REPUBLIC OF KENYA & KENYA NUCLEAR ELECTRICITY BOARD
HON. OCHILO AYACKO, EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN & CEO , KNEB
Bio Data
Made up of 47 Tribes Population: 39.5 Million Real GDP Growth Rate (&)-2011/2012: 4.4 GDP Current Prices (USD Million): 35,557 Real GDP Per Capita
(USD): 900 Presidential & Bicameral State with a Devolved
System
Kenya’s Energy Sector
Ministry of Energy & Petroleum
Electricity Sub-Sector
Petroleum
Generation
Transmission & Generation
Regulation
GDC KENGEN & IPP’S KNEB ( Future)
KPLC KETRACO
ERC
Power Generation in Kenya
Installed capacity total 1,735 MW The effective interconnected capacity during normal hydrology is 1,664 MW Registered interconnected national peak demand as of May 2013 is 1,347MW. The total connected electricity customers currently are approximately 2.3 million. National electrification is approximately 30%. System Losses 17.3%
4
Annual Electricity Production In Gwh
Annual Production GWh 1%
Source
0% 0%
Annual Production GWh
% Share
Hydro Thermal
20%
45%
Hydro
3451
45%
Thermal
2546
33%
Geothermal
1498
20%
100
2%
Wind
15
0%
Isolated Grid
23
1%
7633
100%
Geothermal Cogeneration
34%
Wind Cogeneration
Isolated Grid
Total
5
Challenges In The Energy Sector 1. Generation Constraints: a. Over-reliance on Hydro-Power b. Over –Reliance on Fossil Fueled Plants c. Reliance on Independent Power Producers and High Energy Costs 2. Supply Constraints: a. Grid Size b. Quality of Transmission and Distribution Grid c. Cost to consumer is too high d. Inadequate supply vis a vis demand
KNEB as the Nuclear Energy Programme Implementing Organization (NEPIO)
Official Government announcement to go nuclear, December, 2010 Formed and funded by the government to study and make policy and
strategy recommendations to the government with respect to each of the 19 infrastructure issues Assume an oversight role to assure that the overall infrastructure
development is properly planned and executed
Kenya’s Legal Institution
2010 Constitution, part 1 of the Fourth Schedule provides that the National Government shall be responsible for energy policy formulation including electricity and gas reticulation and energy regulation. Sessional Paper No. 4 of 2004 The Energy Act, No. 12 of 2006, which is currently under review, includes ‘nuclear power’ within its definition of ‘energy’
Electric Grid 220 kV
The voltage rating of the transmission lines include 132kV, 220kV, 400kV and 500kV (HVDC).
132 kv 66 - 11kV
The existing Transmission network is composed of: 1,331km of 220kV 2,211km of 132kV •
Grid integration- transmission and distribution network covers about one third of the country and is concentrated along major urban and population centers with plans to upgrade the grid to enhance connectivity to the power users
Power Generation Plan For The Period 2013-2033 Source
2012-2018
Hydro (MW) 230
Thermal (MW)
180
Coal (MW) 300
Geothermal (MW) 140
2019
420
2020
440
2021
140
360
2022 180
2024
180
2025
180
2026
180
2027
180
2028
100
Nuclear (MW)
Imports (MW)
300
200
700
TOTAL
1,450 420
100
840 300
2023
Wind (MW)
100
200
740
200
1,540
300
1,400
800
200
1,000
300
960
200
1,640
300
1,100
200
1,780
1,100
100
300
300
1,500
100
300
200
2,580
180
300
1,500
100
300
200
2,580
2029
360
300
1,840
100
300
200
3,100
2030
180
600
2,020
200
300
3,300
540
300
2,550
300
900
4,680
2032
540
900
2,780
300
300
4,820
2033
540
2,640
300
900
4,380
20,910
1,800
3900
2031
TOTAL
90
230
3600
3600
1,680
1600
35,640
Technical Requirements for Kenya’s Nuclear Reactor technology
The nuclear power plant will need to accommodate local external events including seismicity, flooding, wetlands, ecology and population density, heat sink temperature, condenser cooling water source and extent of water resources The power plant should be characteristically safe and not need external safety systems; the safety of the power plant must be obvious to both the public and the regulators. The power plant should ensure minimal environmental impact and be capable of operating at high thermal efficiencies allowing for use of waste heat for other commercial applications if desired.
Technical requirements for Kenya's Nuclear Reactor Technology
The nuclear power plant should comply with regulations and standards which Kenya will establish The power plant should have low radiation dose levels and minimal radioactive contamination The power plant’s fuel cycle should provide the highest possible resistance to proliferation and not depend on reprocessing The power plant should be designed with eventual decommissioning in mind; the sizing and design of the power plant’s systems should facilitate rapid disassembly, ease of decontamination and ease of disposal
Choice of Nuclear Reactor for Kenya Small modular reactors (SMR’S) Kenya is interested in the SMR technology and will adopt SMR technology that will be proven. This is due to the fact that Kenya’s national grid is small therefore looking at 300-900MW Units of above 1000MW are too big for the current Kenyan grid, however power demand is expected to increase substantially. This will enhance consideration of above technologies for the future grid. Power interconnection between Kenya and other neighboring systems will increase the system’s capability to accommodate a larger unit
Questions?