R e p o r t o f L e c t u r e - To u r i n I n d i a
November 28, 2006
R e p o r t o f L e c t u r e - To u r i n I n d i a A k i t o Ta k a h a s h i *1 *2
*1, *2
P r o f e s s o r E m e r i t u s , O s a k a U n i v e r s i t y, O s a k a , J a p a n H i g h S c i e n t i f i c R e s e a r c h L a b o r a t o r y, T s u , M i e , J a p a n
Abstract: Report of lecture-tour in India in 4-26 November 2006 is given. Lectures on DDX nuclear data and CMNS/CF were made at NIAS, Mangalore U n i v e r s i t y, I G C A R a n d B A R C . O n e - d a y t r i p t o P u n e U n i v e r s i t y i s a d d e d . Features of the lecture tour including sight seeing are reported.
1. Invitation from India O n a d a y o f J u n e 2 0 0 6 , m y o l d I n d i a n f r i e n d D r. S . G a n e s a n s e n t m e a n e - m a i l i n f o r m i n g o n t h e N W N D 2 0 0 6 N u c l e a r D a t a Wo r k s h o p c e l e b r a t i n g t h e Golden Jubilee of BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) to be held on 8-15 N o v e m b e r 2 0 0 6 a t M a n g a l o r e U n i v e r s i t y, I n d i a . W i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g e - m a i l i n t h e s a m e d a y, h e w r o t e i n v i t a t i o n f o r m y t a l k o n f u s i o n n u c l e a r d a t a measurements
using
Osaka
14
MeV
Neutron
Source.
He
waived
the
registration fee of 500USD. D r. S . G a n e s a n a n d m y f a m i l y h a d l i v e d i n t h e s a m e a p a r t m e n t b u i l d i n g i n a village of Leopoldshafen near Kernforschungszentrum (KfK; Karlsruhe N u c l e a r R e s e a r c h C e n t e r ) i n We s t G e r m a n y a t t h a t t i m e o f 1 9 7 8 - 1 9 7 9 . H i s f a m i l y a n d m y f a m i l y g o t a c q u a i n t e d a n d e n j o y e d d i n n e r s o m e t i m e s t o g e t h e r. After leaving KfK (the present name is simply Karlsruhe Research Centre), he worked for 5 years at Nuclear Data Section of IAEA Headquarter in Vi e n n a . We t w o h a v e b e e n w o r k i n g i n t h e f i e l d o f f u s i o n a n d f i s s i o n - r e l a t e d nuclear
data.
We
have
had
chances
to
meet
at
some
international
conferences, IAEA-CRP workshops and local symposiums in 1980-2002.
He has asked me to come to India several times, but I have been hesitating to go since I have been taught from Japanese friends that India was an awful place. This time I was also hesitating to accept the invitation, but asked my wife if she might like to see India. My wife immediately responded yes to go. She was pre-activated since she was visiting an Indian wife living in the neighborhood once a week or so for English conversation. She got also pre-knowledge on India from Mrs. Kobayashi, the wife of Keisuke Kobayashi, P r o f e s s o r E m e r i t u s K y o t o U n i v e r s i t y, w h o v i s i t e d I n d i a i n t h e l a s t J a n u a r y. They said, India was ‘fantastic country’. So, I decided to go and sent a response of yes to Ganesan. And I thought that it might be good chance to have some lecture tour on the recent status on Cold Fusion (now named as Condensed Matter Nuclear Science; CMNS) in some leading laboratories in India. Immediately I sent a n e - m a i l t o m y C F f r i e n d D r. M a h a d e v a S r i n i v a s a n ( C h i n o , n i c k - n a m e d ) . Chino was an initiator of CF researches in BARC in 1989-1990s having about 50 researchers. But the Indian CF activity was completely killed after his retirement from BARC. Chino, as well as Ganesan, was so kind of arranging my lecture tour to NIAS (National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore),
Mangalore
U n i v e r s i t y,
IGCAR
near
Chennai
and
BARC
in
Mumbai. From June to November 2006, we three exchanged very frequently e-mails for preparation. G a n e s a n i s w o r k i n g o u t o f C F. H e i s e x p e r t o f N u c l e a r D a t a a n d F i s s i o n Reactor Physics, but, he says, is keeping open mind to CF and has kindly arranged my talks in IGCAR and BARC. In July 2006, my wife and I run to bookstores to buy tourist-books on India, and started to reserve air-tickets and hotels, with great helps by Chino and Ganesan. Of course, we planned to visit some historical places as UNESCO world heritages in India, which locate near to visiting cities. This was our f i r s t v i s i t t o I n d i a , t h e f a n t a s t i c a n d a w f u l c o u n t r y.
2. Bangalore We c h o s e T h a i A i r w a y s w h i c h f l e w d i r e c t l y t o B a n g a l o r e , a f t e r t r a n s i t i n Bangkok, by the advice of neighbor-living Indian friends. The Bangkok new International Airport (Swannapoom) looked as a surprisingly huge and modern complex designed to be very well-functioned by a German civil e n g i n e e r, w h i c h w a s i n v e r y c o n t r a s t w i t h o l d s t y l e a i r p o r t s w h i c h w e w o u l d soon see in Indian big cities. We a r r i v e d i n B a n g a l o r e A i r p o r t i n t h e m i d n i g h t o f 4
th
N o v e m b e r 2 0 0 6 . To
g e t o u t t h e e x i t o f A i r p o r t , t h e r e w a s i m m e d i a t e o p e n i n g o f t h e c h a o s . We h a r d l y f o u n d t h e p l a c a r d w r i t i n g A k i t o Ta k a h a s h i , m y n a m e , a n d N I A S h a n d e d b y a M u s l i m d r i v e r o f N I A S . To g e t i n t h e c a r, s e v e r a l p e o p l e k i n d l y put our baggage into the rear trunk and we thanked them to start, but s e v e r a l h a n d s r e q u i r e d t i p s . We d i d n o t h a v e s m a l l b i l l s a n d I h a n d e d one-hundred Rs bill to one, and we could start. Later I did know that income per day for a field worker of farmer was about 40-50 Rs (about 1 USD). We s t a y e d t h r e e n i g h t s i n t h e G u e s t H o u s e o f I I S c ( I n d i a n I n s t i t u t e o f Science). Inside the fully forested huge and beautiful campus of IISc, NIAS l o c a t e s . I I S c a n d N I A S w e r e f o u n d e d b y t h e f a m o u s T A T A f a m i l y, t h e o w n e r of the biggest enterprise in India. IISc is the top-ranked (and 28
th
ranked
in the world, they say) National University in India. NIAS has a very b e a u t i f u l m o d e r n a m e n i t y o f r e s e a r c h a n d s t a y. I t s e e m s t h a t N I A S w a s founded to imitate the famous Princeton Institute for Advanced Studies. T h e G u e s t H o u s e w a s s i m i l a r t o t h a t w e e x p e r i e n c e d i n Ts i n g h u a U n i v e r s i t y China in 1980s. A wide two-bed room with primitive bath room welcomed us to fall in sleep with tiredness of long-day trip from Japan. In the next morning of 5
th
N o v e m b e r, D r . M . S r i n i v a s a n a r r i v e d a t t h e
Guest House. He took a night train from Bombay (Mumbai). He immediately started very kind hospitality to us. He handed us a mobile of his wife for our
temporary use in India. This was indeed helpful for information exchange with our hosts during our whole tour in India.
My lecture on CMNS/CF was scheduled in the evening of 6
th
N o v e m b e r,
p u t t i n g i n t o t h e s e r i e s l e c t u r e s p r o g r a m o f N I A S Tr a i n i n g P r o g r a m m e s f o r national leading people in various fields of researches, October 29 to N o v e m b e r 11 . S o t h a t a u d i e n c e s o f m y l e c t u r e o n P r o g r e s s i n C o n d e n s e d Matter Nuclear Science (modified version of my keynote talk at ICCF12) were widely spread as Geomagnetism, Robotics, Agriculture, Radiation & I s o t o p e Te c h n o l o g y, A e r o s p a c e S c i e n c e , T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , S t a t e C o u n c i l o f S c i e n c e a n d Te c h n o l o g y, M i n i s t r y o f S c i e n c e a n d Te c h n o l o g y, M i n i s t r y o f Consumer Affairs, Raman Research Institute, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Institute of Science and others. I tried to choose easy explanations for non-nuclear experts. The chairman of m y s e s s i o n , N I A S P r o f e s s o r, a d m i r e d m y t a l k a l t h o u g h D r. S r i n i v a s a n c o u l d add clear words for explaining the status of CMNS researches. There were h o w e v e r,
non-formal
audiences
from
NIAS
and
IISc,
including
D r.
Muelenberg, visiting researcher from Boston USA, nuclear physicists and mathematician who asked me essentially technical questions. NIAS people
a n d D r. S r i n i v a s a n s a i d t h a t m y t a l k w a s w e l l r e c e i v e d t o r e c o g n i z e C M N S as emerging important field. NIAS gave me 5,000Rs honorarium which was
m o r e t h a n a m o n t h l y i n c o m e o f a n I n s t i t u t e d r i v e r. W e w e r e i n v i t e d t o t h e luxury Indian dinner at NIAS, a full curry course. On the 5
th
e v e n i n g , I a n d C h i n o m e t P r o f . K . P. S i n h a a n d D r. M u e l e n b e r g
a t G u e s t H o u s e . We d i s c u s s e d a b o u t t h e o r y o f C M N S . S i n h a a n d M u e l e n b e r g are developing a bosonized electron-state model, which is similar to my EQPET model but more elegant. Prof. Sinha did not attend my lecture at NIAS. Later when I was in Mumbai in 16
th
to 25
th
, D r. M . M e l i c h ( N a v a l
Graduate School, USA) visited Chino in Chennai to discuss how India could restart CMNS/CF studies, since IISc and NIAS might have possibility for i n i t i a t i n g a c t i v i t y. Bangalore has several millions of population (nobody knows exact number) now and is rapidly expanding as a leading IT industry town. The IT industry r e g i o n l o c a t e s i n s u b u r b s , i n t w o h o u r s d i s t a n c e b y c a r. I c o u l d n o t s e e i t due to traffic difficulty to access there. Before coming to India, I imagined a modernized down town as US towns but the reality was quite different. Bangalore
is
called
a
garden
c i t y.
Actually
we
saw
full
of
big
and
n i c e l y - b r a n c h e d s t r e e t t r e e s a n d p a r k s ; a r e a l l y g r e e n c i t y. H o w e v e r, 2 - 3 s t o r i e s - b u i l d i n g s a n d h o u s e s a l o n g s t r e e t s w e r e m o s t l y h u m b l e a n d d i r t y, and even more chaotic with heavily crowded wandering people, so many a u t o - t r i c y c l e s a n d c a r s s p a t t e r i n g u n c o n t r o l l e d e x h a u s t g a s e s . We w e n t f o r sight seeing with the Institute car on 5
th
N o v e m b e r. W e h a d t o s p e n d m o s t
hours in heavy traffic jams in streets and could visit only two places in a d a y. L a t e r w e s a w t h e s a m e s i t u a t i o n s o f h e a v i l y j a m m i n g t r a f f i c s i n Chennai and Mumbai. This city needs urgent construction of mass-transport systems
like
subways
(metros)
and
mono-rail
sky-trains.
I
felt
that
foreigners had difficulty to walk along streets because of no good walking spaces, due to fullness of wandering people and too busily coming cars and tricycles. Urgent construction of city infrastructures is really needed for reducing dusts and garbage disposed everywhere along streets, as well as they need to construct city-water in- and out-lines. Air-pollution and bad sanitary condition are of big problem. Indian government needs great investment to improve these serious situations. The situation in Mumbai is m u c h m o r e s e r i o u s , a s I w r i t e l a t e r.
3. Mangalore On 7
th
November we arrived at a small airport of Mangalore on flat top of
m o u n t a i n a r e a . A t e a m o f M a n g a l o r e U n i v e r s i t y, l e d b y P r o f . G . N a y a k o f M i c r o t r o n C e n t e r, k i n d l y r e c e i v e d u s a n d b r o u g h t t o T a j M a n j u r a n H o t e l i n t h e c o r n e r o f d o w n t o w n a r e a . Ta j M a n j u r a n w a s a n i c e 5 - s t a r h o t e l . We c o m f o r t a b l y s t a y e d t h e r e f o r 5 n i g h t s . We w e r e d a y - b y - d a y g e t t i n g u s e d t o the atmosphere of Indian chaotic towns and totally curry taste of all foods. Tr a f f i c h e r e w a s n o t s o h e a v y a s i n B a n g a l o r e . We c o u l d s e e a n i c e v i e w o f A r a b i a n S e a f r o m t h e h o t e l w i n d o w. The NWND-2006 workshop as the All-Indian nuclear data conference and also celebrating the golden jubilee of BARC was started on 8
th
November at
the auditorium of Mangalore University for ceremony session and then we
moved to Faculty of Science Building to have technical sessions. Mangalore U n i v e r s i t y, l o c a t i n g i n a b o u t 2 0 k m d i s t a n c e f r o m t h e c i t y c e n t e r, s i t e s o n the hill top and has a huge campus, but the wildest campus in nature which I have ever seen. My invited talk on ‘Experience of DDX Measurements at Osaka 14 MeV Neutron Source’ was the first presentation of the first session. I presented about the project of constructing an intense 14 MeV neutron source of Osaka U n i v e r s i t y, n a m e d O K T AV I A N , a n d u t i l i z i n g i t f o r m e a s u r i n g n u c l e a r d a t a needed for DT fusion reactor application. Due to the 30 min limited time, I focused
on
experiments
DDX for
(double neutron
differential and
charged
particle
emission
cross-sections)
particle
emission
based
on
TOF
(Time-Of-Flight) and pulse shape separation techniques. Nuclear physics analyses applying the combination of direct-inelastic process (DWBA and coupled
channel
theories),
pre-compound
process
(exciton
models)
and
Feshbach-type compound process for heavier nuclei than Al-27. For lighter nuclei from Li-6 to F-19, I said, we had to enjoy specific faces of particle spectra
changing
from
isotope
to
isotope,
which
required
individual
analyses of complex direct break-up processes of multi-particle emission. I also talked on the integral blanket neutronics experiments with spherical tritium breeding blanket system of Be-Li-C in three layers; This experiment, implemented as the inter-University work in Japan in 1986-1996, showed first time in the world that DT reactor could breed tritium, namely TBR ( Tr i t i u m B r e e d i n g R a t i o ) > 1 . 0 . M y t a l k w a s r e c e i v e d w i t h g r e a t a d m i r a t i o n by participants. Now Indian laboratories, BARC and Pune University for instance, wish to construct similar accelerators and conduct extended works for fusion and basic science applications. D r. A . L . N i c h o l a s , h e a d o f N u c l e a r D a t a S e c t i o n I A E A , a d d r e s s e d t h e world nuclear data needs, role of IAEA and other national ND centers (USA, E U , J a p a n , R u s s i a , C h i n a , a n d o t h e r s ) . D r. G . A u d i , F r a n c e , p r e s e n t e d o n t h e i r N D e v a l u a t i o n w o r k s f o r n u c l e a r m a s s e s . D r. G . K i m f r o m K o r e a
p r e s e n t e d w o r k s o n P h o h a n g L i n a c N e u t r o n F a c i l i t y. D r. K . L . P e d d i c o r d , Te x a s
A
&
M
U.,
presented
about
nuclear
engineering
education
and
r e s e a r c h . D r. K . C h e s s o n , a s t u d e n t o f Te x a s A & M U S A , p r e s e n t e d a n N D s e n s i t i v i t y s t u d y. T h e s e w e r e i n v i t e d f o r e i g n s p e a k e r s . Production of experimental ND from Indian laboratories is yet not very active, although some presentations were made from BARC (Pelletron), Pune University (14 MeV N. S.) and Mangalore University (Microtron 8 MeV
electron accelerator). Others were on works using research reactors, ND evaluation
studies
and
reactor
physics
related
works.
For
an
evening
attraction, they arranged a fusion music show in the Art and Dancing Hall of Campus. Dancing arts are respectful tradition in India. This fusion music as symbiosis of western classic music and domestic Indian music did beat my ears with very impressive harmony of tones and singing voice. O n t h e l a s t d a y 11 need
for
Indian
Chandrachoodan,
a
th
N o v e m b e r, t h e y a r r a n g e d a r o u n d t a b l e d i s c u s s i o n o n
Nuclear
Data
senior
official
C e n t e r. from
the
Moderator office
of
was the
D r. BRNS,
P.
P.
DAE.
R e q u e s t e d b y t h e m o d e r a t o r, I m a d e c o m m e n t s t h a t I n d i a a s t h e 2 1
st
Century’s coming big power in nuclear industry should hurry up to establish
its own NDC, since their competing BRICs countries as China has had already NDC in 1970s and have been accumulating own data bases and k n o w - h o w s . I t i s l a t e f o r I n d i a t o s t a r t u p n o w, b u t i s n o t t o o l a t e . I n d i a h a s m a n y w e l l e d u c a t e d p e o p l e , e s p e c i a l l y i n I T ( I n f o r m a t i o n Te c h n o l o g y ) , b u t i t s e r i o u s l y l a c k s f a c i l i t i e s o f h a r d w a r e s . E s p e c i a l l y, t o p r o v i d e f u n d s f r o m Government
to
Universities
and
National
Institutes
for
constructing
modern experimental tools as accelerator-based intense neutron sources is of key for promoting sound development of ND activities in India. D r. S . G a n e s a n ( B A R C ) , t h e c o n v e n e r o f W o r k s h o p , i s t h e k e y m e m b e r o f t h i s p r o p o s a l . D r. N i c h o l a s , I A E A , m a d e k e y s u g g e s t i o n s o n N D e v a l u a t i o n activities in general and stressed the need to collaborate with international ND evaluation activities in advanced countries and IAEA. India will set up Indian NDC in BARC soon. Mangalore locates on the sea coast of Arabic Sea, and has rather scattered towns in hill-sides of up- and down-streets. Although town buildings were n o t b e a u t i f u l , m a n y t r o p i c a l t r e e s c o u l d m i t i g a t e s c e n e r y.
There were not
many tourist-visiting spots, except the French style chapel with beautiful fresco pictures inside the main hall. We e s c a p e d f r o m t h e Wo r k s h o p f o r a c o u p l e o f d a y s t o m a k e e x c u r s i o n b y t h e H o t e l c a r. B e a u t i f u l c o u n t r y s i d e w a s e x t e n d e d w i t h d e e p f o r e s t s . I n t h e morning along streets, there were seen so many school pupils wearing colorful uniforms. They were walking for schools making queues. Ladies were also walking with colorful saris which made wonderful contrast with full green trees of forest. In contrast to dirty town areas, Indian country sides were seen very beautiful as far as we saw in this tour escaping from b i g c i t i e s . E s p e c i a l l y t r e e s a l o n g s t r e e t s w e r e s o b i g a n d n i c e . We v i s i t e d t h e 1000 Pillar Basadi, Moodabidri, which was the old Jain temple with so many differently designed and carved stone-pillars. This temple is not so large one as the Jain temple in Ellora which we visited later from Aurangabad, but reserves high-level art. The Sri Gomateshwara statue, Karkala, which
stood on the top of a single rock hill is the very famous Jain statue, Buddhal i k e s t a t u e b u t w i t h p e n i s s t r a n g e l y. T h e S r i K r i s h n a Te m p l e i n U d u p i , i n 4 0 k m n o r t h o f M a n g a l o r e , i s t h e v e r y a c t i v e H i n d u t e m p l e . We c o u l d g e t i n s i d e the temple core to see praying naked (with towel around waist) people. In every active Hindu temple, we had to take our shoes off. This habit was a bit trouble
to
tourists,
since
floors
were
dirty
in
most
places.
We
saw
beautifully decorated festival cars outside the temple. These type festival cars (floats) would be the roots of Japanese floats in festivals of Shintoh shrines.
W e a l s o v i s i t e d S r i K s h e t r a Te m p l e i n D h a r m a s t a l a , i n 1 0 0 k m e a s t o f Mangalore. This was very active Hindu temple town with nice museum.
4. Chennai D r. J . K u m a r a n d M r. a n d M r s . S r i n i v a s a n c a m e t o s e e u s a t C h e n n a i A i r p o r t on
the
evening
of
12
th
N o v e m b e r.
D r.
Kumar
has
been
assisting
the
CMNS/CF community since ICCF10 for type-setting proceedings papers for ICCF10 through ICCF12. He has done wonderful works, and now is going to
assist Jean-Paul Biberian,
(Editor-in-Chief), for publishing the E-Journal of CMNS. Kumar sent us by his car to Hotel Quality Inn Sabori in the central Chennai, where we five people took dinner together with in a Chinese restaurant. On the 13
th
morning, we 5 people started the hotel to visit Kanchipuram,
t h e G o l d e n C i t y o f T h o u s a n d Te m p l e s , a s a m a j o r H i n d u p i l g r i m a n d c u l t u r a l c e n t e r . T h e E k a m b a r n a t h a r Te m p l e ( M a n g o Te m p l e ) , d e d i c a t e d t o L o r d S i v a , is one of the largest temples in the town. There were seen several tall gopuram-towers with so many precisely carved statues of men, women, gods a n d a n i m a l s . We s a w f a n t a s t i c v i e w o f t h e b i g t e m p l e b u i l d i n g s f r o m t h e e n t r a n c e g a t e o f g o p u r a m . M o r e o v e r, t h e m o s t s u r p r i s i n g b e a u t y w a s i n i t s so many very decorative stone-carved pillars making a long passage and a fantastic gallery surrounding the heart of temple, the place where a big mango tree used to be standing in the backside of Siva statue (set inside a stone room) – now a young mango tree is planted to grow up. This Hindu temple was the most wonderful active temple we saw in India this time. K a n c h i p u r a m i s a l s o f a m o u s w i t h i t s s i l k p r o d u c t s . We v i s i t e d a s m a l l private factory weaving saris. After visiting weaving works, the master of
the house showed us samples of saris, which shined with rainbow-like lights
to charm up visitors. My wife bought finally an expensive one for our Indian
friend living in the neighborhood of our home in Osaka. D r. K u m a r k i n d l y d r o v e u s t o t h e Te m p l e B a y H o t e l , a f i v e s t a r r e s o r t h o t e l for foreign tourists on the sea coast of Mahabalipuram which is famous for the UNESCO world heritage of coast temples. Animals and Hindu memorial pagodas were carved from a single big stone and making a queue in sand. On the 14th morning, I and Dr. M. Srinivasan went to IGCAR (Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research) in Kalpakkam near Mahabalipuram. In the same site of IGCAR, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. - A Public Sector Undertaking spearheading India's nuclear power programme locates to operate two CANDU 220MWe type power reactors. Also in addition, in Kalpakkam, one FBR-500 MWe sodium cooled demo fast reactor is under construction by Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI) which is another wholly owned Enterprise of Government of India under the administrative control of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). After my two lectures, we visited a mini reactor with U-233 fuel which was designed by M. Srinivasn team at that time (construction and test operation completed in 1996) from BARC. This is the world-first Th-232 fuel c y c l e r e a c t o r. I n d i a i s e x p e c t i n g t o p u t l a r g e w e i g h t o n t h e T h - U 2 3 3 f u e l cycle for their nuclear energy supply in future, due to abundant resource of Th-232 in India. When this Th-U233 cycle would be established, it would be a b l e t o s u p p l y m o r e t h a n 1 0 0 0 y e a r s e n e r g y n e e d o f t h e w o r l d – s o f a r, I n d i a would be the leading nation of world if so in future. I made two lectures at IGCAR. One was the nuclear data (DDX) works as same
as
my talk in Mangalore.
Audiences could admire
our works by
O K T AV I A N , a s w a s m y t a l k i n N W N D - 2 0 0 6 . T h e n e x t o n e h o u r t a l k w a s o n the CMNS up-date. I stressed that we have recently got concrete evidences to show existence of new type nuclear processes under the circumstances of d e u t e r i u m - c o n t a i n e d c o n d e n s e d m a t t e r, e s p e c i a l l y P d D x s y s t e m s ; 1 ) c l e a n excess heat generation with
4
He ash, 2) cold (selective) transmutation of
host and/or added elements, and 3) proposal of predictable theoretical
models consistent with conventional physics theories. I have got tired in t h e f i n a l p a r t o f t a l k . D r. S r i n i v a s a n h e l p e d m e t o c o m p l e m e n t a d d i t i o n a l words of explanation. The confirmation of these new phenomena by many world laboratories would make a very strong impact on basic science and e n e r g y a p p l i c a t i o n , I s t r e s s e d . We t h o u g h t t h a t m y C M N S t a l k w a s w e l l received among non-CF believers of IGCAR. Most audiences were reactor physicists and nuclear physicists. On the same day evening, we arrived at the home residence of Chino. Chino a n d h i s w i f e Va s a n t h a w e r e s o k i n d t o p r o v i d e u s t w o n i g h t s s t a y a t a b e d room of their house. I and my wife enjoyed ethnic tastes of Southern Indian f o o d s w h i c h Va s a n t h a a n d C h i n o c o o k e d a n d s e r v e d . H o m e - c o o k e d f o o d s w e r e delicious. This home stay in an Indian family was of our another exotic e x p e r i e n c e i n t h e t o u r.
On 15
th
, D r. K u m a r c a m e a g a i n t o b r i n g u s f o r C h e n n a i s i g h t s e e i n g . W e
dropped in a big Theosophical Society Campus near Chino’s home, which wa s founded by a USA colonel and Chino was born there in the Campus as a son
of Theosophist. There were seen collections of imitated monument-buildings of various religions in the world. There we saw also the second largest B a n y a n Tr e e f o r e s t ( s i n g l e t r e e f o r e s t ) , a f t e r o n e i n C a l c u t t a . T h e o s o p h i s t s look having been trying to understand totally the human spiritual acts in linkage of sciences and religions.
The second successor of president of the
Society was a British lady Annie Besant, who made a strange but surprising predictive works on substructure of atoms. In her “occult chemistry”, she could predict sub-quark level composition of proton (hydrogen) consisted of 18 sub-quark level particles. The structure of this occult view could follow the up- and down-quark structure of present day’s elementary particle physics, so that the occult chemistry gave a shock to Chino and other investigators. Of course, in my view of modern particle physics, Annie’s occult chemistry has many substantial contradictions in fine points and is n o t c o m p l e t e . H o w e v e r, C h i n o i s k e e p i n g t h e t h e o s o p h i c a l i d e a f r o m t h e beginning of his birth and he is now the President of the Chennai Section of t h e S o c i e t y.
It is very interesting prediction already in 1917. Chino is studying this
occult chemistry being completely independent of CMNS research. B y t h e w a y, I t h i n k , w e C M N S r e s e a r c h e r s m u s t b e c a r e f u l t o k e e p s t r i c t rationalism
to
establish the
sweep new
out
field
of
all
the
contradictions
CMNS. I
am
not a
and
defects,
so
as
to
believer of such occult
c h e m i s t r y. T h e e x p l a n a t i o n o f C M N S p h e n o m e n a s h o u l d n o t b e a t t r i b u t e d t o o c c u l t s c i e n c e s o r a l c h e m y. Chennai is a big city with its about 6 millions population. Feature of the town was however felt more peaceful than Bangalore, due to less chaotic traffics and finer buildings along streets. There are traces of the former B r i t i s h c o l o n y, s u c h a s S t . G e o r g e C h u r c h , M a d r a s U n i v e r s i t y a n d H i g h Court House. I n t h e l a s t n i g h t i n C h e n n a i , D r. K u m a r a n d h i s b r i l l i a n t s o n , f i r s t y e a r i n h i g h s c h o o l , j o i n e d i n t h e f a r e w e l l p a r t y a t C h i n o ’s h o m e . We t a l k e d a n d t a l k e d o n v a r i o u s t o p i c s , e n j o y i n g Ta m i l N a d u f o o d s a n d d r i n k s .
5. Mumbai The chaos of people was peaked here in Mumbai as we saw in arriving car drive
from
Airport,
through
crowds
of
gushing
out
people,
jamming
auto-rikishas and cars, to the Hotel Sea Princess in Juhu Beach of Mumbai.
The hotel, as Ganesan recommended us with BARC’s discount rate, wa s comfortable to stay with usual conditions as in Japanese standard hotels. We f o u n d i t i n I n d i a t h a t w e h a d t o p a y m o r e m o n e y t h a n w h a t w e n e e d e d i n living with similar conditions in Japan, European and American Countries. If we could pay so, safe tours were guaranteed in India. The Sea Princess Hotel locates in the beautiful Juhu Beach with fine-grain sand and shallow s e a w a t e r. I n e v e r y e a r l y m o r n i n g a n d e v e n i n g , s o m a n y p e o p l e c a m e h e r e for walking and jogging. The hotel site was so peaceful, because it was i s o l a t e d a n d g u a r d e d b y h o t e l s t a f f s f r o m o u t s i d e h u s t l e a n d b u s t l e . We stayed totally for 8 nights in this hotel.
On 17
th
N o v e m b e r, w e v i s i t e d t h e B A R C G u e s t H o u s e C o m p l e x i n t h e
colony – residential village of BARC employees which looked similar to those
of
Chinese
Universities
as
Peking
and
Ts i n g h u a ;
many
apartment-buildings, schools, bank and shopping center were packed inside the colony surrounded by fence. The BARC research site was adjacent to the village. D r. A . V. R . R e d d y i n v i t e d m e t o h a v e a t a l k i n t h e C F N A A 2 0 0 6 m e e t i n g a t Seminar Hall of the Guest House Complex. This was the Indian conference on
neutron
activation
NWND-2006 irradiation
in
analysis
Mangalore,
experiments.
I
but was
(NAA).
I
made
the
stressing
more
on
the
only
one
same 14
foreign
talk
MeV
speaker
with
neutron in
the
conference. Ganesan told me that my talk was very good. A BARC scientist w a s a s k i n g m e a b o u t t h e d e t a i l o f O K T AV I A N f a c i l i t y, f o r B A R C w a s w i l l i n g to
construct
Measurements
a
similar with
one.
Osaka
14
My
paper
MeV
entitled
Neutron
“Experience
Source”
was
of
DDX
published
in
P r o c e e d i n g s o f D A E - B R N S D i s c u s s i o n M e e t o n C u r r e n t Tr e n d s a n d F u t u r e Perspectives of Neutron Activation Analysis, November 16-17, 2006, Board o f R e s e a r c h i n N u c l e a r S c i e n c e s , D e p a r t m e n t o f A t o m i c E n e r g y, I n d i a In the weekend (18-19
th
), we tried excursions of sight seeing in down town
and outer-skirt of Mumbai. BARC arranged a cheaper (1,500Rs for a day t o u r ) c a r w i t h d r i v e r a n d g u i d e f o r u s . We v i s i t e d a n d l o o k e d M u s e u m , V T ( V i c t o r i a Te r m i n a l ; r a i l w a y s t a t i o n ) , G a t e o f I n d i a , T a j M a h a l H o t e l a n d Mumbai
U n i v e r s i t y,
most
of
which
are
famous
heritages
of
the
UK
colonization governing center and were making European atmosphere in the south end down-town area, although buildings were dirty with dusts piled o n s u r f a c e s . To g e t t h e r e a n d b a c k t o t h e S e a P r i n c e s s a t J u h u B e a c h , w e h a d to waste most hours of day in queues of chaotic jams of auto-tricycles, taxis, cars and buses. Every vehicle had to take small gaps among jamming vehicles, ignoring lanes of road, to go forward. When car was stopping, t h e r e c a m e b e g g a r s a n d h a r d - s e l l e r s t o h i t w i n d o w s o f c a r. W e s h o u l d n e v e r
respond to these.
On the 19
th
morning, we started to go into outer-skirt of Mumbai aiming at
v i s i t i n g t h e K a n h e r i c a v e s i n N a t i o n a l P a r k . We e v e n t u a l l y f o u n d t h a t t h e driver and escort did not know the place, and we went far away to get out the
expanding
frontier
of
Mumbai
c i t y.
We
got
lost
and
wasted
time.
H o w e v e r, w e c o u l d a c c i d e n t a l l y s e e t h e f e a t u r e o f e x p a n d i n g M u m b a i , w i t h new apartment areas and huge slums. Mumbai has about 20 millions of population now and still increasing by 0.8 million people getting into the c i t y a r e a e v e r y y e a r, t o r e a c h p o p u l a t i o n o f 3 2 m i l l i o n s i n 2 0 1 5 ( b y t h e prediction of National Geographic). The city area extends 80 km x 50 km w i d e . M u m b a i h a s n o d o w n - t o w n c e n t e r s a s To k y o , O s a k a , N e w - Yo r k a n d Boston with many tall intelligent buildings. Most tall buildings were of pile-ups with concrete plus thin reinforced steel-sticks. If there would come an earthquake, we would have to see catastrophe. construct complete.
urban I
high
think,
way they
net-work, better
but
give
the
up
tempo
They are trying to looked
motorization,
so
slow
because
to the
air-pollution in Mumbai is already over the limit of perseverance. I and my
wife were coughing after one day drive through the town. My wife took a day rest in room of the hotel, during my lecture in BARC, and the coughing was o v e r. T h e To k y o m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a h a s a b o u t 2 5 m i l l i o n s o f p o p u l a t i o n , a n d has 14 metro-lines and urban- and suburban-networks of JR and private railway companies of electric trains. In contrast, Mumbai has no metro lines, nor net-worked suburban trains. Among big Indian cities, only Delhi a n d C a l c u t t a h a v e o n e m e t r o l i n e , r e s p e c t i v e l y. M u m b a i , l i k e o t h e r b i g Indian
cities,
has
to
hurry
up
to
construct
net-work
of
electric
mass-transport systems like subways (metros) and sky-monorail trains. The green-house
effect
by
polluted
exhaust
gases
from
uncontrolled
auto-vehicles has made the city to be hot spot; very high temperature (around 34 degree C in day time, duri ng our stay in Winter) under always foggy smog of SOx and NOx, which recalled me 50 years ago in Osaka; – Japan had made great effort to decrease exhausted SOx and NOx from vehicles
and
industrial
factories
in
1960-1980
to
have
developed
technologies for eco-tools, and has now realized rather clean airs in large cities. China and India should follow the same route.
On 20
th
N o v e m b e r, I m a d e a l e c t u r e o n C M N S / C F i n N u c l e a r P h y s i c s
Section of BARC, where every scientist was non-believer and serious critic of Cold Fusion. I could have about two hours for lecture, so that I mentioned some details of convincing experiments like Israeli-Italia-American work on excess
heat
with
helium
generation
and
MHI
work
on
cold
selective
t r a n s m u t a t i o n , a n d t h e o r e t i c a l e x p l a n a t i o n s b y, f o r e x a m p l e , m y d e u t e r o n cluster
fusion
model
(EQPET/TSC).
I
stressed
that
the
transient
condensation of deuteron cluster under Platonic tetrahedral symmetry with bosonization of associated electrons was of key for new-type of nuclear r e a c t i o n s t o a p p e a r i n c o n d e n s e d m a t t e r. M a n y q u e s t i o n s c a m e u p d u r i n g the talk from nuclear physicists, but none of which was denying what I was talking. I think, they got good impressions that CMNS studies were not in contradiction to existing conventional physics and worthwhile to study more. They gave me 2,500 Rs honorarium, which was great help for me to pay cost for two days tour on 18-19 November for sight-seeing. We t h o u g h t t o h a v e f i n i s h e d l e c t u r e - t a s k s a n d w e r e r e l a x e d t o g o f o r sight-seeing tour of world heritages near Aurangabad.
6. Aurangabad Aurangabad is a medium size city on Deccan Plateau. It has 52 gates of city-walled old town. Usually in China (as Peking and Xian) and Thailand (as Chiang Mai), as well as Europe, we saw only 4-6 gates of one walled old c i t y. I n s i d e t h e t o w n w a s f u l l c o n t i n u a t i o n o f l o w - s t o r i e s - c o n c r e t e b u i l d i n g s w i t h d i r t y c o n s t r u c t i o n , p e o p l e - a n d - p e o p l e a n d a u t o - r i k i s h a s . We w e r e u s e d t o s u c h c h a o s , a l r e a d y. T h e c i t y h a s h o w e v e r a s m a l l T a j M a h a l , l i k e m i n i a t u r e s e t o f Ta j M a h a l i n A g r a , a n d a M o g u l E m p i r e F o r t o n t o p o f s t e e p rock-mountain with 7 layers of defense walls, which we saw on the way to Ellora. Rama International Hotel where we stayed in for two nights was a w e s t e r n i z e d m o d e r n r e s o r t h o t e l . We w e r e v e r y r e l a x e d t o s t a y t h e r e .
Aim of tourists coming to Aurangabad must be of course to visit famous UNESCO world heritages as Ajanta and Ellora locating in 105 km and 45 km d i s t a n c e s f r o m t h e c e n t r a l A u r a n g a b a d , r e s p e c t i v e l y. We n e e d e d o n e d a y t r i p t o s e e A j a n t a B u d d h i s m c a v e s . T h e t o l l r o a d t o Ajanta, constructed by the loan of Japanese Government, was nicely smooth to reach the visiting center amenity in 2 hours. On the way we could enjoy s o b e a u t i f u l c o u n t r y - s i d e s w i t h a g r i c u l t u r a l f i e l d s , m e a d o w s a n d t r e e s . We saw many people going to field works in cotton-fields and sugar-cane-fields or to road-construction works, and many pupils in colorful uniforms going to schools. The Deccan Plateau was seen really flat with somewhere standing t a b l e - m o u n t a i n s . T h e l a n d l o o k e d a r a b l e w i d e l y. T h i s m u s t b e t h e r i c h n e s s of the Indo-subcontinent. Indian people can have enough foods to survive in warm climate, and therefore population will increase more and more as m o d e r n i z a t i o n c o m e s i n t o . H o w e v e r , w e s a w, l a d i e s w e r e c a r r y i n g h e a v y p o t s of water on their heads. The driver of Hotel car said that they had to carry water every day from rather distant wells or streams, and it (water) was a big problem allover India. Ladies should work hard from morning to evening, compared to milder or idling works of men: a gender problem. A field worker c a n e a r n a b o u t 4 0 R s a d a y, w h i c h w a s c o m p a r a b l e t o t i p s I h a n d e d t o a h o t e l b e l l b o y. T h e l a n d i n c o u n t r y - s i d e w a s s o b e a u t i f u l , b e c a u s e o f n o n - p o l l u t e d
environment by not-yet-modernization, but people were poor for much less i n c o m e a l t h o u g h t h e y m i g h t f e e l t h e i r l i v e s h a p p y. To w h e r e I n d i a g o e s f r o m now-on!
Almost
every
body
has
a
mobile,
a
cell
phone.
In
contrast,
infrastructures are far from modernized ones. Many Indian people look well e d u c a t e d a n d k e e p i n g c l e a r b r a i n s , a n d c a n s p e a k f l u e n t E n g l i s h m o s t l y. H o w e v e r,
India
lacks
modern
hard-ware
systems
in
daily
lives
and
industries. They have to overcome with this primitive mismatching in some d a y. To v i s i t A j a n t a c a v e s , t o u r i s t s h a v e t o t a k e ‘ e c o - b u s ’ f r o m t h e a m e n i t y c e n t e r . To b e o u r s u r p r i s e , e c o - b u s w a s a c t u a l l y a n o i s y o l d b u s w i t h o u t e x h a u s t g a s c o n t r o l . We i m a g i n e d a n e l e c t r i c c a r f r o m t o u r i s t b o o k s . W h a t a m i s s - s p e c u l a t i o n i t w a s ! H o w e v e r, t h i s c a n b e a s y s t e m t o c o l l e c t m o n e y routinely from tourists. Entry fee for foreigners was almost 20 times (5-10 USD = 250 – 500 Rs) of one (10-20 Rs) for Indian domestic people. They reasoned; when Indian people visited Japanese temples they had to pay so much fee as 5-10 USD (600- 1200 JPY), that why not we charge same money
t o f o r e i g n e r s . We l l , w e d o n o t h o w e v e r d i s c o u n t t o b e 1 / 2 0 o f e n t r a n c e f e e o f Japanese tourist spots for visiting foreigners as Indian! The Ajanta caves were however fantastic Buddhism heritage, surprising c a r v e d t e m p l e s i n a s i n g l e r o c k c l i f f o f 5 0 0 m l o n g a l o n g a s m a l l r i v e r v a l l e y. We s a w r u i n s o f s o p r e c i s e f r e s c o p a i n t i n g s o n w a l l s o f c a r v e d t e m p l e s . I t was great pity to see that most paintings were damaged naturally in long years and artificially by invaders. The Ajanta caves were looked just c o m p a r a b l e i n s i z e a n d a r t - l e v e l t o t h e f a m o u s D u n g h u a n g c a v e s i n We s t China, which I visited in 1984. The Dunghuan caves still reserve original colors of paintings and statues. I saw the fresco paintings in Ajanta were reflecting in very high level of precise painting-art of Indian people at that time. Among many carved temples, the 26 On the next day (23
rd
th
cave was felt the best.
November), we visited the Ellora caves, 45 km from
t h e A u r a n g a b a d c i t y c e n t e r. O n t h e w a y, w e w e r e s o h a p p y t o s e e b i g s t r e e t trees of Banyan. Banyan trees hanged so many ‘air-roots’ which would reach to earth soil to grow new stems of tree-system to be finally a big single tree forest. The road with big Banyan street trees was the most beautiful road which I have ever seen. Surprises of visitors to see the Ellora carved temples were written in many places, so that I need not to repeat it. For us, the 12
th
cave of Buddhism
temple with three story architecture with so many statues looked the greatest. By seeing the 32nd cave of Jain temple, I understood that the composition
of
three-statues
set,
as
Ya k u s h i - N y o r a i
(central
Buddha
statue) sandwiched (guarded) with Nikkou-Bosatsu (sun-light statue) and G a k k o u - B a s a t s u ( m o o n - l i g h t s t a t u e ) i n Ya k u s h i j i - Te m p l e i n N a r a J a p a n h a s far
roots
here
in
Jain
temples.
Sandwiching
the
central
Gomateshuwara-statue, male- and female-statues were positioned in righta n d l e f t - s i d e s , r e s p e c t i v e l y. I n B u d d h i s t t e m p l e s , a s s e e n i n t h e 1 2
th
cave,
a set of three statues keeps the same positions, but gender is neutralized. All
Buddha
statues
are
not
men
nor
women,
but
neutral
symbols
of
Buddhism-spirits. This must be the evolution of human belief to Buddhism, probably from Jaina. We r e t u r n e d t o t h e S e a P r i n c e s s H o t e l i n M u m b a i w i t h q u i t e s a t i s f i e d s o u l s ,
and was talking each other to have a long rest on 24
th
in hotel. Then I
p h o n e d t o D r. G a n e s a n t o r e p o r t o u r r e t u r n . I h e a r d , h e s a i d s o m e i n hurrying voice; “Prof. Bhoraskar of Pune University is asking you to visit his laboratory tomorrow!” What!
7. Pune On the 24
th
morning, we were on the way to Pune. A young colleague of
G a n e s a n , D r. D e v e s h R a j c a m e t o g e t h e r t o g u i d e u s . To p a s s t h r o u g h t r a f f i c jams in Mumbai and New Mumbai areas, we could run smoothly on nice high w a y, c o m p a r a b l e t o G e r m a n a u t o b a h n , r e a c h i n g t o P u n e a b i g c i t y o f 2 . 5 million population which locates on the west end zone of Deccan Plateau. T h e y s a y, t h i s i s t h e o n l y o n e n i c e h i g h w a y i n I n d i a . ( A c t u a l l y, w e s a w n i c e 4 lane highway from Chennai suburbs to Kanchipuram, then going for Bangalore.) Pune locates at 175 km away from Mumbai. The distance is too short to introduce airplane business. Instead they might have hurried up to c o n s t r u c t a m o d e r n 4 - 6 l a n e h i g h w a y. W e d i d n o t s e e s l u m i n P u n e . We a r r i v e d a t P h y s i c s D e p a r t m e n t o f P u n e U n i v e r s i t y a t a b o u t n o o n t i m e . P u n e U n i v e r s i t y, f o u n d e d i n 1 9 5 2 a n d r a n k e d w i t h i n t o p 5 u n i v e r s i t i e s i n India, has a huge campus with forested trees which they had converted from the
former
British
Governor ’s
house
after
the
1947
Liberation
and
I n d e p e n d e n c e . We m a d e l a b o r a t o r y t o u r t o s e e t h e i r a c c e l e r a t o r s , a 1 4 M e V neutron source with 200 keV energy acceleration and an electron Microtron w i t h 8 M e V a c c e l e r a t i o n e n e r g y, b o t h o f w h i c h w e r e h o m e - m a d e i n t h e University by Prof. Bhoraskar and his colleagues. They wanted to improve the 14 MeV source to be pulsed with few ns width and to increase neutron y i e l d . W e d i s c u s s e d a b o u t p r o b l e m s t o s o l v e . I n m y v i e w, t h e h o m e - m a d e system was looking too old and primitive, like old accelerators when I was student in 1960s in Japan or much older than small accelerators in Chinese leading
universities.
So,
I
recommended;
they
better
start
from
the
b e g i n n i n g t o d e s i g n , g e t b u d g e t a n d c o n s t r u c t n e w f a c i l i t y, b e c a u s e o f n o enough space available in their old department building. They will need a
new building facility to improve radiation shielding capability and security check, also. We m e t i n P u n e U n i v e r s i t y t h r e e f o r m e r v i s i t i n g p r o f e s s o r s i n N a g o y a U n i v e r s i t y J a p a n , P r o f . B h o r a s k a r a n d P r o f . M r s . B h o r a s k a r a n d D r. S a n j a y Dhole.
D r.
Sanjay-san
and
Prof.
Bhoraskar
stayed
in
Kenji
Morita’s
l a b o r a t o r y i n N u c l e a r E n g i n e e r i n g o f N a g o y a U n i v e r s i t y. P r o f . E m e r i t u s Kenji Morita was my elder brother student in the same laboratory of Osaka U n i v e r s i t y i n 1 9 6 2 - 6 5 . We e n j o y e d p l a y i n g t e n n i s i n t h o s e o l d d a y s . I t w a s i n d e e d b y c h a n c e t o k n o w t h a t D r. J . K u m a r w h o k i n d l y h o s t e d u s i n Chennai and has been assisting the CMNS community was studied in Pune University under Prof. Bhoraskar in Physics. Our world is not so large! O n t h e w a y b a c k , w e d r o p p e d i n t h e f l a t o f G a n e s a n f a m i l y n e a r B A R C . We w e r e h o s t e d b y I n d i a n c h a i ( m i l k - t e a ) . W e i n v i t e d M r. a n d M r s . G a n e s a n f o r d i n n e r a t O r i e n t a l R e s t a u r a n t i n t h e S e a P r i n c e s s . We s t a r t e d f r o m t h e i r flat at 19:00 expecting to reach at 20:00, but we could arrive in there at about 21:00 due to so heavy traffic jams everywhere on roads. It took 2 hours
for
16
km
drive!
Te r r i b l e !
We
could
however
enjoy
laughing
c o n v e r s a t i o n s w i t h g o o d m e a l s , a n d s a i d f i n a l l y b y e - b y e a t t h e l o b b y.
8. Impression of India I n d i a o n t h e s u b c o n t i n e n t i s a h u g e c o u n t r y. W e c o u l d s e e o n l y a p o r t i o n o f India this time. Even so, we found the features of towns were almost same in most cities and country sides. Big cities were groaning under the pollution and noisy traffics with too many people and expanding slum. Country sides were so beautiful with forests, arable fields, and wonderful street trees. The land looked so rich for supplying enough foods for increasing population. Many people carry modern IT tools, namely mobiles. Many people are highly educated. modern
H o w e v e r,
hard-ware
industries
and
something systems
mismatching
and
exists.
infrastructures
urban-suburban
transport
One in
systems
is
the
homes,
for
lack
of
colleges,
people,
w a t e r,
c o m m e r c e a n d i n d u s t r y. I n d i a h a s a l o t o f c u l t u r a l l y h i g h l e v e l h e r i t a g e s , like Mahabalipuram, Ajanta and Ellora. However a systematic tourism does n o t e x i s t i n I n d i a . E v e n t o u r i s t m a p s w e r e n o t a v a i l a b l e . Wa n d e r i n g b e g g a r s and hard-sellers in, for example, Ellora and Ajanta should be swept out, for tourists to feel like to drop in shops in amenities. Now tourists are hurried up
to
pass
through
shops-zones
to
avoid
trouble
with
beggars
and
hard-sellers. Ve g e t a r i a n f o o d s a r e t y p i c a l i n I n d i a w i t h f u l l c u r r y t a s t e s . T h e b e s t t h r e e I
tasted
were;
Aurangabad,
1)
which
just-baked was
‘nan’
really
good
from
Rama
beer-mate,
International 2)
fish-curry
Hotel at
Ta j
Manjuran Hotel Mangalore, and 3) soya mutter curry at a restaurant in Pune. Papaya fruits in India were wonderfully good, much better than those in
Chiang
Mai
Thailand.
Ve g e t a r i a n s
are
taking
necessary
energy
by
Ve g - f o o d s . M y w i f e s p e c u l a t e s t h a t t h e y h a v e t o g r i n d g r a i n s a n d v e g e t a b l e s t o m a k e p o w d e r, t o c o n d e n s e b y c o o k i n g t o h i g h e r c a l o r i e r a t e , a n d p u t i n curry in every food for sanitary reason. They can not eat noodle-like things, because
hands
can
not
be
put
into
hot
soup.
By
introducing
the
knife-and-fork (spoon or chopsticks) habit, they can surely extend the variety of foods and escape from the curry-only style. Foreigners are then
easy to access. The status of Indian nuclear science and technology has some advantages in the development of Th-U233 cycle fission reactor energy production systems.
H o w e v e r,
supporting
pyramid
of
basic
sciences
has
keeping
weakness of primitive hard-wares for producing creative experimental data. The present level seems in 20 years behind those in Chinese Institutes and Universities. As I could see this time only a small part of experimental facilities in India, there might be world-advanced facilities elsewhere. The Government
should
however
invest
appropriate
funds
to
open
Inter-university facilities like accelerator-based intense neutron sources. The opening and growing-up of Indian Nuclear Data Centre is one of key factors for India to develop its own systematic nuclear industries. I hope, they also find interests on new fields like CMNS to develop basic sciences. Indian young people are looking well educated in IT technologies and b u s i n e s s , t h r o u g h C A T ( C e n t r a l A d m i s s i o n Te s t ) a n d o t h e r s t o c o m p e t e a n d train
people.
But,
experiences
treating
and
producing
hard-wares
are
lacking. Unless they change the situation to take balance of knowledge, India would not be a leading country in the 22
nd
c e n t u r y.
Acknowledgement: I cordially appreciate Drs. M. Srinivasan and S. Ganesan for their kind hospitality to our lecture tour in India. Without their helps, we could not have so smooth and happy experiences.