Physics of X‐ray radiation  production and transport.  Simulating photons and waves  from the X‐ray sources to the  samples Manuel Sánchez del Río AAM, ISDD, ESRF

Outline • Evolution of x‐ray science  • Sources: single particles (easy) and sets  of particles (bunches, materials…)  • Optics: why X‐ray optics is different?  Concepts – Calculations  • Example: ID20 (UPBL6) • Next generation of simulation tools 

At the beginning  • Röntgen 1895  • Revolutionary rays

X‐rays are “only” light (optics)

But also “particles” (photons)

“I could have done it in a much more complicated way" said the red Queen, immensely proud. Lewis Carroll

“What I cannot create, I do not understand.” “I calculate everything myself.” If you cannot calculate… Just simulate it! It may be a good starting point.

Light (EM radiation) emission by moving e‐

E0=40 keV E0=31 keV E0=20 keV eE0

E0

E’=8 keV E’=19 keV

E0=20 keV

γ=

E 6 GeV = ≈ 12000 2 me c 0.511 MeV

Schott’s formula (1912) ∞

∞

π

n =1

n =1

0

P = ∑ ∫ d Ω( Pσ + Pπ ) = e 2ω02 ∑ v 2 ∫ dθ sin θ ⎡⎣ν 2 J n'2 (ξ ) + cot 2 θ J n2 (ξ ) ⎤⎦

2 e2v 4 P(n = 1) = 3 c3 R 2 This formula is valid for all values of the velocity v. • In the non-relativistic limit, v