To the Student What is a reptile? How does the water cycle work? Where is a magnetic field? Passwords: Science Vocabulary will help you find out. It will teach you the words you need to do well in science. You will learn eight words in every lesson. First, you will read an article. The article will explain what all eight words mean. Next, you will practice using the words in different ways. A writing activity ends the lesson. Use as many of the new words as you can in your writing. As you work on the lessons, you may learn other science words. Writing down those words will help you remember them. Use the space in My Science Words on pages 76–81. You will find the Glossary at the back of this book. The Glossary tells what each word means. It also has a picture next to the word. Use the Glossary when you are not sure about the meaning of a word. Soon you’ll be talking and writing just like a scientist!
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
LESSON
8
telescope constellation
solar system
revolve
moon
planet
rotate
phase
What do you see up in the sky? Do you see different things at night than during the day? Read to learn more about some of these things.
The Solar System The Sun and Stars Above us, in the sky, is the sun. The sun is one of many stars in the sky. The sun is much closer to Earth than the other stars. A telescope can help us see the stars and other things that are far away. Stars can form groups. A group of stars is called a constellation. A constellation makes a picture in the sky.
A telescope makes objects in space seem larger and closer.
The Planets The sun and all the objects that move around it make up the solar system. A planet is a large object that moves around the sun. Earth is one of eight planets in our solar system. 46
The constellation called Leo looks like a lion.
Earth Science
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
It takes one year for Earth to revolve, or move around the sun. As Earth revolves, seasons change. That’s because parts of Earth are closer to or farther from the sun.
Sun Saturn
Mercury Mars
Venus Earth
Uranus Jupiter
Neptune
Our solar system includes eight planets.
The planets also rotate, or spin, as they go around the sun. As Earth rotates, we get day and night. It is day when the part of Earth you are on turns toward the sun. It is night when that same part turns away.
The Moon
Earth rotates like a top.
A moon is an object that moves around a planet. Some planets have many moons. Earth has one moon. Earth’s moon seems to change shape as it moves. Each change in shape
The moon has different phases as it moves around Earth.
is called a phase. My Science Words Go to page 79 to list other words you have learned about the solar system.
Earth Science
47
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
telescope constellation
solar system
revolve
moon
planet
rotate
phase
A. Circle the word that goes with each picture. 1.
2.
phase
Sun
3.
Neptune
4.
48
moon
telescope
solar system
planet
rotate
constellation
6.
phase
revolve
revolve
moon
rotate
planet Sun Jupiter Uranus Venus Mercury Mars Earth Saturn
5.
7.
telescope
rotate
planet
solar system
constellation
telescope
8.
solar system
constellation
moon
phase
planet
Earth Science
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
mammal telescope amphibian constellation
insect solar system
scales revolve
lungs moon
reptile planet
backbone rotate
gills phase
B. Draw a line to match each word to its meaning.
1. telescope
a group of stars that form a picture
2. constellation
something that helps us see things that are far away
3. solar system
a large object that moves around the sun
4. planet
the sun and all the objects that move around it
5. revolve
to move around the sun
6. rotate
an object that moves around a planet
7. moon
a change in the moon’s shape
8. phase
to spin
Word Fun The word telescope has the same word part as television and telephone. What do you think that word part means?
Earth Science
49
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
telescope constellation
solar system
revolve
moon
planet
rotate
phase
C. Use a word from above to finish each sentence. 1. The planets
like tops as they move
around the sun. 2. Earth has one 3. Earth is a
that moves around it. that moves around the sun. .
4. You can see stars better if you use a 5. The moon has a
in which it looks like
a full circle. 6. The sun is the center of our 7. The stars in one 8. Eight planets
50
. make the shape of a lion. around the sun.
Earth Science
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
telescope mammal constellation amphibian
insect solar system
scales revolve
lungs moon
reptile planet
backbone rotate
gillsphase
Write! If you had a telescope, what would you want to look at?
Earth Science
51
Passwords: Science Vocabulary - Book B—CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES®, Inc.—www.curriculumassociates.com—800-225-0248
