Perangkat Lunak Dr. Mohammad Iqbal

FIRST COURSE

Kategori Perangkat Lunak

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Computer Software System software System Management Programs

System Support Programs

- Operating Systems - System Utilities - Operating - Performance environments Monitors - Database - Security monitors Management System - Telecommunications monitors

Application Software System Development Program

Programs General Purpose Application

- Programming Language translators - Programming environments - CASE packages

- Word Processing - Spreadsheets - Database Managers - Telecommunications - Graphics - Integrated Packages

Application-specific Programs

- Accounting - Marketing , Sales analysis - Manufacturing - Production Control - Finance Capital Budgeting ,...

Sekilas pandang Perangkat Lunak

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• Computer programs: sequences of  instructions for the computer • Documentation: describes program functions  • Software – system software and application  software

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Mendukung Individual, Group dan OrganisasiXP • Organisation – people, workgroup, enterprise – supported with software and IS • Organisation needs to classify the software and IS uses  to increase productivity – need to identify the scope of  problems and opportunities • Sphere of influence: the scope of problems and  opportunities addressed by a particular organisation • For most companies, the spheres of influence are  personal, workgroup, and enterprise

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Mendukung Individual, Group dan OrganisasiXP

Software Supporting Individuals, Workgroups, and Enterprises

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Instal dan Remove Software Komputer

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• Before you can use software, it must be installed on a  computer • Software for personal computers typically comes on  CDs or is downloaded from the Web • Most operating systems have an add/remove  program feature for removing software – Does not work with all software – Does not always remove all elements of the software

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PERANGKAT LUNAK SISTEM

Perangkat Lunak Sistem

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• Systems software – Controls operations of computer hardware – Supports application programs’ problem‐solving  capabilities

• Types of systems software – Operating systems – Utility programs – Middleware

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Perangkat Lunak Sistem

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• System software  manages the  fundamental operations  of your computer – Operating system • System resource • Multitasking

– Utilities – Programming Languages

Matrikulasi MMSI – Universitas Gunadarma 2013

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Perangkat Lunak Sistem : 1. SO

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• Operating system (OS): set of programs that controls  the computer hardware and acts as an interface with  application programs • Kernel: ties all components of the OS together and  regulates other programs • Various combinations of OSs, computers, and users – – – –

Single computer with a single user Single computer with multiple users Multiple computers Special‐purpose computers

Matrikulasi MMSI – Universitas Gunadarma 2013

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Sistem Operasi (SO)

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What is an operating system? • A type of system software • Contains instructions that coordinate all the activities among  computer hardware devices

Start the computer and the operating system (usually found on the computer’s hard disk drive) is loaded, or copied into memory

The operating system tells the computer how to perform functions

While the computer is running, the operating system remains in memory until power is removed from the computer

Sistem Operasi (SO)

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• Activities performed by the operating system – – – – – – – –

Perform common computer hardware functions Provide a user interface and input/output management Provide a degree of hardware independence Manage system memory Manage processing tasks Provide networking capability Control access to system resources Manage files

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Sistem Operasi (Lanjutan)

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The role of Systems Software –interface between users, application software and hardware

The Role of Systems Software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Sistem Operasi (Lanjutan)

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• OS acts as an intermediary between application  and hardware • OS converts basic request into a set of details  instruction that the hardware requires • Common hardware functions (e.g.) – Get input from keyboard or some other input device – Retrieve data from disks – Store data on disks – Display information on a monitor or printer Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Fungsi OS

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1. User interface and input/output management – User interface: allows individuals to access and  command the computer system – Command‐based user interface: requires that text  commands be given to the computer to perform  basic activities – Graphical user interface (GUI): uses icons and menus  displayed on screen to send commands to the  computer system

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Fungsi OS (Lanjutan)

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2. Hardware independence – Application program interface (API): allows  applications to make use of the operating system

3. Memory management – Control how memory is accessed and maximize  available memory and storage

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Fungsi OS (Lanjutan)

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Figure 4.6: Application Program Interface Links Application Software to the Operating System Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Fungsi OS (Lanjutan)

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4. Processing tasks – Multitasking: more than one program can run at the  same time – Time‐sharing: allows more than one person to use a  computer system at the same time – Scalability: ability of the computer to handle an  increasing number of concurrent users smoothly

5. Networking capability – Features and capabilities of the OS that aid users in  connecting to a computer network Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Fungsi OS (Lanjutan)

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6. Access to system resources and security – Protection against unauthorized access – Logins and passwords

7. File management – Ensures that files in secondary storage are available  when needed and that they are protected from  access by unauthorized users

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OS Terkini

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Table 4.2: Popular Operating Systems Cross All Three Spheres of Influence Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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OS Terkini (Lanjutan)

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• Microsoft PC operating systems – PC‐DOS and MS‐DOS: early, command‐driven OSs – Windows XP: greatly improved stability and security  over previous versions of Windows – Windows XP N: for European market – Windows XP Professional X64: for computers with  newer 64‐bit capabilities – Windows XP Media Center Edition: incorporates  additional multimedia features – Vista, 7, 8 : latest version of Windows Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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OS Terkini (Lanjutan)

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• Apple operating systems – Often provide cutting edge tools in graphics and  music not available from Microsoft – Mac OS X • Jaguar (OS X.2) • Panther (OS X.3) • Tiger (OS X.4): support for 64‐bit computing, Dashboard,  Spotlight, etc.

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OS Terkini (Lanjutan)

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• Linux – Developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991 – Open‐source product – Only the kernel of an OS – Several distributions available with  capabilities/applications that form a complete OS • Examples: Red Hat Linux, Caldera OpenLinux

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Workgroup Operating Systems • • • • •

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Windows Server UNIX NetWare Red Hat Linux Mac OS X Server

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Enterprise Operating Systems • • • •

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z/OS MPE/iX HP‐UX Linux

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OS untuk Komputer kecil, Embedded  XP Computer, dan Special‐Purpose Devices • • • • • •

Palm OS Windows Embedded Windows Mobile Android IOS Hardware‐based OS

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XP Perangkat Lunak Sistem : 2.Program Utilitas

• Help to perform maintenance or correct  problems with a computer sistem • Common types of utility programs: – Hardware utilities – Virus‐detection and recovery utilities – File‐compression utilities – Spam and pop‐up blocker utilities

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Program Utilitas (Lanjutan) What is a utility program? • Also called a utility • A type of system  software that performs a  specific task • Usually related to  managing a computer, its  devices, or its programs

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Program Utilitas (Lanjutan)

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• Network and Internet utilities • Server and mainframe utilities • Other utilities – Manages and protects corporate documents – Helps people with visual disabilities use the Internet – Monitors employees – Searches for files and documents 

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Program Utilitas (Lanjutan) What is an antivirus program? • A utility that prevents, detects, and removes viruses from a  computer’s memory or storage devices • A virus is a program that copies itself into other programs and spreads through multiple computers • Some viruses destroy or corrupt data

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Perangkat Lunak Sistem

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• Sistem Program Development First Generation

Second Generation

Third Fourth Fifth Generation Generation Generation?

Trend: Toward Conversational Natural Programming Languages. User-Written programs

Software Machine Trends language

Database Management Systems

Packaged programs

Operating systems

Symbolic languages

High-level languages 4GL Microcomputer Packages

Trend: Toward Easy-to-Use Multipurpose Application Packages.

Natural Languages Multipurpose GUI Expert

Bahasa Pemrograman

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• Sets of keywords, symbols, and a system of rules  for constructing statements by which humans  can communicate instructions to be executed by  a computer • Different languages have different characteristics • Syntax: a set of rules associated with a  programming language

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman

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Table 4.9: The Evolution of Programming Languages Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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XP Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman(lanjutan)

• Visual, object‐oriented, and artificial intelligence  languages are easier for nonprogrammers to use than  older generation languages • Visual languages use a graphical or visual interface for  program development • Object‐oriented programming languages are based on  objects • Compiler: a special software program that converts  programmer’s source code into machine‐language  instructions consisting of binary digits Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman (lanjutan)XP

Figure 4.21: Reusable Code in Object-Oriented Programming Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman(lanjutan)XP

Figure 4.23: How a Compiler Works Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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PERANGKAT LUNAK APLIKASI

Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

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• Application software: helps users solve  particular problems • In most cases, application software resides on  the computer’s hard disk • Application software can also be stored on CDs,  DVDs, and flash or keychain storage devices – portable software

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Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

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• Primary function is to apply the power of the  computer to give individuals, workgroups, and  the entire enterprise the ability to solve  problems and perform specific tasks • Application programs interact with systems  software; systems software then directs  computer hardware to perform the necessary  tasks

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Sekilas Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

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• Proprietary software: one‐of‐a‐kind program for  a specific application, usually developed and  owned by a single company • Off‐the‐shelf software: existing software  program that is purchased

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Sekilas Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

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Types of Application Software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Sekilas Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

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Table : A Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Sekilas Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

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Table : A Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software (continued) Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Personal Application Software

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• Serves the needs of an individual user • Includes personal productivity software – Enables users to improve their personal effectiveness

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Personal Application Software

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Table : Examples of Personal Productivity Software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Personal Application Software

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Table : Examples of Personal Productivity Software (continued) Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Personal Application Software

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• Software suite: collection of single application  programs packaged in a bundle – Microsoft Office: most popular general‐purpose  software suite – Other general‐purpose software suites: Corel’s  WordPerfect Office, Lotus SmartSuite, Sun  Microsystems’s StarOffice

• Integrated application packages: offer a range of  capabilities for less money than software suites – Example: Microsoft Works Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Personal Application Software What is a software package? • A specific  software product,  such as Microsoft  Word • Available through  retail, shareware,  freeware, and  public‐domain

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Personal Application Software

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Table : Major Components of Leading Software Suites

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Workgroup Application Software

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• Workgroup application software: support  teamwork, whether people are in the same  location or dispersed around the world • Groupware: software that helps groups of  people work together more efficiently and  effectively

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Workgroup Application Software 

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Table : Ernst & Young’s “Three Cs” Rule for Groupware Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Enterprise Application Software

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• Software that benefits an entire organization • Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software: set  of integrated programs that manage a  company’s vital business operations for an entire  multisite, global organization

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Enterprise Application Software

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Table 4.8: Examples of Enterprise Application Software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Application Software for Information,  Decision Support, and Specialized Purposes

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• Specialized application software for information,  decision support, and other purposes is available  in every industry • Examples – Genetic researchers use software to visualize and  analyze the human genome – Music executives use decision support software to  help pick the next hit  – Decision support software is used to increase the  cure rate for cancer Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Software Issues and Trends

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• Because software is such an important part of  today’s computer systems, software issues have  received increased attention • Major software issues and trends discussed in  the text – Software bugs, copyright, software licensing, open‐ source software, shareware and public domain  software, multiorganizational software development,  software upgrades, and global software support Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Software Bugs

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• Software bug: defect in a computer program  that keeps it from performing as it is designed to  perform • Tips for reducing impact of software bugs – Register all software so that you can receive bug  alerts, fixes, and patches – Check the manual or read‐me files for work‐arounds – Access support area of the manufacturer’s Web site  for patches – Install the latest software updates Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Copyrights and Licenses

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• Most software products are protected by law  using copyright or licensing provisions – In some cases, you are given unlimited use of  software on one or two computers – In other cases, you pay for your usage—if you use the  software more, you pay more

• Some software now requires that you register or  activate it before it can be fully used

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Open‐Source Software

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• Open‐source software: software freely available  to anyone in a form that can be easily modified • Some widely used open‐source software  packages: Linux OS, Free BSD, Apache, Sendmail,  Perl • Open‐source software is often more reliable and  secure than commercial software • Open‐source systems can contain hidden costs,  particularly for user support or solving problems  with the software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Open‐Source Software (continued)

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Table 4.10: Examples of Open-Source Software Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Shareware, Freeware, and Public  Domain Software

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• Shareware and freeware: software that is very  inexpensive or free, but whose source code  cannot be modified • Public domain software: shareware and  freeware that is in the public domain

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Software Upgrades

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• Software companies revise their programs and  sell new versions periodically • Revised software may or may not offer any  major additional capabilities • Revised software can contain bugs or errors • Software upgrades usually cost much less than  the original purchase price

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Global Software Support

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• Vendors face the challenge of providing  adequate support for their software customers  in all locations of the world • Trend of outsourcing global support to one or  more third‐party distributors

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FUNGSIONALITAS PERANGKAT LUNAK

Fungsionalitas Perangkat Lunak

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Application software Principal Productivity software Developing a document Graphics and multimedia software Software for home, personal, and educational  use • Software for communications • Applications on the Web • Learning aids and support tools within an  application

• • • • •

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi • Programs that  perform specific  tasks for users • Also called a  software  application or an  application • Several reasons  to use application  software Æ

To assist with graphics and multimedia projects

To facilitate communications

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As a productivity/ business tool

To support household activities, for personal business, or for education

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan) What are the categories of application software?

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Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)

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What is a user interface? • Controls how you enter data or instructions and how  information displays on the screen •

Next p. 3.4

A graphical user interface (GUI) combines text, graphics, and other visual images to make software easier to use

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)

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What is the desktop? • On‐screen  work area that  can display  graphical  elements – Icons – Buttons – Windows – Menus – Links – Dialog   boxes

Pointer Small symbol on the screen To click an object, you move the pointer to the object and then press and release a button on the mouse Icons Small images that display to represent a program, a document, or some other object Buttons Graphical elements that you can activate to cause a specific action to take place

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)

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What is a menu?

• •

•

A menu contains commands you can select

A command is an instruction that causes a computer program to perform a specific action A submenu is a menu that displays when you point to a command on a previous menu Start button

Start menu

Programs submenu

Accessories submenu

command

Paint program command

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How can you start an application?

• Click its program name on a menu or submenu

•

•

Instructs the operating system to start the application Transfers the program from a storage medium into memory

Click a program command name

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan) What are features of an application window? • A window is a  rectangular area of  the screen that  displays a program,  data, and/or  information •

A title bar is a horizontal space that contains the window’s name Paint window

title bar

toolbar

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Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)

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Print dialog box

What is a dialog box? • A special window a  program displays  to provide  information,  present available  options, or request  a response

check box

text box

option buttons

command buttons

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is productivity software? • Software that  assists people  in becoming  more  effective and  efficient while  performing  daily activities 

Presentation Graphics Word Processing

Personal Information Manager Spreadsheet

Software Suite Database Project Management

Accounting

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Company on the Cutting Edge • Supplies top‐rated  software for personal  computers • Ninety‐five percent of  personal computers run  at least one Microsoft  application • The world’s leading  productivity software  Click to view Web Link developer then click Microsoft

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Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What is word processing software? • Allows users to  create and  manipulate  documents that  contain text and  graphics • One of the most  widely used types  of application  software printed document document displays k in word k processing window

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is clip art? • A collection of  drawings,  diagrams, and  photographs  that you can  insert into  documents

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Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What are some word processing features? Specify margins The portion of the page outside the main body of text

Word wrap Software automatically positions text at the beginning of the next line when it extends beyond the right page margin

Scrolling Process of moving different portions of the document on the screen into view

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What is a major advantage of using a word processor? • You can easily change  The house was deep in a secluded secluded remote part of the what you have  woods. The trees written surrounded the porch • Insert, delete, or  in a protective circle. rearrange words,  Small clusters of pink sentences,  and white flowers lined paragraphs or entire  the walk leading up to the door. sections findor or find search search

replace replace

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is a spelling checker? • Reviews the spelling  of individual words,  sections of a  document, or the  entire document

reviews reviews the the spelling spelling of of individual inividal words words inividal

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Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What are headers and footers? •

Header • Text that appears at the top of each page

•

Footer • Text that appears at the bottom of each page

•

May include • Page numbers • Company names • Report titles • Dates

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Productivity Software Productivity software is software that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities. Productivity software includes applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation graphics, personal information manager, software suite, accounting, and project management.

footer Page 3.9

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What are other popular word processing features? autoformat autocorrect

grammar checker

columns collaboration

tables macros

mail merge thesaurus

tracking changes

templates

voice recognition

Web page development

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What are the stages of developing a document? editing process of making changes to a document’s existing content

formatting

creating

changing the appearance of a document

developing the document by entering text or numbers, inserting graphical images, and performing other tasks using an input device saving printing process of copying a document process of sending a file to a from memory to a storage printer to generate output on a medium such as a floppy disk or medium such as paper hard disk

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What is the clipboard? • A temporary storage location used for cut, copy, and  paste Copy

Cut Remove a portion of the document and store it on the Clipboard

Duplicate a portion of the document and store it on the Clipboard Paste Place items stored on the clipboard into the document

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is a font? •

•

A name assigned to a specific design of characters Font size specifies the size or the characters in a particular font in points • A single point is about 1/72 of an inch in height

•

Font style adds emphasis to a font such as bold, italic, and underline

XP font size font

Font styles

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas

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What is a file? • A named collection of data, instructions, or information filename nameon on • Each file has a file name file titlebar bar title • A file name is a unique combination of letters of the alphabet, numbers, and other characters that identifies the file • The title bar of a document window usually displays the file name

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is voice recognition? • The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken  Step 6: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: words Say, Say, Say, Say, “Voice Say, “Forty “Dictation” “Algerian” “Green” Command” Say, Eight” “Font”. and and toand instruct then to then then instruct say, say, say, the the program program you “Font “Font you will “End”. will Color”. be Size”. dictating. be issuingSay, commands. “Car for Say, sale”. “Center”.

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Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is spreadsheet software? • Allows you to organize  data in rows and  columns • Performs calculations  on this data • Rows and columns  collectively called a  worksheet

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How is a spreadsheet organized? •

Data is organized vertically into columns identified by letters

•

Data is organized horizontally into rows identified by numbers

•

A cell is the intersection of a column and row identified by the column letter and row number • ex. A19

columns columns

rows rows

cell cell

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What can a cell contain? Label Text that identifies the data and helps organize the worksheet

Value

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2 A s / ) e 6 s B n 6 e 3 4 C p ,299 ( x =E =A .00 3*4 To 2t1a% l

Number

=C 16 er 4+C b m e Sa v 5 o + C6 vi N n + C g 9 7 4 s . 2 + 5 C8 $

Formula Performs calculations on the data in the worksheet and displays the resulting value in a cell

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What is a function? • A predefined formula that performs common  calculations =C4+C5+C6+C7+C8

TI M E

E T A D

PV

N E G A R E LOG AV R RATE MAX O V PMT E U T N D T R MI N S Q S S D UM FV NOW IF LN

AB S

T N I PV CO UN T

SU M

=SUM(C4:C8)

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is a macro? • A sequence of  keystrokes and  instructions you  record and save • Run the macro to  perform the  sequence of saved  keystrokes and  instructions

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What is recalculation? • The capability of recalculating the rest of the worksheet when  data in a worksheet changes • What‐if analysis is a process in which you change certain values in  a spread sheet in order to reveal the effects of those changes

Newdata data New entered entered Totals Totals recalculated recalculated

Projected College Cash Flow Analysis Expenses Room & Board Tuition & Books Clothes Entertainment Miscellaneous Total

Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior $ 3,290.00 $ 3,454.50 $ 3,627.23 $ 3,808.59 $ 10,000.00 4,850.00 10,500.00 5,092.50 11,000.00 5,347.13 11,500.00 5,614.48 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 $ 14,740.00 9,590.00 $ 15,477.00 10,069.50 $ 16,225.86 10,572.99 $ 11,101.63 16,987.15 $

Total 14,180.32 43,000.00 20,904.11 2,111.97 2,736.93 1,400.79 41,334.12 63,430.01

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What is charting?

• Allows you to display spreadsheet data in a chart that  shows the relationship of data in graphical form

linechart chart line

piechart chart pie

column column chart chart

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is a database? • A collection of  data organized  in a manner  that allows  access,  retrieval, and  use of that  data

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What is database software? • Also called a database management system (DBMS) • Allows you to create, access, and manage a database

add, change, and delete data

sort and retrieve data

create forms and reports using the data

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What are the parts of a database? •

A collection of data stored in tables

•

A record is a row in a table that contains information about a given person, product, or event

•

A field is a column in a table that contains a specific piece of information within a record fields fields

Itemtable table Item records records

Supplier Supplier table table

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas How is a database organized? • Records and  fields in a table are described by the  table structure

Itemtable table Item structure structure

Suppliertable table Supplier structure structure

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What does the structure contain? field size

field name

A unique name The maximum number of that identifies characters that a particular field can contain each field

• • • • • •

data type The kind of data a field can contain and how the field is used

Text: letters, numbers, or special characters Numeric: numbers only Currency: dollar and cent amounts Date: month, day, and year information Memo: lengthy text entries Hyperlink: Web address that links to a document or a Web page

• Object: picture, audio, video, or a document created in other applications

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas How is data entered or modified? • Data is entered using a data entry form • Entering individual records is known as populating the table • Validation  is the process of comparing the data to a set of rules or  values to determine if the data is correct

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How is data manipulated to generate information? • Sort or organize a set of records in a particular order • Retrieve information using a query, or request for specific data – A query retrieves data by identifying criteria, which are restrictions the  data must meet

• Produces reports based on criteria the user supplies

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is presentation graphics software? • Allows you to create documents called presentations •

•

Sometimes called a slide show Can be displayed on a large monitor or on a projection screen

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Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is slide sorter view? • Used to help organize the presentation • You can view small versions of all the slides

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What output formats are available for a presentation ? •

Outline of the text from each slide

•

Handouts to distribute to audience members

•

Notes page to help a speaker deliver the presentation

Aplikasi utk Produktivitas What is a personal information manager (PIM)? • A software application that  includes an appointment  calendar, address book,  notepad, and other features • Helps to organize personal  information • Most handheld computers have  PIM functions • You can synchronize, or transfer  information between the  handheld computer and a  desktop computer handheld computer

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What is a software suite? • A collection of individual applications sold as a single  package • You install the entire collection of applications at once • Two major advantages:

ease of use lower cost

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What is project management software? • Allows you to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the  events, resources, and costs of a project

Productivity Software What is accounting software?

• Helps companies record and report their financial  transactions •

Newer packages support online direct deposit and payroll services

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What are some  popular graphics  and multimedia  software  products?

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) Desktop Publishing (Professional)

Paint/Image Editing (Professional) Video and Audio Editing Multimedia Authoring

Web Page Authoring

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What is computer‐aided design (CAD)? • A sophisticated  type of application  software that  assists a  professional user  in creating  engineering,  architectural, and  scientific designs

Next p. 3.22 Fig. 3-27

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What is desktop publishing software (professional)? • Enables  professional  designers to design  and produce  sophisticated  documents that  contain text,  graphics, and  brilliant colors

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What are some features of desktop publishing software?

page layout the process of arranging text and graphics in a document on a page-by-page basis

color library a standard set of colors used by designers and printers to ensure that colors will print exactly as specified

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Company on the Cutting Edge Adobe • Produces award‐winning  software used to create  and deliver the majority  of Web images today • Products include  Photoshop, Illustrator,  GoLive, LiveMotion,  PageMill, Streamline, and  PageMaker

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What is paint/image editing software (professional)? • Used to create and  modify graphical images • Sometime called  illustration software • Image editing software  provides the capabilities  of paint software as well  as the capability to  modify existing images

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What is video and audio editing software? •

Video consists of full‐motion images played back at various speeds

•

Video editing software allows you to modify a segment of a video, called a clip Audio is any music, speech, or other sound stored and produced by the computer Audio editing software allows you to modify audio clips

•

•

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What is multimedia authoring software? • •

•

Also called authorware Allows you to combine  text, graphics, audio,  video, and animation into  an interactive presentation Multimedia presentations  often are interactive  computer‐based  presentations or Web‐ based presentations  designed to facilitate  learning and elicit direct  student participation

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Aplikasi Grafis dan Multimedia What is Web page authoring software? • Helps users of all  skill levels create  fascinating Web  pages that include  graphical images,  video, audio,  animation, and  other special  effects

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Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What software  products are  available for home,  personal, and  educational use?

Integrated Software Personal Finance Legal Tax Preparation Desktop Publishing Paint/Image Editing

Clip Art/Image Gallery Home Design/ Landscaping Reference

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is integrated software? • Software that combines applications such as word  processing, spreadsheet, and database into a single,  easy‐to‐use package Applications use a similar interface and share common features

Applications typically do not have all the capabilities of standalone productivity software applications

Each application is available only through the integrated software package

Less expensive

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is personal finance software? •

A simplified accounting program • Helps home users and small office/home office users balance their checkbook, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, track investments, and evaluate financial plans • Online banking allows you to transfer money electronically from your checking or credit card accounts to payees’ accounts

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is legal software? • Assists in the  preparation of legal  documents • Provides legal advice  to individuals,  families, and small  businesses

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is tax preparation software? • Guides individuals,  families, or small  businesses through  the process of filing  federal taxes • Some allow you to  file your tax forms  electronically

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is desktop publishing software (personal)? • Easy‐to‐ understand  DTP software  designed for  smaller‐scale  desktop  publishing  projects

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is paint/image editing software (personal)? •

An easy‐to‐use interface, frequently containing simple draw or editing  features. 

•

Allows you to draw or modify pictures, shapes, and other images Photo-editing software allows you to edit digital photographs by removing red-eye, adding special effects, or creating electronic photo albums Online print services will send high-resolution printed images through the postal service

•

•

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is clip art/image gallery software? • A collection of clip art and photographs •

•

Some have links to clips available on the Web May provide fonts, animations, sounds, video clips,and audio clips

Software for Home, Personal, and  Educational Use What is home design/landscaping software?

• Assists with the design or remodeling of a home, deck, or  landscape •

Many will print a material list outlining costs and quantities for the entire project

Next p. 3.31 Fig. 3-39

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Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is educational software? • Software that teaches a  particular skill • Computer‐based  training (CBT) is a type  of education in which  students learn by using  and completing exercises  with instructional  software – Also called computer‐ aided instruction

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is reference software? • Provides valuable and thorough information for all individuals •

Includes encyclopedias, dictionaries, health/medical guides, and travel directories

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What is entertainment software? • Interactive games • Videos • Programs designed to  support a hobby or  provide amusement  and enjoyment

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiXP What software facilitates communication? • E‐mail •

Web browsers

•

Chat rooms

•

Newsgroups

•

Instant messaging

•

Groupware

•

Videoconferencing

E-mail Newsgroup Instant messaging (IM) Videoconference or electronic mail

Web browser

Also called a room discussion Real-time communications Groupware Chat A Transmission meeting between two or more of messages or that browser services notifies you geographically separated people via a computer network Online area on the Web where Permits A software users application to chat with when one or more people who use a network or the Internet such as a local area users conduct written discussions Allows you totheof that each helps other groups via are online to transmit audio and video data network orand the Internet about a particular subject access view people work computer together and Allows you to exchange can program make ayou video Web pages on the E-mail software lets YouHome use ausers software called share information over a messages or files with Some support voice chats telephone call where both parties create, send, receive, Internet a newsreader to participate in a network them or join a private chat and videoas chats see each other theyand talk forward, store, print, newsgroup room delete e-mail messages

Aplikasi di Web What is a Web application? • A software application that exists on a Web site • Some Web applications store your data and information at their site • To access a Web application, visit the Web site that offers the program • Some are free

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How do some companies charge for a Web application? • Some sites  allow you to  use the  program for  free • Ask you to pay  a fee when a  certain action  occurs

Aplikasi di Web How do other companies charge? • Some companies charge only for service and support •

•

Sun Microsystems provides an integrated suite on the Web A variety of payment schemes exist for sites that charge for use of a program

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Aplikasi di Web

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What is Web‐based training (WBT)? • Typically consists of self‐directed, self‐paced instruction on a  topic • Distance learning (DL) is the delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at other locations • Also called distance education (DE) or online learning

Aplikasi di Web What is an application service provider (ASP)? • Third party  organization that  manages and  distributes software  and services on the  Web • Allows companies to  outsource  information  technology (IT) needs

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Aplikasi di Web What is a CLOUD ?

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Aplikasi di Web What is the Type of CLOUD ?

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Learning Aids and Support Tools  Within an Application What is Online Help?

• Electronic equivalent of a user  manual • Usually integrated into an  application software package • Often Help is context‐sensitive – The Help information relates  to the current task being  attempted

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Alat bantu mempelajari Aplikasi What is an FAQs page? • Frequently Asked  Questions •

Often available on a Web site that provides updates and more comprehensive resources to answer your software questions

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Alat bantu mempelajari Aplikasi What is a wizard? • An automated assistant that helps you complete a task •

Asks you questions and then automatically performs actions based on your answers

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Alat bantu mempelajari Aplikasi How can I learn more about a software package? • Many books are  available to  help you learn  to use software • These books are  available in  bookstores and  software stores

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RINGKASAN

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• Computer programs: sequences of instructions for  the computer • Systems software: coordinates the activities of  hardware and programs • Applications software: helps users solve particular  problems • Operating system (OS): set of computer programs  that controls the computer hardware and acts as an  interface with application programs Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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• Graphical user interface (GUI): user interface that uses  icons and menus displayed on screen to send  commands to the computer system • Time‐sharing: allows more than one person to use a  computer system at the same time • Proprietary software: one‐of‐a‐kind program for a  specific application, usually developed and owned by a  single company • Off‐the‐shelf software: existing software program that  is purchased Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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• Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software:  manages a company’s vital business operations for an  entire multisite, global organization • Programming languages: allow humans to  communicate instructions to be executed by a  computer • Most software products are protected by law using  copyright or licensing provisions • Open‐source software is freely available to anyone in  a form that can be easily modified Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition

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Matrikulasi MMSI – Universitas Gunadarma 2013

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