Office of Economic Affairs

Liechtenstein in Figures 2007/2008

Published and distributed by: Office of Economic Affairs, Statistics Division Äulestrasse 51 LI-9490 Vaduz Phone +423 236 68 76 Fax +423 236 69 31 E-Mail [email protected] Internet www.avw.llv.li - Link "Statistik" Copyright: © Office of Economic Affairs, Statistics Division Reproduction is authorized, provided publisher is mentioned. Pictures: − Municipality of Planken − Press and Information Office, Vaduz − Isabel Zimmermann, Triesenberg Printed by: BVD Druck + Verlag AG 9494 Schaan Cover picture: Municipality of Planken Key: A dash (-) in place of a figure indicates absolute zero. A dot (.) in place of a figure indicates that the figure is not available or has been omitted for other reasons.

2

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Table of contents Geographical situation

4

Climate

6

History and constitution

8

Population

10

National economy

16

Employment

21

Agriculture

28

Industry and skilled trades

30

Services

33

Transport and communication

37

Energy

39

Public finance

41

Official Statistics publications

47

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

3

Geographical situation

4

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Area 2

Wooded area Agricultural area Unproductive area Settlement area Total area

67 km 2 55 km 2 24 km 2 16 km 2 160 km

41 % 34 % 15 % 10 % 100 %

Geographical limits North: South: West: East:

o

47 16’ 08’’ o 47 02’ 58’’ o 9 28’ 16’’ o 9 38’ 34’’

north north east east

Municipalities: area and height 2006

Vaduz Triesen Balzers Triesenberg Schaan Planken Upland Eschen Mauren Gamprin Ruggell Schellenberg Lowland

Area (km2) 17.3 26.5 19.7 29.7 26.9 5.3 125.5 10.4 7.5 6.2 7.4 3.6 35.0

Liechtenstein

160.5

Municipality/district

Height above sea level (m) 460 512 477 886 462 786 452 472 468 433 630

Population density (inhabitants/km2) 293 177 226 86 213 72 182 399 496 236 260 290 351 219

Liechtenstein is the fourth smallest country in Europe. Dimensions 24.8 km at longest distance, 12.5 km at widest distance. Highest mountain Grauspitz: 2 599 m Lowest point Ruggeller Riet: 430 m Frontiers 41.2 km with Switzerland, 36.7 km with Austria.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

5

Climate

Average temperatures in Vaduz 1997-2006

1.7 C o 3.1 C o 5.8 C o 10.7 C o 12.6 C o 16.7 C o 18.6 C o 19.2 C o 15.2 C o 13.0 C o 3.9 C o -0.3 C

o

10.0 C

0.6 C o 2.6 C o 6.8 C o 9.9 C o 15.1 C o 18.1 C o 18.9 C o 18.7 C o 15.3 C o 11.3 C o 5.1 C o 2.1 C

Annual average

10.4 C

6

2004

o

January February March April May June July August September October November December

2005

o

0.2 C o -1.0 C o 5.9 C o 10.7 C o 14.7 C o 18.5 C o 18.6 C o 16.4 C o 16.5 C o 11.3 C o 4.1 C o -0.4 C

o

9.6 C

2006

o

-3.4 C o 0.8 C o 3.8 C o 9.8 C o 14.4 C o 18.2 C o 22.7 C o 15.1 C o 18.0 C o 14.1 C o 8.8 C o 2.3 C

o

o

10.4 C

o

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Annual sunshine levels in hours 2 000 1 800 1 600 1 400 1 200 1 000 800 600 400 200 0 1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

1990

1995

2000

2005

1995

2000

2005

Annual rainfall in mm 1 400 1 200 1 000 800 600 400 200 0 1980

1985

o

Average annual temperatures in C 12

11

10

9

8 1980

1985

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

1990

7

History and constitution

History 1342 1396 1434-37 1699 1719 1806 1815 1852 1862 1868 1919 1921 1924 1950 1960 1972 1978 1980 1990 1991 1995 1997 2003 8

Creation of the earldom of Vaduz The earldom of Vaduz becomes directly subject to the Holy Roman Emperor Unification of upland (earldom of Vaduz) and lowland (domain of Schellenberg) Prince Johann Adam Andreas purchases the domain of Schellenberg; purchase of the earldom of Vaduz in 1712 Vaduz and Schellenberg become the Imperial Principality of Liechtenstein Inclusion in the Confederation of the Rhine: Liechtenstein becomes a sovereign state Accession to the German Confederation Customs treaty with Austria A new constitution comes into force which provides for a parliament to represent the people Abolition of the Liechtenstein army Cancellation of the customs treaty with Austria Amendment of the constitution; democratic rights are strengthened Customs treaty with Switzerland, introduction of the Swiss franc as the official currency Membership of the International Court of Justice at The Hague Supplementary protocol on participation in EFTA Supplementary agreement on inclusion in Switzerland’s EC and ECSC agreements Member of the Council of Europe Currency treaty with Switzerland Liechtenstein becomes the 160th member of the UN Member of EFTA Liechtenstein joins the EEA and the WTO Foundation of Archbishopric of Vaduz Amendment of the constitution Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Constitution State, constitution

The principality of Liechtenstein is a hereditary constitutional monarchy, based on a democratic and parliamentary system. Power lies with the Prince and the people and is exercised by both in accordance with the provisions of the constitution (Article 2 of the constitution).

Head of State

HSH Prince Hans-Adam II. von und zu Liechtenstein succeeded Prince Franz Josef II. on 13 November 1989. On 15 August 2004, Prince Hans-Adam II. has entrusted Hereditary Prince Alois to exercise his sovereign powers as his representative.

Government

Five-member government nominated by parliament and appointed by the Prince for four years. Head of Government Otmar Hasler (FBP) Deputy Head of Government Klaus Tschütscher (VU) Other members: Rita Kieber-Beck (FBP) Martin Meyer (FBP) Hugo Quaderer (VU)

Parliament

25 members elected by the people for four years in universal, direct and secret elections. Distribution of seats 2005 – 2009 12 seats Progressive Citizens’ Party (FBP) 10 seats Patriotic Union (VU) 3 seats Free List (FL)

Courts

Civil and criminal cases are heard initially by the Landgericht, at appeal by the Obergericht and at supreme court level by the Oberster Gerichtshof. Public law cases are dealt with by the Administrative Court and the Staatsgerichtshof. The courts are all in Vaduz.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

9

Population

Resident population by municipalities Municipality/ district

Resident population (31.12.2006)

Vaduz Triesen Balzers Triesenberg Schaan Planken

5 070 4 674 4 450 2 566 5 747 387

Upland Eschen Mauren Gamprin Ruggell Schellenberg

22 894 4 141 3 718 1 463 1 920 1 032

Lowland

12 274

Liechtenstein

35 168

10

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Resident population of which Year

Inhabitants

Liechtensteiners

Other nationalities

Other nationalities in percent

1901 1911 1921 1930 1941 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006

7 531 8 693 8 841 9 948 11 094 13 757 16 628 21 350 25 215 29 032 32 863 34 600 34 905 35 168

6 419 7 343 7 845 8 257 9 309 11 006 12 494 14 304 15 913 18 123 21 543 22 748 22 988 23 261

1 112 1 350 996 1 691 1 785 2 751 4 134 7 046 9 302 10 909 11 320 11 852 11 917 11 907

14.8 15.5 11.3 17.0 16.1 20.0 24.9 33.0 36.9 37.6 34.4 34.3 34.1 33.9

Resident population 35 000

Other nationalities Liechtensteiners

30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

2006

2005

2004

2000

1990

1980

1970

1960

1950

1941

1930

1921

1911

1901

0

11

Resident foreign population by nationality Year

Other nationalities

1930 1941 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006

1 691 1 785 2 751 4 143 7 046 9 302 10 909 11 320 11 852 11 917 11 907

of which Swiss 436 584 1 191 1 536 2 518 4 055 4 459 3 805 3 614 3 617 3 610

Austrian 746 733 876 1 184 1 822 1 945 2 069 2 006 2 054 2 045 2 037

Italian 106 60 125 376 938 894 1 071 1 028 1 208 1 208 1 194

German 301 300 402 836 1 152 1 029 1 026 1 131 1 177 1 178 1 190

Others 102 108 157 211 616 1 379 2 284 3 350 3 799 3 869 3 876

Resident population by age Year

Total resident population

1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006

21 350 25 215 29 032 32 863 34 600 34 905 35 168

Age 0 - 14 5 961 5 788 5 522 6 088 6 089 6 059 5 992

15 - 64 13 708 17 160 20 619 23 335 24 660 24 811 24 975

65+ 1 681 2 267 2 891 3 440 3 851 4 035 4 201

Age distribution of resident population (31.12.2006) Liechtensteiners

Other nationalities 100 + 95-99

b

c

90-94 85-89 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4

2000

12

1500

1000

500

0

0

500

1000

1500

2000

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Resident population by marital status single

Year 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006

Men 5 836 6 215 7 034 7 490 7 878 7 925 7 987

Women 5 562 5 920 6 476 7 070 7 219 7 245 7 308

separated, divorced, widowed

married Men 4 161 5 320 6 884 7 555 8 021 8 099 8 125

Women 4 161 5 320 6 468 7 423 7 829 7 910 7 932

Men 619 984 547 993 1 151 1 180 1 231

Women 1 011 1 456 1 623 2 332 2 502 2 546 2 585

Marital status (31.12.2006) divorced, separated 6.5%

widowed 4.4%

single 43.5%

married 45.7%

Marriages in 2006 Number of persons who got married

290

100.0%

Liechtenstein men / Liechtenstein women Liechtenstein men / Women of other nationalities Men of other nationalities / Liechtenstein women Men of other nationalities / Women of other nationalities

68 79 82 61

23.4% 27.2% 28.3% 21.0%

Causes of death in 2006 Cause of death Infections Malignant Cancer Heart, circulation, blood Respiratory organs Digestive organs Infirmity Accident and violent deaths Suicides Others Unknown (mainly deaths reported from abroad) Total

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Deaths

Men

Women

3 54 81 18 7 20 7 1 10

2 33 30 11 3 5 6 1 5

1 21 51 7 4 15 1 5

19

9

10

220

105

115

13

Births Liechtensteiners

Other nationalities

Total

450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

Deaths Liechtensteiners

Other nationalities

Total

300

250

200

150

100

50

0 1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

Surplus of births Liechtensteiners

Other nationalities

Total

300

250

200

150

100

50

0 1960

14

1970

1980

1990

2000

2004

2005

2006

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Households in 2000 – population cencus (bold: number of households; italics: number of persons)

Households 13 325 32 806

Private households 13 282 32 244

Collective households 43 562

Multiple-person households 8 961 27 923

Single-person households 4 321 4 321

Family households 8 705 27 342

Non-family households 256 581

Single persons with parent(s) 145 318

Couples without children 2 978 6 158

Two parents with children 4 656 18 385

Single parents with children 926 2 481

Households by municipalities in 2000 – population census Municipality / district

Households

Municipality / district

Households

Vaduz Triesen Balzers Triesenberg Schaan Planken

2 288 1 865 1 621 939 2 388 122

Eschen Mauren Gamprin Ruggell Schellenberg Lowland

1 450 1 261 465 604 322 4 102

Upland

9 223

Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

13 325

15

National economy

Currency On 26 May 1924 Liechtenstein declared the Swiss franc (CHF) the legal currency of Liechtenstein. All coins, bank notes and other payment media used in Switzerland were recognised as official legal tender in Liechtenstein. Rate of price increases Year

Annual average in %

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

1.6 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.1

In Liechtenstein the Swiss national consumer prices index applies.

6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0%

16

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1994

1993

1992

1991

1990

1989

1988

1987

0.0%

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Income from gainful activity since 1960 The income from gainful activity is the sum of the income of those employed in Liechtenstein, with compulsory old-age and survivors insurance (active resident population minus outward frontier commuters plus inward frontier commuters), as well as contributions of those not gainfully employed with voluntary AHV insurance. Year

million CHF

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

56.7 194.4 549.5 1 092.7 1 867.1 1 988.6 2 063.0 2 020.3 2 083.4 2 199.5 2 332.5

Old age pension scheme Assets (as at 31.12.) in million CHF Year

Old-age and survivors insurance (AHV)

Company pension scheme (BV)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

1 361.4 1 472.1 1 583.2 1 701.5 1 773.4 1 693.4 1 785.0 1 845.1 2 026.7 2 133.3

1 700.5 1 912.5 2 109.0 2 330.9 2 414.7 2 277.5 2 621.2 2 814.0 3 133.5 .

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

17

National Accounts Indicators since 1998 – at current prices Year

Gross domestic product (GDP) in million CHF

GDP per person (full-time equivalents) in CHF

Gross national income (GNI) in million CHF

GNI per inhabitant

163 000 178 000 176 000 165 000 160 000 158 000 162 000

3 534 3 869 4 112 3 782 3 698 3 538 3 553

112 000 120 000 125 000 113 000 109 000 104 000 103 000

1998 3 595 1999 4 002 2000 4 195 2001 4 205 2002 4 191 2003 4 135 20041 4 279 1 Provisional figures

in CHF

Gross domestic product (GDP) in 2004 – at current prices In comparison with neighbouring countries National currency (bn.)

in billion CHF1

Liechtenstein CHF 4.3 4.3 Switzerland CHF 451.4 451.4 Austria EURO 236.2 371.5 Germany EURO 2 211.2 3 478.2 1 Foreign currencies converted at yearly average rates (1 Euro = 1.573 CHF)

A distinctive feature of the Liechtenstein GDP is that it derives to a considerable extent from the work done by working personnel domiciled abroad. In 2004, 47.1% of people at work in Liechtenstein were cross-border commuters from abroad. For this reason, it is not valid to calculate per capita GDP based on population numbers in Liechtenstein. GDP per inhabitant would yield misleading results in comparison with other countries. Gross value added in 2004 By economic fields Households, agriculture 7%

Industry and goods production 40%

Financial services 26% General services 26%

18

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Number of enterprise units 2004

2005

2006

Change 2004/06 in %

Economic sectors Sector 1 Agriculture and forestry Sector 2 Manufacturing Sector 3 Services

126

126

122

-3.2

591

597

602

1.9

2 436

2 531

2 692

10.5

1-9 employees 10-49 employees 50-249 employees 250+ employees

2 684 390 64 15

2 784 394 59 17

2 943 393 63 17

9.6 0.8 -1.6 13.3

Total

3 153

3 254

3 416

8.3

Size of firms

Social protection in Liechtenstein • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

sickness and maternity insurance (1910) occupational accident insurance (1910) non-occupational accident insurance (1932) old-age and survivors insurance (1952) family allowance (1957) bad weather compensation in the construction industry (1957) subsidy for the building of houses (1958) disability insurance (1959) occupational illnesses protection (1961) supplementary allowances for old-age, survivors and disability insurance (1965) social assistance for individual cases (1966) unemployment insurance (1970) blind persons allowance (1971) widowers pension (1981) maternity benefits (1982) insolvency compensation (1985) company pension scheme (1989)

Social security agreements with Switzerland, Austria, Germany and Italy.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

19

Liechtenstein as a location Advantages • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

social, legal and economic stability customs and currency union with Switzerland member of the European Economic Area centrally located in Europe high level of political continuity and stability political neutrality and neutral neighbour countries liberal economic policy well-trained labour force long working hours cooperation between employers and workers liberal tax legislation with low tax rates sound public finances little bureaucracy and direct administrative channels rapid processing of applications and requests flexible public administration high competitiveness favourable conditions for investment strong financial capacities, low interest rates efficient banking system banking laws including confidentiality good infrastructure high quality of life; short travel distances to work, recreation areas nearby • broad cultural spread Disadvantages

• • • • • • •

limited land area high prices of land for buildings high costs of buildings no own raw materials marginal position in Swiss economic area minor international importance heavily dependent on other countries

20

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Employment

Employment

Year (31 Dec)

Resident population in gainful employment

of which outward commuters

inward commuters

total employed

of which other nationalities

1880

3 137

.

.

.

.

1891

3 282

.

.

.

.

1901

3 120

.

.

.

.

1911

3 479

.

.

.

.

1921

4 323

.

.

.

.

1930

4 436

.

1501

4 586

.

1941

4 874

723

101

4 161

676

1950

6 018

380

7001

6 338

2 007

1960

7 575

179

1 7001

9 096

3 893

1970

9 336

368

2 601

11 569

6 240

1980

12 266

723

3 297

14 840

8 212

1990

13 970

9501

6 885

19 905

11 933

2000

16 710

1 105

11 192

26 797

16 960

2004

16 768

1 146

13 911

29 533

19 506

2005

16 872

1 205

14 503

30 170

20 035

17 223

1 287

15 138

31 074

20 700

2006 1 Estimate

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

21

Employment by economic sector since 1950 30 000 Sector 3 25 000

Sector 2 Sector 1

20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0 1950

1960 1970

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005 2006

Employment by economic sector since 1950 100% Sector 3

90%

Sector 2 Sector 1

80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2001

1990 2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Employment since 1950 30 000

Inward commuters Resident population in gainful employment in Liechtenstein

25 000

20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0 1950

22

1960 1970

1980

2002 2003

2004

2005 2006

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Employment by economic sector (31.12.2006) Resident population in gainful employment Sector 1 Agriculture and forestry Sector 2 Manufacturing

Inward commuters

Employed in Liechtenstein

Share in %

355

15

58

398

1.3

5 934

464

8 099

13 569

43.7

38

2

9

45

0.1

3 983

378

7 208

10 813

34.8

Mining and quarrying Processing industries

of which outward commuters

Energy and water supply

164

4

47

207

0.7

1 749

80

835

2 504

8.1

10 934

808

6 981

17 107

55.1

1 508

188

1 073

2 393

7.7

Hotels and restaurants

641

60

242

823

2.6

Transport, communications

570

61

614

1 123

3.6

1 251

44

1 132

2 339

7.5

1 546

128

1 420

2 838

9.1

1 370

19

1 039

2 390

7.7

1 308

29

200

1 479

4.8

708

74

291

925

3.0

1 220

160

557

1 617

5.2

812

45

413

1 180

3.8

17 223

1 287

15 138

31 074

100.0

Construction trades Sector 3 Services Retail, repairs

Banking and insurance Real estate, informatics, business services Legal consultancy, trust management Public administration Education Health and social services Other services Total

Employment by economic fields (31.12.2006) Households, agriculture 2.1% Financial services 15.2%

Industry and goods production 43.7%

General services 38.9%

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

23

Persons employed by economic sector in 2006 In comparison with neighbouring countries

Liechtenstein Switzerland Austria Germany

Sector 1 Agriculture and forestry

Sector 2 Manufacturing

Sector 3 Services

1.3% 3.8% 5.5% 2.1%

43.7% 23.0% 28.2% 25.5%

55.1% 73.1% 66.3% 72.4%

Sector 1

Sector 2

Sector 3

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0% Liechtenstein

24

Switzerland

Austria

Germany

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Employment in Liechtenstein (31.12.2006) Residents and inward commuters

Resident in Liechtenstein 51.3%

Inward commuters 48.7%

Inward commuters by residence Austria 48.0% Switzerland 48.5%

Others 3.5%

Nationalities at the workplace

Liechtensteiners 33.4%

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Other nationalities 66.6%

25

Total employment as at 31 December 2006 - Summary

Residents permanent 35 168 non-permanent 368

Inhabitants in gainful employment

Employed in Liechtenstein

35 536

17 223

31 074

Not in gainful employment Inward 18 313

commuters 15 138 thereof 383 Liechtensteiners Outward commuters 1 287 Other nationalities resident in

In gainful employment 17 223

Liechtenstein Employed in

5 945

Liechtenstein Liechtensteiners 15 936

resident in Liechtenstein 9 991

26

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Labour market - Unemployment In 2006 the unemployment rate was revised to allow international comparisons. New definition Year (31 Dec)

Job seekers

Vacancies

Unemployed

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

388 557 367 352 410 477 727 802 828 744

32 28 31 28 66 44 27 20 61 93

. . . . . . . . . 584

Unemployment rate . . . . . . . . . 3.3%

Former definition Unemployed 314 482 299 290 354 413 651 725 731 689

Unemployed / employed in % 1.4% 2.0% 1.2% 1.1% 1.2% 1.4% 2.2% 2.4% 2.4% 2.3%

Unemployment rate – former and new definition 4.0 % 3.3 %

3.0 %

2.3 % 2.0 % 1.0 % 0.0 % Dec 97

Dec 98

Dec 99

Dec 00

Dec 01

New definition

Dec 02

Dec 03

Dec 04

Dec 05

Dec 06

Former definition

New definition: Unemployed persons who are not in temporary programmes in percent of the residents in employment. Former definition: All unemployed persons in percent of all employed persons in Liechtenstein.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

27

Agriculture

Farmland (excluding the alps) accounts for some 24% of Liechtenstein’s 16 000 ha. In 2006, 1.1% of all employees in Liechtenstein worked in agriculture and horticulture, while 0.2% were employed in forestry. More than half of the gross agricultural return comes from the dairy industry. Some 90 farms produce 13 to 14 million kg milk per year.

28

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Agricultural units by size Size in ha

1975

1985

1995

Total 582 448 401 20 49 66 79 1 provisional data; producers receiving direct payments only

2000

20051

199 73 23 29 74

133 10 17 26 80

Number of agricultural units 600

500

> 20 ha 10 - 20 ha 5 - 10 ha < 5 ha

400

300

200

100

0 1975

1985

1995

2000

2006

Livestock and milk production Cattle of which cows Horses Pigs Sheeps Goats Poultry Bee colonies Milk production (in 1000 kg)

1975

1985

1995

2000

2005

2006

5 625 2 129 . 3 890 1 861 43 2 573 .

6 228 2 777 173 3 784 2 373 125 2 464 1 320

6 089 2 656 295 2 738 3 118 206 2 728 1 022

5 054 2 562 379 2 013 3 319 239 . 953

5 564 2 851 409 1 703 3 603 324 10 364 1 033

5 826 2 985 426 1 723 3 661 358 11 712 854

6 270

12 814

12 729

12 968

13 471

13 212

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

29

Industry and skilled trades

Liechtenstein's economy has a significant emphasis on industrial production. In 2006, the production sector provided 44% of the jobs, which in comparison with other European countries is extraordinarily high. The jobs of the industrial sector are provided by 602 enterprises. These enterprises are mainly small companies with less than 50 employees. They are active in a large number of specialised market niches and contribute to the broad diversification of Liechtenstein's economy. The most important branches are mechanical engineering, electrical machinery, vehicle components, dental technology, food products as well as construction work. Due to Liechtenstein's limited domestic market, especially the larger enterprises are heavily export-oriented. A vast majority of their goods production is sold abroad. The most important export countries of Liechtenstein's industry and goods production sector are Switzerland, Germany and the USA.

30

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Direct goods exports (without Switzerland) Year

million CHF

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

3 032 3 002 2 820 2 877 3 203 3 227 3 304

1

+/5.3% -1.0% -6.1% 2.0% 11.3% 0.8% 2.4% 1

Direct goods imports (without Switzerland) Year

million CHF

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

1 456 1 488 1 378 1 490 1 881 1 909 2 164

+/16.6% 2.2% -7.4% 8.1% 26.3% 1.5% 13.3%

Direct goods exports and imports (without Switzerland)

1

3 500

In million CHF

3 000 2 500 2 000 1 500 1 000 500 0 1980

1985

1990

Direct imports 1

1995

2000

2005

Direct exports

Data of the Federal Customs Administration. Goods exchange with Switzerland is not included.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

31

Extract from the industrial statistics of the LCCI 1

The 31 industrial member companies of the Liechtenstein Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) employed in Liechtenstein 7 778 employees at the end of 2005. 2

Export sales of LCCI industrial member companies since 1970 Year

million CHF

1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

333 887 2 213 4 622 4 422 4 294 4 646 5 144 5 465

+/. . . . -4.3% -2.9% 8.2% 10.7% 6.3%

2

Export sales of LCCI industrial member companies by economic areas (2005) Asia/Pacific 1 299 million CHF 24%

European Economic Area (EEA) 2 412 million CHF 44% Switzerland 640 million CHF 12%

America 988 million CHF 18%

Other countries 126 million CHF 2%

3

Staff in foreign subsidiaries of LCCI industrial member companies (31.12.2005) Continent

Number of foreign subsidiaries

Number of employees

Europe America Asia Australia Africa

125 26 35 4 1

19 663 5 040 3 736 332 134

Total

191

28 905

1

The Unaxis Balzers Ltd. plant in Trübbach, Switzerland, is classified as part of the Balzers location in Liechtenstein. The export sales are the invoiced sales to foreign countries. 3 Foreign subsidiaries majority-owned by LCCI industrial member companies 2

32

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Services

Tourism in hotels and guest houses Year

Hotels and guest houses1

Beds available1

Guest arrivals

Overnight stays

59 70 64 60 49 43 43 44

1 060 1 415 1 760 1 387 1 314 1 159 1 248 1 292

40 136 72 421 85 033 77 735 62 894 50 103 51 056 56 204

76 362 145 247 182 443 149 861 133 485 103 724 111 289 118 143

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2004 2005 2006 1 as at August

Overnight stays

Guest arrivals

200 000 180 000 160 000 140 000 120 000 100 000 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

2006

2005

2004

2003

2002

2001

2000

1995

1990

1985

1980

1975

1970

1965

0

33

Banks in million CHF

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

Nominal balance Net profit Number of employees in Liechtenstein

4 364 20

17 348 59

36 964 549

38 176 743

43 377 627

485

1 144

1 773

1 719

1 849

Nominal balance – in million CHF 50 000 45 000 40 000 35 000 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

1995

2000

2005

Total staff working in Liechtenstein 2 000 1 800 1 600 1 400 1 200 1 000 800 600 400 200 0 1980

1985

1990

Client assets (as at 31.12.) - in million CHF 1995

2000

Net client deposits 1,2 30 265 70 613 Relevant capital 20 518 28 397 Trusts2 5 342 13 670 Total client assets2 56 124 112 680 1 Client deposits offset against items relevant to balance 2 incomplete figures in 1995 and 2000

34

2005

2006

88 698 28 494 11 527 128 719

114 006 31 431 15 488 160 925

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Domestic investment companies Net assets (million CHF) Individual portfolios Investment companies

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

6 100 148 90

11 980 183 107

15 610 240 141

20 570 275 163

26 650 339 208

Net assets of domestic investment companies - in million CHF 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Insurance companies domiciled in Liechtenstein 2002 Gross premiums written (million CHF) Investment assets (million CHF) Technical provisions (million CHF) Equity (million CHF) Number of enterprises Number of employees

2003

2004

2005

2006

670

1 480

2 560

4 200

6 810

2 350

3 730

6 610

10 210

16 380

1 940

3 250

4 220

9 180

15 850

281 21 130

475 23 122

444 28 152

437 31 165

598 35 206

Gross premiums written and investment assets – in million CHF Gross premiums written

Investment assets

15 000

10 000

5 000

0 2001

2002

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

2003

2004

2005

2006

35

Domicile-establishing and holding companies A distinction is drawn between: • Companies trading in Liechtenstein A permission to trade or a licence is required. They are subject to capital and earnings tax • Domicile-establishing and holding companies These companies must be entered in the Public Register and are subject to a special company tax Activities of domicile-establishing and holding companies: • • • • • •

grouping of international capital and economic interests grouping or control of direct investments real estate management licence exploitation for intangible rights private investment and investment management distribution of investment income to family welfare bodies, charities and other beneficiaries

Company types in the Liechtenstein company law: • • • • • • • • • • • •

association limited company limited liability company cooperative establishment (Anstalt) foundation trust enterprise trust ordinary company undisclosed partnership and occasional company collective company (public trading company) limited partnership

36

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Transport and communication

Motor vehicles Motor vehicles

Year (1 July)

number

1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

8 208 15 269 21 233 28 447 29 608 30 463 30 746 31 220 31 785 31 710 31 900

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

per 1000 inhabitants 392 592 746 866 883 909 907 910 919 908 907

Cars number 6 210 12 569 16 891 21 784 22 626 23 265 23 524 23 935 24 393 24 293 24 368

per 1000 inhabitants 297 487 594 672 688 694 694 698 705 696 693

37

Number of vehicles 35 000 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 1970

1980

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

1990

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Number of cars 25 000

20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0 1970

1980

Road traffic accidents Accidents Injuries Fatalities

1970

1980

1990

2000

2005

2006

338 90 12

344 126 9

340 115 3

424 150 3

435 109 2

448 97 -

1985

1995

2005

2006

12 11 978 393 2 026

12 16 856 445 3 008

12 13 188 499 4 120

12 14 839 482 3 585

Postal services and public transport Post offices Letters delivered (in 1000s) Parcels delivered (in 1000s) Public bus travellers (in 1000s)

38

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Energy

Energy consumption/imports (in MWh)

1990

2000

2005

2006

Electricity Natural gas Fuel oil Petrol Diesel oil Firewood Liquid gas Coal

144 955 443 941 121 175 37 863 11 625 27 101 1 661

221 176 140 705 420 929 233 050 69 417 12 407 3 684 304

302 018 296 992 260 123 278 013 79 646 25 419 1 530 195

353 128 397 130 273 989 220 008 102 135 26 043 1 020 73

369 497 404 534 287 403 201 088 110 688 29 746 1 530 50

Total

788 320

1 101 673

1 243 936

1 373 526

1 404 536

66 569

67 819

103 494

90 398

93 789

31

38

38

39

40

Self supply Consumption per inhabitant 1 2

1980

Until 1999 imported petrol, since 2000 petrol sales at petrol stations. Until 2002 imported diesel oil, since 2003 diesel oil sales at petrol stations.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

39

Energy consumption/imports in 2006

Natural gas 28.8%

Electricity 26.3%

Fuel oil 20.5%

Coal, liquid gas 0.1%

Diesel oil 7.9%

Petrol 14.3%

Firewood 2.1%

Energy consumption/imports MWh 1 600 000 Electricity Fuel oil Petrol

1 400 000

Firewood Diesel oil Natural gas

1 200 000 1 000 000 800 000 600 000 400 000 200 000 0 1980

40

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Public finance

National budget Current account – in million CHF 1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

Current expenditure Current revenue Cash flow

465.7 546.1 80.4

597.9 1 115.9 518.0

706.3 769.0 62.7

733.2 858.0 124.8

772.4 1 206.8 434.4

Depreciation on fixed capital

51.3

60.9

74.4

85.8

66.8

Surplus current account

29.1

457.1

-11.7

39.0

367.6

Current expenditures by subject category – in million CHF Personnel costs Expenditures on materials Regular contributions Financial allocations Asset management costs Allocations to special funds

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

93.9 80.7 150.3 84.2 5.5

107.9 73.0 245.7 159.8 8.2

147.3 75.5 330.4 135.5 4.4

148.6 73.8 339.8 142.2 4.7

147.1 76.3 348.4 155.8 5.3

53.2

0.5

0.3

0.4

0.3

-2.1

2.9

12.9

23.7

39.3

465.7

597.9

706.3

733.2

772.4

51.3

60.9

74.4

85.8

66.8

517.0

658.8

780.7

819.0

839.2

Depreciation on portfolio securities Liquidity expenditure Depreciation on fixed capital Total

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

41

National budget Current expenditures 2006 by purpose of expenditure - in million CHF Finance, Taxation 157.5

Social welfare 187.1

Others 110.6

Education 136.2

Public safety 50.0

General administration 87.7

Current revenues by type – in million CHF 1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

363.3 45.1 101.3

666.7 391.9 43.0

591.9 116.2 40.3

635.0 160.1 42.5

687.1 463.0 37.4

Repayments from municipalities

10.2

14.0

20.2

20.0

19.2

Withdrawals from special funds

26.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

546.1

1 115.9

769.0

858.0

1 206.8

Taxes and duties Revenues from assets Fees

Total

Capital account – in million CHF 1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

80.0

89.4

92.6

101.5

97.1

Investment income

8.0

13.7

15.2

15.8

15.8

Net investments

72.0

75.7

77.5

85.7

81.3

1995

2000

2004

2005

2006

80.4

518.0

62.7

124.8

434.4

8.3

442.3

-14.7

39.0

353.1

Gross investment

Cash flow Financing surplus / deficit

42

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Local budgets - Municipalities Current accounts – in million CHF 2000

2004

2005

2006

Current expenditure

139.2

144.2

144.5

141.0

Current revenue

287.9

258.0

266.6

293.9

Cash flow

148.7

115.8

122.1

152.9

Depreciation on fixed capital

64.8

77.3

73.1

75.4

Surplus current accounts

83.9

38.5

49.0

77.5

Current expenditures by subject category – in million CHF Environment, land development 15.5 Mio. CHF

Social welfare 12.7 Mio. CHF

Culture, leisure 25.4 Mio. CHF

Others 31.2 Mio. CHF

Education 26.6 Mio. CHF

General administration 27.4 Mio. CHF

Current revenues by type – in million CHF 2000

2004

2005

2006

151.1 1.4 16.3

151.5 1.8 11.7

160.4 1.6 13.3

175.8 1.4 21.4

Service charges

27.8

20.7

19.0

19.7

Fiscal equalisation Other revenues

80.1 6.7

59.7 7.3

63.9 3.2

69.0 1.4

Taxes Charges, fees Revenues from assets

Internal transfers Total

4.4

5.2

5.3

5.2

287.9

258.0

266.6

293.9

Capital accounts – in million CHF Gross investment Investment income

2000 129.6 26.3

2004 105.4 26.2

2005 99.0 23.5

2006 117.7 23.5

Net investments

103.3

79.2

75.5

94.1

2000

2004

2005

2006

Cash flow

148.7

115.8

122.1

152.9

45.4

36.6

46.6

58.8

Financing surplus / deficit

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

43

Fiscal income – State and municipalities Fiscal income – in million CHF 2000

2004

2005

2006

Taxes and duties - State Taxes and duties - Municipalities

506.8 232.5

451.4 212.7

487.7 225.4

524.3 245.6

Total taxes

739.3

664.1

713.1

769.9

Social contributions

219.8

244.8

258.2

280.6

Total fiscal income

959.1

908.9

971.3

1 050.5

Tax revenues by type of tax – in million CHF 2000

2004

2005

2006

Property and income tax Capital and earnings tax Coupon tax Real estate gains tax Commuter tax Capital tax (Holdings) Stamp duties Value added tax Motor vehicle tax Other taxes and duties

108.2 131.1 56.8 21.2 12.0 90.8 106.9 161.6 8.9 41.8

117.4 123.4 35.3 16.2 16.4 85.9 41.6 173.3 9.8 44.9

127.3 137.3 37.6 14.5 16.7 93.8 50.3 174.0 10.1 51.5

138.7 163.6 34.0 15.3 17.3 97.6 65.4 176.4 10.3 51.2

Total

739.3

664.1

713.1

769.9

Tax revenues 2006 by type of tax – in million CHF Capital and earnings tax 163.6

Property and income tax 138.7

44

Coupon tax 34.0

Other taxes, duties 94.1

Capital tax (Holdings) 97.6

Stamp duties 65.4

Value added tax 176.4

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Taxes in Liechtenstein 1. Taxes on natural persons PROPERTY AND INCOME TAX (national tax with 160 to 200% surtax of the municipalities) • At municipality surtax of 200% 1.62 to 8.51‰ property tax 3.24 to 17.01% income tax REAL ESTATE GAINS TAX • 3.24 to 34.02% of the real estate profit DEATH DUTY, INHERITANCE TAX AND GIFT TAX • progressive according to degree of relationship and size of assets: death duty 0.5 to 5% inheritance tax and gift tax 0.5 to 27% EU SAVINGS DIRECTIVE • levied on interest payments made to beneficial owners (individuals) who are resident for tax purposes in an EU Member State rate of tax: 15% 2. Company taxes CAPITAL AND EARNINGS TAX • levied on companies with domestic activities capital tax: 2‰ earnings tax: 7.5 to 20% COUPON TAX • levied on coupons of shares issued by local legal persons, and equal certificates rate of tax: 4% STAMP DUTY • stamp duty on domestic equities 1% of the issue value with a tax-free allowance of CHF 1 mio. • transaction duty on transfers of securities 1.5 resp. 3‰ of the value • Fee on insurance premiums 2.5% on life insurance premiums (single deposits) 5% on other, not exempted insurance premiums FORMATION TAX (DUTY) • upon formation of a company and capital increase if there is no stamp duty imposed rate of tax: 1.0 to 0.3% (degressive) of the company capital with a tax-free allowance of CHF 1 mio., resp. 2‰ for foundations, minimum CHF 200.--

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

45

DOMICILE-ESTABLISHING AND HOLDING COMPANIES • capital tax on capital and reserves of domicile-establishing and holding companies rate of tax: 1‰, minimum CHF 1 000.-TAXES ON FOREIGN INSURANCE COMPANIES • 1% on premium receipts from life and old-age insurance 2% on all other premium receipts CAPTIVES • 1.0 to 0.5‰ (degressive) capital tax on equity capital INVESTMENT COMPANIES • no taxation on managed assets 3. Excise duties VALUE-ADDED TAX • 7.6% on supplies of goods and services, some at reduced rate of 3.6 resp. 2.4% MOTOR VEHICLE TAX • levied on vehicles registered in Liechtenstein CHF 50.-- to CHF 2 200.-- depending on capacity or weight CUSTOMS DUTIES • according to Swiss legislation 4. Other taxes and duties LOCAL AUTHORITY SURCHARGE • on the national property and income tax (maximum 250%) TICKET TAX • 10% of the entrance fee for public events DOG LICENCE • CHF 20.-- to CHF 200.-HOUSEHOLD CHARGE • Flat-rate charge for use of local infrastructure: maximum CHF 50.--

46

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

Official Statistics publications Published Liechtenstein in Figures Statistical Yearbook Accident insurance statistics Babies’ names Banking statistics Census (several volumes) Construction statistics Consumer prices index Economic report Liechtenstein Economic survey Education statistics Employment statistics Energy statistics Health insurance statistics Marital status statistics Motor vehicle statistics National accounts Naturalisation statistics New motor vehicles on the road Population statistics Publications directory Revenue statistics Statistics on agricultural holdings Statistics on goods transports on roads Tourism statistics Unemployment statistics

Annually Annually Annually Annually Annually 10-yearly Annually/quarterly Monthly Half-yearly Quarterly Annually Annually Annually Annually Annually Annually Annually Annually Annually/monthly Half-yearly Occasionally Annually 5-yearly Annually Annually/summer, winter seasons Annually

All publications are available on the internet at www.avw.llv.li – Link "Statistik". The Statistical Yearbook costs CHF 35.-- plus CHF 5.-- p+p. The specialised Official Statistics publications are often more detailed and up-to-date than the corresponding tables in the Statistical Yearbook or in this brochure. More information on Liechtenstein at www.liechtenstein.li.

Liechtenstein in Figures 2008

47

Office of Economic Affairs Statistics Division Äulestrasse 51 9490 Vaduz Principality of Liechtenstein Phone +423 236 68 76 Fax +423 236 69 31 E-Mail [email protected] Internet www.avw.llv.li - Link "Statistik"