Randolph Township Schools Randolph High School Health Education Grade 12 Department of Health and Physical Education David Kricheff Lead Health and Physical Education Teacher Curriculum Committee Nick Albanito Kelly Lambert Dave Poppy Curriculum Developed Spring/Summer 2012 Date of Board Approval August 2012
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Randolph Township Schools Department of Health and Physical Education Grade 12 Health Education Table of Contents
Section
Page
Mission Statement and Education Goals – District
3
Affirmative Action Compliance Statement
3
Educational Goals – District
4
Introduction
5
12th Grade Curriculum
6-23
APPENDIX A – E
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Randolph Township Schools Mission Statement We commit to inspiring and empowering all students in Randolph schools to reach their full potential as unique, responsible and educated members of a global society.
Randolph Township Schools Affirmative Action Statement Equality and Equity in Curriculum The Randolph township School district ensures that the district’s curriculum and instruction are aligned to the State’s Core Curriculum Content Standards. The curriculum addresses the elimination of discrimination and the achievement gap, as identified by underperforming school-level AYP reports for State assessment. The Curriculum provides equity in instruction, educational programs and provides all students the opportunity to interact positively with others regardless of race, creed, color, national origin, ancestry, age, marital status, affectional or sexual orientation, gender, religion, disability or socioeconomic status. N.J.A.C. 6A:7-1.7(b): Section 504, Rehabilitation Act of 1973; N.J.S.A. 10:5; Title IX, Education Amendments of 1972
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RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP BOARD OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL GOALS VALUES IN EDUCATION The statements represent the beliefs and values regarding our educational system. Education is the key to self-actualization which is realized through achievement and self-respect. We believe our entire system must not only represent these values, but also demonstrate them in all that we do as a school system. We believe: • The needs of the child come first. • Mutual respect and trust are the cornerstones of a learning community. • The learning community consists of students, educators, parents, administrators, educational support personnel, the community and Board of Education members. • A successful learning community communicates honestly and openly in a non-threatening environment. • Members of our learning community have different needs at different times. There is openness to the challenge of meeting those needs in professional and supportive ways. • Assessment of professionals (i.e., educators, administrators and educational support personnel) is a dynamic process that requires review and revision based on evolving research, practices and experiences. • Development of desired capabilities comes in stages and is achieved through hard work, reflection and ongoing growth.
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Randolph Township Schools Department of Health and Physical Education Grade 12 Health Education Introduction School failure is often a symptom of competing issues and problems that overwhelm a student’s life. Poor nutrition, lack of sleep, chronic or untreated illness, pregnancy, a disorganized home, substance abuse, or a threatening environment may all contribute to a student’s inability to cope with the rigorous demands of learning. Poor health in all its dimensions clearly interferes with school performance (Hechinger, 1992). Young people from all social and economic levels may experience these problems that compete for their time, energy, and commitment. Health/Physical Education is a tool by which our students can realize the benefits of further education, productive work, responsible leadership, and personal fulfillment. Toward that end, we will provide students with educational experiences that enable them to acquire knowledge and the ability to apply reasonable development of communication, problem-solving, and decisions making skills, to experience the benefits of learning and the values of wellness pursuits. We will guide all students in discovering, valuing, and developing their unique talents in order to realize their potential and foster a commitment to a lifetime of personal wellness as a health-literate and physically educated citizen.
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RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Curriculum Pacing Chart Grades 12 Health Education
SUGGESTED TIME ALLOTMENT
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UNIT NUMBER
CONTENT - UNIT OF STUDY
5 days
1
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH: Health Choices and Behavior, Emotional Health, Your Changing Personality
5 days
2
DRUG USE AND ABUSE: Drugs as Medicines, Drug Abuse, Alcohol and Tobacco
10 days
3
DISEASE PREVENTION: Infectious Diseases
20 days
4
LIFE CYCLE: Understanding Sexuality
RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education UNIT I: Social and Emotional Health ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS
Learning to handle emotions in a positive way will protect your physical, emotional, and social health. In your teen years increased levels of hormones can cause you to have different types of emotions. Mental and emotional problems vary in severity and duration. They have a variety of causes.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
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How can you protect your overall health?
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What factors can be stressful in a teen’s life?
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What are some ways you can deal with different mental or emotional problems?
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How can you help a friend that you feel may be suicidal?
Anxiety disorders can be severe and disabling. Mood disorders involve extremes on an emotion. There are other mental illnesses that fall into different categories. Suicide can often be prevented if people learn to recognize the factors that put teens at risk and the warning signs of a possible suicide attempt. Recognize when it is possible to help a friend and when professional help is necessary. KNOWLEDGE
SKILLS
NJCCCS
Students will know:
Students will be able to:
In small doses, fear and anxiety can help you meet challenges but too much anxiety is disabling.
Discuss how to handle emotions in a positive way.
2.1.12.C.1 2.1.12.C.2 2.1.12.C.3 2.1.12.E.1 2.1.12.E.2 2.1.12.E.3
Determine appropriate reactions to different emotions. Anxiety is an emotional state of high energy that triggers the stress response and is
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related to fear.
Analyze different mental and emotional problems. Describe risk factors and warning signs of suicide.
Dealing with anger involves recognizing the emotion, addressing the cause, and taking time to cool off. Guilt can remind you of your values. Shame is harmful and can contribute to serious mental problems. Anxiety disorders can include phobias, social anxiety, OCD, PTSD and Panic Disorder. Mood disorders can include depression and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder. Anorexia, bulimia and binge eating are all eating disorders. Substance related disorders involve problems with alcohol or drug abuse. The major risk factors for teen suicide are depression, other mental disorders, and substance abuse. Anyone talking about suicide should be taken seriously.
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2.1.12.E.4 2.2.12.A.1 2.2.12.A.2 2.2.12.A.3 2.2.12.B.1 2.2.12.B.2 2.2.12.C.1 2.2.12.C.2 2.2.12.C.3 2.2.12.D.1 2.2.12.E.1 2.2.12.E.2
RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education Unit I – Social and Emotional Health
SUGGESTED CONTENT – UNIT OF STUDY TIME ALLOTMENT 5 classes Social and Emotional Health • Health Choices and Behavior • Emotional Health • Your Changing Personality
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SUPPLEMENTAL UNIT RESOURCES TBD
RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education UNIT II: Drug Use and Abuse ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS
Drugs act by altering body processes, and can affect people in several different ways. Drug abuse hurts individuals, families, communities, and society. People abuse drugs for many reasons. Each classification of drugs affects the body differently. Drug addiction has many signs and can be treatable with help.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
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How can drug use affect relationships?
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Why do teens take illegal drugs?
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What factors can lead to drug abuse?
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What are some health risks related to drug use?
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Should illegal drugs be legalized?
KNOWLEDGE
SKILLS
NJCCCS
Students will know:
Students will be able to:
Tolerance to a drug develops when the body gets used to exposure to that drug.
Assess the effects on the body from drug abuse.
Drug abuse can damage a person’s health and ability to function effectively.
Analyze how addiction occurs in the body.
Lawmakers have passed laws related to drug abuse.
Categorize the drugs that belong in each classification.
People abuse drugs for many reasons, such as the belief that drugs will help relieve problems.
Describe how you would help someone with a drug addiction.
2.2.12.E.1 2.2.12.E.2 2.3.12.A.1 2.3.12.A.2 2.3.12.A.3 2.3.12.B.1 2.3.12.B.2 2.3.12.B.3 2.3.12.B.4 2.3.12.B.5 2.3.12.C.1 2.3.12.C.2 2.3.12.C.3
Family support, drug education programs, and legal or social consequences can prevent drug abuse.
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Physical addiction occurs when the body’s chemistry adjusts its functioning to the presence of a drug. Drugs create a “high” by release pleasure producing chemicals in the brain. The only sure way to ensure escaping drug addiction is never to experiment with the drugs that produce it. Marijuana use can cause abnormal heart action, reduced immunity, and lung damage. Amphetamines and methamphetamines are addictive drugs, because tolerance to them develops quickly. Cocaine is a stimulant that produces a short-term, intense high followed by extreme dysphoria. Sedatives and barbiturates act as depressants, slowing the body’s systems, and causing addiction. Narcotics are addictive drugs used to relieve pain, and include codeine, heroin, and oxycodone. Drugs that produce false sensations in the mind, such vivid and distorted visions, are call hallucinogens. Club drugs include a wide variety of drugs such as ecstasy, rohypnol, GHB, and ketamine. Mind-altering drugs, including alcohol, marijuana, and others, slow people’s reaction time. Admitting a drug problem is the first step to overcoming it. Recognizing signs of drug abuse can be the first step toward helping a friend or relative to get help. Alcohol impairs the central nervous system and judgment can be impaired.
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Excessive drinking can cause severe health damage.
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RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education Unit II – Drug Use and Abuse
SUGGESTED CONTENT – UNIT OF STUDY TIME ALLOTMENT 5 classes DRUG USE AND ABUSE • Drugs as Medicines • Drug Abuse • Alcohol and Tobacco
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SUPPLEMENTAL UNIT RESOURCES TBD
RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grades 12 Health Education UNIT III: Disease Prevention ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS
People who adopt healthy habits when young lower their risks of lifestyle diseases later in life.
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
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How can someone prevent lifestyle diseases?
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Why would we discuss diabetes in a high school health class?
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What are some complications related to cardiovascular disease?
Low blood glucose levels can cause serious health problems.
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What are some different types of cancers?
There are many health problems associated with cardiovascular disease.
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How can you reduce your risk of cancer?
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What are some treatments for cancer?
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Why do you think cancer is more prevalent now than in any other time in history?
There two types of diabetes, a disease that has become more common in teens with the rise in obesity.
Cancers are classified according to the types of tissues they affect. There are many factors that can contribute to different types of cancers. Making healthful choices can reduce cancer risks. There is a wide range of cancer treatments. KNOWLEDGE
SKILLS
Students will know:
Students will be able to:
Diabetes occurs when blood glucose levels are not controlled.
Explain how you can prevent noncommunicable diseases.
NJCCCS
2.1.12.C.1 2.1.12.C.2 Lifestyle diseases, or noncommunicable diseases, cannot spread from person to Distinguish between communicable and noncommunicable 2.1.12.C.3 person. disease. 2.2.12.D.1 2.2.12.E.1 Lifestyle diseases tend to have clusters of suspected causes known as risk factors. Explain the difference between the two types of diabetes. 2.2.12.E.2 (poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, smoking, alcohol, stress, other diseases or inherited genetic traits) Evaluate your own health choices to avoid disease.
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In type I diabetes the person’s immune system attacks the pancreas and destroys Assess your own lifestyle and what you can do to reduce the cells that make insulin. your risk of cancer. In type II diabetes the body’s cells fail to respond to insulin.
List and describe the different treatments from cancer.
When the cells are starved for glucose the tissues must use more fats than normal Generate a family history of cancer. for energy. Medication, diet, and physical activity are the three tools for controlling diabetes and its consequences. The number one killer of adults in the united states is cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is a general term for all disease of the hearth and blood vessels. Atherosclerosis obstructs blood flow and makes blood clots likely. Heart attacks are the most common life threatening events brought on by atherosclerosis. Heart attacks occur when a blockage restricts blood flow to the heart. Strokes are blockages or hemorrhages in the vessels that feed the brain. Two major factors for CVD that can be controlled through lifestyle choices are smoking and obesity. Regular physical activity and controlling emotions reduces the risk of heart disease. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells multiple out of control, spread into surrounding tissues, and other body parts, and disrupt normal body functioning of one or more organs. Some tumors are harmless of benign while others are cancerous, malignant. Tobacco products, exposure to x-rays and the sun can increase cancer risks.
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In order to reduce cancer risks people can improve their diet, control their body fat, be physically active and reduce or eliminate alcoholic beverages. Professional examinations and self exams can detect early cancers. Warning signs of cancer: C-change in bowel habit A-a sore that does not heal U-unusual discharge T-thickening of a lump in the breast or elsewhere I-indigestion or difficulty swallowing O-obvious change in a wart or mole N-nagging cough or hoarseness Common cancer treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemo therapy.
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RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education Unit III – Disease Prevention
SUGGESTED CONTENT – UNIT OF STUDY TIME ALLOTMENT 10 classes DISEASE PREVENTION • Infectious Diseases
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SUPPLEMENTAL UNIT RESOURCES TBD
RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education UNIT IV: The Life Cycle ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Healthy intimate relationships grow in stages.
How can relationships grow in a healthy way?
Abstinence from sexual activity helps a new relationship to grow in healthy way. How does communication build trust? Love requires commitment and working together.
How can families change over time?
Marriage is the highest form of commitment in our society.
What could impact normal childhood development?
Being completely honest is the way to gain peoples trust. Effective communication is essential to trust.
How can abuse be overcome? How could becoming a parent change lives?
Prospective parents should think about how children will change their lives. What kinds of habits can affect pregnancy? The menstrual cycle prepares the female body for pregnancy. Are you prepared to be a parent? Health habits of both parents prior to pregnancy can affect the health of the baby. Why are there so many forms of contraception? Fetal development starts at the time of conception. Physical and emotional changes occur during pregnancy. Congenital abnormalities can cause health issues for a lifetime. Various contraceptive methods can prevent conception. The human life span has not changed, but life expectancy has increased.
KNOWLEDGE
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SKILLS
NJCCCS
Students will know:
2.2.12.C.1 2.2.12.C.2 By choosing abstinence from sexual activity you are taking responsibility for Dissect a healthy intimate relationship. 2.2.12.C.3 your well being and eliminating health risks. 2.4.12.A.1 Determine the best way to grow a healthy intimate 2.4.12.A.2 A commitment is a promise to make a long-term choice in the face of any relationship. 2.4.12.A.3 possible options with the knowledge that the relationship will not always be 2.4.12.A.4 perfect. Outline the physical and emotional needs a family provides 2.4.12.A.5 for its members. 2.4.12.A.6 Marriage is the institution that joins a man and a woman by an agreement for the 2.4.12.B.1 purpose for creating and maintaining a family. Develop a strategy for communicating effectively. 2.4.12.B.2 2.4.12.B.3 Families provide basic needs such as affection, food, clothing, safety, security Evaluate how a dysfunctional family impacts its members 2.4.12.B.4 and shelter. as they develop. 2.4.12.B.5 2.4.12.C.1 The decision on whether to have a child is affected by personal beliefs, needs and Examine how pregnancy can impact a family. 2.4.12.C.2 wishes. 2.4.12.C.3 List and describe different contraception methods. 2.4.12.C.4 Conception occurs when an ovum and sperm unite. 2.4.12.C.5 Describe human development through the lifespan. 2.4.12.C.6 Ovulation occurs at mid cycle which is the ripening and release of an ovary. 2.4.12.C.7 Fertilization is the joining of an ovum and a sperm. Implantation is the process in which the ovum implants itself in the uterine wall. At the time of conception both parents should be free from drugs of all times. Gestation is the period from the last menstrual period to birth. Zygote-the product of the union of ovum and sperm for two weeks after conception. Embryo-the developing infant during the third though the eighth week after conception. Placenta-an organ that permits exchange of materials between maternal and fetal blood.
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Students will be able to:
Amniotic sac-a fluid filled balloon that houses the developing fetus. Umbilical cord-a rope like structure stretching from the fetus’s belly button to the placenta. Miscarriage-the expelling of a zygote, embryo or fetus from the uterus, not induced by medical means. Lactation is the production of milk by the mammary glands of the breasts for the purpose of feeding babies. Morning sickness is the nausea a pregnant woman may suffer at anytime of the day. Congenital means present from birth. Down syndrome is an inherited condition of physical deformities and mental retardation. Spina bifida is a birth defect often involving gaps in the bones of the spine leaving the spinal cord unprotected in those. Sudden infant death syndrome is the sudden unexplained death of an infant. Breach birth is when the infant is born in a position other than the normal head first position. Cesarean section – surgical childbirth in which the child is lift from an incision in the woman’s abdomen. Postpartum depression is the emotional depression a new mother experiences after the birth of an infant. Contraception is any method of preventing conception. A health care professional can recommend what contraceptive is right for you. Types of contraception: 1. Abstinence
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2. Hormonal methods-birth control pill, patch, implants, injections, and some iud devices. 3. Barrier methods-condoms, diaphragms, cervical cap, female condom. 4. sterilization Methods not recommended for contraception: 1. Douches 2. Condom misuse and alternatives 3. Breast feeding 4. Withdrawal As they get older people want to be self sufficient, physical active, social involved, and think clearly. Lifespan-the maximum years of life a human being can live Life expectancy-the average number of years lived by people in a giving society. Preparing for death will make sure your wishes are met and will help your loved ones. Make a will and make your wishes known.
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RANDOLPH TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT Grade 12 Health Education Unit IV – The Life Cycle
SUGGESTED CONTENT – UNIT OF STUDY TIME ALLOTMENT 20 classes THE LIFE CYCLE • Understanding Sexuality
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SUPPLEMENTAL UNIT RESOURCES TBD
