Paulsson, Inc. Security Systems
Buried Perimeter Monitoring Fence Monitoring & Tunnel Detection
Pipe Line Monitoring
Harbor Security Oilfield Monitoring
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Coal Mine Monitoring
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Fiber Optic Sensor Technology for Security Systems
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Proprietary material – Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
PI’s Fiber Optic Sensors are Based on Technology from the US Navy
Fiber Optic Technology is proven on LWWAA • Installed on over 10 submarines • Eliminates couplers/ splices for improved reliability
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Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) are used to generate the data. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is made by periodically changing the refraction index in the glass core of the fiber. The refraction changes are made by exposing the fiber to the UV-light with a fixed pattern. Glass core Reflection
Glass cladding
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Transmission
Plastic jacket
Periodic refraction index change (Gratings)
Proprietary material – Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Advantages of the Fiber Optic Sensors A major competitive advantage that all fiber optic sensor systems have over existing conventional electronic systems is the complete elimination of electronics at the sensor end (i.e., in the field). This leads to improved reliability, EMI/RFI immunity, lower cost, and lighter weight.
The PI approach has several additional advantages, including: • No couplers or splices required in the sensor cable • Generates a high fidelity reproduction of all detected events enabling the use of sophisticated signal processing techniques for classification
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Fiber Optic Security System Applied to 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Fence Monitoring and Tunnel Detection Border and Perimeter Monitoring Pipeline Monitoring Harbor Security Mining Operation Monitoring
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Fence Monitoring & Tunnel Detection © 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
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Fence Intrusion Detection System Cable Tightly Coupled to Rigid Fence
500 m
500 m
To Display
Central Processor Unit (Guard Station)
To Fence
Passive Remote Sensor Node
Fiber Optic Sensor Cable
USSI Fiber Optic Microphonic Cable on Chain Link Fence
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Tunnel Detection Layout
Buried Fiber Optic Telemetry Cable (up to 10 Km long)
Passive Electrical to Optical Converter
20 meter spacing (typical)
Buried Geophone ( ˜20 meters deep)
USSI Passive Buried Fiber Optic Tunnel Detection System Allows Permanent Installation without Batteries or Buried Electronics
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USSI Geophone Assembly
Fence Alert Electronics/Cable
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Fence Host and Field Nodes
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Border and Perimeter Monitoring
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Typical Perimeter Displays SYSTEM ID:EDWARDS_AFB_01 //// GPS: 34º25’32.2”N; 117º35’54.6”W
Upon detection of an event: 1. The system will alarm 2. The affected zone will change from green to red and 3. The operator can “mouse click” on the red zone to obtain classification information 4. The operator can listen to the event in real time 5. The operator switch to other classification/analytical tools
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
CTRL
THREAT ALERT!!! Event number: 626 Location: zone 9 Time: 2006/9/10 10:40:41 Duration: 0.1 second Threat: explosion Assessment: HOSTILE GPS:33º45’15.1”N; 117º42’21.7”W
THREAT ALERT!!! Event number: 627 Location: zone 34 Time: 2006/9/10 10:43:22 Duration: continuous Threat: footsteps Assessment: HOSTILE GPS: 34º25’33.1”N; 117º35’54.0”W
Number 623 624 625 626 627
Loc 33 2 3 9 34
THREAT LOG Date Time 8/24/2006 14:40:45 8/27/2006 9:03:06 8/27/2006 9:05:25 9/10/2006 10:40:41 9/10/2006 10:43:22
Resolution Resolved Resolved Resolved Alm, trans Alm, trans
STATUS: SYSTEM OK /// ALARMS: ACTIVATED, TRANSMITTED Proprietary material – Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
230 km Fence Monitoring System 230 km 23 km
23 km Remote Station Monitoring Station
CPU CPU
Fiber Optic Lead Cable
Monitoring Station Fiber Optic Junction Box
Fiber Optic Sensor Cable
Fiber Optic Sensor Cable 23 Km
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Fiber Optic Lead Cable
Remote Station Fiber Optic Sensor Cable
Fiber Optic Junction Box 23 Km
23 Km
Proprietary material – Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
23 Km
Buried Fiber optic Sensor for IED Placement Detection & Border Intrusion
Roadside Trench w/ Cable Being Filled in Roadside Trench w/ Cable Prior to Fill Roadside Trench Filled in
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Buried Fiber optic Sensor for IED Placement Detection & Border Intrusion
• Every event successfully detected: • Walking • Running • Digging • Moped • Car/truck • Animals • Off-road vehicles detected at 200+ meters
Roadside trench filled in © 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
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Trailer used for Electronics
Pipeline Monitoring
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
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Typical Layout on Pipeline Fiber Optic Sensor Cable • Fiber sensors are housed into ruggedized cables • FBG sensors are written into the fiber • No failure prone electronics – the fiber is the sensor
• Pipeline/Perimeter • Security System
~25 Km
~25km
• • • •
Remote System “Nodes” Remote operation Systems installed at existing pump stations Monitors ~25 km segments, each direction System nodes installed every 50 km (approx.)
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100 km Pipeline System 100 km
192 zones @ 520 meters each 25km
25 km
Fiber Optic Lead Cable
Fiber Optic Junction Box
Fiber Optic Sensor Cable
Fiber Optic Junction Box
Fiber Optic Lead Cable Fiber Optic Sensor Cable
TDM Interrogator
TDM Interrogator
Central Monitoring Station
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
25 km
25 km
Proprietary material – Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Typical Pipe Line Displays Upon detection of an event, the system will alarm, the affected zone will change from green to red, and the operator can “mouse click” on the red zone to obtain classification information, listen to the event in real time, or switch to other classification/analytical tools, if desired.
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
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Buried Cable Adjacent to Pipeline Saril, Turkey Saril
Fiber Optic Sensor Cable
Successfully detected: • Pipeline Leaks • Intrusion • Tampering © 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
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Saril, Turkey. Field Test Results
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Harbor Security
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Typical Undersea Acoustic Surveillance System
Processed Acoustic Data to Display Interrogator/ Beam former/ Signal Processor
Coverage Zone
Submerged threats © 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
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All-optical sonar array
Small craft threats
Competitive Analysis
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Competing Fiber Optic Systems Cannot Meet Needed Specifications Modal Metric is the Most Widely Used:
© 2009 Paulsson, Inc. (PI)
Other Fiber-Based Systems have limited performance: • Rayleigh Backscatter is up to two orders of magnitude less sensitive than interferometric, resulting in an approximate reduction of -40 dB in dynamic range. Additionally this system is very expensive • Polarimetric is similar to Modal Metric • Single Distributed Interferometer – complete system can be easily “blanked out” by loud continuous noise at one location
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Competing Electronic Systems are Complicated and Expensive FENCE ALERT WMS-200 Interrogator
Fiber Optic Sensor Cable (1 Mile Long)
Southwest Microwave
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Fiber Optic Fence Monitoring Competitive Analysis Company/ Product
Technology
Advantages
Disadvantages
FFT Secure Fence Secure Pipe
Single Distributed Interferometer
• Long range ( up to 50 mi.) • Standard SM fiber • No predetermined zones • Lowest cost for long range
• Cannot detect multiple simultaneous events • Transient detection only, cannot detect continuous events • Single fiber break wipes out entire system
Optellios Fiber Patrol
Single Distributed Interferometer
• Long range (up to 60 km) • Standard SM fiber • No predetermined zones • Lowest cost for long range
• Cannot detect multiple simultaneous events • Transient detection only, cannot detect continuous events • Single fiber break wipes out entire system
Fiber Sensys SPIDeR
Modal Metric
• Lowest cost for short range, small number of zones (
