•

•

OcT. 4, 1929

THE

A Seven-Day Journal A National Coal Marketing Scheme. RECEN'l'LY the Pre::;iden t. of the noar·d of Trade invited the coalowners to ~ubrnit. to him by t1 definite date u. voluntary national scheme for the marke ting of cottl. The implication was, apparently, that if the owners did not produce such a scheme by their own effort s anffiuents from various proce~ses arc. fhHt of aJI, passed through two scraper screen~. whic·h remove t he coarser matter in suspcnsiolt. Tho offiuont is then mixed with milk of lime. which has tho effect of n eutra li:sing it s acidity and of coagulating and precipitating t he lighter impurities, with the result that they a re dcpo ited in an arrangement of filter a nd settling tanks- a P enell-Wylie pa.tont supplied and designed by F . \\'. Brackett a nd ('o., Ltd. , of Colchester. The liq uid is allowed t o flow into these tanks after liming. The quantity o f limo milk added is regnlat cd t o make the efflu ent neutral a ft01· it luv~ pMsed through the filt er arrangement.

the riv01·. \\·hen tho "Campaign" is not in progress very much less water is, of course. requi red, and_ for use during the major portion of the year there .1s a :-;mallor clcct n ctl.lly-cl riven pump and an entirely separate 3in. pipe line. The riv~r watltC'm ~o

PRESSES

to any required d epth an, which discha rges the contents bodily into a. quite confid ent that two men could operate a much la t·ger retort. The 75-ton retort-apart from actessories-would occupy an area of 50ft. by 20ft. A::~ to temperatures, he said that at Fltlham LhuOl' A u l'o ., L'J'D . when t h at, ]We~>IHU'O is r olottH have a c·un;,taul length of s trol~ uu· 'uh o '"' unly wsed \\hen tho engine is h oing ~->tMted uheud 0 1· H-.tC'I"J\. Tho tttrll s haft, the Ct\111 shuft, chnmbor, nnd tlw man oouvru1~ goar can be n•movod fro111 t ho cngwo us a. complete. unit for ill~ t.emperature of 68 deg. Fah. Where necessary, a type were recently installed for auxiliary lighting and cooling water economiser can be provided, which will power service on the motor vef;sel " Penrith Castle." reduce the water consumption by 85 to 90 per cent. 'J'HB Ro TARY Am CoMPRESSOR ('OMI'ANY , LTD. of the quantity not·ma.Uy used. There were several examples of a ne"' rotary oir RELIAN t'~ T ELEPHONE C:OMl'ANY, L TU. compressor on the stand of the Rotar~· Air C:ompressor This company, which is another of the associated Company, L td., of 12, Victorin.-street, \\'estmin,;ter, companies of the General Electric Company, was showing R eliance Auto inter-communication telephones, designed for use on sea. or laud where relio bility and efficiency are essential. These telephones can either be arranged for full inter-communicationi.e., so that every instrument eau call every other i nstrument--or partial inter-communication, certain m strumeuts in this case being barred from calling others. Secret lines, staff calls, and alarm keys can be fitted to all standard models. G.E.0. automatic telephone exchanges were also shown under working conditions. T hey represent the latest development in a.utomatic telephony and are fitted with the same massive switches as those provided on public exchanges s upplied to the Post Office authorities throughout the world. •'tandard features are absolute secrecy ; there can be no listening in or overhearing, instantaneous connections, no operator required, twenty-four-hour service per day, and only eight wit·es pet· instrument a re required. Special FIG. 91 - SECTIONS OF AIR COMPRESSOR- ROTARY AIR COMPRESSOR CO . featw·es can be provided in the way of fire a larm :service, conference lines, executive right of way, staff calls, emergen cy a larms, &c. , 'pecimens of manual one of which was opened out, so that the interior cat·efully balanced, ·w hile t-he opposed arrangement telephone exchanges for u se on ships and a rranged construction could be examined. \ Ve give sectional natw·ally helps matters. Both the cylinders, with so that t,hey can be connected up to the land service views of this compressor in Fig. 91, while the rotor the top half of the crank case, are cast in one piece, whenever a boat i:s in harbour were on view ; also is itlustrated in Fig. 90. so that the whole engine is rigidly connected together. the company\; latest t ype of luminous staff signa lling In general principle, this corn pressor follows the The bridge-like casting, which can be seen above the cquij;>ment, consisting of a mtdtiple pu:sh in each well-known scheme of a rotor, equipped with sliding cylinders, is the exhaust branch and serves the dual pw·pose of distributing cooling water to the cylinders and a wa.te1·-jacketerl exhaust. The d etail pa.rt.s of

'

FIG . 90-

ROTOR

OF

AIR

COMPRESSOR - ROTARY

t·abiu to call the steward or stewardess. \Vhen a vush is operated, it lights the corresponding lamp outside the cabin, and also in the steward's room and the respective corridor, and \Yhen entering the l'oom tho steward ot· s tewardess releases the s ignal. .H usTON .1.N u HoHN. tJY, l.n ·v. A uoloworlh~· oil engine exhibit was that :-;how a on the stand of Ruston and H ornsby, Ltd., of Lincoln, which comprised a. five-cylinder, 165-kW, oil engine driven marine generator set. The oil engine in question was fully described in our issues of .July 1st and :-leptembor 9th, 1927. The tmit has a. designed output of 250 B.H.P. when running at 300 r.p.m., and the hav a bore of 12in. with a stroke of 17 Jin.

AIR

COMPRESSOR

CO .

blades, mounted excentrically in a C) lindrical cusi.ng, but it possesses several qistinctive features. On reference to the sectional clt·a,ving, it will be seen tha.t the air is dra\\-n in at C and is outra}>ped in the crescent-shaped space between the r otor a and the c·asing by the blades b. As the rotor t.mns the spoc9 between the blades gradually contracts, the air is compressed, and is finally delivered at d. The blades, it will be seen, a re set at a slight angle, and this angle, it is claimed, facilitates their free inward and outward movement, as it represents the resultant of their I centrifugal force, and the pressure of the air on their faces. In order to r estrain the blades from bearing hard against the casing, under the influence of centri1 fugal force, and consequently produON!:J, LTD.

Staiu less stool and " Htaybrite" silver steel formed the chief exhibits on the stand of Thos. Firth a nd Som;, L td., , heffield. These steels were shown as applied to a very diverse range of work extending from turbine blading and tho par'ts of aero-engines to draughtsmen's pens and table ware. ,'tainless steel, it may be remarked, is a p lain cheomium steel alloy ; " Staybrite " steel is an austenitic nickel-chromium stool a lloy. It is not to be confused with stainless iron. lt has a yield point of 12 to 15 tons per square inch and a.n elongation of 55 to 70 per cent. It can be welded , soldered, brazed and riveted without trouble, and can be cold pressed to a remarkable degree. As an example of the extent to which the steel can be cold worked an all but complete hollow sphere about 4in. i n diameter was shown. This sphere, we were informed, was drawn or prossed from a single sheet without tho aid of internal for·mors. f:>everal castings in stainless and " Htaybrito" z:;teel were exhibited. These castings devolop their corrosion-resisting properties after' thoy have been de-scaled in a.n acid bath and do not roquiro to bo polished. Stainless steel solid-drawn tubes, stainless steel wire down to onet h ousandth of an inch in diameter, and woven braiding, gauze and expanded metal of stainless steel wore

4

(

•

FI G .

9 6-25 B . H . P . PETROL M A RIN E ENGIN]Z

are three main bearings. The pistons are of cast iron and the connecting-rods of duraluroin with big ends of gun-motal lined with white metal. When the engine is intended to run on petrol a Zenith carburetter is fitted and the mixture is d•·awn through

THORN YC RO FT

blinding of the apertw·es. The intensity of the v ibration can oasily be varied to suit requirements. Tho makers claim that no muchino of the same typo has t\ greato•· capacity per square foot of screen area. By increasing tho intensity of vibration or tho anglo

OcT. 4, 1929

THE

of the screen, the capacity of the machine can be increased. The following conservative figures relate to a 6ft. and 5ft. single screening surface machine, and are based on the a ssumption that the materials are dry and that !)0 per l columns t.his column on August 16Lh . The London and North- to b e used in l ho new Hudson Rivor DridgCI nt Fo1·t L eo. l ~o.stt"rn programme provides for an ex penditur~ of with t.h o board . Thoso liabilitit>s wero taken over. on t.ho c·on. Engine01·-Surveyor-in-Chicf says:- " F rom Lho r oport one solidat.ion of the railwa ys in t.ho Iris h Freo ~)tal Argent.ine. t:l2!J, 155; other rountries in a s pt>c ial house at Garston, n eat· Watford, of an apparatus in • oulh Ame ric·a than the rge nt.in('. £58, 7!l4: , out.h consisting mainly or rec·ording instruments which, reRpond · Africa. £29.096; AttSlralia, £21,536: Straits , ettlementR. ing to variations of a.tmoAphoric t e mpe rature, opora.te £8676 ; and Ceylon. £327!). Dm·ing the samo month t.hc e loc-t.ri c h oo.taland, £15.90 I. the e lectrical cquipmNlt. is r·equired to maintain o.n oven THE Minist.r:v of 'fransport is now t 1m year·s old. Hanrtompt>ro.turo, control b e ing obtained by atmospher ic tioned by the Ministry or Tr·ansport. AC'I, 1919. it t·tlme variations on a l'Oppr 2:3r·d, I !l l 9. That C'VenL remaindor· of Lhe apparat.u s. It is statt' d u.ncl then the wages ngrt.'emcnt of 1\farc·h :lJ,.t. 1919. that that. was opoiwcl tht' boLLom clrain. fo1·getLing that tlw top Va! mrn were Ra t iRfid, as thisltuge ly di~c~appcat·Nltli! Roon as t}l(l vtwuum wa~; relie v e d tht'Y a.re to-d ay, with sel"l ionnl eourwils nnd t ht' ( 'put t•u l and was (~Ill irt' ly r·nt' rc>r trrd by the Chilean Covemment. lt is proposed, b y conf!t.ruc·t ing dams and canals, to maldl"ic· t r·ac-tion snd Ph'>~ to lli!l:!iRt. in maki11g t ht' obset'\'1\l oa ~ 11 C"enlrt' of infm·mAtion about thARJS: \V. H. Rmi th nml fion. 2 ·~8 . Hul' d!' Hivoli manent. They centre largei.Y arou n d the reversing QERMANY .. BERLIN - LtCBTER~'£LDE- W EST : H. H er of the motion of t he vessel, a man:IP:GIO: K. W. Hier aemann, Konigstrasse 29 " Graf Zeppelin '' and other air~hips the engines HoTTERDA~t : R ect or's B oekhnnd el, No ord HOLLAND • • themselves a re reversible. rn th e R 101 it wa s ble.n.k 69 • Fl. 41 · 00 H.OTTERDAM: T echn . 'Bookhanclel , "J>lc.n C," t Fl. 38 · 00 the original intention to ru n all fi ve ngines conGeldor sohestrant 4 stantly in one direction a nd to fit them with OO'rORRll 4 , 192n. BOMBAY : Thacker and Co. , L td. INDIA •• •• revrrRible propcllerl'l. A ~~tti sfaetory form of 0ALCOTTA : Thi\Oker , Spink and 0o. • Re. 45 reversing boss for the blades was produced , hut t Re. 42 ITALY .. . . l't1IL.AN : U lrico Hoepli it was found that the blades, of sheet steel and His M ajesty's Airship R 101. R oME : Mnglioni and Strini, 307, Corso • Lire 300 hollow, crack ed under the torsional stresses thrown RoME: Fratelli Treves, Cor so Umberto 1, 174 t Lire 280 ['I'hc daily Prl'.v.q 1's iuvited to give lhf' .~ame pub/!icity RoME : F ratelli B occa to the remar!.·:J made in the follou:ing article as 1't gave, on them by the " T ornado " engines. W ooden TuniN : Rosenberg o.nd Sellier, v. 'Maria w111olicited, to a paragra ph in our i.ssue of September 20th. blades were t herefore substituted ; hut, because Vittoria 18, nnd tnei r Bro.nches nt Japles It will be c.~teemed a cottrtr.qy if the whole of thr articlr ?11 it was fonncl impossible to secm e these blades satisnod Rome repro(htced, and ?J any adrl ition.q or commentN 1ch if'/1 moy factorily in t he reversi ng bosses, the propo!'!al to JAPAN . . .. l\faruzen Co. All B ra n ches be mrulc to or on it are rlRarly .'tl'poratedfrom it.] • £3 7s. 6d. use reversing blades had to b e abandoned until t £3 3s. Od. H1s M A.JESTY 's airship R 10 1 is a huge, a some other form of blade could h e evolved . K JNOSTON : Educntionnl Supply Co. JAl't1A I CA courageous and , it is certain, an expensive experi· ActuaUy exp eriments are now in p rogress with • £3 78. 6d. t £3 38. Od. ment, but first and last and always an exp eriment . blades of solid light alloy which may enable the NEW ZEALA ND AuCKLAND: Whitcomb e and Tombs, L td. Nhe is experim en tal as regards her const r uction original proposal to be carried ont. Meanwhile • £3 7s. 6d. [lt'M'crew boss, n:nd th~s laid down at Washington. over. It was well known how in theory and on paper feature must not be overlooked in a thorou~h mvest•· After sevt'n year·s' clo~e ::~tudy of the subject he it was po sible to ~et out the perfect design; but, gation of the efficiency of the screw prop.eller. \Vould agreed with the autho1· that with in. ~tns and a very alas, it was also known that in pt·actice that could not it be possible, he suggested, so to adjust the con· high speed no more than about 2000 tons coulu b e be clone. What had to be done was to get the best clitio11s· of the surrounding medium as_ to reduce ~ho devoted to pl'otection. I£ the speed we•·e to b e con· out of tho two. The " line officer" must be con - density of the water in the re~ion of mmor propellmg siderably t•odnC'ed as well as the machinery weight., it sidered because in pmct i~. M wo k now, o. forward to get. clown to t.he propeller. The fastest. b oats m stmcture filled with material which, acc·ording to the sucLio n . Tho point>< of gTOat!'Rt fall of preRsure are doubtles~ most optimistic expectations, would exclude water nt tlw for r educed friction cau~ed by p•·opeller· ~haft in o•·de•· to lubricate the blades. Sit· in a battle-c·ruiser. He agreed 'vith the author that gascou.~ bubbles and tho lo~rlb. :!:!:J· I T ar, 220·6 lb., at 16,990 H.Th.U. per lb... . . :n·G Cas, 3076 cubic !eo~. l~t 936 · 4 B .'l'h.U. per cubi c foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :10. 5 ::lolids, 22 lb., at 16,000 H .'l' h .U. [ll'l' lb. .. :1 . 5 J .ossoR, G· 3 p or ccnL. . . . . . . . . . . 19 · 9 314·5

The l:>a lermo un it erected at t ho Fulham works of t he Gas Light and Coke C:ompany was one of t he first construc ted, and the results obtained from it and other larger units have provided d a ta which have led to an improved design. A tmit is now under construe· t.ion embodying a ll these improvements . The chief feature~; o f the new design are that individual gas bw·ners are provided for each t rough in the furnace, so t.hat the tempe1·atu1·e control is m ore efficient and the metal o f the troughs is p t·otect ed from oxidation by a refractory covering which possesses high heat con· ductivity . The car·bonising chamber a nd the drie1· in the improved design a r·o sep arate nnits, and a turntable type of seal has been provid ed for withdrawal of the carbonised fuel. The remova l of the dust from the gaseous products is carried out in a new type of dust extractor, in which a n ovel application of baffle plates is employed. Tho a rrangements made for feed ing the coal into the r·et01·t have been modified so as to a llow the amount to be checked by an automat ic weighing machine, and to provide for an improved CNn mo~:~t plattsiblo as rept'OKnt and nmmumtmn Wll hou.L armou•· . ..

.

I .ight.

1•'ucl

ui~ph~CC'Il1('11L

.. ..

• • •• ••

En,:(., 2

J!)()l,

Xoo '1'111> ENol' 1:1~11, Jl\llut•ry lllh , lU:!ll. - Bu. Tau~ J•;,

•

3.70(1 2, 70() 480

I:JU

.. • •

~u!Iolk. ''

iJ ,4.00 :!,0011

·lOO

1,15ll

• • • •

4311 1.0:10

J '700

• •

J ,OUO

1n, 160

• •

Hl.lrotected guns are preferable Lo a. greater number of luaprotcct~d guns tmder conditions of su~ta.i.ned fighting, lt. u; proposed to reduco the numbor o£ Sin. guns to six, ca.nicd in t.wo armoured triple t.urrets, p laced ono forward and ono aft.. Leaving tho auti-a.ircraft. battery t.he same o.s in the t.roaty cruisers, wo retkon a saving on gw1s wtd mounts with a.mmwlit.ion but without armour of 275 tonH to 550 tons, as compt\t·ed wit.h t.his weight group in t.rot•t.y t'Ul\I'Y 7th, 19:?0, pt~gll li 1.

' .\pril, l929, pllgo 185.

I

368

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THE

llw bet'~ ll\l'thod of ut.tu.ck i~ to overwhelm the enomy at. once w1th t\ do~t rua.me chrutcos. , uceess then come;; to dcpe~d on thruwe u.nd on exceptional cirt'i
369

ENGINEER

Ssing on to the consumer t he additions to the cost of product ion. Orders for small tonnages of Crown iron reach the makers week by week, but there is almost an entire absence of bulk buying. Competition remains very keen, makers in outside districts quoting fully 10s. per ton below Staf. fordshire makers' prices, which vary from £10 to £10 5s. Trade in this department is better at date than it was some months back, but it is far from good yet. I n t ha,t branch of the trade dealing with nut a.nd bolt and fencing ba.rs, there is little life. Belgian material at about £6 15s. per ton sells freely, Black CoWltry manufacturers being unprepared to pa.y £9 per ton, the price asked by maker s of Staffordshire bars, suitable for nut and bolt production. Large tonnages of foreign iron realoy, Sheffield, have secured, in the face of keen competition, an order for a large rotary kiln and combination mill , !ogethel' with sundry a.uxiliat·y equipment, in connection with t he extension of an existing cement works in Australia. Messrs. Allen have already supplied a. great amount of cementmaking machinery to t hat continen t. Sheffield and Mr. J . H . Thomas. Sheffield and district wa.s well represented on a. deputation from the National Federation of Iron and Steel ManufactU!'ers, which waited upon Mr. J. H . Thomas,

ton c.i.f. Tees. The situation as r egards b last-furnace coke is perturbing. Apprehension is felt t hat forthcoming enlargement of production will b e inadequate to meet expected n eeds, and prices show a. further upward tenden cy. Good average qualities are 23s. 6d . delivered to NorthEast Coast works. Manufactured Iron and Steel.

The position in the manufactured iron and steel trade continues satisfactory. Manufactured iron firms have a. lot of work on hand and are booking a. few orders. Demand for semi-finished steel is affected b y increased continental competition, but producers in this district have good contracts to run off, and prices have not weakened. F inished steel sales are irregular, but customers are taking up large quantities against purchases. Home requirements a. re heavy, and some improvement in deliver ies to firms overseas is r eported. Specifications for shipbuild. Cutlery and Plate. ing requisites for North -East Coast yards continue to While there are many romplaints from firms come forward fairly freely. All steel prices a re firml y engaged in the cutlery and plate trades that business is maintained. not up to normal and working is unremunerative, there are others who report good order books. There are signs that Still Short of Minimum. business generally is expanding, and an increased volume Coal wages ascertainment figures for Northumberof trade this month is confidently looked for. T ravellers who are now out seeking winter orders report a slow land and D urham show that the economic yield of coal is demand from shopkeepers, which is in line with recent still far short of the minimum p er centage on basis r ates. expe1·ience, as the ordinary counter trade in cutlery T he ascertainment for Northumberland shows that the and p late has been decreasing for several years. There are, economic wage for October is 28 · 34 per cent. on b asis however, good demands from other sources. Good orders rates, against the September figure of 25 · 93 per cent., are on hand for the equipment of steamships and an increase of 2 · 41 per cent. The county minimum is restaurants. The t rade in sa.fet.y razor blades continues 40 per cent., so that the deficiency is approximately 12 per to grow. cent. The Dtuha.m ascertainment on basis rates is 46 · 42 per cent., as against 48 · 79 per cen t. The Durham county minimum is 65 per cent. Goole Dock Improvements.

SHEFFIELD. (From our own Corr68pondent.)

OcT. 4, 1929

The Coal Trade. The schedules are now in the hands of the coal· owners of Nor thumberla nd and Durham respecting the marketing schemes which are to come into operation in the two counties on January 1st. The completed schemes for the various coalfields of the country h ave to be in the hands of the Mines Department by October 15th. They have not reached th at advanced stage yet--at least not in the Northern area.. There r emain to be settled the awkwa.rrl questions of t he classification of coal, minimum prices, and the quotas of production. There is t hus a lot to do in a short time, and at the best it is an uninviting task, as most of the coa.lowners would doubtless be glad if t hey could be relieved of the responsibility of framing these marketing schemes, which are fraught wit.h so many difficulties. There is an absence of any particular animation in the Northern coal market so far as fresh business is concerned. The want of activity in the Northumberla.nd section can b e ascribod to the scarcity of supplies owing to heavy bookings, but elsewhere it is due for t he most part to small demands. Despite an increased supply of boats, the D urham market continues on quiet lines, and coal is available in good volltrne at prices ca.l9ulated to attract buyers. Apparently, however, prompt cargoes are not being sought to any appreciable extent. Current values are considerably under those ruJjng early in September, and they may not remain low for long. As against low prices for Durham coals, h owever , freight rates for the short trades are rather Jiigh, so that in c.i.f. business shippers do not find it a. very profitable market. Tho Nor thumbeda.nd steam coal trade is well sustained ; there is a market for all the present output, and t he out look to the end of the year is decidedly bright. Prices rule firm. but are unchanged from last week at 16s. for best qualities, with T yne primes at 15s. 6d. and second steams 14s. 9d. R ecent values rule for a.ll Durham coals, and the trade is not too certain. Coking coals meet only a. small demand, and there are substantial prompt supplies at from 14s. 6d. to 15s. 6d. Bunkers are another dull feat.me and best and superior grades r emain at 15s. to 15s. 6d . with ordinary sorts a.t 14s. 6d. to 14s . 9d. New business in coke is of necessity very limited in view of the well-filled order books. P ressure for early supplies is now very keen. Gas coke has advanced to 23s. 6d. , and in some instances up to 24s. is named. Ordinary foundry coke is strongly held at 24s. 6d. to 25s., and special makes are 28s. to 32s. 6d. H ome requirements of patent foundry coke are responsible for a large trade, and it is not easy to get this kind of fuel for export.

SCOTLAND. (From our own Corrupondent.)

Shipbuilding.

THERE was a decided falling off in the returns for September from the Clyde shipyards compar ed with the preceding month this year, the total only amounting to ten vessels of 27,968 tons aggregate. The returns were chiefly made up of cargo vessels, the largest of which was the " D ominion De L arrina.ga.," 5200 tons, built for La.rrinaga and Co., L td., L iverpool. T he aggregate retul'Os for this year to date amount to 160 vessels of 401 ,101 tons aggre~ate, compared with 160 vessels of 485,823 tons aggregate in the same period last year. A fair number of inquiries for vessels of all sizes are reported which, if they materialise, will improve the outlook for the winter months, which at present is not favourable. F ew contracts wer e reported The price of East Coast hematite pig iron con. during September, the only item of note being a.n order fo1· tinues to stiffen, but the upward movement is too slow to two twin-screw motor ships of 9000 tons each for t h e New satisfy it·onmasters, who declare that the prices obtainable Zealand Shipping Company. L onrlon. still entail a loss of several shillings per ton. H ome and continental consumers are prepared to place orders at Steel. about cmTent rates mentioned, but it is doubtful whethet· they will follow a further advance. Ordinary qualities are Conditions in tho titeel t rade have not ma.tet·iaUy in the neighbourhood of 76s. 6d., and No. 1 quality is at a. changed during the past week. Plants are comparatively well employed, but the state of the inquiry is not such as premium of 6d. per ton. to inspire confidence in the future. The output of heavy steel is good at the moment, but producers are not able to Ironmaking Materials. see very far ahead, fresh specifications being sc1u·ce. Thert~ Good supplies of foreign ore are coming forwa.t·d is a. good demand for material for locomotives and rolling under running contracts, but new business is quiet. stock, and also for structural steel, but plates and sections Nominally pl'iros aro based on b est Rubio at 24s . 6d. p l\r are not heavily committed. Steel sheets are improving,

• •

•I

OcT. 4, 1929

I

''

•

THE

ENGINEER

371

owing to bett.or home demands, and an opening up agaiJ'lSL 7id. per t.on. The Gt·e at WeRtem Railway Com- Rosolven to P ontardaw(l, an area of approximately 30 of East.ern markets. 'J'he position with regard to the pany's sc·ale of J'ebat.es came inLo force as from the lst s quare mi leA. tube t.l'ade is regarded as Aatisfactory, though overseas inst., whilo Lhe altemtions under the Order of the Minis try inquiries could be improved. In spite of recent sugges- of TranApot·t applie d as from tho 2nd inst,. • Inland Coal Trade. tions, no c hanp;o hns yot boon made in tho Stcolmakors' At a. r ec:ent.. nwl')ting of cou.l merc· hant~; at Cardiff Assor iation pt·ic·cs. Ebbw Vale Works to Close. it wal'! d ec·ided to form a fede n~tion to protect t..heir H h ad b een realised for a c:onsitkrablo timo pa.st. inte r est.s. The association iA to bo t"allod the South WaleR Iron. t.lmt tho iron and s t ool industr y was experiencing t.ho and Monmouths hire Coal MMchants' l •'ccle rat.ion, and it 'fho bar iroulmdc i;; vNy quiet, and lud