIPE JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 JD1-RIPE LIR-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

-i mnt-by LIR-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: auth:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] MD5-PW $tst^89H$

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Inverse Lookup: mnt-ref inet6num:

2001:db8::/32

descr: mnt-by: mnt-lower: mnt-routes: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My IPv6 Range RIPE-NCC-HM-MNT LIR-MNT SECOND-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE

aut-num:

64551

descr: mnt-by: mnt-by: org: admin-c: tech-c:

My AS Number RIPE-NCC-END-MNT LIR-MNT ORG-BB2-RIPE JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

role: nic-hdl: admin-c: address: phone: mnt-by:

Bluelight Staff BLS77-RIPE JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 JD1-RIPE LIR-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

-i mnt-ref LIR-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: auth:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] MD5-PW $tst^89H$

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Questions?

New Developments

RESTful API •

Newly developed

•

Query service released September 2011

•

Update service currently in beta – Planned

•

to be released later this year

Uses XML or JSON – Plain

html currently available for testing, this will be removed later on!

•

Details on http://labs.ripe.net

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Geolocation (beta) •

Geolocation services are provided by third parties, the RIPE NCC has no control over it

•

Wrong geolocation data can cause problems: – Websites – Location

default to the wrong language based content is blocked

•

Transfers will only make this worse

•

Optionally adding this information to the RIPE Database: – Approximate – Preferred

location

language

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Questions?

Practical Scenario 1 Changing the Password Of a Maintainer

Maintainer mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: auth: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE MD5-PW $tst^89H$ LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

This maintainer is protecting itself

59

Maintainer Protecting other Objects mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: auth: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

JE1787-RIPE LA789-RIPE MD5-PW $tst^89H$ LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

This maintainer is protecting itself... ...and the role object role: address: address: phone: email: nic-hdl: admin-c: mnt-by: source:

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

EXCC Tech Staff Singel 258 1016 AB Amsterdam +31 20 535 4444 [email protected] LA789-RIPE JD1-RIPE LIR-MNT RIPE

60

The Maintainer With its Old Password mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: auth: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

JE1787-RIPE LA789-RIPE MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $tst^89H$ LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

Password: Hashed password:

secret35

$tst^89H$

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You Want to Change this Password mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: auth: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

JE1787-RIPE LA789-RIPE MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $tst^89H$ LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

•

Password: Hashed password:

secret35

$tst^89H$

Now let’s say you want to change the password - from ‘secret35’ - to ‘tiger72’

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Hash the New Password

tiger72 $1$cArJD0

https://apps.db.ripe.net/crypt/ RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Add a New, Second auth Line mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: auth:

JE1787-RIPE LA789-RIPE MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $tst^89H$

auth:

$1$cArJD0 MD5-PW $tst^89H$

mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

Secret35

authenticate with the old password

64

Remove Old auth Line mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE

auth:

MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$cArJD0

mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

tiger72

authenticate with the new password

Voilà, you have changed the password of the mntner!

•

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The Maintainer with its New Password mntner:

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: auth: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy: abuse-mailbox: source:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$cArJD0 LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RIPE

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

Password: Hashed password:

tiger72

$1$cArJD0

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Forgot Your Maintainers’ Password? •

Request us to reset it! – https://apps.db.ripe.net/change-auth/

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Practical Scenario 2 Replacing the Maintainer Protecting Your Object

Finding All Objects Protected by the Maintainer •

You want to find all objects that are protected by the mntner

•

-i mnt-by LIR-MNT

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Replacing the Maintainer: the Original Situation

mntner:

role:

EXCC Tech Staff

address: address: phone: email: nic-hdl: admin-c: mnt-by: source:

Singel 258 1016 AB Amsterdam +31 20 535 4444 [email protected] LA789-RIPE JD1-RIPE LIR-MNT RIPE

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected]

auth:

MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$cArJD0

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

Password: Hashed password:

tiger72

$1$cArJD0

70

Replacing the Maintainer: Add 2nd Maintainer

mntner:

role:

EXCC Tech Staff

address: address: phone: email: nic-hdl: admin-c: mnt-by: mnt-by: source:

Singel 258 1016 AB Amsterdam +31 20 535 4444 [email protected] LA789-RIPE JD1-RIPE LIR-MNT ABC-MNT RIPE

tiger72

LIR-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected]

auth:

MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$cArJD0

mntner:

ABC-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected]

auth:

MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$koW45a $1$cArJD0

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

Password:

Hashed password:

mouse881

$1$cArJD0 $1$koW45a

71

Remove the Original Maintainer role:

EXCC Tech Staff

address: address: phone: email: nic-hdl: admin-c: mnt-by: source:

Singel 258 1016 AB Amsterdam +31 20 535 4444 [email protected] LA789-RIPE JD1-RIPE ABC-MNT RIPE

mntner:

ABC-MNT

admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: notify: mnt-nfy:

JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT [email protected] [email protected]

auth:

MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$koW45a

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

mouse881

72

Practical Scenario 3 Replacing the Contact Person

Using a Role Object: Original Situation person: nic-hdl: address: phone: email: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

inet6num: tech-c:

80.35.61.0 BLS77-RIPE

role: Bluelight Staff nic-hdl: BLS77-RIPE tech-c: JD1-RIPE mnt-by: CDE-MNT email: [email protected]

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Original Situation with Maintainers person: nic-hdl: address: phone: email: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $ $tst^89H

Password: secret35

inet6num: tech-c:

80.35.61.0 BLS77-RIPE

role: Bluelight Staff nic-hdl: BLS77-RIPE tech-c: JD1-RIPE mnt-by: CDE-MNT email: [email protected]

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

CDE-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE CDE-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $ $zDF^2oP

Password: kitty12 RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Add a Second Person to the Role Object person: nic-hdl: address: phone: email: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $ $tst^89H

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

James Smith JS123-RIPE Dam Square 1 +31 535 7111 [email protected] ABC-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

ABC-MNT JS123-RIPE LA789-RIPE ABC-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $1$cAr0J

Password:

inet6num: tech-c:

80.35.61.0 BLS77-RIPE

role: Bluelight Staff nic-hdl: BLS77-RIPE tech-c: JD1-RIPE mnt-by: CDE-MNT email: [email protected]

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

CDE-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE CDE-MNT MD5-PW $ $tst^89H$ zDF^2oP$

tiger72

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

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Adding the Second Person Object person: nic-hdl: address: phone: email: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

LIR-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE LIR-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $ $tst^89H

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

James Smith JS123-RIPE Dam Square 1 +31 535 7111 [email protected] ABC-MNT

mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

ABC-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE ABC-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $ $1$cAr0J

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

inet6num: tech-c:

80.35.61.0 BLS77-RIPE

kitty12

role: Bluelight Staff nic-hdl: BLS77-RIPE tech-c: JD1-RIPE tech-c: JS123-RIPE mnt-by: CDE-MNT email: [email protected] mntner: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: auth:

CDE-MNT JD1-RIPE LA789-RIPE CDE-MNT MD5-PW $tst^89H$ $ zDF^2oP$

77

New Situation: Two Contacts person: nic-hdl: address: phone: email: mnt-by:

person: nic-hdl: address: phone: e-mail: mnt-by:

John Doe JD1-RIPE sesamestreet 1 +1 555 0101 [email protected] LIR-MNT

James Smith JS123-RIPE Dam Square 1 +31 535 7111 [email protected] ABC-MNT

RIPE DB Tips and Tricks Tutorial, ENOG2

inet6num: tech-c:

80.35.61.0 BLS77-RIPE

role: Bluelight Staff nic-hdl: BLS77-RIPE tech-c: JD1-RIPE tech-c: JS123-RIPE mnt-by: CDE-MNT email: [email protected]

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Соңы Ende Konec

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