ONE STOP CAREER Career Guidance Handbook for Students

One Stop Career

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One Stop Career

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CHALLENGE, SELF -CONFIDENCE, INITIATIVE IN EUROPE

COMENIUS MULTILATERAL PROJECT 2013– 2015

Partners 1. LICEUL TEHNOLOGIC OLTCHIM, RM. VALCEA, ROMANIA (COORDINATOR) 2. STREDNA ODBORNA SKOLA DOPRAVNA, MARTINPRIEKOPA, SLOVAKIA 3. EKINOZU COK PROGRAM LISESI, TURCIA 4. GYMNÁZIUM EDUCANET OSTRAVA - S.R.O, THE CZECH REPUBLIC

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PREFACE The transition from school to career is a critical time in a young man’s life. The successful transition is the key to building high skills in a global workforce of the 21st century. One stop career, produced jointly by the participants at the Comenius multilateral project Challenge, Self- Confidence, Initiative in Europe, is a career guidance book designed to assist high school students who often find themselves unprepared for the working world after they leave the safety net of their schools into making informed decisions on education and career pathways. It also makes a deep analysis of the present and future labour market. In the first chapter, the guide provides an introduction to assessing skills, work values and setting goals in the workplace. The second chapter invites students to explore career options by describing outlook, job duties, academic requirements for specific positions and working conditions in different sectors, including interviews with successful individuals in business and the army. The career preparation chapter provides some practical advice on the importance of career planning, resumés, job interviews and career preparation strategies. The later chapters aim to explore the unemployment rate in participant European countries and barriers to the employment of young people in particular, suggesting solutions for their overcoming. Finally, the book provides insights into the impact of the technological changes on the job market and the shape of future jobs. We strongly believe that this book is an important tool for both students and teachers in helping the later to develop the knowledge and skills needed for making wise choices, manage transitions in learning and move into the workplace. One Stop Career

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Contents CHAPTER 1: SELF- AWARENESS ASSESSMENT 1.1. Knowing yourself: skills and values…………………………….9 1.2. Work values..................................................................................11 1.3. Career awareness questionnaire………………………………..13 CHAPTER 2: CAREER EXPLORATION 2.1. Jobs factfiles……………………………..……….……………15 2.2. Working conditions and technological process in Raureni Canning Factory…………………..………………………….31 2.3. Working conditions and technological process in Kia Motors company………………………………………………………………...33 2.4. Working conditions and technological process in Afşin-Elbistan Power Station...........................................................................................34 2.5. Interview with a Romanian businessman......................................35 2.6. Interview with a Slovak soldier.....................................................39 2.7. Interview with a Slovak businessman..........................................40 CHAPTER 3: CAREER PREPARATION 3.1. The Importance of Planning Future Career……………………...43 3.2. Career Development Plan.............................................................46 3.3. Instructions for filling in the Europass CV...................................51 3.4. Common job interview questions and possible answers………...53 3.5. Tips for a job interview................................................................57 3.6. Secrets to Dressing for Job Interview Success..............................61 3.7. Career preparation and work-based learning experiences: Job Shadowing................................................................................................66 CHAPTER 4: A VIEW ON THE EMPLOYMENT RATE AND REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS ON THE LABOUR MARKET 4.1. Romanian young people and labour market inclusion..................69 4.2. Un/employment amoung young people ın Turkey.......................74 4.3. Young people in the labor market– Slovakia................................89 4.4. Labour market in the European countriesa comparative study..................................................................................100 One Stop Career

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CHAPTER 5: BARRIERS TO EMPLOYMENT AND THEIR OVERCOMING 5.1. Bariers to employment……………………………….................109 5.2. General tips for overcoming unemployment barriers…………..121 CHAPTER 6: THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES ON EMPLOYMENT RATE 6.1. The impact of technology on mankind.....................................124 6.2. The impact of technology on the job market............................126 CHAPTER 7: JOBS OF THE FUTURE 7.1. New jobs in the future................................................................135 7.2. Jobs in demand in the future…………………………………..146 7.3. Jobs that will disappear in the future………………………….157 PROJECT GENERAL INFORMATION…………….……………161 REFERENCES……………………………………………………....165

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CHAPTER 1: SELF- AWARENESS ASSESSMENT 1.1. Skills & Qualities Before choosing a future job, it is essential for students to identify their personal skills and qualities, then match them to the appropriate jobs. Read Signs and Labels

Solve problems

Follow Instructions

Make decisions

Give Directions

Work with others

Write Neatly

Work unsupervised

Use ICT

Get on well with people

Explain Ideas

Get up on time

Speak to new people

Cope with emergencies

Use the telephone

Lead a group

Count accurately

Complete tasks on time

Plan how to do tasks

Think quickly

Organise others

Mend and fix things

Word process

Help others

Ask Questions

Work

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Skills

In addition to the major-specific knowledge you are gaining in your academic classes, these skills are necessary to help you be competitive when you begin to apply for internships, jobs, or graduate school. Take the time to evaluate your qualities and skills, identify your strengths and areas of growth, and establish a plan to continue to further develop these critical success factors. Top Skills/Qualities Employers Look For: 1. Ability to work in a team 2. Leadership 3. Communication skills (written) 4. Problem-solving skill 5. Strong work ethic 6. Analytical/quantitative skill One Stop Career

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7. Communication skills (verbal) 8. Initiative 9. Technical skills 10. Detail-oriented 11. Flexibility/adaptability 12. Computer skills 13. Interpersonal skills 14. Organizational ability 15. Strategic planning skill 16. Friendly/outgoing personality 17. Creativity 18. Entrepreneurial skills/risk-taker 19. Tactfulness

1.2. WORK VALUES Consider each value below. If this value is important to you, put a check mark by it. When the list is complete, go back and identify your 3 most important work values. List them in order of priority. WORK VALUES ______Authority: You control others at the work site. ______Celebrity Status: You attract immediate notice because you are well-known. ______Competition: You compete with others at the work site. ______Creativity: You use your imagination to create new ways to do or say something. ______Flexible Work Schedule: You have a job that lets you choose your own hours of work. ______Help to Others: You provide services to people who need help. ______Independence: You decide for yourself what work to do and how to do it. ______Influence.: You influence the opinions or decisions of others. One Stop Career

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______Intellectual Stimulation: You have a job that requires a considerable amount of thought and logic. ______Outside Work: You want to work outdoors. ______Persuasion: You convince others to take certain actions. ______Physical Work: You work in a job that requires substantial physical activity. ______Prestige: You have a job that gives you status and respect. ______Public Contact: You have a job in which you deal with the public every day. ______Recognition: You have a job in which you gain public notice and recognition. ______Research: You search for and discover new facts and apply them. ______Risk-Taking Work: Your job may require risks—physical or financial. ______Routine Work: You have a job in which you do the same things repeatedly. ______Seasonal Work: You are employed only at certain times of the year. ______Supervision: You direct, manage, or supervise the activities of others. ______Travel: You are required to take frequent trips in your work. ______Use of Mathematics: You use mathematics or statistics in your work. ______Variety: Your duties change frequently. ______Wealth: You have a job where you can earn a large amount of money. ______Work with Children: Your job is teaching or caring for children. ______Work with Your Hands: You work with your hands or hand tools. ______Work with Machinery: You use machines or other equipment.

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1.3. CAREER AWARENESS QUESTIONNAIRE This questionnaire was designed by the members of the COMENIUS project. Its aim is to determine our students‘ career options. Answers to the questions should be marked by putting ―x‖ symbol in the square before the answer. Thank you for your truthful answers! Details about respondent:

Age:…………………..

1. What do you intend doing after graduating high- school? a. Going to the university b. To get a job in my qualification c. To work abroad d. Request for unemployment benefits e. Other options. Name them………………………… 2. Have you planned your future career? a. Yes b. No, I haven‘t. c. I haven‘t decided yet 3. List three activities/ passions of yours you enjoy doing. ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… 4. List three personal qualities. ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… 5. What job would you like to have? ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… One Stop Career

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6. What personal qualities and skills are needed for the job you want? ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… 7. Would you like to work in your own country or abroad? ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… 8. How did you choose your job? a. It is what I like b. Financial criteria c. My parents‘ wish d. Social status 9. Have you been helped in selecting your job? a. No. b. Yes, my parents helped me. c. My group of friends d. My teachers/ school counselor e. Other persons 10. Do you consider yourself well- trained for your job? a. Yes. b. No. 11. What should you do achieve a successful career? a. Meeting successful people b. Attending training courses c. Improving my knowledge d. Nothing e. Improve my working style f. Others. Name them………………………………………………...... One Stop Career

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CHAPTER 2: CAREER EXPLORATION 2.1. Jobs factfiles BABYSITTER

Benefits for the babysitter: • Work in a comfortable place • Meet nice people • Make new friends • Some women who can´t have children can look after other children • Solid payment (limited amount of working hours) Benefits for the family: • When parents don´t have time for their children, they can hire a babysitter. • Empathy for the role of mother • Parents will have more free time Threats: - take over the role of the mother - little free time - work through the night - children can get used with the babysitter and love her more than their parents What she should be like: responsible, careful, love children, reliable, patient Requirements: experience with kids, education, good manners May the price of babysitter ruin us ? Babysitter for one time:3-6 € per hour Babysitter from an agency:4-7€ per hour Curiosities: • Babysitter from Philippines (learn foreign languages) • Dog babysitter One Stop Career

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DENTIST

The work Dentists diagnose, prevent, and treat problems with teeth or mouth tissue. They remove decay, fill cavities, examine X-rays, place protective plastic sealants on children‘s teeth, straighten teeth and repair fractured teeth. Dentists use a variety of equipment, including X-ray machine; drills and instruments such as mouth mirrors, probes, forceps, brushes, and scalpels. They wear masks, gloves and safety glasses to protect themselves and their patients from infectious diseases. Most dentists are general practitioners, handling a variety of dental needs. Other dentists practice in any of nine specialty areas:

Orthodontists the largest group of specialists, straighten teeth by applying pressure to the teeth with braces or retainers. The next group, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, operates on the mouth and jaws. Periodontitis treat gums and bone supporting the teeth. · Oral pathologists study oral diseases. · Oral maxillofacial radiologists diagnose diseases in the head and neck through the use of imaging technologies. · Prosthodontics replace missing teeth with permanent fixtures, such as crowns and bridges or with removable fixtures such as dentures. · Public health dentists promote good dental health and prevention of dental diseases within the community. Working Environment Dentists work in a clinic or office. They usually spend a significant amount of time standing and using equipment with their hands. Good manual dexterity is helpful. Typically they work 10 hour a day, 6 days a week. One Stop Career

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What skills are needed to become a Dentist? You have to be good with people, especially as a general dentist; as a specialist I don‘t think you have to be as good; but you have a good patient interaction because at he end of the day no one knows how good of a dentist you are but they do know how your bedside manner is and how you treat them. Salary and conditions What is the average annual salary for a Dentist? The annual salary for someone with the job title Dentist may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education. GRAPHIC DESIGNER Dream my painting and paint my dream

A graphic designer is responsible for creating design solutions that have a high visual impact. The role involves listening to clients and understanding their needs before making design decisions. Training, Qualifications, and Advancement Although formal schooling is not strictly required for fine artists, it is very difficult to become skilled enough to make a living without some training. Education and training. Many colleges and universities offer programs leading to a bachelor's or master's degree in fine arts. Courses usually include core subjects such as English, social science, and natural science, in addition to art history and studio art. Many educational programs in art also provide training in computer techniques. Computers are used widely in the visual arts, and knowledge and training in computer graphics and other visual display software are critical elements of many jobs in these fields. One Stop Career

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Employment Of the artists who were not self-employed, many worked for colleges, universities and professional schools; newspaper, periodical, book, and software publishers; and store retailers. Some self-employed artists offered their services to advertising agencies, design firms, publishing houses, and other businesses. Employment is projected to grow about as fast as the average. Competition for jobs is expected to be keen for both salaried and freelance jobs in all specialties because the number of people with creative ability and an interest in this career is expected to continue to exceed the number of available openings. The majority of fine artists work independently, either commissioned by clients or on their own initiative, to create artistic works. While most fine artists work on their own, they may also be employed by museums and galleries, educational and art institutions (as instructors) or work in private studios on special commissions. A graphic design project may involve the stylization and presentation of existing text and either preexisting imagery or images developed by the graphic designer. Graphic design principles may be applied to each graphic art element individually as well as to the final composition. AIRLINE PILOT

As an airline pilot you would fly passengers and cargo to destinations around the world. This can be an exciting and challenging job, but it involves a lot of responsibility. If you are keen on aircraft and travel this could be ideal for you. The work Your duties would typically include: · carrying out pre-flight checks of instruments, engines and fuel · making sure that all safety systems are working properly One Stop Career

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· working out the best route based on weather reports and other information from air traffic control · following airport approach and landing instructions from air traffic control · checking flight data and making adjustments to suit weather changes · keeping passengers and crew informed about journey progress · writing flight reports after landing, including about any aircraft or flight path problems · on small planes, helping to load and unload luggage or cargo. On flights taking a short amount of time (short haul flights), you would normally work in a two-person team, as pilot (captain) or copilot (first officer). On long haul flights, you would often have a flight engineer on board, who would check the instruments. You might also work in other areas of aviation, such as crop spraying, flight testing and flight training. Skills, interests and qualities To become an airline pilot, you will need to have: · the ability to follow spoken instructions from air traffic control · the ability to give clear, confident instructions to crew members and passengers · good teamwork skills · the ability to work with technology · good hand-to-eye coordination · the ability to read maps and 3D displays · good written communication skills . the ability to remain calm, and take charge in an emergency. Training and development Your training to reach the frozen ATPL level could take between 9 and 36 months, depending on which entry route you follow. It may take less time if you already have a Private Pilot's Licence, Commercial Pilot's Licence or experience in the armed forces. Training will include: One Stop Career

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 flight principles  navigation and communications  meteorology  operational procedures  aviation law  use of flight simulators and flying real aircraft. During the training period, you would learn basic flying skills and usually work towards frozen ATPL. You would normally start work as a co-pilot (first officer) alongside a training captain on short-haul flights. This would give you maximum experience of take offs and landings. A full ATPL is normally awarded after 1500 flying hours, with at least 500 of these as a co-pilot. Eventually you could become a fully qualified captain.

GAME TESTER

The Dream This is the job every boy wants when he's 13 and it is, in fact, real. Video game developers and companies will actually pay people to playvideo games all day, as that's the only way to track down bugs before release. And yes, "before release" means not only you get paid to play, you get to play the games months or years before anyone else. The Reality The entire point of play testing is to find the parts of the game that are horrible, frustrating and broken, and play them over and over and over and over. The life of a games tester is ruled by strict guidelines from the developers which condemn you to playing the same small section of One Stop Career

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the same game for your entire eight hour shift. Each time you hit a glitche, you write up a small treatise describing exactly how you found it. They'll try to fix it; you'll go back the same spot and play it over and over again to make sure. This goes on for weeks. Also keep in mind that sometimes you won't even get to play games, but, rather, will be asked to test the hardware itself which includes such lifeaffirming assignments as turning the console on and off hundreds of times while carefully timing and documenting how long it takes to power-up each time. Becoming a Video Game Tester If you're patient, detail oriented and seriousabout becoming a video game tester, there are several ways to move forward. First, if you live in a metropolitan area, it's quite possible there are companies that contract for video game testing services in your area. Check the classifieds. In those cases, you simply fill out an application and wait for a call back. Network with your other gaming friends and try to establish contacts inside the companies. Not all testing jobs are created equal. Unfortunately, many studios treat their QA department as second-class citizens – and pay them accordingly. At others, the testing and QA groups are treated as key partners in developing video games that are stable, bug free and fun. What I‘ve observed is this: The studios that treat testers as an integrated part of the development teams tend to pay them more. The studios that treat the testing group as a sectioned-off ―service‖ group tend to pay less. They also use more contract and temporary testers and the turnover in their QA departments is higher as a result. If you just want the high-level overview, here it is: Video game tester salaries start around $18,000 and top out around $55,000 annually for experienced lead testers. But it‘s important to keep in mind that testing jobs at many companies are temporary positions. That means the company might not pay for the tester‘s health insurance, applicable employment taxes and other benefits that are offered to permanent workers. One Stop Career

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BASS PLAYER

If you have played guitar before, or don't ever plan on buying a new bass, or just have played before, go to a music store. Ask to try out the basses, and they will try to talk you into a bass. Just ignore it, and try out any bass that looks good to you. What you should look for in a bass is whether you will be playing only rock, only jazz, or a little of each. If you only plan on playing rock, I suggest a precision bass, they have a deeper tone. A jazz bass is the opposite, it has a brighter tone.When you are looking at basses, don't look at the price tag, that comes next. If you fell in love with a bass, tell the workers there why and they might have a cheaper version. Also, ask for someone who can play the bass, people who don't want not know much about a bass. Some steps that will show you how to become a great bassist 1. Practice! You want to be good at your instrument! A bad bassist is the kind other band members will hold in contempt, but an excellent bassist is the kind who will impress anyone who hears the band and will receive generous amounts of solo time. (A generous amount of bass solo time is anything above five seconds of a song) Be sure to practice. 2. Know where you fit in the band! Realize that the bass is not usually a lead instrument and embrace the fact! The greatest bass lines can sometimes be the simplest, depending on the song. If you are upset because the bass line in a cover your band is performing is comprised of long strings of the same note, understand that you are probably playing a punk, emo, or mainstream rock song and the guitarist's long strings of power chords aren't much more exciting to play. When song writing, don't go to ridiculous lengths, to give you a technically complicated part. If it fits, great! If not, just make it simpler until it flows with the rest of the band. 3. Learn to play secondary instruments like keyboards, guitar, or One Stop Career

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percussion instruments, or simply do backup vocals! That way, you can still be part of the performance in a song that simply doesn't need a bass; an acoustic number, for example. 4. Have a personality! This is especially important for live playing. If you have as much stage presence as the singer and guitarist, you will be paid at least as much attention as the guitarist. High-five any fans that hold their hands up to the stage, dance around, be fun to watch! It helps to be noticed if your appearance is radically different from the other members, but don't change your personality! Also be original! Also one of the most important steps in every career: Learn from the best! Examples of great bassists: - Shavo Odadjian (System of a Down) - David Ellefson (Megadeth) - Robert Trujillo (Metallica) - Tom Araya (Slayer) [He is a bassist and vocalist] - John Moyer (Disturbed) - Slash (Guns N` Roses) - Cliff Williams (AC-DC) Slash is one of the most well known bassists ever. He is also famous for being member of Hard Rock band Guns N` Roses.

POLICE– OFFICER

Being a cop has the following uses:  Serve and protect the citizens  Give information to pedestrians and motorists  Patrol specified areas by foot, motorcycle, or car  Direct traffic and escort convoys  Protect and escort famous athletes, celebrities and politicians One Stop Career

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 Assist in riot controls  Write traffic citations  Respond to domestic disturbances, traffic accidents, & emergency situations  Watch for law violators/wanted persons and arrest them  Transport prisoners  Serve warrants & subpoenas  Appear in court to testify  Conduct initial investigations of crime scenes and assist detectives  Write reports and bulletins A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder. Their powers include the legitimized use of force. Skills, interests and qualities To become a police officer you will need to have: · honesty, confidence, social awareness and a responsible attitude. · the ability to assess a situation, react quickly and take positive action. · resilience. · the ability to remain calm in sometimes life-threatening situations. · the ability to work alone and in a team. · strong communication skills. · courage, initiative and common sense. · good fitness levels. · good literacy skills. · a firm but tactful approach. · the ability to show tolerance and courtesy to the public. · self-discipline. · the ability to give and receive instructions, knowledge of the law. Training and development You would spend the first two years as a student police officer. The stages cover wide-ranging training, including policing skills, legislation, investigative methods, community partnership working and professional standards. One Stop Career

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You would be supported throughout the probation period and your skills and knowledge would be continually assessed. After successfully completing your probation, you would be awarded the rank of police constable. After becoming a police constable, you could apply to specialise in a number of areas, for example:  CID, fraud or traffic  drugs or firearms  counter-terrorism  air support or underwater search  dog handling or mounted policing. A police uniformconsists of:  Black shoes or boots  Black or dark blue socks  T-Shirt (Authorized)  Trousers (Issued)  Black Belt  Short-sleeved shirt (Issued)  Summer hat  Gun belt, leather accessories and holster (Issued)  Badge  Name plate  Rank insignia  In addition to these, officers are issued winter uniforms including long-sleeved shirts and jackets.

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TEACHER A teacher is like a candle which lights others, consuming himself

The role of a teacher may vary between cultures. Primary school teacher teach the alphabet and arithmetic, or some of the other disciplines. Other teachers can provide formal instruction or training, geography, arts, religion or spirituality, civic, history, or life skills. A teacher‘s qualities: · Patient · Friendly · Interesting · Sympathetic · Kind · Honest · Funny A good teacher must be friendly, funny and always bring each lesson teaching a new idea to attract attention and arouse students curiousity. Defects to be corrected in this profession and social life are racism and jealousy that lead to differentiation of students, favoring or disfavoring some of them. Foundation that puts all the qualities of a good teacher is love for children. VIDEO-GAMES DEVELOPER/DESIGNER

Developing and Designing Video Games is not as easy as it may seem. It is a great job for all those video games enthusiasts out there but it also involves a lot of work from designing and coding characters and levels to programming complicated physics and graphics engines. A lot of times designing and developing teams of around 15-20 people are made to work on a single game. One Stop Career

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More than any other discipline in the video game industry, the game designer is the most outwardly glamorous position. You are the linchpin that holds animation, art, and programming together. There are a great number of rewards for being a game designer, you get to see your ideas and creations take shape and come to life on the screen, your work gets seen by a lot of people, there is no dress code and work hours are usually very flexible. Since I love games and presumably you do too, you get to work in an industry that creates things that you love and is your favorite hobby. Video game design is the video game development process of designing the content and rules of a video game in the pre-production stage and design of gameplay, environment, storyline, and characters during production stage. The designer of a game is very much like the director of a film; the designer is the visionary of the game and controls the artistic and technical elements of the game in fulfillment of their vision. Video game design requires artistic and technical competence as well as writing skills. Within the video game industry, video game design is usually just referred to as "game design", which is a more general term elsewhere. There are a lot of Video Games companies out there that make great games each year and make a lot of money to keep up with the demanding fans. There will always be competition between video games companies, but that is what drives them to make better games wich are more visually impressive, more realistic and have new and innovative gameplay features and functions. Also the fact that they work in collaboration with companies like Sony and Microsoft wkich make the well known PlayStation and Xbox helps video games companies grow a lot by releasing their newest games on multiple platforms other than PC, but this also creates rivalry between companies that create these platforms wich is not a bad thing because that makes them build more powerfull and faster consoles and PCs as the competition grows. To work as a Video-Game Designer you also need to have a lot of creativity and an active mind. Usually the first thing a designer has to do is draw and make some concepts and artworks for the characters and levels for the game. One Stop Career

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DOCTOR

Being a doctor means to be the person skilled in the science of medicine,trained and licensed to treat sick and injured people A doctor’s qualities:  Concern for people  An enquiring mind  An interest in people  A rational approach  An open mind  Ability to handle  pressure  Determination  Patience Being a doctor comes with a lot of responsibility. A doctor‘s patients rely on their physician for the best medical help possible! Because of this, doctors must go through a lot of school and training before they can practice medicine. Not all doctors do the same thing. Some doctors work in an office, others in the hospital, and some in places you might not think of, like laboratories where they develop new medicines and research. Doctors see patients, run and interpret tests, prescribe medicines or treatments, talk to patients about how to stay healthy, respond to emergencies, and regularly read books and medical journals or take classes to keep their knowledge up-to-date.

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PSYCHOLOGIST

“Whenever you're in conflict with someone, there is one factor that can make the difference between damaging your relationship and deepening it. That factor is attitude.” William James

Qualities of a Great Psychologist are: - An interest in continuing education - Communication sills - Compassion, patience - Emotional stability - Ethics - Interpersonal skills A Career as a Psychologist A psychologist is someone who studies the mind and behaviour. While people often think of talk therapy when they hear the word psychologist, this profession actually encompasses a wide range of specialty areas including such things as animal research and organizational behaviour. Many psychologists work independently and also team up with other professionals — for example, with other scientists, physicians, lawyers, school personnel, computer experts, engineers, policymakers and managers — to contribute to every area of society.Thus, we find them in laboratories, hospitals, courtrooms, schools and universities, community health centers, prisons and corporate offices. How Does a Psychologist Differ From a Psychiatrist? Many people are not quite sure of the distinction between these two professions, but if you are planning a career in mental health or seeking a mental health provider, it is important to understand exactly how a psychologist differs from a psychiatrist. The simplest answer lies in the educational background required for each profession. A psychiatrist has a degree in medicine and a psychologist has a doctoral-level degree in psychology. One Stop Career

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What they do? Practicing psychologists help a wide variety of people and can treat many kinds of problems. Some people may talk to a psychologist because they have felt depressed, angry or anxious for a long time. Or, they want help for a chronic condition that is interfering with their lives or physical health. Others may have short-term problems they want help navigating, such as feeling overwhelmed by a new job or grieving the death of a family member. Psychologists can help people learn to cope with stressful situations, overcome addictions, manage their chronic illnesses and break past the barriers that keep them from reaching their goals. Practicing psychologists are also trained to administer and interpret a number of tests and assessments that can help diagnose a condition or tell more about the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves. These tests may evaluate intellectual skills, cognitive strengths and weaknesses, vocational aptitude and preference, personality characteristics and neuropsychological functioning. Is becoming a psychologist the best choice for you? Before you decide, spend some time seriously considering your goals and interests.Don't let a single factor, such as projected salary, guide your decision-making process.Instead, look at each career as a whole including the educational and licensing requirements, job outlook, work settings and typical job duties.

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2.2. Working conditions and technological process in RAURENI CANNING FACTORY Participants at the project meeting in Romania participated at a study visit at Raureni canning factory, one of the best known Romanian brands, with more than 40 year tradition in fruit and vegetable canning. According to the evaluation questionnaire answers -given by the participants- the following conclusions could be drawn: 1. The factory was created in 1968 and is well- known for producing fruit and vegetable preserves and natural concentrate juice. The company‘s logo is: FROM NATURE WITH LOVE 2. Raureni canning factory produces over 90 different assortments, ranging from fruit and vegetable cans, such as confitures, jams, fruit in syrup, fruit paste, puree and butter, pickles in vinegar and brine, tomato-based products (puree, paste, whole tomatoes and tomato cubes in tomato sauce, passata), vegetables for soup, ready-made, to other product lines such as vinegars, syrups and 100% natural apple juice concentrate. 3. Following the multimedia presentation, discussions with the factory‘s representatives and the visit to various sectorsof the factory, students identified the following fruit- based products: compotes (apricot, cherry, peach, plum, grapes, sour cherry), jams (apricot, cherry, peach, plum, chestnut, strawberry), confitures (orange, rose, raspberry, blueberry), natural juice (apple, sour cherry) and syrup (elderberry, apple, orange, tropical, blackberry, cherry). The following vegetable- based products were also identified: pickles- in vinegar or brine- (cucumbers, red beetroot, cauliflower, red cabbage, green tomatoes), ready- made vegetables for cooking (spinach, mushrooms, peas), tomato paste and puree, ready made vegetable stew, zacusca, beans in tomato sauce). 4. The norms of quality regarding the products and raw materials: the company guides according to a series of principles of bringing to the customers‘ homes the precious gifts of nature. Therefore, the raw One Stop Career

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materials used come from certified sources and respect all the norms regarding freshness, nutritive qualities and external appearance. 30% of the raw materials are supplied internally by the holding‘s own greenhouses and plantations. The rest of them are imported from nearby countries. 5. About 10% of the company‘s products are sold to countries like Germany, Austria, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, England, Canada, Israel, Australia, USA and Russia. 6. The rebranding process started in 2010, when the company was overtaken by Annabella group, with the aim of positioning the products in the perception of the final consumer, as premium, natural products, of superior quality. It was particularly invested in 4 high performance tooling and processing lines, 7. As concerning the employees, there are about 400 people at an average age of 25- 30 working in the factory. Most of them are women working in production. The work is divided into 2 shifts. Considering the human resources, the factory‘s policy is a protective one, based on providing the best working conditions and chances of self- development and promotion. 8. The factory‘s concern for consumers is based on respect andcare for their desires and needs. Their commitment is to be highly receptive to their customers‘ signals concerning the changes of tastes, eating habits, health and nutritional needs. As an overall conclusion, participants found this experience interesting and useful. Yet, many of them stated that they wouldn‘t like to work there, due to noisy working conditions.

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2.3. Working conditions and technological process in KIA MOTORS car company The plant located in Zilina, Slovakia, is the only one Kia motors car company located in Europe. It all started in 2004 when the investment agreement was signed. The production started in 2006. Currently the plant produces 5 types of cars, named CEE‘D, VENGA and SPORTAGE, the number of unit raising up to 313,000 units per year. More than 1.7 million cars have been sold since the launch of production in 2006. You can buy Kia cars everywhere in the world, but the top- sales are in Russia( 25%), Great Britain(15%), Germany(10%), Spain(5%) and Italy(5%). The most popular Kia car is Sportage, which is a big, safe, comfortable family car. Their slogan is ―The power to surprise”. Kia company produce the Diesel and gasoline engines for their cars but they also cooperate with Hyunday motors car company, to whom they provide engines, in exchange for robots. The plant stretches on a surface on 233 ha and is divided into 2 parts: the first section has 2 units where the engines are made (mobis) and the second section where they produce the cars( press shop, body shop, paint, assembly, test track). The largest one is the assembly section. The most difficult and precise work is done by robots. There are 3.800 employees working in this plant, out of which 480 work in the administrative field. The working process is organized in 3 shifts. The average age of the employees is from 31-35 years old. 60% of the total numbers of workers have secondary education, while the rest of 40% have university education. Motivating their employees is one of the most important policies of this company: it consists of benefits, cheaper cars, entertainment, etc. Corporate social responsibility. The company is a partner of the Special Olympics, but it also supports the development of Zilina region by building green spaces, donations and volunteering.

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All the participants were interested in the technological process and working environment. Concerning the working life, they concluded with some positive and negative aspects. The strong points are: you can communicate with colleagues, the companies‘ care for its employees, clean and safe working environment. The weak points are: very loud noise, repetitive tasks, and employers‘ risk of being hurt. All in all, this field experiment proved to be an useful experience in choosing our future careers.

2.4. Working conditions and technological process in AFŞIN-ELBISTAN POWER STATION After the visit to Ekinözü town hall, all participating groups departed to Afşin-Elbistan power station. First, students and teachers were informed about the history of the power plant and technology used there. They also learned about the surrounding area and its vital importance for Turkish industry.After the presentation students and teachers were showed round the power plant. The tour made it to possible to understand the process of electricity production and its demanding and complex character. They also learn about practical features of working in modern industry. Students´ attention was also drawn to expert knowledge of employees which makes running of the power plant possible. During the tour students had to fill in the questionnaire which tested their ability to understand and remember the information they were presented. The outcomes of the questionnaire were used for evaluation of activities. The results proved that students enjoyed the visit and grasped the importance of industrialization of the area of Afşin-Elbistan.

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2.5. Interview with a Romanian businessman Reporter: Ladies and Gentlemen, We are pleased to discuss today with a young Romanian entrepreneur, the manager of Georal company, a bakery brand wellknown to local consumers. Mr. Georgescu, hello! Mr. Georgescu: Hello! Reporter: First of all, I would like to thank you for your kindness of accepting talking to us. You’re running a family business in bakery. As far as we know, there is a very interesting story related to this. Can you share it with us? Mr. Georgescu: You‘re welcome! Of course, I can tell you some things and problems. It was a pure coincidence for me and my wife to start this business. It all started in 2006, when both of us were students in the last year in the academic center of Sibiu. I was attending the Constructions Engineering courses and my wife the Food Industry courses. When we graduated university, as well as our colleagues, we were to start searching for jobs in Sibiu. At that time, the private sector had started to invest more in new jobs, better- paid jobs. I‘ m telling you all of this, because in 2006 my grandfather happened to obtain the restitution of his own land and of the building which is now the bakery. The restitution process started in 1994 as a result of the Revolution. My grandfather‘s properties had been nationalized during the communist regime, before 1989; after years of struggle with bureaucracy and everything that happened, he managed to have his land and bakery building back. Both me and my wife were very happy to start a business immediately after graduating university, especially that she was qualified in food industry. This is how I started my own business in bakery. Reporter: What were the major difficulties that you faced when you started the business?

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Mr. Georgescu: The difficulties were endless. First of all, it was the shortage of qualified workers. I met people without any goals and people living from day to day who, when finding something to work, proved to be unserious. They used to say:‖ If we fire us, from tomorrow on, we‘ll continue living the way we did before‖. It was also our lack of experience, some people‘s reluctance, other‘s envy and much more. Reporter: What products and services do you offer? Mr. Georgescu: Our current products are: bread in various weights from 300-800g, pitta bread, rolls and cozonaci (panettone) upon request. Reporter: What recipes and raw materials do you use? G: We use traditional recipes. In addition to the wheat flour, which is the main ingredient, we use only yeast and salt. The most important thing is the leavening and the baking process. Reporter: Who do you seek advice from for your business? Mr. Georgescu: Over time and especially when we started this business, having no experience and without facing the life, both my parents and my wife‘s parents helped us and were always behind us. Particularly, it was my father who, as a forestry engineer, has a lot of experience in working with people; he advised me all the time. Reporter: When you are hiring a baker, what do you look for? Mr. Georgescu: First and foremost, seriousness. As I‘ve told you, reliability is the main factor, perhaps. I‘m not looking for very experienced, but serious and reliable workers. I want them to enjoy what they do and love coming to work so that, on the whole, it would be a team that works in a pleasant atmosphere and achieves quality products. Reporter: Do you consider yourself a satisfied entrepreneur? Mr. Georgescu: Yes, I can say I‘m satisfied. I think there were good years between 2008 and 2012, and the business went well in that period. We opened the business in 2007, as I‘ve told you. But the crisis has still persisted in our county since 2012 and I think that the government policy is to be blamed for that. One Stop Career

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With the closing of Oltchim Company (the biggest chemical company in our area) many jobs in the county disappeared, especially in the city. As a consequence, people do not have much money, they can not afford to spend money as they used to. Let me tell you frankly, other problems would be with the competing companies that are not as correct as we are. I mean, one is when you are honest and pay all your taxes to the state, such as VAT and income tax, and the other is when other companies, I do not know how, can avoid these things and sell products with lower prices. Reporter: How do you sell your products? Mr. Georgescu: When I started my business I did not imagine that in a village..... oh, I forgot to tell you that our business is in a rural area, a very nice one, where, unfortunately, live fewer and fewer people . Due to the fact that they didn‘t find jobs, many of them slowly began to leave the village while those who remained do not like to work. So, as I‘ve just said, in a village with about 4000 inhabitants, I did not imagine that we wouldn‘t be able to sell approximately 20002500 products per day. You know, there were many shops, but people were envious with us, so we could not stick to these shopkeepers. In time, we managed to open three shops of our own in the nearby villages where we are currently selling our own products. Apart from these shops, we also sell a considerable amount of products in Horezu, a town located at about 10 km from our village. Moreover, thanks to the business owners Dorina Mutu and the Crăciunescu family, we have succeeded in commercializing our bread in Ramnicu Valcea(the biggest town in the county) in Annabella si Diana chain- stores. Reporter : Why do the customers prefer your products ? Mr. Georgescu: I think that, once you have tasted our product, it's hard not to prefer it. We use traditional recipes. We do not use additives and other substances harmful to health. The only raw materials are flour, yeast and salt. The leavening is natural, as you'll see in the film, and the baking is done on the hearth. The bread is placed in the oven and removed with a wooden shovel. Reporter: Just like in the grandmother’s time. One Stop Career

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Mr. Georgescu: That‘s right. Even the leavening, as you can see in the film, is achieved naturally, not with steamers or other harmful substances. Reporter: How many hours a day do you work? Mr. Georgescu: I can tell you that there were days, especially at the beginning, when both me and my wife worked permanently. We could not make any progress until we learnt ourselves how to prepare our products. My wife had to learn to shape the bread, bake it, and all the other stages of the technological process. I always helped her. In the mornings we also used to distribute our products. There were days when we started work at 5:00 in the morning and finished at 12.00 at night. Reporter: What future plans do you have? Mr. Georgescu: As I‘ve already mentioned, 2014 has been a difficult year for us. Next year we will try to modernize the bakery; I mean that we‘ll try to change the technological flow but we also intend to expand on the market. We will continue to produce traditional bread for our customers but in order to meet the expectancies and attract new customers, we are going to increase our share of the market by producing fluffy bread. Reporter: What are the qualities of a businessman, in your opinion? Mr. Georgescu: A businessman should involve in what he‘s doing, know the technological flow, be close to people, know how to approach people, be flexible and open to what is new. Reporter: Many Romanian young people want to start their own business after graduation. Could you give them some advice? Mr. Georgescu: Yeah, the same thing happened to us. As I‘ve told you, me and my wife had just graduated university when we started this business. A tip for the young people would be to dedicate to their business, get to know the business flow, know how to approach people in order to be well- understood, be flexible and open to what is new.

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Reporter: Once you make the decision to open your own business, what should you take into account: your passion, your dream, a sum of money, the data you have gathered about the market? Mr. Georgescu: I believe that the pleasure must be combined with the financial side. Of course, you must study the market, but if you get to do a business, it must be something that you like doing, something to involve in with your being. Reporter: Do Romanians have an entrepreneurial attitude? Mr. Georgescu: The Romanians yes, but Romania, as a state, no. The state offers very little help to small and medium enterprises. I would see differently the help from the state in terms of SMEs, I mean that when someone decides to involve in a business, the government must support him. Unfortunately, the numerous taxes, requirements and supervisions are often very difficult obstacles to pass. Reporter: Thank you again for kindly granting us this interview. We wish you good luck with your business and hope that this discussion could be for us a real example that you can’t succeed in life unless you work with dedication and responsibility.

2.6. Interview with a Slovak soldier Student : How has your profession influenced your life? Soldier : It hasn´t influenced my life significantly, I was often late for school and left earlier. My mum made me lunch, now I have to go to work in the morning and I have to take care of my life myself. Student : Where were you serving? Soldier : I was serving in Levice for 1 year then I applied to serve in Martin where I am still serving. Student : What does your family think of it? Soldier : I tell my parents I am at the military training. I don´t tell them I go fighting...because they worry about me. Student : When did you decide to be a soldier? Soldier : When I was 12. Student : Have you been in a foreign country for a mission? One Stop Career

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Soldier : I was on the Ukrainian border.We go to Lešť for military training. We go shooting to Záhorie. Student : How were you doing at school? Soldier : I was doing quite well...it was like a game for me... Student : What would you like to achieve? Soldier : I would like to work in a mission, where I could probably go in March. Student : Is there bulling in the Army? Soldier : It shouldn´t exist but people are different...I haven´t heard about it in our squad. It is punished.I have had no conflicts. Student : OK, that´s all. Thank you for the interview.

2.7. Interview with Roman Skákala – a successful Slovak young businessman Teacher: Let me introduce you our school graduate Roman Skákala who came to tell you about his career, his job, about what he has achieved so far. Businessman: Ok, I will start. My name is Roman Skákala. I work as a head distribution in central Slovak power engineering. I studied at this school. Then I went to study at the University in Žilina I studied electric traction and power engineering. I graduated university in 2001. As a topic for my final examination I have chosen a practica topic and it opened the door to my future job. I worked as a technologist for 2 years. Then in 2003 I started working for central Slovak power engineering as a supervisor at the call centre. After 10 years I became the head of distribution. Our team was in charge of the new connections it means the electricity supply to homes and companies. As far as the career path is concerned, my experience is that it is appropriate and even desired for secondary school or university students to have their practical education or a part-time job to gain practical experience from different companie. One Stop Career

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It will open the door for you to get the job in the company. Thanks to that I had got job offers before graduating my university studies. One of the positions I was offered was difficult to get to. Student: When you look back, what are you proud of? Businessman: Well, in my profession I‘m proud of my diploma work, and that I was one of the best students at school, at my final university exam I met the head manager of the Slovak railway. He saw me for the first time and offered me a position at his office. In my private life I am married, I have 2 children. My son inherited my singing skills. My daughter inherited sport skills. Then there was my sport career. I played football for Žilina. I have a silver medal from Slovak Championship. Student: Was there a time when you wanted to come to an end? Businessman: There are situations when you want to change something and it isn‘t possible, you are sitting in the office, and you don‘t know if you should cry or laugh. Student: Do you think we should have plans and aims for the future? Businessman: From my point of view, we should have an idea. Student: Is good education important? Businessman: For some positions secondary education is sufficient, but some require university education. Student: Are you satisfied with your salary? Businessman: Nobody is satisfied with his salary, not even the head manager. Student: Do you spend many hours at work? Businessman: Not only long hours at work, it happens I think of the work on holiday. But I am not a workaholic. Student: Do you want to work at a higher position? Businessman: Don‘t look at the gloss of head managers.

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My boss goes on holiday and during weekends she works. She stays late at work. People only see much money. People in high positions make great decisions, which they are responsible for. Student: Are you satisfied with the life you lead? You are still at work... Businessman: You know... there are good days and there are worse days…. I am not saying I am doing badly. As it is said in one film... Keep smiling, it won‘t help you, but it will make many people mad. Teacher: I would like to thank you for sharing your experience with us. Our youth will need it soon. They will finish school and will apply for a job. Thank you and we wish you all the best.

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CHAPTER 3: CAREER PREPARATION 3.1 The Importance of Planning Future Career Georgeta Predescu project coordinating teacher “Think not of yourself as the architect of your career but as the sculptor. Expect to have to do a lot of hard hammering and chiseling and scraping and polishing” BC Forbes

A successful, happy individual will tell you that the importance of planning your career path is to ensure that you will always have a roadmap to follow. Having a career path is like having a professional insurance policy. By doing this, students will have identified and learned the skills necessary to make them more attractive to a wider range of employers and will have identified and gained the skills and training they need to take on more responsibility and so they will know what skills and responsibilities to look for in their future job. This way, they could have a broader perspective, earn more and be more satisfied with their work. Unfortunately, there are many students who are clueless about their pursuits after graduation, as they do not plan ahead. Finally, they end up earning little and feeling dissatisfied. Career planning can help them to realize their intentions and dreams - and if they want to have a stable future, proper planning is the key to success.

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Today's organizations cannot promise their employees lifetime careers. The employer is forced to focus on the best interests of the company - which may, or may not, be the same as the best interests of each employee. He can help you manage your career and grow professionally by providing training, job progression and increasing responsibility. However, it is up to you to actually plan your career by deciding on your goals and the intermediate steps and jobs that you want to take to achieve your dreams. You are the only person that can truly understand the importance of planning your career path. The focus today is on acquiring multiple skills and cross functionality, and not on specialization. With proper career planning, we can avoid dead end jobs. Career planning helps us to focus on our positive and negative traits. Planning your career basically starts after the secondary level of education. After a certain level of education, we have to decide on our careers, to be able to pursue higher education that will help us to secure good job opportunities. Without proper planning, we may find ourselves lost - it will also be difficult to find the job we want in the future. Career planning motivates and drives us to accomplish the task. A well-planned career helps us to achieve our goals and dreams. As time passes by, we grow and our needs change. Therefore, to keep pace with the future, we need to plan well ahead. Career planning helps us to make many adjustments along the way as we keep learning throughout our lives. Successful people are those who have adopted proper career planning. First of all, it is important to understand your skills, knowledge and personal qualities so you can match them to jobs you One stop career

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would like to do. This will also help you identify the knowledge and skills you might need to acquire, or the personal qualities you might need, to achieve your career goals. Therefore, an accurate and realistic assessment of these things is vital. The most difficult part of career strategy and planning is finding out what jobs are likely to suit you best; mentors and guides play a decisive role at this stage in career planning. Then, it is time to make some decisions. Carefully consider the information you have gathered. If you are unable to identify a specific job you want, indicate your goals in more general terms. But remember: the more specific you can be, the easier it will be to plan. Now that you have decided on your goals, you can develop an action plan to help you put your career strategy into action. Permanently review and adjust your plan. Revisiting your strategy will help to reinforce and clarify your thinking, and can help you decide if you need to change your career strategy, seek help or advice or put more effort into achieving your goals.

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3.2. Career Development Plan Completion of this plan will follow a 4 step process. Each step will address specific career related questions: 1. What skills do you already possess? (Where are you now?) 2. What do you want for your career? (Where do you want to go?) 3. How might you get there? (What steps do you need to take to get there?) 4. Who can help? (What resources might I use?) 1. Where are you now? This process starts with taking a good look at where you are currently at. What are your skills, talents and interests? What are your values – do you like to lead, work with people or alone with data or text? Do you like working face to face with people or prefer independent work? Do you like to work inside or outside? Do you like working to deadlines? Which teams do you like working on, quiet or loud, small or large? Answering the questions below will assist you in determining your starting point. Where am I now in regards to my career? What is my view of current situation? Am I prepared? What do I enjoy most? What do I think my strengths/assets are? (Skills, knowledge, talents, One stop career

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interests)? What are some things people ask me to help with? What do I do well? Do I like to lead, work with people as a team or work alone (with data or text)? Do I like working face to face with customers or back office work? How do I feel when I think about my ideal job (excited, motivated, fear)? Is there anything getting in my way of achieving what I want? 2. Where do you want to go? What you'll do next is: ● Consider your career goals ● Explore your career options. ● Develop concise written statements related to your goals and add them to the table below. What does my ideal job look like?

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If I could do any job in the world what might it be and why? What are my goals (short/long term)?

Where do I want to be (in 1 yr, in 5 yrs)

Why is this important to me?

3. How might I get there? By answering questions 1 &2, you should now have a clearer idea of what you want & where you want to go. The next step is figuring out how you might get there. What do you need to do? Below are some questions you may consider in deciding what resources may be useful. How can I prepare myself and my environment to achieve my goals? What steps do I need to take to get from where I am now to where I want to be? What new skills, One stop career

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knowledge do I need to possess? What new skills do I want to learn?

What barriers do I need to remove to make this happen?

4. Who can help (resources)? Knowing who can assist you and what resources you need to achieve your career goals can greatly assist you in staying focused on your goals. What new relationships might I build help me attain my career goals? What role can my friends, family and school take in encouraging me to stay focused? 5. Setting Goals Now that you have a clearer picture of where you are now and where you want to go , it is now time to set some goals for yourself. Using the SMART goal setting process is a good way to achieve this. SMART One stop career

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→ Specific (so you know exactly what you are trying to achieve) → Measurable (so you know when you have achieved it!) → Action-oriented (so you can DO something about it!) → Realistic (so it IS achievable) and →Time-Bound (has a deadline) Personal Career Plan – Goal Summary Goal

Specific knowledge, skills achieved

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How will I achieve the goal?

What resources do I need (people, material etc)

By when (timeline)

Success criteria – how will I know I have been successful?

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3.3. Instructions for filling in the Europass CV Before you start: Five basic principles for a good CV 1. Concentrate on the essentials • Employers generally spend less than one minute reading a CV before deciding to reject it, or to shortlist it for detailed consideration. If you fail to make the right impact, you missed your chance. • If applying for an advertised vacancy, always ensure that you comply with any application process entirely. The vacancy notice might specify: how to apply (CV, application form, online application), the length and/or format of the CV, whether a covering letter is required, etc. • Be brief: two A4 pages are usually more than enough, irrespective of your education or experience. Do not exceed three pages. If you hold a degree, include your secondary school qualifications only if relevant to the job in question. • Is your work experience limited? Describe your education and training first; highlight volunteering activities and placements or traineeships. 2. Be clear and concise • Use short sentences. Avoid clichés. Concentrate on the relevant aspects of your training and work experience. • Give specific examples. Quantify your achievements. • Update your CV as your experience develops. Don‘t hesitate to remove old information if it does not add value for the position. 3. Always adapt your CV to suit the post you are applying for • Highlight your strengths according to the needs of the employer and focus on the skills that match the job.

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• Do not include work experience or training which is not relevant to the application. • Explain any breaks in your studies or career giving examples of any transferable skills you might have learned during your break. • Before sending your CV to an employer, check again that it corresponds to the required profile. • Do not artificially inflate your CV; if you do, you are likely to be found out at the interview. 4. Pay attention to the presentation of your CV • Present your skills and competences clearly and logically, so that your advantages stand out. • Put the most relevant information first. • Pay attention to spelling and punctuation. • Print your CV on white paper (unless you are asked to send it electronically). • Retain the suggested font and layout. 5. Check your CV once you have filled it in • Correct any spelling mistakes, and ensure the layout is clear and logical. • Have someone else re-read your CV so that you are sure the content is clear and easy to understand. • Do not forget to write a cover letter. Source: http://europass.cedefop.europa.eu - © European Union, 2002-2013 Page 1 / 5

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3.4. Common job interview questions and possible answers 1. What can you tell me about yourself? 2. Why do you want to work for this company? 3. How would you describe yourself? ● I'm a people person. I really enjoy meeting and working with a lot of different people. ● I'm a perfectionist. I pay attention to all the details, and like to be sure that everything is just right. ● I'm a creative thinker. I like to explore alternative solutions to problems and have an open mind about what will work best. ● I'm efficient and highly organized. This enables me to be as productive as possible on the job. ● I enjoy solving problems, troubleshooting issues, and coming up with solutions. I‘ m reliable, punctual, organized,friendly, honest, cooperative, outgoing, , hardworking,energetic, take pride in my work, responsible, respected,dedicated. 4. How many hours do you normally work? ● Unless you're sure about the company culture and expectations, the safest answer is not to mention a certain number of hours. Rather, mention that you work as much as necessary to get the job done. ● Your response will show the employer that you're willing to work hard, without committing to an exact number of hours per week. One stop career

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5. How do you handle stress and pressure? ● Stress is very important to me. With stress, I do the best possible job. The appropriate way to deal with stress is to make sure I have the correct balance between good stress and bad stress. I need good stress to stay motivated and productive. ● I react to situations, rather than to stress. That way, the situation is handled and doesn't become stressful. ● I actually work better under pressure and I've found that I enjoy working in a challenging environment. ● From a personal perspective, I manage stress by visiting the gym every evening. It's a great stress reducer. ● Prioritizing my responsibilities so I have a clear idea of what needs to be done when, has helped me effectively manage pressure on the job. ● If the people I am managing are contributing to my stress level, I discuss options for better handling difficult situations with them. ● I'm not a person who has a difficult time with stress. When I'm under pressure, I focus, and get the job done. 6. What do you feel your strong points are? Your weak points? I have very good organizational and time management skills, but my greatest strength is my ability to effectively handle multiple projects and deadlines.

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I never like to leave work until I have everything finished completely. I am the type of person who always takes my work home with me 7. What are your long term objectives/ goals? I would like to become the very best ………your company has on staff. I want to work toward becoming the expert that others rely on. I intend to learn (name of area or skills) very well so that I can be promoted to a higher position in (name skill or department). 8. Do you prefer to work alone or in a team? 9. What do you feel is the most important aspect of the job? 10. What do you know about this company? 11. What is your work experience?/ What skills or experience do you have that make you right for this job? I took a one year training program in (name of program) at (name of school) which is related to the job I'm applying for. I look forward to working in the field and putting into practice what I learned. I don't have a lot of work experience in this area but I learn quickly. I know you will be happy with my work. 12. What languages can you speak? 13. What salary are you expecting?

I will need more information about the job and the responsibilities before we can discuss salary, but it would be great if you could give me an idea of the salary range you have budgeted for this position.‖

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14. Why should I hire you?/ Why do you want this job?/Why do you want to work for our company/ organization? This job is a good fit for what I've been interested in throughout my career. It offers a nice mix of short- and long-term activities. This is not only a fine opportunity, but this company is a place where my qualifications can make a difference. 15. How will you contribute at the development of this company? I'm a hard worker with the experience to get things done efficiently. I can contribute my organizational skills and my ability to work well in a group. I have the experience, contacts, and knowledge to contribute to the rapid growth of this business. Vision. I am experienced in the areas this company needs to grow, and my ability to plan ahead will help facilitate that growth. 16. How computer literate are you? What kinds of computer equipment and programmes have you used? 17. Is there anything I haven’t told you about the job or company that you would like to know? Your questions may be: 1. How many people work in this department? 2. How would you describe the responsibilities of this job/ position? 3. How does one advance in this company? Is there a chance for promotion?

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3.5. Tips for a job interview Be on time Go to the place few days ahead so that you know where to go and how much time it takes.

Prepare for the job interview Prepare a list of questions to ask the employer.

Provide examples Do not say what you can do. Say what you have already done. Prepare examples and outcomes of your activities. Don´t waste time of your possible employer Speak to the point. Be precise. If you waste time with chatting you will not have time to say what is important. Ask about salary It‘s natural question. Be prepared to say what salary you expect. One stop career

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Be polite Say thanks and use words of approval, understanding or consent.

Don´t over-play Job interview is not a casting and you are not an actor. Prepare yourself but behave naturally. Be honest If you do not have some skill, experience or knowledge do not try to cover it by speaking. If you lack some skill you may have some similar one and can mention it.

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Why do you want to work there? This is the most common question. Prepare the answer.Find out facts about company you apply to.

Be well dressed Dress conventionally; keep the dressing code of the company you apply to. Career Decision-Making and Planning Barriers  Don‘t know what kind of job you are looking for  Don‘t know your interest, skills, and abilities  Don‘t know how to make an effective career decision  Don‘t know how to develop a career plan Know What You Want  What do you dream of doing?  What would you do even if you did not get paid for it?  What do you value most?  What have you always wanted to do? Know Your Skills

 Identify both your transferable and job-specific skills.  Know your skills in working with people, data, and things.  Identify possible jobs and employers that can make use of your best skills. Steps in the Decision-Making Process  Step 1: Identify the decision to be made  Step 2: Gather information One stop career

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 Step 3: Identify alternatives  Step 4: Weigh alternatives  Step 5: Choose best alternative  Step 6: Take action  Step 7: Evaluate decision Setting Goals  Goals are your motivation to act on the career decisions you make. Career Goals Must….

 Be yours, not someone else‘s.  Be stated in specific, measurable terms.  Have observable outcomes.  Be realistic and attainable.  Be stated positively.  Have specific completion deadlines. Taking Action  Make things happen rather than waiting for something to happen.  Be persistent in achieving your goals.  Think long but act short.  Write down what you will do. Then do it.

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3.6. Secrets to Dressing for Job Interview Success Of all the steps required to have a great job interview, dressing for the job interview is by far the easiest. To answer the questions correctly you have to do a whole range of actions, starting with researching the position and ending with practicing your answers in front of a video camera. By contrast, dressing for the job interview only requires that you purchase the right job interview outfit and wear the right job interview outfit on the interview day. MEN  For men, purchasing the right clothes for dressing for job interview simply means going to a departments store, tailor or clothing store and asking to see the interview suits. These suits are basically the more conservative and professional looking suits in a man's wardrobe.  They are typically either navy blue or charcoal grey, have a conservative cut and pattern and look more ore less like every other suit that anyone will be wearing in the building that day.

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WOMEN For women, it's a bit more complex. There is no cut-and-dried interview suit that women universally wear, but they do tend to go for a pantsuit or jacket and skirt combination that is also conservatively colored and cut.

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What not to wear

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Accessories  For both men and women, just as important as the suit element of the job interview dressing is the accessories.  As a general rule, the point of a job interview suit is to be as conservative, bland and unthreatening as possible.  Colorful accessories and jewelry art should be avoided by both sexes, as is any sort of hairstyle which calls excessive attention to itself. Shoes, belts, purses and briefcases should also be plain. Exception  The one exception to these dressing for job interview rules is to be found in more creative fields. For jobs in the advertising, fashion and publishing field for instance, standard dress may be significantly different.  The concept is the same, however. In both kinds of companies, the object is to show that you belong in the organization and that you are willing and able to fit into the way that the people there work and look. One stop career

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3.7. Career preparation and work-based learning experiences: Job Shadowing Georgeta Predescu project coordinating teacher Career preparation and work-based learning experiences are essential in order to form and develop aspirations and to make informed choices about careers. These experiences can be provided during the school day, or through after-school programs, and will require collaborations with other organizations. Job-shadowing is considered by many specialists in education as a career-exploration activity for high-school students meant to help them determine a career path to follow. They also state that shadowing helps students see how their textbook learning can be applied in the real world. High school students are not the only one beneficiaries; college students and older job-seekers can also participate in this invaluable practice. The career-exploration aspect of job shadowing is certainly one of its benefits. Young students just starting to think about careers and college students about to embark on careers can try on jobs by visiting workplaces and observing what goes on. But the experience can be just as valuable for established job-seekers considering changing careers. If you know you want to change careers but are not sure what career is right for you, job-shadowing can give you a taste of what various careers are like. By experiencing a workplace first-hand, you can One stop career

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learn a great deal more about a career than you can through research in print publications and on the Internet. You can also learn a lot more about companies by experiencing them in the actual trenches than you can in any other way. If, for example, you know what type of career you want to enter but are unsure of which companies in that field to target in your job-search, jobshadowing can reveal inside information about company culture that can guide you in determining which companies to apply to. Job Shadowing is an opportunity for you to connect or ―shadow‖ with a business professional who has specific knowledge about an occupation or career in which you are interested. You observe responsibilities and tasks associated with the mentor‘s career and have the opportunity to ask questions about the knowledge, skills, talents, and level of education required for the job. While the purpose of job shadowing is to gather career-related information and expand your networking contacts, it also allows you to build interviewing skills, become aware of trends in the field and see workforce technologies in action. Job shadowing also provides exciting reasons why students should stay in school and it creates a critical link between education and success. Participants at this project had the opportunity to engage in a range of work-based exploration activities such as company visits and job shadowing programs developed in partnership with Junior Achievement Romania. On short, Job shadow Day started from the idea of giving students a true picture of the business community and their future employment, to help young people find easier One stop career

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to answer the questions: "What do I get after I finish school? What will I do? What is the best job for me? " During the week dedicated to extracurricular activities, Romanian students spent several hours in the "shadow" of a parent or a employee in an occupation they were interested in: floral arrangements, IT, cosmetics and personal care, food sector, etc. This way they were exposed to a range of experiences, including practicing their own work skills (soft skills) and learning first-hand about specific occupational skills related to desired pathway. The feedback of the activity was provided by filing in the online questions and group discussions.

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CHAPTER 4: A VIEW ON THE EMPLOYMENT RATE AND REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS ON THE LABOUR MARKET 4.1. Romanian young people and labour market inclusion Expectations that young people have in the labour market vary significantly depending on previous experience on the labour market. Young people who haven‘t had experience in the labour market usually have unrealistic projections and expectations. After the direct interaction with a job, young people‘s expectations change, adapting to what the labour market may actually provide. Regarding the time of hiring, opinions are divided:  some young people consider it necessary to hire during school to gain experience,  others just at the completion of studies

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Romania unemployment rate by age and sex AGE Under 25 Aged 25- 29 Aged 30-39 Aged 40- 49 Aged 50-55 Over 55

14% 14% 13%

8% 23%

28%

SEX Men

41 %

Women

59 %

Romania unemployment rate by level of studies Primary and gymnasium 19%

7% 74%

Secondary and post- secondary training Academic training

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Vâlcea unemployment rate by age and level of studies

Level of studies

Age

Primary and gymnasium training

22% 78%

17% 49%

Under 30

Aged 30-55

34%

Secondary and post secondary training Academic training

Most required jobs  Unqualified worker in road maintenance  Shop assistant  Unqualified worker in demolition  Locksmith  Oversized vehicles driver  Waiter One stop career

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 Truck and cars driver  Trade worker

Jobs offer           

Assemblers of machinery and equipment Systems and machinery operators Unqualified workers Workers in manufacturing industry Public administration and defense clerk Social insurance clerk in the public system Health and social care Financial and insurance broker Water distribution, sanitation and waste Management worker Extractive industry

Considering the information presented above there is a clear cut distinction between the employers offer and the requirements and training of the unemployed. This could be due to both the elimination of vocational schools and trade schools, which limits the employment options and the discrepancy between the training offered by schools and the employers' needs. Students and parents still show a strong tendency to theoretical education considering VET programs as a "second level" option, suitable for students with lower academic aspirations and abilities.

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The ideal job Considering the amount of work, salary and intrinsic motivation, young people have the following 4 concepts:  Job without work- less work, no responsibilities, lots of money  Job on good money- money is the most important factor, no matter the amount of work or work satisfaction  Job with pleasure- no matter the amount of work or the salary, it is my calling!  Ideal job? Maybe in an ideal world!-―not even in our dreams‖, say pragmatics. Finding a job Regarding employment opportunities that young people have today, the universally accepted opinion is that a job tailored on young people‘s requirements and training is becoming more difficult to get, especially for freshmen. Regarding the sources of information to obtain a job, young people are more oriented  to unravel themselves (search the internet, newspapers, job portals, trade fairs, relationships,acquaintances or directlyto the employing company).  to turn to specialized institutions / work placement agencies (less likely).

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Young people’s needs reported to labour market Young people are concerned about: 1. the quality of employment and respect for the rights based society (wage level, professional development) 2. authorities involvement in solving problems related to the functioning of the local economy 3. development of programs and projects to help and support young people (disabled, unemployed, from orphanages, vocational counseling centers) 4. correlation of school curriculum with employment offers( partnerships between companies and technological schools/ universities). The unemployed benefits Registered unemployed havethe following benefits:  Monthly unemployment salary on a period of 12 months  Professional counseling and mediation in finding a job  Free access to training courses(qualification, requalification, specialization) The information for this material has been provided by the local Romanian Employment Agency and the National Association of Citizens Advice Offices.

4.2. Un/Employment amoung young people ın Turkey General ınformatıonA rapidly developing, dynamic country with its One stop career

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respectable past, unique cultural, historical, and naturalheritage, strategic geographic location, and youngpopulation, Turkey aspires to enter among the mostimportant economies and markets in Europe and in the world. THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEYis bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the Northwest; Greece to the West; Georgia to the Northeast; Armenia, Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the East; Iraq and Syria to the Southeast. The Mediterranean Sea to the South; The Aegean Sea to the West; The Black Sea to the North. HISTORY Since the beginning of history, Anatolia, well known as one the earliest settlements, has continued to flourish with the migration of various tribes, and accumulated a large cultural heritage through a line of succeeding empires and civilizations. Many empires ranging from the Sumerians to the Hittites, the Lydians to the Byzantines and the Seljuks to the Ottomans have once thrived and expired within the borders of Turkey. GEOGRAPHY Turkey is a transcontinentalEurasian country. Asian Turkey (made up largely of Anatolia), which includes 97% of the country, is separated from European Turkey by the Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles. European Turkeycomprises 3% of the country. The territory of Turkey is more than 1,600 kilometres (1,000 mi) long and 800 km (500 mi) wide, with a roughly rectangular shape. POPULATION One stop career

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The country's population was 76,7 million people in 2013,nearly three-quarters of whom lived in towns and cities. Turkey has an average population density of 97 people per km². People within the 15–64 age group constitute 67% of the total population; the 0–14 age group corresponds to 26%; while senior citizens aged 65 years or older make up 7%. Historical populations

Year

Pop.

±% p.a.

1927 13,554,000

—

1930 14,440,000

+2.13%

1940 17,728,000

+2.07%

1950 20,807,000

+1.61%

1960 27,506,000

+2.83%

1970 35,321,000

+2.53%

1980 44,439,000

+2.32%

1990 55,120,000

+2.18%

2000 64,252,000

+1.54%

2010 73,003,000

+1.29%

2012 75,627,000

+1.78%

ECONOMY According to the World Bank, Turkey has the world's 15th largest economy. The country is among the founding members of the OECD and the G-20 major economies.

Source: Turkstat

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Employment Rate in Turkey

2012

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2013 Source: TURKSTAT

The number of employed in industry, construction and services sectors has risen, while agriculture rate has decreased from 2004 to 2013 in Turkey.

Turkey has a young and growing population; yet the labour force participation rate has risen from almost %46 to 51% since 2004 till now.The labour force participation rate of females is as one-third of the males. According to the results of 2011 PHC (Population and Housing Census), in Turkey the labour force participation rate of population aged 15 and over was 47%; this rate was 70% for males and 26% for females. Turkey had the lowest labour force participation rate for females among the European Union member countries and candidate countries. One stop career

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Labour force Participation

Male Female

In 2012, the 25-54 aged group constituted much of the employment; however, only 31% of the 15-24 aged group were employed.

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Education Level of the Employees Education level 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Illeterate %4

Less than High school %57

High School %20

Higher Education %19

Education level

Source: TURKSTAT,2013 In recent years, the education level of the employees has been increasing, but still much of the employment is constituted by employees graduated from less than high school.

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Educatıonal status and salary Monthly Average (TL) 3000 2500

2000 1500 1000 500 0

Primary Primary School and and below Secondary School

High School

2006

Vocational Higher High Education School

2010

In 2006 and 2010, according to research conducted by Turkstat, employees‘ salaries increased, with the respect to the level of education.

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Reasons of not being in labour force 51.50% 51.00% 50.50% 50.00% 49.50% 49.00% 48.50% 48.00% Labour Force

Not in Labour Force

2013

2013 45.00% 40.00% 35.00% 30.00% 25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00%

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Not seeking a job, but available to start Source:TURKSTAT

Unemployment Rates 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2009

2010

2011

Kahramanmaras

2012

2013

Turkey

Unemployment Source:TURKSTAT

TURKEY 70

60 50 40 2013

30 20

With the development of the economy, despite the country's growing population, unemployment is between 9% and 11%. But the country is affected more by the economic and global crisis.

10 0 Male

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62% of unemployment consists of men and 32% of unemployment consists of women in Turkey.

AGE 60% 40% 20% 0%

15-24

25-34

35-54

55+

TURKEY (2013) KAHRAMANMARAS (2012)

Source: İŞKUR * National Employment Agent

TURKEY (2013) 100% 50% 0%

TURKEY (2013)

Unemployment rate is the highest below high school education level. We can say that the higher level of education decreases unemployment rate, however; we shouldn‘t forget that the number One stop career

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of people graduated from higher education is declining at the same time.

TURKEY 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% 2009

2010

2011

2012

TURKEY

Youth unemployment rate has been declining gradually in Turkey . Now it is about 2013 15 %. First 5 choices

33%

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30%

29%

28%

27%

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Career Choice of Young People Top 5 departments prefered by the high school students; Most students graduated from high school want to study these subjects in Turkey. Source: OSYM* * National Exam Center

Job demands of unemployed young people. Most of the unemployed young people want to work in these jobs: • sales assistant • secretary • accountant • driver • waiter • computer operator The most sought-after professions in Turkey • sewing machine operator • sales assistant • welder • waiter/ waitress • lathe operator Future jobs in Turkey With Turkey's developing economy, advancing technology and EU process, the following occupations are expected to gain importance:

EU expert ındustrial engineer ınformatics and energy professions medicine physiotherapist ınternational relations psychology software engineering One stop career

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Finding a job in Turkey The most common ways to find a job are:  relatives or acquaintances proposal. This is a commonly used method. According to a survey, 32 percent of the unemployed find jobs through acquaintences and relatives.  applying for a job at companies. Individuals who are university graduates generally apply to the companies. Companies also conduct interviews and select their employees.  applying to the İŞKUR. Generally, low educated and unemployed individuals apply to İŞKUR to find a job. İŞKUR evaluates the application, organizes vocational training courses and provides individuals find a job.  entering the KPSS Exam. The Turkish government is the biggest employer that needs specialized people to work in public services.  starting your own business. If you have a new idea or invent something, you can set up your own business, by contacting TÜBİTAK* . * The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey

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Unemployment Benefits in Turkey Legally employed workers are eligible for unemployment benefits in Turkey. These include foreign workers, so long as they have been working and living in Turkey legally and are at least 18 years old. Contributions to unemployment funds are 1 % of employees´ earnings and 2 % of their employers´ payrolls. A worker is eligible to receive benefits after 600 days of contributions in the preceding 3 years of employment. The minimum benefit payment is 50 % of a worker´s average daily earnings (calculated from the 4 months prior to unemployment), and cannot be higher than minimum wage for that worker´s industry. Benefits may be paid for up to 1,080 days, depending on the unemployed person´s number of contributions.

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4.3. Young people in the labor market– SLOVAKIA The unemployment rate at 31/03/2014

Situation in the district of Martin Rate in %

District borders

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Unemployed people Jobseekers to the 31/03/2014 State up to 31/03/2014 Economically active population

unemployment in%

SLOVAKIA

397216

2 698 589

14,72

MARTIN

4870

47 124

10,33

Of that women SLOVAKIA

189 475

1 212 495

15,63

MARTIN

2 240

21 036

10,65

Unemployed people with reference to sex

5000 4000

together

3000

men

2000

women

1000 0 Martin

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400000 300000

together

200000

men women

100000 0

Slovakia Unemployed people with reference to sex together

men

women

397216

207741 189,475

4870 2630 2,240 Slovakia

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Structure of the unemployed people

250000

men

200000

women

150000

handicapped

100000

dismissed

50000

adolescents

0 Slovakia

graduates

3000

men

2500

women

2000

handicapped

1500

dismissed

1000

adolescents

500

graduates

0 Martin

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men

women

handicapped

dismissed

adolescents

graduates

207741

189475

27630 27630 12782 2393 Slovakia

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2630 2240

21 398

398

219 Martin

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Structure of the unemployed people with reference to education

300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000

basic school secondar y school university

4000

not stated

1000

basic school secondar y school university

3000 2000

not stated

0

0

Martin

Slovakia

basic school

secondary school

university

not stated

251205

113454 32466

Slovakia

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91

970 3372 528 0

Martin

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Structure of the unemployed people with reference to age  Slovakia 120000 under 25

100000

25 - 34 80000

over 34

60000 40000

20000 0 men

women

 Martin 2000 1500 under 25 25 - 34 over 34

1000 500 0 men

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under 25

25 - 34

over 34 116070

115887

51039

44692 28713

40815

483 592 1555 Slovakia men

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Martin men

Slovakia women

398 499 1343 Martin women

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Unemployment rate with reference to age

Slovakia Eurozone

Source: Eurostat

JOBS OFFERED IN MARTIN DISTRICT      

office worker (2) analyst (2) assistant waiter / waitress carpentry dispatcher economist

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                                 

electrician metal worker bookbinder cook (3) doctor (5) master of cleaning mechanisms manager mechanic and repairman of rolling stock assembly worker of interior furniture bricklayer decorator-varnisher salesman (2) lecturer in Engineering operator teaching employee (3) control worker worker in mobile cleaning service production workers - an upholsterer aluminium worker for finishing of castings designer assstant in tourism industry IT technician Carpenter mechanical design enginee seamstress / tailor (2) technical and administrative support sales investment technician (2) technologist (3) typographer accountant maintainer driver (3) nurse (3) welder (3)

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HOW TO FIND A JOB – SUGGESTIONS:       

Make a plan. Examine your possibilities in the labor market. Adapt to labour market requirements. Write a good CV. Focus on your qualities and offer them to employer. Be motivated. Prepare well for the job interwiev.

YOUTH EXPECTANCY REGARDING FUTURE JOBS:         

opportunity for further education and personal development information on the work performed salary conditions working hours atmosphere in a team time demands of work benefits opportunity to practical experiences abroad working team

UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS Social Insurance System in Slovakia The system of social insurance includes the system of unemployment insurance. Unemployment benefit – paid if a person had unemployment insurance for at least two yearswithin the past three years before being included into the registry of unemployed job seekers.The amount of unemployment benefit equals to 50% of the daily assessment basis. Unemployment benefit is paid for a maximum of six months.

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4.4. Labour market in the European countries: a comparative study All four partner countries can be classified as transition economies. Slovakia is member of the Eurozone and along with the Czech Republic it is also member of both the EU and the OECD. Romania is a member state of the EU while Turkey is a member of the OECD. The Czech Republic is the most developed country of partner countries with Slovakia second by a narrow margin. The sector structure of economy of these two countries is similar to developed countries that focus on industry sector (e.g. Germany). Turkey and Romania are less developed with more people employed in agriculture and less in the service sector.The Czech Republic and also Slovakia benefit from their past and from geographical closeness to Germany and core countries of the EU. While Czech and Slovak sector structure is already stabilized the sector structure of Romanian and Turkish economy has to undergo significant changes to improve their economies. Transition to more service sector oriented economy implies change in composition of labour force. The skills needed for new jobs will differ substantially from now-a-days´. This however applies to all four countries as new industries focus more on highly skilled labour force and use less skilled labour force in limited amount. All four countries faced economic stagnation or decline around 2010 which has affected the youth employment level significantly. In all countries unemployment is a major economic and social problem. However the rate of unemployment differs considerably, being almost twice as high in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic or Romania. Romanian unemployment rate is however quite low since many people, often young, are working abroad. In all four countries the unemployment rate of young people is considerably high and presents huge social problem. Young people are often not able to find jobs and are forced either to stay with their families or to seek for job abroad. When unemployed or when having only bad paid job young people are hindered from gaining independence and starting their own families.Regional differences are considerably high in all four countries, with peripheral regions having sometimes 50% or even less GDP of the centre. The unemployment rate in One stop career

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peripheral regions is multiply higher than in most developed ones. The internal labour migration of young people is quite high within all four partner countries. Because of close culture ties and no language barriers between the Czech Republic and Slovakia young people from Slovakia quite often seek for higher education in the Czech Republic and they sometimes tend to find job here as well. Migration in opposite direction is less often and still not very common. With strong economic crises in Europe Turkish labour migration to the countries of the EU has decreased strongly. And economic boom in Turkey in last more than decade offered new jobs and kept the unemployment rate at tolerable level. Romanian and also to some extent Slovak migration for labour is quite high with many young people willing to and actually working abroad. In all four partner countries youth unemployment is higher than average. The smallest difference between total and youth unemployment is in Turkey, where the youth unemployment gets about 60% over the total one. The percentage of youth unemployed in Slovakia and Romania is more than twice as high as the total unemployment rate. Young people in Slovakia faces the highest youth unemployment rate, however this has been declining for most of the years. In Romania the unemployment rate among young people is growing in recent years while in other countries it has been stable or declining. The youth unemployment rates are lowest in the Czech Republic but they tend to be rather stable and there are only limited signs of improvement. Between all four countries Turkish economy has the smallest number of female employment. In Turkey only more men than women attain tertiary education level. Unemployment rate of males and females however did differ only slightly in Turkey. Probably, women in Turkeyafter starting their families more often stay at home not seeking for jobs. There are quite significant differences between unemployment rate and salaries of men and women in the Czech Republic with men having quite an advantage over women. Only in Romania women faces lower unemployment rate than men, probably taking advantage from the economic transition from industry to services. In all countries women have lower salaries than men. In all four countries the number of people who attain tertiary educationis lower than One stop career

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the EU average and should rise substantially. The unemployment rates related to education shows huge difference between the Czech Republic and Slovakia on one side and Turkey and Romania on the other. In the Czech Republic and Slovakia the unemployment rate decreases strongly with higher education while in Turkey and Romania the unemployment seems to have no relation with the education. The official statistics may be misguiding as people with low level of education may often be not officially in search of job. Still, the salary level is strongly related to level of education in all for countries. Economic and social problems connected with young people are quite similar in all four countries. The Czech Republic and Slovakia having slight advantage over Romania and Turkey but all of them facing very the same challenges in near future. Position of young people in labour market is quite vulnerable with education as the key factor for having stable and adequate job. Chart: Unemployment rate

Time Jan 2005 Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010

Czech Republic 8.1%

Romania

Slovakia

Turkey

7.5%

17.3%

9.2%

7.8%

7%

15%

9.5%

6.1%

6.8%

11.7%

8.8%

4.7%

5.8%

10.4%

9.3%

5.3%

5.9%

9.6%

12.6%

7.8%

6.9%

14.7%

12.1%

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Jan 2011 Jan 2012 Jan 2013 Jan 2014 Jan 2015

6.9%

7%

13.8%

9.9%

6.7%

7%

13.8%

8.4%

7.1%

6.9%

14.3%

8.7%

6.6%

7%

13.9%

9.3%

5.6%

6.5%

12.4%

Youth unemployment rate Country/ Year Czech Republic Slovakia Romania Turkey

200 5 19.3 % 29.9 % 20.3 % 19.9 %

200 6 17.5 % 26.6 % 21.4 % 19.1 %

200 7 10.7 % 20.1 % 20.1 % 20.0 %

200 8 9.9 % 18.8 % 18.6 % 20.5 %

200 9 16.6 % 27.3 % 20.8 % 25.3 %

201 0 18.3 % 33.6 % 22.3 % 21.7 %

201 1 18.0 % 33.2 % 23.9 % 18.4 %

201 2 19.5 % 34.0 % 22.8 % 17.5 %

201 3 18.9 % 33.7 % 23.6 % 17.0 %

Employment by sector Country/ Sector Czech Republic Slovakia

GDP

Agriculture

Industry

Services

26 457 USD 26 263

3%

38%

59%

3%

38%

59%

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USD 17 941 30% 29% 41% USD 18 646 24% 27% 49% Turkey USD Labour force participation (% of total population over 15 years) Romania

Country

employed

Czech Republic Slovakia Romania Turkey

59% 60% 56% 49%

male employment 68% 69% 65% 71%

female employment 50% 51% 49% 29%

Chart: Unemployment rate by gender and age

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Chart: Unemployment rate in Europe and selected countries

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Chart: Youth unemployment by education

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Chart: Education by Gender and % of population

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(Note: in all EU countries number of women who attained tertiary education exceeds number of men who reached the same level of education.) Turkey – tertiary education of population by gender Year/Gender 2002 2012

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Male 10.2 14.2%

Female 6.6% 10.6%

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CHAPTER 5: BARRIERS TO EMPLOYMENT AND THEIR OVERCOMING 5.1. Bariers to employment Many people who want and need to work face major barriers ranging from the lack of a high school diploma to the physical or mental disability or a history with the criminal justice system. According to studies, in Romania, the lack of experience is the main reason for underlying problems faced by 34% of employers when they want to cover vacant posts. One of the three employers claims he would encounter difficulties in finding suitable persons to cover vacancies, despite large number of unemployed. Many job seekers experience one or more barriers to employment during their careers. Some obstacles are big and affect many or all of those who are job hunting. Others are smaller and affect only some job seekers. Some you can do something to deal with, others are beyond your control. While some obstacles may be smaller than others, any of them can make the difference between having a chance at a job, or not even being considered.

Common Barriers to Employment  Education  Age  Lack of basic and employability skills, experience, confidence,  Criminal record  Disabilities  Drug and/or alcohol abuse  Homelessness  Lack of computer skills One stop career

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 Foreign languages(English) Age Discrimination This is the most important barrier to employment in all participant countries. It comes about when an employee is suddenly treated in an unfair or inequitable manner for either being 'too old' or 'too young‗, despite the fact that there are state laws that protect and aidemployees who are aged under 25 or above 40.Employers prefer young people over older ones. Overcoming:

 

When applying for a job you do not have to state your age. Make your weakness your advantage: older means more experienced.

Barriers to the employment of young people Positives and negatives of employing young people

 Enthusiasm  Fresh perspective  Malleable to business needs  IT Literate and ‘Tech ready’  Cheaperlabour  Potentialtodevelop

▼ Inability to self promote ▼ Lack of experience & proven work history ▼ Lack of life experience ▼ Lack of work ethic ▼ Lack of energy ▼Practicalchallenges

It should be noted that these positives and negatives, are not exclusively specific to young people. Employers acknowledge that all employees come with a degree of risk and this varies from individual to individual. One stop career

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Inability to self-promote A significant concern for employers is that young people are lacking the skills to even get through the recruitment process despite having the skills to do the job. Here are some tips to help you make self-promotion natural, whether you're looking for a job or working your way up the corporate ladder.

Lack of experience This is a general problem all young people are faced with immediatelyafter finishing studies.Employers prefer experienced workers. ―Experience trap‖ - young people fail to find jobs due to a lack of experience and proven work history. They are experiencing increased competition for jobs from older, more experienced and often over-qualified people.However, their inability to find employment means that it is not possible for them to gain the experience that the employers require.

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Overcoming:

 

If you lack experience you are flexible and able to learn new things. Experience is prejudice. If you lack experience you are open to new ideas.

Lack of skills Lack of skills, particularly literacy and numeracy, or a formal qualification often acts as a barrier to engaging in education and training. Most of the freshmen are usually not equipped with the skills or attributes that employers desire due to the following factors: Discrepancy between the training offered by schools and the employers' needs

There are no strong links between schools and companies that could provide students with practical training. Lack of Education The lack of education may prevent an individual from getting a reasonably paid job. If a person lacks a grade school education the impact can be especially damaging. In the Czech Republic employers prefer people with University diploma.More than 70% of the Romanian unemployed people have only primary and gymnasium training.

Overcoming:  Point out that you are willing to learn and supplement your education.  You may lack the education but you are not over-skilled. If company helps in supplementing your education ,you will be loyal.  Point out that you learn only practical and useful things. You did not learn at school since it had no use then. One stop career

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Tips for young people Job searching is about sales and the product you are selling is you! If no one knows about your product, who will buy it? A job search is no time to be modest. Think hard about all of your abilities and take credit for your distinctive achievements and talents. It is important to realistically assess your education, experience, and skills and learn how to promote your talents. Sell your strengths and demonstrate your: Knowledge Skills Abilities/Accomplishments

Barriers to the employment of old people The age barrier seems like a huge obstacle for a lot of people looking for jobs because they are considered ―older‖. Here‘s why unemployed older workers are having difficulties in finding new jobs:

   

High salary expectations- they are usually overqualified Out of date skills- older workers who lack computer and other technology skills have a disadvantage in finding work. Expensive health benefits- some employers are reluctant to hire older workers because they expect providing health benefits to older workers to be costly

Retirement expectations- employers might hesitate to train older workers because they assume that older employees will retire soon, and fail to give the employer a good return on the training investment



Visible frustration- long-term unemployment makes some older workers discouraged and depressed.

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Tips for older people CV tips- make your CV look modern Keep up-to-date Don't give an employer a reason to disqualify you through lack of required skills. Make sure you can use any new or unfamiliar technology necessary for the job, and that your computer skills are current. Another key to overcoming the age barrier is to focus on all your accumulated work experiences and never allow your age to discourage you in reaching your goals.

Homelessness It‘s an important obstacle to employment. Homeless people have little chances of being employed due to various causes: Many of them suffer from mental or behavioral health problems drugs or alcohol as a means to self-medicate to deal with the traumatic experiences and abuse they face. Their traumatic experiences usually lead to depression, low motivation and poor self-esteem.Employers consider that they do not have appropriate clothing for work, no access to facilities to maintain their hygiene, no computer and phone access and poor education.

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Emotional and Physical Barriers Disabled people are always faced with many different forms of obstacles, from physical to attitudinal barriers.They are often dismissedas incapable of accomplishing a task without even being given the opportunity to display their skills. In recent years, in Romania have been introduced a number of labour market policy measures, targeted at disabled people. For instance, companies are required to have up to 5 % among their staff disabled people; otherwise they have to pay a tax. However, despite this policy, the employment rate for disabled people is very low Employers are concerned that people with mental health conditions would need additional supervision, and would be less likely to use initiative or to deal confidently and appropriately with the public. They seek people who are self-reliable and able to take care of their own. When hiring physically disabled people, employers are usually forced to make costly accessibility modifications that allow the disabled to perform the essential functions of his/her job, including access to a building, to the work site, to needed equipment, and to all facilities used by employees.

Low Self-Esteem Self-esteem is your perception of your worth. Positive self-esteem is essential for career and life success. Negative self-esteem can lead to feelings of helplessness.Learn to turn your negatives into positives. Managing Stress Unemployment can be very stressful. Dealing with Depression Depression is a combination of feelings and destructive thinking. Depression includes pessimism, lack of energy, powerlessness, and selfdoubt. Set positive goals and work towards them.See a physician if you

need medical assistance.

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Managing Anger Anger can interfere with your search for a job and can impact your job performance.Learn what triggers your anger.Express your anger to other positively.Be aware of the consequences of your anger. Physical Barriers

Barriers that results from physical limitations can lead to low selfesteem.Be prepared to deal with prejudice, stereotypes, and other social barriers. Dealing With a Physical Barrier  Know your employment rights.  Be realistic about your job options.  Use support services.  Practice interviewing.  Craft your resume positively.  Focus on what you do well, not your disability. Overcoming:

  

State institutions help employers who employ disabled people. Disabled have diverse and different experience which can enrich the company. Employing disabled people improves company image and atmosphere in working collective.

Criminal record A criminal record or police record is a record of a person's criminal history, generally used by potential employers, lenders to assess his or her potential workers trustworthiness. People with a criminal record have very little chance of being employed.Employers turn down people with criminal record since they are afraid of its recurrence. One stop career

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Overcoming: A criminal record can be overcome, but ex offendersshould be aware of special barriers they might face in finding and keeping a job.

       

Be aware of the limitations you might face in choosing a job. Don‘t lie on applications or in interviews. Use cold calling to find job openings. Prepare yourself to answer questions about your past during an interview. Be confident. Dress for success. Show respect. Point out the time for which you keep socially responsible behaviour. Point out your ability to change. Criminal record is specific type of experience which can be beneficial for many companies.

Foreign languages In the employment selection there may be a positive relationship between success and the proficiency in a foreign language. ―Successful‖ companies and multinational companies are constantly looking to employ more foreign language specialists and expect higher levels of language proficiency. Foreign language speakers are also more likely to be employed within the marketing function and to assist the use of direct selling modes.

Alcohol and Drug Abuse Drug and alcohol users face a variety of obstacles with regard to looking for employment. These include poor self-confidence, mental and physical health problems, lack of education, training and skills and stigmatization by One stop career

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employers. The general reluctance on the part of employers is an obstacle that is rooted in social attitudes and, therefore, much more difficult to alter. Overcoming:

  

Point out your will to change your behaviour. People who take drugs are ussually specifically qualified: they have lively phantasy, they are open to diverse experince, they are more empathic etc. People who abuse drugs hurt themselves but they do not harm others.

Gender/Sexis

abarrierbecause: Employers prefer men over women since women stay home more often than men since they ussually take care of children. Employers are ussually men and they prefer to hire men

Overcoming: Women have different views and attitudes. They can enrich the company with different experience. Personal and Financial Barriers 1. Personal Barriers Personal barriers are those that keep you from fulfilling your basic needs. They can prevent you from even starting a job search, let alone landing and keeping a job.Overcoming personal barriers often requires help from those around you. Examples of Personal Barriers

     

Not having enough food to feed my family A lack of transportation Health problems No place to live Lack of childcare Family members with special needs

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 Immigrant status  No clothes suitable for interviewing Housing Options Your living situation should not only be clean and safe, it should also be a good place to conduct ajob search from. Transportation You will need reliable transportation, not only to find a job, but to get to work everyday once you do. Family Concerns Taking care of children and other family members is a top priority. Be sure to consider all of your child care options and create a family care plan. Also be sure to take care of yourself. That includes taking time to relax or engage in your own interests.Don‘t be afraid to ask for the help of others. Friends and family can help with childcare needs, and programs are often available in your community to help as well. 2. Financial Barriers It is important to manage your money carefully while you are looking for work.Take care of your basic needs first, but try to plan for the future as well. Money Management To manage your money, you should consider doing the following:  Open a savings and checking account.  Create a monthly budget.

Needs vs. Wants Overcoming financial barriers to employment often involve sseparating your ―needs‖ from your ―wants.‖

Needs  Housing  Transport One stop career

Wants  Cable television Page 119

Working While You Look for Work Part time or temporary work provides several advantages. It…  Provides a source of income.  Allows you to network with other people.  Gives you skills and experience.  Puts you inside an organization that might hire you for a fulltime position.  Provides a much-needed source of self-confidence and selfworth.

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5.2. General tips for overcoming unemployment barriers

To overcome the barriers you need to:

 Identify the barrier.  Identify an employer's needs.  Identify your strongest skills and qualities

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 Don't be afraid, ashamed, or embarrassed to seek or ask for help. Here are some tips on overcoming these barriers:  Have a positive attitude about getting help and finding work.  Seek out counseling and assistance services, if you need them, to find employment.  Participate in drug, alcohol, and mental health rehabilitation services, if necessary.

 Continue to learn and grow and acquire new skills, build your network and serve those in it, be enthusiastic, flexible, confident and positive, demonstrate persistence and determination, and focus on what you have to offer.  Find affordable training and ways to help pay for training.  Use community services for help with basic needs and English as a second language tutoring.  Learn how your disability can be accommodated at work.  Seek out resources to help you if you are an ex-offender or have a poor work history.  Focus on your qualifications and positive traits, not on your barriers. If an employer asks about your barrier in a job interview, be prepared to talk about how it will not affect your ability to be a good employee  Come up with workable solutions and goals.  Be proactive and give the employer suggestions as to how you can minimize your barrier or find ways for it to not affect your job.  Have a possitive attitude about getting help and finding work  Start employment training programmes.  Learn how your disability or weakness can be accommodated at work. One stop career

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 Look into available support services, like child care and transportation.  It‘s never too early to start planning your financial future.Look into the retirement plans offered by companies you‘d like to work for.Learn about more about saving and investments.

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CHAPTER 6: THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES ON EMPLOYMENT RATE „Inovation has never been faster, technology is advancing fast and our skills and organizations aren‘t keeping up.“

6.1. The impact of technology on mankind Once upon a time … • • •

Once upon a timewe used our hand and a ĺittle water instead of washing machines And unemployment? It didn‗t even exist. Everyone was working! Because everything had to be made by our hands. Timeshave changed and we‗ve started to use modern inventions like dishwasher and many others.

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But…… • • •

We became so lazy, that we created things that work instead of us Milions of people are unemployed, everything is made by machines Just imagine how it can effect us!

It might change everything. •

Will we be replaced by robots? Will the robots be able to handle all the work done by people? • In Japan they have started using robots instead of teachers. Of course it has its advantages and disadvantages: Learners can get more information but lose a personal contact. • Robots aren‗t people, they miss typical human behavior. They miss individual approach. Conclusion • •

People are getting lazier and lazier so modern technology is a good way to go BUT… By using robots we lose jobs and contact with other people.

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6.2. The impact of technology on the job market SCIENCE KNOWS NO FRONTIERS The 21st century will be one of the most transformational in recorded human history, mostly due to technological advances. The impact of technology in modern life is immeasurable. We use technology on a daily basis to accomplish specific tasks or interests. Modern technology simplifies life in so many ways and everyone defines it in his own way. To some people it means complicated electronic devices, to others it means the source of the radical changes that are happening in all phases of life. Others define technology as science applied to practical purposes. Some people fear to use it, while others see it as the source of longer and more complete lives. E-learning is prefered more and more at school, paper books are becoming old-fashioned.Social networks are used for communication of students and teachers, for sharing common knowledge and information. Scientists believe that technology boosts productivity makes societies wealthier, but they think that it can also have a dark side: technological progress is eliminating the need for many types of jobs and leaving the typical worker worse off than before. Information technology has significantly advanced the way business is done and the way people do their jobs all over the world. Benefits of Using Technology in Business Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more productive society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. Computers have made huge advances in automating many physical and cognitive human tasks, especially those tasks that can be well described by a set of rules. Using technology in the One stop career

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workplace and educating employees on technology can have positive impacts on the job: •

Increases production and saves time: Modern technology has helped businesses to increase production. Hard work has become simpler and the results are better than those of humans.

•

Improves communication: With the help of communication technology tools like phones, video conferencing, electronic mail, databases, etc., employees from various departments can communicate easier. It has also been enhanced the communication among employees, customers and business partners or suppliers. New technology used in the workplace might include a software program to help facilitate or organize the day's tasks. In addition, some corporations incorporate online technology and electronic technology to increase productivity and keep employees informed. They may post company updates on a corporate blog or website or use social media. Employers might hold video conferences or webinars. What's more, employers might invest in tablet computers in order for their staff to maintain their calendars, email and contacts.

•

Easier Storage: Technology eliminates the need for double or triple entry systems and reduces the need to file large amounts of paperwork.

•

Improves data storage and file management: Information and data are very important tools for a business, therefore it is essential to store them safely and also access them anytime, anywhere. Nowadays, thanks to technology, this can be done by using cloud hosting services.

•

Improves financial management: Different accounting software can be used in performing various accounting tasks in a business, thus making it easier for business owners to balance their books.

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•

Cuts costs of operation and increases on sales: Communication technology and social technology have made business promotion and product launch affordable. Many small businesses are using social technology to increase on their brand awareness and get more clients at a minimal cost, which consequently results into business growth.

•

Improves business- consumer relationship: Businesses have embraced the social technology to interact with their consumers and fans. For instance, they can use the Internet to inform their customers about great deals and discounts, which creates a strong business- consumer relationship and results into business growth and expansion. A good customer service can be used as a great tool to gain competitive advantage.

•

Encourages creativity and innovation: Today it is easy to start a business while at home. Creative people are enabled to sell their works online.

Other benefits Using technology in the workplace and educating employees on technology can have positive impacts on the jobs. Technology on the job can help an organization run smoothly and efficiently. To benefit the most from technology in the workplace, employees must understand the value of a product and become proficient. One stop career

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Technology constantly changes; if you incorporate technology in your workplace, it's imperative for your employees to stay current. An employee is unlikely to master new technology on his own accord. For this reason, you might incorporate technology training in the workplace. But before taking this step, seriously consider the positive and negative impacts of technology training. Technology can help move a company forward. Incorporating technology on the job can help an organization run smoothly and efficiently. To benefit the most from technology in the workplace, employees must understand the value of a product and become proficient. Mandatory training is not only beneficial from a business standpoint, but it also increases your employees' knowledge. As the company grows and incorporates other types of technology, employees with a basic understanding of certain software or electronic devices might easily grasp other technological advances. It is not at all clear that a large number of jobs are about to be destroyed; even if they were, such long-run unemployment as would occur would certainly not be involuntary. Rather, it would take the form of even shorter workdays, shorter work-weeks, and fewer working members in the family, as it has throughout our history. Disadvantages of Using Technology in Business Job Loss This is certainly the most difficult aspect of the technological development, as machines and computers replace people as working force. A machine does not require a wage, it never calls in sick, it does not need health insurance or a pension, and it would certainly never ask for better working conditions. Statistics show that, in 17 European countries that use Euro as their currency, almost 4.3 million low-paid jobs have been gained since mid2009, but the loss of mid-paid jobs has never stopped. A total of 7.6 million jobs disappeared from January 2008 until present. One stop career

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The most vulnerable workers are mid- skilled workers doing repetitive tasks or processes that can be well described by a set of rules that can becodified in computer software and performed by machines. In this category could be included blue-collar manual activities such as manufacturing and other forms of production, as well as white-collar information-based activities like accounting, record keeping, dealing with simple customer service questions, and many kinds of administrative tasks. Another category estimated to be affected, but in a positive way, by technological advances is that of highly-skilled jobs that involve expert problem solving, complex communications and other cognitive human activities for which there are no rule-based solutions. Examples include sophisticated medical diagnosis, complex designs, as well as managing large organizations, teaching, and writing books and papers. In these domains computers are expected to complement and increase the productivity of work by enabling workers to address many new kinds of problems. It is estimated that low- skilled jobs involving manual tasks that cannot be described by a set of rules that a machine can follow,are neither candidates for technology substitutions, nor can they be easily complemented with technology-based tools. Jobs in this category include janitorial services, gardening, fast-food restaurant positions and health-care aids.

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Technology training can also have a negative impact on employees.Some employees are reluctant to change. Improving technology in the workplace might force them into working outside their comfort zone, and this can create tension or resistance. Even when you provide adequate training, some employees might prefer old-fashioned methods of communication, such as telephones, notes and a written day planner. As an employer, it's important for you to introduce new technology slowly. You might offer training on a new software program, and then wait for your employees to master this program before training them on a different program. In addition, you might hold extra training sessions to assist employees who need additional guidance. Other disadvantages Security Breaches: Since businesses store their data on remote cloud servers which can be accessed with a user name and password, they risk losing that data to wrong minded knowledge workers, hackers or viruses, which can harm the business. Implementation Expenses: Due to the fact that small businesses fail to afford this expensive technology, they could end up losing their clients to a business which has improved its technology and provides a better service or product. Distraction at work: Computers, smart phones, and virtual meeting applications can cause distraction that affect productivity of employees. Some companies have blocked access to specific websites. Technology and wages Since the new technology increases the productivity of the high-skilled workers, the high-tech firms can increase the wages of these workers paid by firms that did not implement the new technology, at least in the short run.Jobs using new technologies will become more valuable because of new technology.

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Reasons to be hopeful Advances in technology may displace certain types of work, but historically they have been a net creator of jobs. We will adapt to these changes by inventing entirely new types of work, and by taking advantage of uniquely human capabilities. Technology will free us from day-to-day drudgery, and allow us to define our relationship with ―work‖ in a more positive and socially beneficial way. Reasons to be concerned Impacts from automation have thus far impacted mostly blue-collar employment; the coming wave of innovation threatens to upend whitecollar work as well. Certain highly-skilled workers will succeed wildly in this new environment—but far more may be displaced into lower paying service industry jobs at best, or permanent unemployment at worst. Our educational system is not adequately preparing us for work of the future, and our political and economic institutions are poorly equipped to handle these hard choices. ULTIMATELY, WE AS A SOCIETY CONTROL OUR OWN DESTINY THROUGH THE CHOICES WE MAKE.

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CHAPTER 7 : JOBS OF THE FUTURE When you were little, you maybe wanted to be princesses, astronauts and vets, but now you probably know, what you want to be in the near future… managers, doctors, lawyers … But think about your kids, and kids from your kids. What are they going to be? This is a topic that we could talk about for a long time. Let‗s just take a bit of that time to think about some new jobs that they may be doing. OLD....BUT ALWAYS NEEDED Indeed we can‘t forget about jobs, that thanks to the technical expansion dissappeared, but again appear in todays time.  farmers  craftsmen THE FUTURE? THE FUTURE.  doctor of incurable deseases  banking consultant for homosexuals  engineer of the „time machine―  clonater We never know what‗s going to happen in the future, but we can always have an idea of that. As the kids of the future, we should sometimes at least think about it. About what are we going to do there, how are we going to behave and how are we going to live the rest of our lives.

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ADVERTISMENT 1: FARMERS WE REQUIRE: High school education/apprenticeship, trustiness, carefulness and manual skills, will to work, willingness for physical labor, driving license for tractor. WE OFFER: 50% discount on our products, financial evaluation, 1 day off in a week, training. ADVERTISMENT 2: CLONATER WE REQUIRE: Technical University, experience in the field of cloning, willingness to work shifts, flexibility, orientation in genes, PC knowledge. WE OFFER: High standart employee benefits, comfortable and modern working environment and friendly team, good transport access, opportunities for professional growth and continuing education. Rich system of benefits: 5 week of vacation, discounts on products, meal vouchers, medical 2 days off.

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7.1. New jobs in the future Media remixer A media remixer takes the job of DJ or VJ to another level by remixing various forms of media into one cohesive new project. These remixers will bring together audio, video, images and augmented reality to create projects ranging from marketing entertainment to installation art.

campaigns

to

wedding

The remixers will likely work in a freelance capacity, and will need to be self-driven and able to juggle multiple projects at once. Highly creative and entrepreneurial types will make excellent media remixers, as knowing how to build a personal brand will be key to their success. Fugaru Maria Loredana Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim Therapyst for the end of the life By 2030, the world will be populated by a lot of old people. The specialists in predictions admit that new jobs will be born to help us with the planning of the last living years. One stop career

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The ―therapist for the end of the life‖ will suggest the less violent technologies and procedures, which could transform the physic death in an easy supportable experience. They will take care of the psychological training of people confronted with death, as well as with aspects that involve the death. A key quality in this job is diplomacy, because the therapists will operate with delicate information and unexpected situations. Empathy, very good communication skills and some social assistance training are also required. Dinca Radu Liceul Tehnologic OLTCHIM Space tourism workers Space tourism is beginning to take off with the appearance of Virgin Galactic and similar space companies and with the shortage of certain rare earth elements on Earth such as Neodymium, which are crucial to industries such as wind turbines, industrial magnets, aero engines, optics and visual displays. We may need to use space miners to retrieve these from the moon or asteroids, in the future. If we develop colonies on the moon and Mars exobiologists will be required to develop food plants that can cope with extremes of radiation, heat, cold and saline water for the colonists. Space clinicians specialising in the effects of radiation and muscle wasting due to low or non-existent gravity will also be needed. The One stop career

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proliferation of space junk in orbit around the Earth is becoming a real threat to communications satellites and even the International Space Station, so we will need space junk recyclers to identify the orbital locations where junk is greatest and to develop cost effective methods to remove it from orbit. Ciutescu Georgiana Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim Nano-Medics Developer What they do: The medical problems most people have can be traced to a single cell or a small group of them. Health professionals capable of working on the nano-level, both in designing diagnostics systems, remedies, and monitoring solutions will be in high demand. Typical educational requirements: Senior programmer certificate, Bachelor 3 degree license, Bio-chemical certificate, Bio-mechanical certificate. Why they're thriving: With all the health problems that will start in the future, scientists are starting to consider making the ―nanomachines‖ a real ―thing‖. With the creation of these, we can repair the damaged cells or to replace those who can‘t be fixed like cancer cells. Of course these can be used in other purposes but the ―health‖ and ―material‖ issues come first in developing. Monea Florin—Emanuel Liceul Tehnologic OLTCHIM

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Fish Farmer As the global population of wild fish is on decay, we will need someone to provide us with fish. Job activities: - managing fish habitats throughout the year - stock health and welfare issues - feeding stock (either manually or via automated machinery) - maintenance of equipment and cages - selling on to the public or trade customers Militaru Silviu LT Oltchim Windturbine technician A wind turbine services technician, also known as a wind tech, is a person who is specially trained to prevent wind turbines from malfunctioning or stopping completely. This is done by providing wind farms with routine inspections, troubleshooting any problems and repairing the wind turbines when necessary. Wind power has grown rapidly. There is enough wind energy to provide power for approximately 9.7 million homes. As the push for green energy continues, the Bureau of Labor Statistics believes that jobs throughout the supply chain - including manufacturing, installation and maintenance of wind turbines - will continue to increase. One stop career

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Job responsibilities: A wind turbine technician will work with a team of well-trained professionals to maintain facilities surrounding wind turbines and maintain the turbines themselves. Part of the job includes basic cleaning and maintenance on the premises surrounding the wind turbines. This requires attention to safety regulations for the industry and is important for overall safety on the job. Fleet vehicles and equipment used while maintaining the wind turbines will be maintenance and fixed by wind turbine technicians as well. Training: Most wind turbine technicians will start out with a certificate or two-year degree program in applied sciences. These programs are specifically geared in the direction of wind turbine technology, so they only teach the basic skills and information needed to become a wind turbine technician. Training includes the science and technology behind wind turbines as well as basic information about engineering and other related fields of science. Essential skills for a wind turbine technician: communication, comfort with heights, fast thinking, teamwork, following directions, physical conditioning, attention to safety. Zadec Cristian LT OLTCHIM Specialists in solar technology Specialists in solar technology are engineers who specialize in this area and will research and explore the mysteries of the solar system and based on these results will provide tips for better use of solar energy. To become a specialist in solar technology requires certain qualities. One stop career

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First, you have to graduate the Faculty of Engineering and Environmental Management. Secondly, are required: ability to take risks, independent spirit, creativity, perseverance and self-confidence. Paraschiv Florentina LT Oltchim Drone Dispatcher Drones will be used to deliver groceries and pizzas, deliver water, remove trash and sewage, monitor traffic and pollution, and change out the batteries on our homes. Skilled dispatchers for future drones will be high demand. Types of drones: Cruise Ship Drones: Cell phones and other handheld devices are not usable on ships without paying exorbitant connection fees. This can be solved with flying communication drones hovering above each ship. Communication Drones: Operating like communication satellites in space, flying communication drones will be a quick way to eliminate the shadows and dead spots common with today‘s tower-based cellular networks. Surveillance Drones: Criminals fleeing the scene of a crime will have an entirely new set of police tracking devices to contend with when drones are brought into the mix. Video Projector Drones: Once a video projector is added to a flying drone, you suddenly have a marketer‘s dream tool with the ability to project images on the sides of buildings, on sidewalks, or even on the side of a moving vehicle. One stop career

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Robot Counselor In 2030, robots will play a greater part in providing home care and services than they do today. The robot counselor will be a resource for a family, by observing how the family interacts and identifying their needs and lifestyle.Because these home robots will be like servants or caregivers, new owners can expect many changes around the home when one is brought in. Job Requirements / Skills Robot counselors will need many of the skills that today‘s family counselors have. Their social and communication skills will need to be balanced with an understanding of the technologies that change household routines. Virtual

reality maker

Education required: University  Computer graphic design  Graphic software  Hardware design-to design the glove and the tablet  Electrotechnics Skills: good imagination, skillfull, intelligent Interesting notes: To make virtual reality we needglasses that look like sun glasses depending on the type of your choice. When you want to make this virtual reality you have to connect the glasses with PC, mobile or tablet. The connection can be from bluetooth. One stop career

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If you want to show memories from your photo or video you can do it by yourself. If you want to know how it works, continue reading. Memories are shown by these glasses. It works like time travelling but you are there just like mind, you are just watching the situation. These glasses don´t teleport your body, just your mind. Viktória Suchová SOŠD Slovakia Animal teacher Personal qualities:  patient  kind  friendly  funny  he or she must like animals  intelligent  communicative Job responsibilities:  to teach animals to write, read, speak and count  to practice conversation with animals  to lead animals to write books  to teach water animals surfing on waves  to teach land animals to drive a car and birds aerial acrobatics  to teach elephants and horses to play games for example basketball, volleyball, football or tennis One stop career

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 the main responsibility is to teach animals how to help people Education: university– branches: animal anatomy, hygiene of animal breeding, animal food hygiene, animal psychology, social studies; Eva Janešíkova SOŠD Slovakia Holographic book maker How to use a holographic book Holographic books can be read on a tablet. To make this book we need an application for the tablet and a camera that will transmit holographic rays.When you end your reading at some page, you can use holographic bookmarks.When you want to turn the page on, you must have a special glove that is connected to the holographic book. Qualities of a holographic book maker: Smart, Creative, Patient, Good imagination, Skills Advantages of holographic books: Visible in existing room light, Text appears in natural colours, Text display full 3D appearance. Job requirements:  Computer graphic design  Graphic software  Hardware design-to design the glove and the tablet  Electrotechnics One stop career

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 To be the holographic book maker you need to have University education.  If you like reading books in yours Smart phones you can have this holographic book everywhere.  HBM‗s are generating phones that can making holographic ray. Patrícia Suchová SOŠD Slovakia Dragons breeder  patient  strict but kind the same time  hard working Job responsibilies:  teach someone dragons do massage, put make- up on, brush hair  learn some dragons babysitting, for example make breakfast to school, go with a child to school, help a child with homework  to reproduce dragons in a laboratory  to teach dragons saddle so that they can transport people Education: university - branches:  dragon anatomy  hygiene of animal breeding  dragon food hygiene  laboratory  technology (to learn how to reproduce dragons in a laboratory)  dragon treatment Renáta Mackovčáková SOŠD Slovakia One stop career

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Space building engineer This engineer makes buildings in space – on the moon or on planets where people would live. This job is dangerous because in space there is not oxygen and the gravitation. So firstly they have to make artificial gravitation and the oxygen. SBE-Space Building Will firstly design the building and then construct the parts of building.When all parts of build are finished, engineers will have to go in space and build these. Many people will want to work in space but they need to have a lot of experience and skills.There will be just one University on our planet, where you will get education to be space building engineer. This university will be in UK. Skills: Smart, Skillful, Patient Education: University  Technical drawing  Building design  Space devices  Space statics gravitation Buildngs will look like this one. There on this picture you can see that roof will be made from glass so at night you will see the stars or planets near your home. Engineers will make big cities where people could live for a long time. Space stations will look like this one. Engineers will live in this station until the buildings will be constructed. In this station is artificial gravitation but oxygen is limited for definite date. Adam Rác, SOŠD Slovakia One stop career

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7.2. Jobs in demand in the future Medical and Health Services Managers 73,300 predicted job openings by 2022 $88,580 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Plan, direct, or coordinate medical and health services in hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations. Typical Educational Bachelor's degree

Requirements:

Why They're Thriving: As with construction managers, managerial positions tend to do well financially. The BLS projects that, as Baby Boomers get older, and as Obamacare's reforms dramatically change the health insurance market, employment in the health-care sector is primed to take off in the near future.

Construction Managers 78,200 predicted job openings by 2022 $82,790 median annual wage in 2012 What they do: Organize, plan, and supervise construction projects. Typical Educational Requirements: Bachelor's degree Why they're thriving: Managers of all kinds tend to have higher wages than those they supervise, and the BLS notes that managers make the highest median salary of any of the large occupational One stop career

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groups it studies. The construction sector was hit especially hard in the Great Recession. However, the BLS projects that over the next decade, construction employment will finally begin to return to prerecession levels, allowing for impressive growth in the coming years. Prepared by the Turkish students Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing 132,000 predicted job openings by 2022 $54,230 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses or groups of individuals. Typical Educational Requirements: Bachelor's degree Why They're Thriving: Salespeople are needed in almost every industry. Any company that makes or sells something will need sales representatives, meaning this already large occupation will continue to grow. Prepared by the Turkish students

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Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 204,600 predicted job openings by 2022 $35,170 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Obtain and use numerical data to complete financial records and maintain accounting records. Typical Educational Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent Why They're Thriving: As with sales representatives, most organizations need people keeping track of the money coming in and going out, resulting in a steady demand for good bookkeepers. Prepared by the Turkish students

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers 192,600 predicted job openings by 2022 $38,200 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Drive the vehicles that carry pretty much everything we consume. Typical Educational Requirements: Post-secondary non-degree Why They're Thriving: As the economy continues to recover from the recession, there will simply be a lot more stuff to move around. That means there will also be an increased need for people to move that stuff. Prepared by the Turkish students One stop career

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Licensed Practical and Vocational Nurses 182,900 predicted job openings by 2022 $41,540 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Assist doctors and registered nurses and provide basic medical care to patients. Typical Educational Requirements: Post-secondary non-degree Why They're Thriving: Because of changing demographics in America and changes to how health insurance works, health care is going to be a quickly growing sector over the next few decades. Unlike registered nurses, who typically have an Associate's or Bachelor's degree in nursing, licensedpracticalnursestendtoonlyneedabout 12 to 14 months of post-high-schooleducation. Prepared by the Turkish students First-line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 128,300 predicted job openings by 2022 $59,700 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Directly supervise and coordinate activities of construction or extraction workers. One stop career

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Typical Educational Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent Why They're Thriving: As the construction sector begins to fully recover from the recession, job openings in these occupations are expected to increase. Prepared by the Turkish students

Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists 131,500 predicted job openings by 2022 $60,300 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Research market conditions to help guide sales and marketing decisions. Typical Educational Requirements: Bachelor's degree Why They're Thriving: Most organizations need to understand the market they work in. Like sales representatives and bookkeeping clerks, firms in any industry will need market researchers to help get those insights. Prepared by the Turkish students

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First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers 171,500 predicted job openings by 2022 $49,330 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of clerical and administrative support workers. Typical Educational Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent Why They're Thriving: As companies launch and grow, they will need clerical workers, as well as supervisors that manage them. Prepared by the Turkish students Carpenter 218,200 predicted job openings by 2022 $39,940 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Construct houses, other structures, and various frames and fixtures out of wood. Typical Educational Requirements: High school diploma or equivalent Why They're Thriving: This is another entry on the list that is heavily tied to the construction industry, which is projected to expand rapidly over the next few years as it climbs out of the depths of the recession. Prepared by the Turkish students One stop career

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Psychologist Psychologists are increasingly working with physicians and other professionals in a variety of different settings, and this type of multidisciplinary work is only going to increase. Individual and group therapy with adults, adolescents, and children, addressing common problems such as depression, anxiety and substance abuse.They also work in schools to help students enhance learning and consult with and provide expert testimony in court proceedings. Many other services where aspects of human behavior and behavioral change are important. Burtea Ionut Madalin LT OLTCHIM Registred Nurse For those looking to enter the field, the future looks bright. A 26 percent increase in the demand for new nurses is expected between 2015 and 2020. This is meant to help meeting the needs of our growing population and more complex health care environment. The ratio of potential caregivers to the people most likely to need care, the elderly population, will decrease by 40% between 2010 and 2030.

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Demographic changes may limit access to health care unless the number of nurses and other caregivers grows in proportion to the rising elderly population. Nurses shortage already represents a major problem in Romania. Dinica Mihai- Romeo Romania Marketing analyst To obtain a marketing analyst job requires an analytical mind, creativity with a brand manager. One sector is developing in the field of marketing research and marketing analyst job has become a strength of a career. A marketing analyst is more than just a "data collection". If you want a job in marketing also should know that: -You will analyze consumer trends; -You will identify new markets; -You use the information industry to obtain profit growth in the company where you have the job. Paraschiv Florentina LT OLTCHIM Software Systems Developers 82,800 predicted job openings by 2022 $99,000 median annual wage in 2012 What They Do: Develop high-level software systems in a variety of industries. One stop career

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Typical Educational Requirements: Bachelor's degree Why They're Thriving: The BLS projects that technology will continue to be a lucrative and growing sector over the next few years, and there will be strong demand for people who can write the basic software that technology depends on. Ciutescu Georgiana Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim Physical therapist Physical therapists provide help to improve the mobility of injured or ill people. They are important to the physical rehabilitation of patients with chronic injuries and help with pain management to people who have experienced physical trauma. Physical therapists also work with injury prevention and education. To be a physical therapist you must have a Doctor of Physical Therapy Degree and have a license to practice. Jobs similar to this include audiologists, chiropractors, physical therapist assistants, and speech language pathologists. Fugaru Maria Loredana Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim Electrical Engineer Electrical engineers design, develop and maintain electrical control systems and/or components to required specifications, focusing on economy, safety, reliability, quality and sustainability. They design and manufacture electrical One stop career

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equipment for use across many sectors, including: · the building industry and services, including lighting, heating and ventilation; · transportation and transport networks; · manufacturing and construction; . production and distribution of power You will design analog and digital circuits and PCB designs in Altium Designer, run SPICE simulations and also program in Matlab and C++. Work history as an application or research engineer at an industry leading EE manufacturer is a big plus. Electrical Engineering broadly encompasses disciplines such as microelectronics, photonics, computer engineering, signal processing, control systems, and communications, all of which enable and underpin a modern technological society. Engineering Sciences is suitable for students interested in learning the scientific fundamentals, technologies and creative processes of contemporary electrical engineering. Electricity use will increase in the future as the population density increases and consumption will be higher. That's why jobs in electricity will be sought after, with a salary high enough. Nedeloiu Narcis Liceul Tehnologic OLTCHIM Elementary School Teacher The role of an elementary teacher is to provide early guidance in the educational development of young children. The typical age range of elementary school students is 5 to 11. This is a vital point in a child‘s development, as their experiences during this period can account for much of their behavior later in life. The growth rate is projected at 23% in 10 years time. One stop career

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Militaru Silviu Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim Medical and Health Services Manager An aging population, along with a greater focus on preventative care, is translating into greater demand for healthcare services. As a result, many types of healthcare facilities should see a rising need for managers and administrators. As medical technology continues to advance, more procedures and services are likely to be offered through health practitioners' offices, where strong management skills will also be in demand. What They Do: Plan, direct, or coordinate medical and health services in hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations. What core attributes and knowledge do health care employers generally seek in managers? Ability to lead and inspire Analytical skills Organizational skills Understanding of policy Strong decision-making Interpersonal skills One stop career

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Ability to manage and collaborate with diverse groups Data mining and analysis Strong verbal and written communication Monea Florin Emanuel Liceul Tehnologic OLTCHIM

7.3. Jobs that will disappear in the future Sewing machine operator Sewing machine operators have one of the darkest future because their jobs will be taken by automatic sewing machines or by robots . Also, this job may be considered unnecessary because there is no need to have high studies to provide this. Other information : Employed in 2010: 163,200 Employed in 2020: 121,100 Total change: -42,100 Percentage change: -25.8% Education required: Less than high school Militaru Silviu Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim Farmer Farmers will disappear in the future because they will be replaced with the new technology that will appear. One stop career

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We can observe from now a lot of farmers jobs were replaced with machines, such as: cow milk tube extractors, grain collector tractors, mechanic vegetables irrigator and many others. Europe expects in the next 10 years farming will no longer be a business; it will become just a lifestyle. The new farming plans will be to create fruits and vegetables able to resist for a few years in vide, without a root. The concepts are to grow them in special laboratory a condition which means farmers will no longer be useful, they will be replaced with scientists and botanists. Dinca Radu LT OLTCHIM Watchmaker This job will disappear in the future as technology advances every day, now there are many devices that show the exact time. Also, there are few people who still wear watches, hence in time nobody will be interested to repair the clock. Currently, very few watchmakers have customers. Spare parts for older watches are found increasingly difficult. Many of these are sourced from the flea market, where old watches are sold. Another reason which supports the idea that this job will dissapear is the fact that there aren't disciples who have learned the secrets of how true craftsmen repair watches.

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Paraschiv Florentina LT OLTCHIM Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators Occupational Group: Office and administrative support occupations Change in employment (from 2010 to 2020): - 68,900 Percent change: - 48.5% Typical education required: High school diploma or equivalent Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators are responsible for incoming and outgoing mail distribution. Their duties have them examining, sorting and routing mail according to its destination. Clerks must load machines that process the mail and keep records of shipments, sacks and more. Additional duties include bundling and labeling mail, training new workers, selling stamps or weighing packages at the front counter and use directories to forward maul. A high school diploma is needed, but on-the-job training is provided. Today these jobs are less popular because many people use the email ; they are likely to disappear in the future. Diaconu Eduard Liceul Tehnologic OLTCHIM One stop career

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Librarian Librarians are immensely helpful, pointing you to the correct source, providing further ideas, and generally managing immense collections with remarkable accuracy. At the moment, they are far more effective than search engines for a wide variety of tasks. However, they are not cheap, and what happens when the library closes? Online librarian services are now commonplace for universities, and the inevitable endpoint of such operations is the usual tandem of automation and outsourcing. Now that Google Books (and similar ventures) have been ruled legal, these automated operations are only going to improve. In ten years time, a costly masters degree in library science may join the string of programs that leads to more debt than job options.

Ciutescu Georgiana Liceul Tehnologic Oltchim

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PROJECT GENERAL INFORMATION As educators, we all have the same gooal – to motivate and help our students develop professional competences and strenghten future employability of all the students. That was the reason for starting a multilateral school project entitled 'Challenge, Selfconfidence, Initiative in Europe (CSI:Europe)'. It addressed secondary schools students who are a bit lack of self-confidence and need to be motivated and guided to be able to identify their strengths and weaknesses, to challenge in personal and social life as much as in work life so that they are encouraged to take up opportunities, which we hope will result in raise in youth employment. This book came out as an outcome of the project. The project also promoted cooperation between different countries, exchange of experiences and respect to cultural similarities and differences. As the students actively took part in every phase of the activities, they needed English for communication, and some basic expressions in partners' language. The students and the teachers developed their social and professional skills to be able to come up with the desired outcomes, such as the web site, the books, Comenius Corner at school, a DVD, and so on. This project on the tendency in European countries that young people face obstacles to be employed. Quality education and training, integration into work life, mobility of students and prejudices against other nations are to be overcome. Without minimising the problems just mentioned, countries cannot fully make use of young people to create an economy based on knowledge, research, innovation, creativity and active participation in society. Our project aimed to help the young realise their full potential, take risks in every field, exchange information and cooperate with their European peers so One stop career

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that they are able to raise their awareness of seizing every social and work opportunities. Students became aware of the world of work and its function in society, diversity, expectations, trends, and requirements. Besides, all staff and students developed their abilities to do a team-work, the ability to express their points of view, identify and realise social and economic opportunities in cultural activities, to plan and take part in joint activities, particularly of those who are considered to be disadvantaged in society, as many of the participants who currently live in rural areas with very little chance of a quality employment. Their culture of knowledge covered an awareness of local, national and European cultural heritage and their place in the world. A further common motivation of all participating partners consisted in the fact that a project with different countries of Europe is the best chance to enhance the use of the English language for international communication and thus have social and cultural experiences through the meeting of teenagers from abroad. To confront the challenges of the globalization and to preserve the cultural diversity of the people of Europe it is more than ever necessary to work for the strength of the cohesion of the European Union and its cooperation. From school‘s perspective the project was the opportunity to provide relevant education concerning the European labour market expectations and creating the international atmosphere in the school. Last but not least, mobility of students and staff reinforced the European dimension between the peoples with different socio economic levels and social status and it helped them get a better understanding of European citizenship, especially when we take into

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consideration the fact that one of the participating schools was a private one whereas others were public schools. The project was based on the belief that our children have to be motivated to raise their skill levels, encouraged to take risks in life, supported for worklife and social inclusion and monitored to keep themselves fresh and updated for any advances and they can thus significantly contribute both to their own country's economy and European economy. In addition, it is obviously seen that the main economic problems can not be solved only in one country. They are actual for all European countries. That‘s why guidance on students' future employment plans, coaching in the first place was a good starting point for a framework and an intensive European cooperation. In the context of workforce migration, field experiments to factories along with tailored activities in partner countries were meant to make students familiar with European labour market flexibility and therefore lead to a better integration into EU countries. So the project provided the students and the teachers with the opportunity to know more not only about obstacles or differences and similarities in economical, social, historical and cultural characteristics of the countries involved in this partnership but also to see the ways of appreciating them and overcoming stereotypes. Working together, exchanging information, doing products in common and carrying out mobility activities shaped personalities, helped to enlarge and consolidate the cooperation and to promote solidarity, citizenship, mutual understanding and respect for all Europeans. Besides, the project allowed teachers and especially students to achieve basic skills, such as the language and culture ones, One stop career

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essential on the job market and in the European societies which are composed by a significant variety of traditions and cultures. Now you might understand why we entitled the book One stop career- professional guidance for students. Our desire in writing this book was to collect and include as many outcomes and motivating ideas from the project experience as possible and thus support our students in planning their career.

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References

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=16056 http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13659 http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/UstMenu.do?metod=temelist http://www.iskur.gov.tr/KurumsalBilgi/istatistikler.aspx#dltop http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13509 http://www.turkpdristanbul.com/universite-adaylarinin-2013-meslektercihleri/ 7. http://www.radikal.com.tr/ekonomi/iste_issiz_ordusunun_hayalini_s usleyen_meslekler-1147968 8. http://ekonomi.milliyet.com.tr/iste-2013-yilinin-en-cokaranan/ekonomi/detay/1765248/default.htm 9. http://www.google.com.tr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web &cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2F mebk12.meb.gov.tr%2Fmeb_iys_dosyalar%2F45%2F03%2F218419 %2Fdosyalar%2F2012_12%2F12112110_geleceginmeslekleri.doc& ei=CndeU47nBoaN7AaRk4C4CA&usg=AFQjCNFFCw35wGMEDc ROhd2vAIC0aXfvhA&sig2=3_3Grorm734SkLf_4V0Y1A 10. http://www.ikyworld.com/haberler/haber02.htm 11. http://www.justlanded.com/english/Turkey/TurkeyGuide/Jobs/Social-security-in-Turkey 12. http://www.uwplatt.edu/acac/job-shadow-experience

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This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein

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