PAWA – Pilot Arno Water Accounts System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water SEEA-Water methodology in the Arno River basin

Bernardo Mazzanti Arno River Basin Authority Cartagena (E), 24/02/2015

Partners

ISPRA is the technical-scientific branch of the Italian Ministry of Environment. It operates within the Environmental Agencies System, composed of 20 Regional and 2 Provincial Agencies according to a federative system combining direct knowledge and experience of local environmental issues with national and European policies (incl. EU WFD 2000/60/EC; EU Floods Dir. 2007/60/EC; WS&D Comm.) for environmental prevention and protection. Since 1989 ARBA (one of the six River Basin Authorities of National Relevance) has been carrying out programming and planning activities on land protection and water resources management. In recent years, ARBA has been entitled, in accordance with the EU WFD, to draft the RBMP for the Northern Apennines River Basin District and to coordinate the implementation activities as regards to the EU Floods Directive. SEMIDE/EMWIS is an initiative of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EUROMED) that provides a strategic tool – the only one operational nowadays – for exchanging information and knowledge in the water sector between and within the EUROMED countries. In the framework of the WGs of the Mediterranean Joint Process between the EU Water Initiative and the EU WFD, EMWIS is also working on know-how exchange for specific themes selected by the EUROMED water directors.

Workplan Six interconnected activities

1. Setting the scene at Arno RBD level

Act. Deliverables 1 D1.1 Catalogue of data sources and tools D1.2 Priorisation list of sub-basins 2

D2.1 Repository of data sets D2.2 Assessment of data availability

T0+6 T0+6

3

D3.1 1st draft water flow diagrams and associated SEEA-W tables D3.2 Geo-referenced database for water accounts

T0+8

4

D4.1 Water efficient targets for future revisions Arno RBMP

T0+12

5

D5.1 Water account tables D5.2 Final report

T0+15 T0+15

6

D6.1 Project leaflet D6.2 Compendium of lessons learnt D6.3 Detailed list of dissemination activities, including project presentations during events

T0+3 T0+15 T0+15

2. Data collection

3. Building water accounts (SEEA-W)

4. Optimisation of measures

5. Assessment and reporting

6. Dissemination

When T0+3 T0+3

T0+9

Case study Arno River Basin: Area: 8228 Km2 River length: 241 Km Altitude: 0 m-1385 m Climate: Mediterranean

Chiana: Pollution, high irrigation use Area: 1373 km2 Precipitation: 775 mm/year Annual avg. Temperature: 13.8 °C Bisenzio: Pollution, high industrial use Area: 348 km2 Precipitation: 570.7 mm/year Annual avg. Temperature: 13.9 °C Pisa: Salinity intrusion, aquifer exploitation Area: 407 km2 Precipitation: 891.2 mm/year Annual avg. Temperature: 15.9 °C

Bisenzio

Pisa

Chiana

4

Project's goal What

How

Main Actions

• Improve the knowledge on water availability and its use

• Creating a tool:

• Create data inventory table

• Support for decision making.

• Set of SEEA-Water tables • Water-related indicators.

• Match data sets with SEEA-Water structure • Build water accounts from 1999 to 2013 • Compute water efficiency indicators • Pre-define water saving measures • Create future scenarios

Themes 1

Data collection & management

How to identify and select the most relevant data for water availability and demands?

2

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

Innovative methodologies to close and verify the water balance and increase accuracy

3

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

How to integrate water accounting in the river basin management planning

4

List of measures & optimisation process

5

Analysis of future Scenarios (CC)

The usefulness for the evaluation of measures to reduce water shortage in the basin and its vulnerability to drought Water accounting to assess the vulnerability of the basin to future changes (climate, economic and demographic change)

Themes 1

Data collection & management

How to identify and select the most relevant data for water availability and demands?

2

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

Innovative methodologies to close and verify the water balance and increase accuracy

3

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

How to integrate water accounting in the river basin management planning

4

List of measures & optimisation process

5

Analysis of future Scenarios (CC)

The usefulness for the evaluation of measures to reduce water shortage in the basin and its vulnerability to drought Water accounting to assess the vulnerability of the basin to future changes (climate, economic and demographic change)

Why a GeoDB?

Levels of intervention

GeoDataBase

The state of the art in Italy

“Maybe the available money is too much” (!!!)

Needs

Use of different data sources with (very) different data formats Combine heterogeneous data (temporal and spatial scale) Use well defined procedure for data elaboration Make easy a constant update of the tables

Needs

GW abstraction Avg. Yearly volume

Needs GW abstraction Monthly volume Industrial use

Tools Creation of a "system" open shared documented easy to proof easy to update It means: on the web SQL standard in a non-proprietary (free) format using URI/URL to identify things linkable to external sources

Choices: DB elements

Data grouped per typology HydroData

GeoData

SocioEconomicData

AbstractionRestitutionData BalanceData

SEEA-W table

Definition of a relational structure Limitation of textual fields Using pivot-tables for 1-to-many relationships

GeoDB schema

SEEA-W table MS-Excel worksheets

SEEA-W table category of the PAWA GeoDB

HydroData

GeoData Geographical data

AbsRest Data

Water Balance Data

Socio Economic Data

GeoDB formats

Platform independent Data access: SQL standard Compatibility with a list of desktop/server GIS tools

GeoDB contents ca.40 tables – vector layers - raster

GeoDB documentation

GeoNetwork platform

GeoDB elaboration's procedures

Validazione Data validation dati Pre-process e production of “intermediate” tables Input data for VBA procedures Use by GIS desktop/server tools

Themes 1

Data collection & management

How to identify and select the most relevant data for water availability and demands?

2

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

Innovative methodologies to close and verify the water balance and increase accuracy

3

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

How to integrate water accounting in the river basin management planning

4

List of measures & optimisation process

5

Analysis of future Scenarios (CC)

The usefulness for the evaluation of measures to reduce water shortage in the basin and its vulnerability to drought Water accounting to assess the vulnerability of the basin to future changes (climate, economic and demographic change)

The SEEA-Water method: 1st Draft water flow diagrams and SEEA-Water Integrates water cycle with economic activities in tables a standard way.

Standard codes: For the economic activities (ISIC Rev. 4) For all data items (water flows)

Standard SEEA-Water tables (1) Physical Supply and Use Accounts (2) Emission Accounts (3) Hybrid and Economic Accounts (4) Water Asset Accounts

• • • • •

(1) Water supply and its use in the production process and by households (1) The reused water within the economy (2) The pressures imposed by the economy into the environment. (3) The cost, the financing of these cost, the investments and the payment of permits for access to water. (4) Stocks and flows of water within the environment. 2

Water Flow Diagrams for Water Supply and User Accounts (1) USE

(2) SUPPLY

(2)

Balance/activity (1)-(2)

3

Water Flow Diagrams for Water Supply and User Accounts USE

(1) • •

Wastewater (Industries & Households) Runoff (collection from precipitation)

SUPPLY Wastewater Treatment Plant

Use

(2)

(2)

Balance: Sewerage Systems + WasteWater Treatment Plant: (1)-(2)

4

Water Flow Diagrams for Water Assets Accounts OPENING STOCKS The amount of available water at the beginning of the account period

Useful to know how much has the stock depicted.

Reservoirs

No use

Lakes

Only one in Chiana

Rivers

Not relevant

Surface Water

Addition of Reservoirs, Lakes & Rivers

Groundwater

Known & used

Soil Water

From hydrological model

Water Flow Diagrams for Water Assets Accounts (1) Increasing stocks

Closing stocks=Opening stocks + (1) - (2)

(2) Decreasing stocks

Balance: Closing stocks-Opening stocks 6

Method to fill SEEA-Water tables. VBA graphical user interface

A. Physical water use table (Table III.3) [m3] From the environment 1.a Abstraction for own use (Type of use) Hydroelectric power generation Irrigation water Mine water Urban run-off (urban storm water) Cooling water Other 1.b Abstraction for distribution 1.i From inland water resources Surface water Groundwater Soil water 1.ii Collection of precipitation 1.iii Abstraction from the sea 1. Total abstraction (1.a+1.b(=1.i+1.ii+1.iii)) Within the economy 2. From other economic units Water services Reused water Wastewater to sewerage Desalinated water 3. TotalA (1+2)

Activities 1-3 14571235.27

Initialize: Clear table GetOpenings: Store Opening and Closing stocks GetUse&Supply: Store use and supply items and balance. GetBalance: 5-33, 41-43, 45-99 35 36 37,38,39 Computes balance 2050027.69

16621262.96

14571235.27 17888336.70

14571235.27 901235.27 13670000.00

2050027.69 50027.69 2000000.00

5165184.84 5165184.84 1895184.84 3270000.00

2050027.69

5165184.84

0.00

2718050.88

4229733.59

17888336.70

17888336.70

4229733.59 309733.59 3920000.00

17888336.70

5165184.839

11662219.23

5165184.84 26016181.39 3156181.39 22860000.00 17888336.70

21786447.80

4229733.59

26016181.39

2718050.88

4235451.57 4235451.57

6953502.44 4235451.57 0.00 2718050.88

8465185.16

41913852.18

0.00

2050027.69

20850996.55 14571235.27

2718050.88 14571235.27

Rest of the world Total (exports water)

14571235.27

5165184.84 21786447.80 2846447.80 18940000.00 17888336.70

14571235.27

Households Total

33448667.03

7

Procedure

Basin [1] Chiana Dec. 2012

Basin [1] Chiana Dec. 2012

Basin [1] Chiana Dec. 2012

Basin [1] Chiana Dec. 2012

Example – Basin [1] Chiana Abstraction by use

Abstraction by source

Water cost by use

Recov. costs by source

Themes 1

Data collection & management

How to identify and select the most relevant data for water availability and demands?

2

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

Innovative methodologies to close and verify the water balance and increase accuracy

3

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

How to integrate water accounting in the river basin management planning

4

List of measures & optimisation process

5

Analysis of future Scenarios (CC)

The usefulness for the evaluation of measures to reduce water shortage in the basin and its vulnerability to drought Water accounting to assess the vulnerability of the basin to future changes (climate, economic and demographic change)

Program of Measures Typology

Infrastructural Non-Infrastructural Regulatory

Sector Classification

Agriculture

Industry

Water service Rural / Domestic Use Area/Basin

[1] Chiana [2] Bisenzio [3] Pisa area

List of measures (1) Infrastructural

Leakages reduction (domestic use) Household awareness campaign on water savings Distribution of water saving devices for households

Water service

NonInfrastructural

Est. Cost [€/yr]

Starting Year

Duration [years]

1,5 Ml

2016

6

Water saving Breakdown effect

Units targeted [users]

Acceptability [/]

5%

50.000

HIGH

List of measures (2) Reduction of permits

NonAgriculture Infrastructural Increase of prices in drought periods Reuse of urban Introduction of wastewater by agriculture resistant crops with secondary Improvment in irrigation distribution network techniques

Infrastructural

Est. Cost [€/yr]

Starting Year

Duration [years]

0,75 Ml

2016

12

Water saving Breakdown effect

Units targeted [ha]

Acceptability [/]

15%

50.000

MEDIUM

List of measures (3) Sensitization campaign through implementation of water efficiency devices

NonInfrastructural Industry

Develop decentralised wastewater reuse in industrial areas

Infrastructural

Est. Cost [€/yr]

Starting Year

Duration [years]

15 Ml

2016

25

Water saving Breakdown effect

Units targeted [users]

Acceptability [/]

80%

400

LOW

List of measures (4) Rehabilitation, maintenance and use of existing rainwater harvesting systems by households

Rural/domestic

Infrastructural Sensitization campaign Increase of prices in drought periods

NonInfrastructural

Est. Cost [€/yr]

Starting Year

Duration [years]

0,1 Ml

2016

6

Water saving Breakdown effect

Units targeted [users]

Acceptability [/]

5%

20.000

VERY LOW

List of measures (5) Desalination plants

Infrastructural

General

Rehabilitation of polluted aquifers Reservoirs Management

NonInfrastructural

Est. Cost [€/yr]

Starting Year

Duration [years]

0,1 Ml

2016

6

Water saving Breakdown effect

Units targeted [numb. Res.]

Acceptability [/]

5%

4

HIGH

Procedures

Optimization

Optimization

Test of measure's effect

Themes 1

Data collection & management

How to identify and select the most relevant data for water availability and demands?

2

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

Innovative methodologies to close and verify the water balance and increase accuracy

3

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

How to integrate water accounting in the river basin management planning

4

List of measures & optimisation process

5

Analysis of future Scenarios (CC)

The usefulness for the evaluation of measures to reduce water shortage in the basin and its vulnerability to drought Water accounting to assess the vulnerability of the basin to future changes (climate, economic and demographic change)

Climate change scenarios

Climate change scenarios

Hydrological scenarios production

Hydrological scenarios production

Testing measure's effects Scenario 0

Testing measure's effects Scenario 1 (CNRM RCP 8.5)

Themes 1

Data collection & management

How to identify and select the most relevant data for water availability and demands?

2

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

Innovative methodologies to close and verify the water balance and increase accuracy

3

SEEA-W tables preparation tool

How to integrate water accounting in the river basin management planning

4

List of measures & optimisation process

5

Analysis of future Scenarios (CC)

The usefulness for the evaluation of measures to reduce water shortage in the basin and its vulnerability to drought Water accounting to assess the vulnerability of the basin to future changes (climate, economic and demographic change)

The update of the River Basin Management Plan Updated evaluation of drivers, pressures, impacts Updated environmental status of each WB Revision of Programme of Measures Justified exemptions to environmental objectives

River Basin Management Plans: how to update it

Why an Executive Information System?

Many different sources of data Reporting 2016 No links between pressures, impacts and environmental status Unjustified proposal of exemptions Unknown efficiency and effectiveness of PoM Absence of a global vision

ISTAT

Regions

Threats

Local authorities Tables complexity

Unknown cause-effect mechanism Influence of hydrological conditions

Unclear choices

Unknown cause-effect mechanism Gerarchy of SWB (network) Interaction between SWB and GWB

Why an Executive Information System?

Many different sources of data Reporting 2016 No links between pressures, impacts and environmental status Unjustified proposal of exemptions Unknown efficiency and effectiveness of PoM Absence of a global vision

Needs

A common, shared GeoDataBase

Data-driven analysis of cause-effects mechanisms

An olistic vision

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP

An Executive Information nd System for the 2 cycle RBMP Water pollution level Grey Water

Based on env. Status + pressures

Gap between actual Env. Status and objective status With on-going measures

How to fill the gap? How to justify exemptions?

Increase discharge

Hydromorph. restoration

quantitative indicators and corr. thresholds

water abstraction permits reduction

Decrease pollution