Performance Evaluation. Testing & Evaluation. The Process. Requirements of the Test
Performance Evaluation
Testing & Evaluation
The Process • Selection of Characteristics (Individual & Sport Specific) • Selection of appropriate meth...
The Process • Selection of Characteristics (Individual & Sport Specific) • Selection of appropriate method of measuring • Collection of Data • Analysis of Data • Making of Decisions • Implementation of Decisions • Reevaluation
• Collection of data used to evaluate performance and a basis for exercise prescription.
Requirements of the Test • In constructing tests it is important to make sure that they really measure the factors required to be tested, and are thus objective rather than subjective. In doing so all tests should therefore be specific (designed to assess an athlete's fitness for the activity in question), valid (test what they intend to test), reliable (capable of consistent repetition) and objective (produce a consistent result irrespective of the tester).
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Testing Considerations • • • •
Tests should measure 1 factor Easy to perform (not skill related) Easy to Understand Standardized – Administration – Organization – Environmental
Benefits • • • • • •
Predict future performance Indicate Weakness Measure improvement Assessment of training program Able to specify an Athletes needs Motivation
Tests additionally break up, and add variety to, the training program. They can be used to satisfy the athlete's competitive urge out of season. Since they demand maximum effort of the athlete, they are useful at times as a training unit in their own right.
Maximal Tests • Maximal means the athlete works at maximum effort or tested to exhaustion.
Submaximal Tests • Submaximal means the athlete works below maximum effort. In sub maximal tests, extrapolation is used to estimate maximum capacity.
40yd sprint Wingate 30 second cycle ergometer test Examples of maximal aerobic tests are: Multistage Fitness Test Cooper Test
• Examples of submaximal aerobic test are: – PWC 170 test – Queen College step test
• Disadvantages of submaximal tests are: • Disadvantages of maximal tests are: – difficulty in ensuring the subject is exerting maximum effort – possible dangers of over exertion and injury
– depend on extrapolation being made to unknown maximum – small measurement inaccuracies can result in large discrepancies as a result of the extrapolation
2.4km Run Test Astrand Treadmill test - VO2max test running on a treadmill Astrand 6 minute Cycle test - Vo2 max test on a static bike Balke VO2max test - suitable for endurance sports Balke Incremental treadmill protocol test- VO2max test on a treadmill (male and female tests) Bruce Incremental treadmill protocol test- VO2max test on a treadmill (male and female tests) Cooper VO2max test - suitable for endurance sports Conconi test Critical Swim Speed - measure of a swimmers aerobic capacity Home Step Test - a step test you can conduct at home Harvard Step Test - measure of cardiovascular fitness Multistage Fitness Test or Bleep test - VO2 max test for endurance sports Queens College Step Test - VO2 max test Rockport Fitness walking test - VO2 max test Tecumseh Step Test - measure of cardiovascular fitness Treadmill VO2max test - VO2 max test VO2max from non-exercise data - VO2 max test VO2max from a one mile jog VO2max from a race result (time for a distance) VO2max Step Test Wheelchair VO2max Test
Agility • • • • • • • •
505 Agility Test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement Hexagonal Obstacle Agility Test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement Illinois agility run test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement Lateral Change of Direction test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement Quick Feet test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement Shuttle Run Test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement 'T' Drill test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement Zig-Zag Test - suitable for sports with multidirectional movement
Anaerobic Endurance • RAST - Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test
Body Composition • Body Fat Percentage • Body Mass Index (BMI)
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Flexibility & Balance • Hip Flexion Test • Modified Sit and Reach Test - lower back and hamstring test • Sit and Reach test - lower back and hamstring test • Standing Stork Test - balance test • Standing Stork Test Blind- balance test • Static Flexibility Test - Ankle • Static Flexibility Test - Hip & Trunk • Static Flexibility Test - Shoulder & Wrist • Static Flexibility Test - Trunk & Neck • Static Flexibility Test - Shoulder • Trunk Flexion Test
10 stride test for 100m and 200m athletes 30 metre acceleration test for 100m and 200m athletes 30 metre Sprint Fatigue - Power Maintenance Test 35 metre Sprint Speed Test 40 metre multiple Sprint Test 40 yard Sprint Speed Test- predict an athlete's 400 metre time 60 metre speed test for 100m and 200m athletes 150 metre Endurance test for 100m athletes 250 metre Endurance test for 200m athletes 300 yard shuttle test - suitable for football, rugby, hockey, basketball, squash 400 metre Drop off test for 100m and 200m athletes 400 metre Control tests for 400m athletes Concept 2 Rowing Step test - Monitor anaerobic threshold Flying 30 metre speed test for 100m and 200m athletes LAS (Lactic vs Speed ) test for 400m athletes Margaria Kalamen Power Test PWC-170 test- predicts power output at a heart rate of 170 bpm Wingate ANaerobic 30 cycle test- Cycling based Anaerobic test
Biceps Curl Test Burpee Test Canadian Crunch Test Chin up Test - Arm and shoulder muscular endurance Dynamic Knee Extension Test - Knee extensor muscles Flexed Arm-Hang Test Sit Ups test - Abdominal curl strength Curl-Up test - Abdominal muscle endurance Grip Strength - Grip strength with a Dynamometer Overhead Press Test - Elbow extensors and superior shoulder girdle muscles Press Up test - Upper body muscle endurance Strength test - upper body - Bench Press Strength test - lower body - Leg Press Squats Test Wall Squat Test - Quadriceps strength endurance
• Position Drills • Physical Measurement • Woderlic Test • Bilateral Cybex • Injury Eval • Urine Test
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Our Combine • • • • • • •
Add Additional Tests As Needed 40 yd Dash 20 yd Shuttle Vertical Jump Standing Broad Jump Body Composition Bench Press
40 yd Dash • he 40 yard dash is a test of speed and explosion. The player starts from a threepoint stance and runs 40 yards as fast as possible. The player is timed in 10, 20 and 40 yard increments, to gauge the player’s explosion of the line and time to top speed.
20 yd Shuttle
Vertical Jump
• The 20 yard shuttle test lateral speed and coordination. The player starts in a three point stance, straddling a yard line facing the sideline. When the whistle blows, the player runs 5 yards to one side, touching the yard line. He then sprints 10 yards in the other direction and again touches the yard line, at which point he sprints back to the yard line he started from.
• To measure vertical jump, a player stands flatfooted in front of pole with a multitude of plastic flags sticking out. The bottom of the pole is adjusted to the height of the player’s fingertips when raised straight above his head. The player then jumps from a standing position, and tries to swat as many of the plastic flags as he can. The flags, staged every half inch on the pole, rotate and give the event judge a reading of the height the player jumped.
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Broad Jump • The broad jump is also done from a standing position, but this drill measures how far a player can jump. This drill is most important to positions that use lower body strength to gain an advantage (i.e. offensive and defensive linemen and running backs). The length of the jump is measured from the starting point to the back of the heel closest to the starting point upon landing.
Body Comp • Skin folds – See book p. 302
Bench Press • 1 RM or Estimated Max – 1 RM Equation • Weight lifted X .03 = A • A X # of reps = B • B + Weight lifted = Estimated Max
