PROCEEDINGS OF THE 37th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE ISAE

Nella stessa collana sono stati pubblicati i seguenti volumi: l - 1979 Infezioni respiratorie del bovino 2 - 1980 L’oggi e il domani della sulfamidoterapia veterinaria 3 - 1980 Ormoni della riproduzione e Medicina Veterinaria 4 - 1980 Gli antibiotici nella pratica veterinaria 5 - 1981 La leucosi bovina enzootica 6 - 1981 La «Scuola per la Ricerca Scientifica» di Brescia 7 - 1982 Gli indicatori di Sanità Veterinaria nel Servizio Sanitario Nazionale 8 - 1982 Le elmintiasi nell’allevamento intensivo del bovino 9 - 1983 Zoonosi ed animali da compagnia 10 - 1983 Le infezioni da Escherichia coli degli animali 11 - 1983 Immunogenetica animale e immunopatologia veterinaria 12 - 1984 5° Congresso Nazionale Associazione Scientifica di Produzione Animale 13 - 1984 Il controllo delle affezioni respiratorie del cavallo 14 - 1984 1° Simposio Internazionale di Medicina veterinaria sul cavallo da competizione 15 - 1985 La malattia di Aujeszky. Attuahtà e prospettive di profilassi nell’allevamento suino 16 - 1986 Immunologia comparata della malattia neoplastica 17 - 1986 6° Congresso Nazionale Associazione Scientifica di Produzione Animale 18 - 1987 Embryo transfer oggi: problemi biologici e tecnici aperti e prospettive 19 - 1987 Coniglicoltura: tecniche di gestione, ecopatologia e marketing 20 - 1988 Trentennale della Fondazione Iniziative Zooprofilattiche e Zootecniche di Brescia, 19561986 21 - 1989 Le infezioni erpetiche del bovino e del suino 22 - 1989 Nuove frontiere della diagnostica nelle scienze veterinarie 23 - 1989 La rabbia silvestre: risultati e prospettive della vaccinazione orale in Europa 24 - 1989 Chick Anemia ed infezioni enteriche virali nei volatili 25 - 1990 Mappaggio del genoma bovino 26 - 1990 Riproduzione nella specie suina 27 - 1990 La nube di Chernobyl sul territorio bresciano 28 - 1991 Le immunodeficienze da retrovirus e le encefalopatie spongiformi 29 - 1991 La sindrome chetosica nel bovino 30 - 1991 Atti del convegno annuale del gruppo di lavoro delle regioni Alpine per la profilassi delle mastiti 31 - 1991 Allevamento delle piccole specie 32 - 1992 Gestione e protezione del patrimonio faunistico 33 - 1992 Allevamento e malattie del visone 34 - 1993 Atti del XIX Meeting annuale della S.I.P.A.S., e del Convegno su Malattie dismetaboliche del Suino 35 - 1993 Stato dell’arte delle ricerche italiane nel settore delle biotecnologie applicate alle scienze veterinarie e zootecniche - Atti 1a conferenza nazionale 36 - 1993 Argomenti di patologia veterinaria 37 - 1994 Stato dell’arte delle ricerche italiane sul settore delle biotecnologie applicate alle scienze veterinarie e zootecniche 38 - 1995 Atti del XIX corso in patologia suina e tecnica dell’allevamento 39 - 1995 Quale bioetica in campo animale? Le frontiere dell’ingegneria genetica 40 - 1996 Principi e metodi di tossicologia in vitro 41 - 1996 Diagnostica istologica dei tumori degli animali 42 - 1998 Umanesimo ed animalismo 43 - 1998 Atti del Convegno scientifico sulle enteropatie del Coniglio 44 - 1998 Lezioni di citologia diagnostica veterinaria 45 - 2000 Metodi di analisi microbiologica degli alimenti 46 - 2000 Animali, terapia dell’anima 47 - 2001 Quarantacinquesimo della Fondazione Iniziative Zooprofilattiche e Zootecniche di Brescia, 1955- 2000 48 - 2001 Atti III Convegno Nazionale di Storia della Medicina Veterinaria 49 - 2001 Tipizzare le salmonelle 50 - 2002 Atti della giornata di studio in Cardiologia Veterinaria 51 - 2002 La valutazione del benessere nella specie bovina 52 - 2003 La ipofertilità della bovina da latte 53 - 2003 Il benessere dei suini e delle bovine da latte: punti critici e valutazione in allevamento

UNIVERSITY OF MILAN ITALY

FONDAZIONE INIZIATIVE ZOOPROFILATTICHE E ZOOTECNICHE

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 37 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE ISAE th

June, 24-28 2003 Abano Terme - Italy Hotel Terme Alexander Palace

EDITO A CURA DELLA FONDAZIONE INIZIATIVE ZOOPROFILATTICHE E ZOOTECNICHE - BRESCIA Via A. Bianchi, 1 - 25124 Brescia

Proceedings of the 37th International Congress of the ISAE Edited by Valentina Ferrante and the Scientific Committee Abano Terme, Italy, 2003 Published by Fondazione Iniziative Zooprofilattiche e Zootecniche Via A. Bianchi, 1 - 25124- Brescia – Italy Tipografia Camuna – Brescia - Italy Printed in Italy Copiright 2003, Fondazione Iniziative Zooprofilattiche e Zootecniche – Brescia Tipografia Camuna S.p.A. - Brescia

CONTENTS CREDITS

7

PROGRAMME

9

DAVID WOOD-GUSH MEMORIAL LECTURE

27

PLENARY TALKS

31

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

37

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

135

WORKSHOPS

247

AUTHOR INDEX

253

PARTICIPANTS

261

SPONSORS

265

5

CREDITS

The Scientific Committee gratefully thanks the Fondazione Iniziative Zooprofilattiche e Zootecniche for the printing of the proceedings Fondazione Iniziative Zooprofilattiche e Zootecniche Since 1955, the Foundation has been promoting, encouraging and financially supporting research and teaching initiatives in the fields of animal husbandry and animal health. Proceedings Editors

Scientific committee

Valentina Ferrante and the Scientific Committee

Elisabetta Canali (chair), Corrado Carenzi, Valentina Ferrante, Silvana Mattiello, Michela Minero, Clara Palestrini, Maria Vittoria Tosi, Marina Verga

Referees Michael Appleby, Sara Barbieri, Harry Blokuis, Knut Bøe, Alain Boissy, Xavier Boivin, Eberhard von Borell, Marie-France Bouissou, Donald Broom, Elisabetta Canali, Corrado Carenzi, Joël Dehasse, Ian Duncan, Valentina Ferrante, Björn Forkman, Martina Gerken, Peter Goddard, Harold Gonyou, Debbie Goodwin, Sarah Heat, Paul Hemsworth, Hans Hopster, Linda Keeling, Paul Koene, Jan Ladewig, Xavier Manteca, Georgia Mason, Lindsay Matthews, Silvana Mattiello, Joy Mench, Mike Mendl, Michela Minero, Lene Munksgaard, Christine Nicol, Birte Nielsen, Frank Ödberg, Karen Overall, Clara Palestrini, Carol Petherick, Carlos Pinheiro Machado Filho, Emanuela Prato Previde, Edward Price, Jeff Rushen, Marie-Christine Meunier-Salaün, Shusuke Sato, Willem Schouten, James Serpell, Maria Vittoria Tosi, Isabelle Veissier, Marina Verga, Susanne Waiblinger, Natalie Waren, Francoise Wemelsfelder, Adroaldo Zanella. Local organizing committee Corrado Carenzi (chair), Elena Andreoli, Elisabetta Canali, Valentina Ferrante, Silvana Mattiello, Stefano Marelli, Giulia Mauri, Manuela Michelazzi, Michela Minero, Clara Palestrini, Jacopo Riva, Maria Vittoria Tosi, Marina Verga

7

PROGRAMME

TUESDAY, JUNE, 24th 08.30-12.00

Registration and poster set up (poster session n. 1, from poster n.1.1 to poster n. 1.51)

14.00-19.00

Registration and poster set up (poster session n. 1, from poster n.1.1 to poster n. 1.51)

9.30-17.30

Satellite Symposium: “Horse welfare” - Rovigo Hall

10.00-17.00

ISAE Council meeting - Vicenza Hall

18.30

Welcome cocktail - Hotel Central Hall

WEDNESDAY, JUNE, 25th 08.00-09.00

Registration and poster set up (poster session n.1, from poster n.1.1 to poster n. 1.51)

09.00-09.30

Congress opening - Padova Hall

09.30-10.30

Wood-Gush Memorial Lecture Padova Hall (chair: H.J. BLOKHUIS) J.L. Ladewig. “Of mice and men: improved welfare through clinical ethology”

10.30-11.00

Coffee break (authors of odd-numbered posters stay at their posters)

11













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DAVID WOOD-GUSH MEMORIAL LECTURE

David Wood Gush Memorial Lecture - Wednesday 25/06/03 Padova Hall

OF MICE AND MEN: IMPROVED WELFARE THROUGH CLINICAL ETHOLOGY J.L.LADEWIG Ethology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University. Groennegaardsvej, 8 Frederiksberg - Denmark

Health is characterized by the absence of disease, just like welfare is characterized by the absence of behavior problems. Consequently, just like treatment and prevention of disease improves health, treatment and prevention of behavior problems improves welfare. The purpose of developing a discipline termed ‘clinical ethology’ is to apply the same procedures and principles used in medicine to the area of ethology. Briefly, these procedures consist of searching for specific symptoms of a disease, partly through a clinical examination and partly by conducting specific diagnostic tests, the results of which point to a specific diagnosis. Based on the diagnosis, suggestions for a treatment as well as preventive measures are given. Application of clinical procedures to the treatment and prevention of behavior problems reveals some areas that need improvement. One such area concerns the diagnostic process, i.e. the search for specific symptoms through behavior observations and behavior tests. Another area concerns the treatment of behavior problems, something that primarily is done in companion animals and horses. A third area concerns the prevention of behavior problems, an area that despite much attention still needs refinement. Since many behavior problems are related to the way people house and handle domestic animals, possibly the most important aspect of clinical ethology is its focus on the man-animal interaction, to subject this interaction to systematic investigation and to include it both in the diagnostic, the therapeutic, and the preventive part of the clinical process. Developing a discipline ‘clinical ethology’ could (I) improve the welfare of domestic animals in a way that is perceived by animal owners as a professional help based on scientific knowledge; (II) stimulate ongoing research by emphasizing the therapeutic and preventive aspects of solving behavior problems in farm and companion animals; and (III) create new jobs for ‘behavior practitioners’.

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PLENARY TALKS

Plenary Talk - 26/06/03 Padova Hall

MAN-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: CAN WE MEASURE FEAR OF PEOPLE ON THE FARM A. M. DE PASSILLÉ Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, P.O. Box 90, Lennoxville, Québec, Canada, J1M 1Z3A

It is now widely recognised that the way we treat animals can lead to a comfortable or a fearful relationship with the handler. We know more about which human behaviours are aversive to animals but little about the ones that are pleasant. We know how to make animals tamer and that this improves handling and care. Research has shown how fear of humans can lead to production losses in fearful animals. Animals have been shown to be able to differentiate between handlers and recognise the feared ones. Consequently it is accepted that animal handling can lead to good or bad welfare. Since the way animals are handled is of great concern to the consumer, there is pressure to examine the situation on farms. There has been a lot of interest in developing on farm tests to evaluate the level of fear that animals have developed towards people. It is hoped that such tests could be done rapidly and be interpreted simply to give us a measure of the welfare of the herd/flock on individual farms. In this presentation a critical review of some of the scientific data demonstrating why animals become fearful of handlers will be presented. On farm assessment methods will be discussed to identify interpretation and validity issues in the hope that these ideas can help us develop better tools for on farm assessment of animals’ fear of people as well as the quality of stockmanship with regards to animal handling.

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Plenary Talk - 27/06/03 Padova Hall

USING BEHAVIOURAL TESTS TO ASSESS THE EFFECTS OF HOUSING ON ANIMAL WELFARE: EXAMPLES FROM COW COMFORT J. RUSHEN AND A. M. DE PASSILLÉ Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lennoxville, QC, Canada

Behavioural tests can allow a greater experimental control over variables and greater precision of measurements. However, a disadvantage is that we cannot assume that the results can be generalized to real situations. I discuss these issues referring to the work that has assessed the comfort of dairy cows, specifically the design of stalls and walking surfaces. Dairy cows increasingly stand and walk on concrete but their hooves were adapted to softer pasture and lameness is more common among cows standing on concrete. We examined if cows prefer to stand on softer floors by individually housing Holstein cows (n=23) in special pens for 14d. Half the cows had Animats (soft, high traction rubber) in front of the feeder, while the other half had concrete. After 14d, treatments were reversed. We observed the cows for 3X24h-periods (d8, d11, d14), noting position in the pen and whether standing or lying. Repeated-measures GLM showed that, with Animats in front of the feeders, cows stood near the feeder for longer (5.5h vs 4.8h SE=0.25h p