QUICK FACTS 2007 about Alcohol and Drugs
11
100% alcohol per capita, litres
10
Undocumented consumption
9 8 7 6
Documented consumption
5 4 3 2 1 0 1960
1970
1980
1990
QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
2000
To the reader QUICK FACTS about Alcohol and Drugs 2007 contains the key statistical information on alcohol and drugs and provides information on related trends in Finland. More detailed information on these topics can be found in the Yearbook of Alcohol and Drug Statistics, published by STAKES, as well as on the STAKES website (www.stakes.fi) and the SOTKAnet web service (www.sotkanet.fi). QUICK FACTS have been compiled by the STAKES Information division, which maintains and develops national statistics and registers in the field, and also processes and disseminates information for different purposes.
STAKES National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health Tel: +358 9 39671 Internet: http://www.stakes.fi P.O. Box 220, FI-00531 Helsinki
1 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
. . . the To . . . reader ............................................
1
.................................................. CONTENTS
2
Total consumption of alcoholic beverages, 100% alcohol .per . . .capita . . . . .2006 ...........................................
4
.Undocumented . . . . . . . . . . . . consumption . . . . . . . . . . .of. .alcoholic . . . . . . . beverages, . . . . . . . . . .2006 .........
4
.Alcohol . . . . . .consumption . . . . . . . . . . .per . . .capita . . . . .aged . . . . 15 . . .and . . . over, . . . . .1997-2006 ...........
5
.Structure . . . . . . . of . . alcohol . . . . . . consumption, . . . . . . . . . . . .100% . . . . .alcohol, . . . . . . 1997-2006 .............
5
Consumption of alcoholic beverages by region, 100% alcohol .per . . .capita, . . . . . 2006 ...........................................
6
Consumption of alcoholic beveragers in some .countries, . . . . . . . .2003 ...........................................
7
Development of alcohol consumption in some countries, 100% . . . . . .alcohol . . . . . .per . . .capita .....................................
8
.Prevalence . . . . . . . . .of . .non-drinkers . . . . . . . . . . aged . . . . .15−69, . . . . . .1968-2005, . . . . . . . . . .%. . . . . . . . .
9
. . . . drinking . . . . . . . and . . . .binge . . . . .drinking, . . . . . . .2003-2005 ......................... Risk
9
.Frequency . . . . . . . . of . . alcohol . . . . . . .consumption, . . . . . . . . . . .1968 . . . . and . . . .2005 ...............
10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .who . . . drink . . . . .alcohol . . . . . .at . .least . . . . once . . . . .a. week, . . . . . 2005 ....... 12-18-year-olds
10
Experimental and habitual use of alcohol and drugs among . . . . . .people, young . . . . . . 1995, . . . . . 1999 . . . . .and . . . 2003 ...........................
11
. . . . . . . cannabis . . . . . . . .use . . . or . . experimenting, . . . . . . . . . . . . .1998, . . . . .2002 . . . . and . . . .2004 ...... Lifetime
11
Experimental/habitual use of cannabis by age group .1998, . . . . 2002 . . . . .and . . . 2004 .......................................
12
.Shares . . . . . .of. .amphetamine . . . . . . . . . . . and . . . .opiate . . . . .users, . . . . . 2002 ..................
12
2 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
Experimental/habitual use of cannabis in . . . . . EU . . . countries . . . . . . . . and . . . .i .Norway ............................... some
13
Substance abusers in social and health services, .1999 . . . .and . . . 2003 ............................................
14
Clients in specialised services for substance abusers, .2000, . . . . .2003-2005 ..............................................
14
.Care . . . .periods . . . . . . with . . . .alcohol. . . . . . .and . . . drug-related . . . . . . . . . . diseases .................
15
Alcohol. . . . . . . and . . . .drug-related . . . . . . . . . . deaths ...............................
16
.Drug-related . . . . . . . . . .criminality .........................................
16
Drug . . . . .seizures . . . . . . . in . .Finland . . . . . . (kg) ................................
16
Persons . . . . . . . .taken . . . . into . . . .police . . . . . custody . . . . . . .for . . drunkenness ......................
17
.Drunkenness . . . . . . . . . . .in. traffic .......................................
17
Persons . . . . . . . .killed . . . . or . . injured . . . . . . in . . road . . . . accidents ..........................
17
.Violent . . . . . crimes ..............................................
17
.Sales . . . . of . . alcohol . . . . . . .beverages . . . . . . . . .by . .drink . . . . category, . . . . . . . . 2004-2006 ...............
18
.Sales . . . . of . . alcoholic . . . . . . . .beverages . . . . . . . . .100% . . . . .alcohol, . . . . . . .2006 ................
19
Real price indices for the consumption of alcoholic .beverages, . . . . . . . . .2000=100 ..........................................
20
.Alcohol . . . . . .tax . . .in. .exemplar . . . . . . . .drinks . . . . .from . . . . March . . . . . .2004 .................
20
.Alcohol . . . . . .sales . . . . .network ........................................
21
.Government . . . . . . . . . .alcohol . . . . . . tax . . .revenue ................................
21
Consumers’ . . . . . . . . . . .alcohol . . . . . .expenses ...................................
21
Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . .and . . . detrimental . . . . . . . . . effects . . . . . . of . . alcohol, . . . . . . .1969-2006 .............
22 3
QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
TOTAL CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, 100% ALCOHOL PER CAPITA 2006
Litres
Documented consumption Undocumented consumption Total consumption
As bottles of Koskenkorva 0.5 l
As bottles of medium beer 0.33 l
8.4 1.9
44 10
573 130
10.3
54
703
UNDOCUMENTED CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, 2006 100% alcohol million litres Home preparation Passenger imports Consumption abroad Illegal distillation and smuggling
0.5 7.4 1.6 0.4
Total
9.8
Per capita, litres
1.9
Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; STTV.
4 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA AGED 15 AND OVER, 1997−2006 Year
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Spirits
Wines
Cider
Beer
Total
litres
Long drinks litres
100%
litres
litres
100%
2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.9
9.8 9.9 10.1 10.3 11.3 12.1 12.9 12.9 13.1 13.6
6.3 8.6 11.2 12.6 13.2 13.4 12.6 12.2 12.2 13.1
5.7 5.6 4.9 4.3 4.2 5.6 6.1 5.9 5.9 7.0
99.9 95.3 94.5 92.6 94.8 95.9 94.8 99.2 99.7 99.4
8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.9 10.0 10.1
STRUCTURE OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, 100% ALCOHOL, 1997−2006 100
% Beer
80 60
Long drinks Cider
40
Wines
20
Spirits
0 1997 ’98 ’99 ’00 ’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; STTV. QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
5
CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES BY REGION, 100% ALCOHOL PER CAPITA, 2006
Per capita, litres Lapland Etelä-Savo Päijät-Häme South Karelia Uusimaa Kymenlaakso Pohjois-Savo Kainuu Kanta-Häme Varsinais-Suomi Satakunta Pirkanmaa Central Finland North Karelia North Ostrobothnia Itä-Uusimaa Central Ostrobothnia South Ostrobothnia Ostrobothnia Åland
11,7 9,5 9,1 9,0 8,7 8,7 8,7 8,6 8,5 8,5 8,4 8,3 8,3 7,7 7,5 7,4 6,9 6,7 5,9 5.7
Whole country 2006 Whole country 2005
8,4 8,2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; STTV.
6 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
12
CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES IN SOME COUNTRIES, 2003
100% alcohol per capita, litres Hungary Czech Ireland Germany Spain Great Britain Portugal Denmark Austria France Belgium Russia Latvia Netherlands FINLAND Greece Italy USA Japan Estonia Iceland Sweden Norway 0
4 Spirits
8
12 Wine and beer
Source: World Drink Trends 2005.
7 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
DEVELOPMENT OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN SOME COUNTRIES, 100 % ALCOHOL, PER CAPITA
Litres in 100 % alcohol
Hungary Czech Ireland Germany Spain Great Britain Portugal Denmark Austria France Belgium Russia Latvia Netherlands FINLAND Greece Italy USA Japan Estonia Iceland Sweden Norway
1970
1980
1990
2003
9.1 8.4 5.9 10.3 11.6 5.3 9.9 6.8 10.5 16.2 8.9 6.5 .. 5.7 4.3 5.3 13.7 6.7 4.6 .. 3.2 5.8 3.6
11.7 9.6 7.3 11.4 13.6 7.3 11.0 9.1 11.0 14.9 10.8 6.2 10.3 8.9 6.3 10.2 13.0 8.3 5.4 0.9 3.9 5.7 4.6
11.1 8.8 7.6 10.6 10.8 7.7 12.9 9.7 10.4 12.6 9.9 5.5 5.4 8.1 7.7 8.6 9.2 7.4 6.5 .. 3.9 5.5 4.1
11.4 11.0 10.8 10.2 10.0 9.6 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.3 8.8 8.7 8.1 7.9 7.9 7.7 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.5 5.4 4.9 4.4
Source: World Drink Trends 2005.
8 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
PREVALENCE OF NON-DRINKERS AGED 15−69, 1968−2005, % Men 1968 1976 1984 1992 2000 2004 2005
Women
Total
39 18 27 17 9 9 13
26 13 20 14 9 8 13
12 8 12 10 8 6 12
Source: Drinking Habits Surveys 1968−2000; Alcohol and Drug Studies 2004, 2005 STAKES.
RISK DRINKING AND BINGE DRINKING, 2003−2005 days per year Risk drinking1) 2003 2004 2005
Binge drinking2) 2003 2004 2005
Total Men Women
24 32 17
26 34 18
23 30 16
7 10 3
8 11 4
6 10 3
Men 15-29 yrs 30-49 yrs 50-69 yrs
29 32 33
25 31 42
29 30 31
14 9 8
14 10 12
11 10 9
Women 15-29 yrs 30-49 yrs 50-69 yrs
17 18 17
16 20 17
19 18 11
5 3 3
6 6 1
6 2 1
1) Men at least 6 units, women at least 4 units. 2) Drinking to the point were you "really feel the effects". Source: Alcohol Panel Study 2003, 2004, 2005, STAKES.
9 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
FREQUENCY OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, 1968 AND 2005 15−69-year-olds Men 1968 2005
Women 1968 2005 %
At least four time a week
4
13
1
4
A couple of times a week
12
18
2
14
At least once a week
18
20
5
15
A couple of times a month
33
25
21
30
More seldom
20
11
31
25
Non-drinker
12
12
39
13
Sources: Drinking Habit Survey 1968; Alcohol and Drug Studies 2005, STAKES.
12-18-YEAR-OLDS WHO DRINK ALCOHOL AT LEAST ONCE A WEEK, 2005 44
% 40
Girls
35
Boys
30 19
20
15
10
6 1
4
0 12 yrs
14 yrs
16 yrs
18 yrs
Source: Adolescent Health and Lifestyle Survey 2005, Tampere School of Public Health.
10 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
EXPERIMENTAL AND HABITUAL USE OF ALCOHOL AND DRUGS AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE, 1995, 1999 AND 2003 % of 15−16-year-olds Alcohol Alcohol and medicines Soporifics and sedatives 2003
Solvents
1999
Cannabis
1995 Other illegal drugs 0
20
40
60
80
100
Sources: ESPAD, 1995, 1999, 2003, STAKES.
LIFETIME CANNABIS USE OR EXPERIMENTING, 1998, 2002 AND 2004 % of 15−69-year-olds Whole country Greater Helsinki area 2004
Rest of Southern Finland
2002
Rest of Finland
1998 0
4
8
12 16 20 24
Sources: Alcohol and Drug Studies, 1998, 2002, 2004, STAKES. QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
11
EXPERIMENTAL/HABITUAL USE OF CANNABIS BY AGE GROUP, 1998, 2002 AND 2004 % 30
1998
2002
2004
25 20 15 10 5 0 15-24
25-34
35-44
45-69
Sources: Alcohol and Drug Studies, 1998, 2002, 2004, STAKES.
SHARES OF AMPHETAMINE AND OPIATE USERS, 2002
Combined estimate
% 0.6 − 0.8
Men Women
0.8 − 1.0 0.3 − 0.6
15−25-year-olds 26−35-year-olds 36−55-year-olds
0.9 − 1.3 0.7 − 1.1 0.3 − 0.5
Amphetamine users Opiate users
0.4 − 0.7 about 0.2
Source: Drugs Situation in Finland 2004, STAKES.
12 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
age
EXPERIMENTAL/HABITUAL USE OF CANNABIS IN SOME EU COUNTRIES AND IN NORWAY 15-16-year-olds % 2003 Czech 2003 Ireland United Kingdom 2003 2003 France 2003 Spain 2003 Netherlands 2003 Italy 2003 Denmark 2003 Latvia 2003 Hungary 2003 FINLAND 2003 Norway 2003 Sweden 2003 Greece Source: ESPAD.
0
Adults
10
20
30
40
50
10
20
30
40
50
%
2000 Denmark United Kingdom 2004 2003 Spain 2003 Germany 2000 France 2003 Italy 2000/01 Netherlands 2004 Czech 2002/03 Ireland 2004 Norway 2004 FINLAND 2005 Sweden 2003 Latvia 2003 Hungary 2004 Greece Source: EMCDDA.
0
13 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
SUBSTANCE ABUSERS IN SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES, 1999 AND 2003 % Alcohol Medicine Cannabis 2003
Amphetamine
1999
Surrogate Opiates Solvent 0
20
40
60
80
100
Sources: Survey of Substance Abuse Cases in Social and Health Services 1999, 2003, STAKES
CLIENTS IN SPECIALISED SERVICES FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSERS, 2000, 2003−2005
A-clinics Youth clinics Detoxification centres Rehabilitation centres Housing services Overnight shelters
2000
2003
2004
2005
42 115 5 601 10 136 6 927 3 833 1 090
41 710 5 428 9 223 6 774 3 960 1 421
42 977 5 274 10 091 6 848 3 652 1 386
42 775 5 939 9 641 7 152 3 809 1 291
Source: Finances and activities of Municipalities and Joint Municipal Boards. OSF. Statistics Finland.
14 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
CARE PERIODS WITH ALCOHOL- AND DRUGRELATED DISEASES 2005*)
1996
2000
2004
Alcohol dependence Diseases of the pancreas Diseases of the liver Alcohol poisoning Intoxication Other alcohol diseases
12 288 2 203 2 583 594 7 751 8 592
11 956 2 380 2 872 470 10 094 7 177
10 512 2 578 3 860 490 11 389 7 657
10 729 2 279 4 538 521 10 987 8 284
Total
34 011
34 949
36 486
37 338
1996
2000
2004
612 1 084
794 1 111
688 770
647 714
Alcohol-related hospital care: the primary or secondary disease
2005*)
Drug-related hospital care: the primary or secondary disease Intoxication Drug psychosis Addiction Drugs Others Poisonings Drugs Others Other
386 988
915 1 861
786 1 979
816 1 801
154 3 192 218
188 3 707 446
119 4 219 532
114 4 070 564
Total
6 634
9 022
9 093
8 276
*)
Preliminary data.
Source: Inpatient Health Care. OSF. STAKES.
15 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
ALCOHOL- AND DRUG-RELATED DEATHS 1999
2003
2004
2005
Alcohol-related deaths 2466 2497 Alcohol-related disease or alcohol poisoning 1418 1572 of which: alcohol poisoning 528 532 cirrhosis of the liver 497 643 Accidental and violent deaths under the influence of alcohol 1003 895 Other violent deaths where the perpetrator under the influence of alcohol 45 30 Drug-related deaths based on findings in autopsies 140 147
2847
3050
1864
2033
614 831
561 976
965
993
18
24
176
174
2004
2005
Sources: Causes of Death. OSF. Statistics Finland.
DRUG-RELATED CRIMINALITY 1990
2000
Sentences with at least one drug offence
1094
6789
Drug offences
2270
13445
102761) 104721) 14486
14425
1)
The figure include the summary penal judgements for drug use offences. Source: Offences Known to the Police. OSF. Statistics Finland.
DRUG SEIZURES IN FINLAND (kg) Hashish Marihuana Amphetamine Cocaine Heroin Khat Subutex (number of pills) LSD (number of pills) Ecstasy (number of pills)
16
1990
2000
2004
2005
71,2 0,6 1,4 0,0 0,0 39 -
197 14 78 39 6 348 12 951 2 355 87 393
467 26 102 1,1 0,2 2 118 32 970 196 23 343
431 43 115 1,2 52 2 562 24 478 451 52 210
Source: Finnish National Bureau of Investigation. QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
PERSONS TAKEN INTO POLICE CUSTODY FOR DRUNKENNESS 1990 Total
142851
2000
2005
2006
96944 101856
99559
DRUNKENNESS IN TRAFFIC
Drink and drug driving Aggravated drink driving Other drunkenness in traffic Total
1990
2000
2005
2006
12203 17556 612 30371
9400 13383 412 23195
11068 14944 510 26522
11223 14542 461 26226
1990
2000
2004
2005
13407
8904
9166
9362
2188 16.3
1285 14.4
1438 15.7
1343 14.3
17 0.1
127 1.4
107 1.2
86 0.9
1990
2000
2005
2006
122 2358 15756 2534 20770
109 1972 18424 7424 27929
77 2071 20086 8324 30558
74 2056 20461 8368 30959
PERSONS KILLED OR INJURED IN ROAD ACCIDENTS Total, number alcohol involved number % other substance use involved number % 1)
Change in statistical practice in 2003.
VIOLENT CRIMES
Manslaughter Aggravated assault Assault Petty assault Total Source:
Offences Known To The Police. OSF. Statistics Finland. Road Traffic Accidents. OSF. Statistics Finland. QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
17
SALES OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES BY DRINK CATEGORY, 2004−2006
Drink category
2004
2005
2006
1 000 litres Spirits Unflavoured plain Flavoured Fruit spirits Cognac and brandy Whisky Rum Liqueurs and punch Bitters Pre-mixed drink1)
33 517 20 569 2 052 58 3 474 2 240 967 3 715 442 -
34 641 20 325 2 121 53 3 561 2 252 951 3 956 437 983
35 754 20 415 2 187 50 3 696 2 333 959 4 278 435 1 401
5 026
4 927
4 715
Light wines Red wines Rosé wines White wines Sparkling wine Other light wines
50 675 24 358 482 19 580 2 911 3 343
52 182 25 572 523 19 623 3 268 3 197
54 859 27 306 567 20 303 3 738 2 945
Ciders
52 550
52 872
57 446
25 314 25 803 402 745
25 443 23 246 410 317
30 422 22 614 412 342
42 760
43 265
44 382
Fortified wines
Long drinks Strong beer Medium beer 100% alcohol, total
1) Contains at least one type of alcoholic beverage. Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; STTV.
18 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
SALES OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, 100% ALCOHOL, 2006
Retail sales, litres Spirits Fortified wines Light wines Ciders Long drinks Strong beer Medium beer
Deliveries for licensed serving, litres Spirits Fortified wines Light wines Ciders Long drinks Strong beer Medium beer
Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; STTV. QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
19
REAL PRICE INDICES FOR THE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, 2000=100 Year
Spirits
Wines
Cider
Long drinks
Beer
Total
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
98 98 98 79 77 77
97 96 97 94 93 92
101 103 104 101 100 100
101 103 104 98 98 98
100 102 103 96 96 95
100 101 102 93 91 90
Source: Alcoholic Beverage Price Index. OSF. STAKES.
ALCOHOL TAX IN EXEMPLAR DRINKS FROM MARCH 2004
18% 28%
54%
20
VAT Basic costs
Alcohol tax
18% 57%
25%
Strong drink, price EUR 14.70 0.7 l, 40% Source: STAKES.
QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
Wine, price EUR 6.30 0.75 l, 11%
ALCOHOL SALES NETWORK
Alko retail outlets Alko delivery points Retail outlets Restaurants with A or B licence Restaurants with C licence Stores for selling fruit wine and sahti
1990
2000
2005
2006
240 . 6 706 2 560 3 128 .
275 124 7 348 4 904 4 050 49
327 139 6 699 5 546 2 912 49
331 136 6 398 5 688 2 706 48
Source: STTV.
GOVERNMENT ALCOHOL TAX REVENUE 1990
2000
2005
2006*)
At current prices Alcohol tax revenue, EUR million Share of state revenue, %
1 968 8.4
1 882 5.0
1 658 4.2
1 701 4.2
At 2006 prices Alcohol tax revenue, EUR million
2 557
2 034
1 688
1 701
1990
2000
2005
2006*)
At current prices Alcohol expenses per inhabitant, EUR Share of private cons. expenditure, %
632 7.1
677 5.4
718 4.6
743 4.6
At 2006 prices Alcohol expenses per inhabitant, EUR
821
732
731
743
Sources: National Board of Customs; Ministry of Finance.
CONSUMERS’ ALCOHOL EXPENSES
*)
Preliminary data. Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; National Accounts. OSF. Statistics Finland.
21 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
CONSUMPTION AND DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL, 1969−2006 32 30
25
20
15
10
5
0 1969
’75
’80
’85
’90
’95
’00
’06
Alcohol-related deaths per 100 000 inhabitants Consumption as 100% alcohol per capita Violent crimes per 1000 inhabitants Alcohol-related diseases per 1000 inhabitants Drink driving per 1000 inhabitants Persons taken into police custody for drunkenness Sources: Alcoholic Beverage Consumption. OSF. STAKES; Impatient Health Care. OSF. Stakes; Causes of Death. OSF. Statistics Finland; Offences Known to The Police. OSF. Statistics Finland.
22 QUICK FACTS 2007, STAKES
