www.norwich.edu

NORWICH UNIVERSITY • CADET HANDBOOK • 2013

158 Harmon Drive Northfield, VT 05663

NORWICH UNIVERSITY The Military College of Vermont Founded 1819

I WILL TRY CADET HANDBOOK

NORWICH UNIVERSITY

CADET HANDBOOK

A GUIDE FOR CADETS

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Published by The Office of the Commandant Norwich University Northfield, Vermont 2013

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Vision Statement Norwich University will be a learning community, American in character yet global in perspective, engaged in personal and intellectual transformation and dedicated to knowledge, mutual respect, creativity and service. Mission Statement, 1843 Catalogue To give our youth an education that shall be American in its character to enable them to act as well as to think to execute as well as to conceive “to tolerate all opinions when reason is left free to combat them” to make moral, patriotic, efficient, and useful citizens, and to qualify them for all those high responsibilities resting upon a citizen of this free republic. Statement Of Guiding Values Norwich University was founded in 1819 by Captain Alden Partridge, U.S. Army, and is the oldest private military college in the country. Norwich University is a diversified academic institution that educates traditional age students in a Corps of Cadets or as civilians, and adult students. Norwich identifies the following as our guiding values. 1. We are men and women of Honor and Integrity. We shall not tolerate those who lie, cheat, or steal. 2. We are dedicated to learning, emphasizing teamwork, leadership, creativity, and critical thinking. 3. We respect the right to diverse points of view as a cornerstone of our democracy. 4. We encourage service to nation and others before self. 5. We stress being physically fit and drug-free. 6. To live the Norwich motto, - “I will try!” - meaning perseverance in the face of adversity. 7. We stress self-discipline, personal responsibility, and respect for law. 8. We hold in highest esteem our people and reputation. ii

THE CADET OATH I ....., will henceforth strive to live by the Norwich Creed. As a member of the Norwich Corps of Cadets I promise to accept and apply the principles of the Honor Code; to abide by the Norwich Rules and Regulations: to obey the legal orders of Norwich officials and my seniors in the Corps of Cadets; to foster the Norwich spirit; and to uphold the traditions of my Alma Mater. In all my endeavors from this day forth I will reflect the spirit of the Norwich motto “I will try”

CADET LEADERS OATH I am a Cadet leader. I will assist each individual in their efforts to be highly motivated, well disciplined, and physically and mentally fit Cadet. I will instill pride in all I lead. Pride in self, in the Corps, in Norwich University, and in our Country. I will insist that each Cadet meets and maintains the standards of military bearing and courtesy, consistent with the highest traditions of Norwich University and our Guiding Values. I will lead by example, never requiring a Cadet to attempt any task I would not do myself. But first, last, and always, I am a Norwich University Cadet, sworn to uphold the Norwich University Rules and Regulations and Standards.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION Statement of Guiding Values....................................................................................ii Cadet Oath................................................................................................................iii Cadet Leaders Oath..................................................................................................iii Forward.....................................................................................................................vii NORWICH LEADERSHIP University President..................................................................................................1 Vice President for Enrollment Management and Student Affairs.............................................................................................5 Commandant of Cadets............................................................................................7 Norwich Seal..............................................................................................................9 University Motto..................................................................................................... 10 HONOR Honor Code............................................................................................................ 12 COMMANDANTS OFFICE Responsibilities....................................................................................................... 22 Corps of Cadets Organization Chart................................................................... 24 Cadet Shoulder Insignia........................................................................................ 25 ACADEMICS Academics............................................................................................................... 27 Advisors................................................................................................................... 29 Academic Honors and Awards............................................................................. 31 CORPS OF CADETS Membership............................................................................................................ 33 Leadership Progression......................................................................................... 33 Uniforms and Code Flags...................................................................................... 35 Specialty Units........................................................................................................ 37 iv

Unit Excellence Awards ........................................................................................ 39 NU Interior Guard ................................................................................................ 42 Military Traditions ................................................................................................ 43 Customs of the Corps of Cadets .......................................................................... 51 Military Courtesy .................................................................................................. 53 Saluting ................................................................................................................... 56 Flag Precedence ..................................................................................................... 63 Courtesies to the National Flag ........................................................................... 64 How to Display the National Flag ....................................................................... 66 MILITARY INFORMATION Army Leadership ................................................................................................... 69 U.S. Armed Forces Rank Insignia ....................................................................... 71 Code of Conduct ................................................................................................... 73 Phonetic Alphabet ................................................................................................. 74 Military Time ......................................................................................................... 74 ROOK TRAINING Pointers for Freshman ........................................................................................... 76 Freshman Orientation Period .............................................................................. 78 Rook Training ........................................................................................................ 79 Rook Requirements, Restrictions, and Recognition ......................................... 81 Advice ..................................................................................................................... 89 NORWICH HISTORY Brief History Of Norwich ..................................................................................... 91 Norwich History, Chronology ............................................................................. 98 Presidents of NU ................................................................................................. 103 Founding Father .................................................................................................. 104 Commandants of NUCC .................................................................................... 109 BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES Upper Parade Ground ........................................................................................ 112 Religion ................................................................................................................. 115 v

Academic Buildings ............................................................................................ 118 Athletic Facilities ................................................................................................. 120 Administrative and Support Buildings ............................................................. 123 MEMORIALS Alden Partridge Statue ........................................................................................ 125 Centennial Gateways .......................................................................................... 126 Centennial Stairs ................................................................................................. 127 “Uncle Jim” Evans ................................................................................................ 128 Harmon Statue ..................................................................................................... 129 William H. Earle Murals ..................................................................................... 131 ACTIVITIES ....................................................................................................... 137 NU HERITAGE, LEGENDS AND TRADITIONS Norwich Bugler ................................................................................................... 143 Bugle Calls ............................................................................................................ 143 Norwich Medal of Honor Recipients ................................................................ 147 First Graduates ..................................................................................................... 151 Norwich and the State of Vermont ................................................................... 153 Norwich Flag ........................................................................................................ 157 Norwich Cadet’s Creed 1908 .............................................................................. 158 Norwich Dress Uniform ..................................................................................... 159 Cavalry at Norwich University .......................................................................... 161 Norwich Class Ring ............................................................................................. 163 Norwich Shoulder Patch ..................................................................................... 165 Norwich Cover Device ....................................................................................... 166 Appreciations ....................................................................................................... 167 NORWICH SONGS, SLANG & ETTIQUETTE Corps Songs ......................................................................................................... 169 Corps Slang .......................................................................................................... 172 Social Standards ................................................................................................... 175

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FORWARD

This Cadet Handbook describes the history and traditions of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets. The Norwich University mission statement and guiding values combined with the enclosed leadership tenets serve as the doctrine for the Corps of Cadets. Honor is the keystone that our values and tenets are dependent upon. Success hinges on all members of the Corps fully understanding and abiding by the honor code. This handbook provides each cadet minimal essential attributes that each cadet is responsible to be, know, and do. It is not enough simply to know the “right thing,” it is imperative that each cadet inculcate these values as their own and live every day of his/her life to the enclosed standards of excellence. The Commandant’s Office is the proponent of this publication. Send comments and recommendations for improving this manual to Norwich University, ATTN: Office of the Commandant, 158 Harmon Drive, Northfield, VT 05663-1035.

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MAJOR GENERAL RICHARD W. SCHNEIDER, VSM 23rd PRESIDENT 1

A MESSAGE FROM THE 23RD PRESIDENT Welcome to Norwich University, the Nation’s oldest private military college and the birthplace of ROTC. You have embarked on what will be the most intense, rewarding four years of your life. Our purpose is to help you develop as a leader of character with impeccable integrity. We are committed to fostering your growth intellectually, physically, morally and ethically. The cornerstone of our value-based system is the Honor Code. The Honor Code is simple and is the minimum standard of ethical behavior for all cadets - a cadet will not lie, cheat, steal or tolerate those who do. The Norwich University Honor Code was developed by the NU class of ’52 and implemented by the NU class of ’53. I expect you to live this Honor Code every day. You are marching across the same fields, walking the same foot-steps and in some cases studying the same academic courses of Norwich graduates who have led this great Republic for more than 190 years. Norwich graduates have served in every conflict beginning with the Mexican War of 1846, earned seven Medals of Honor, led the nation’s Army at the highest position, become CEO’s of business and industry – you are now preparing to take your place in our nation as a leader. Read this book carefully and review it routinely throughout your four years at Norwich. Take this book with you and when you are troubled or facing difficult times, reread this book. It will provide the right moral compass.

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RICHARD W. SCHNEIDER, Ph.D. 23rd PRESIDENT OF NORWICH UNIVERSITY

One of the longest seated college presidents in New England, Dr. Richard W. Schneider proudly carries on the tradition Norwich University founder Alden Partridge began over 194 years ago of developing “citizen soldiers.” Through his experience in the military and academia, as well as his service in the U.S. Coast Guard, Dr. Schneider epitomizes Norwich’s special and unique traditions. A native of Queens, New York, Dr. Schneider is a 1968 graduate of the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. He was commissioned as an ensign in the Coast Guard and served eight years of active duty, including a tour of Vietnam. Dr. Schneider retired from the Coast Guard Reserve as a Rear Admiral. In July 1992, Dr. Schneider became the 23rd President of Norwich University. Since then, he has championed Norwich’s charge to distinguish the University in the marketplace of higher education institutions. Dr. Schneider has worked with Norwich’s Board of Trustees to create a comprehensive strategic plan for the University entitled NU2019. This document articulates the course Norwich will take in its quest for excellence in academia, student life, improved national brand, and improved financial security by the year 2019, as the University starts the third century of fulfilling its mission of service to its students and the nation. During Dr. Schneider’s tenure Norwich University has seen major improvements on multiple fronts. Academically, four undergraduate colleges now offer 30 different majors. Seventy percent of Norwich students graduated in the top half of their high school class. Under his tutelage the acceptance rate to the university has dropped to 56% and an Honors Program has been instituted.

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In an effort to internationalize the campus various programs at Norwich are now offered to give students the opportunity to study abroad, and to study with others who come to Norwich from overseas. In addition to Norwich’s undergraduate programs, the Norwich University College of Graduate and Continuing Studies, which began as the modest Military Graduate program in 1997, has grown to 1,100 students enrolled in ten different programs. The Corps of Cadets currently stands at approximately 1,500 members; and the University commissions into all military services. Norwich’s Army ROTC program, the University’s largest, regularly falls behind only West Point in the number of fresh lieutenants who head out to various stations across the world each spring. Three separate capital campaigns under Dr. Schneider have raised over $125 million to date. These funds have been used to enhance academic programs and scholarships, as well as to add brick and mortar improvements to the campus. Since 1992 Norwich has seen the construction of the Kreitzberg Library, the Kreitzberg Arena, the Engineering, Math and Science Complex, the Sullivan Museum & History Center, the Wise Campus Center, the South Hall civilian dormitory and the Doyle Hall athletic complex connector. With Dr. Schneider’s guidance and direction, Norwich University continues to produce our nation’s leaders who excel in fields of battle as well as in corporate boardrooms.

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DR. FRANK VANECEK VICE PRESIDENT FOR ENROLLMENT MANAGEMENT AND STUDENT AFFAIRS PROFESSOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

Arriving at Norwich University in 1976, Dr. Vanecek is beginning his 37th year of service. Prior to his recent appointment as Vice President for Enrollment Management and Student Affairs, Dr. Vanecek served for two years as the University’s Interim Vice President for Academic Affairs from 2008 to 2010. 5

Dr. Vanecek served as Dean of the School of Business and Management from 1987-2008 and 2010-2012. His primary responsibility during that 22 year period was the creation, coordination and growth of degree programs in Management, Accounting, Engineering Management, Computer Science and Computer Security/Information Assurance. Dr. Vanecek has taught courses in the following academic areas: accounting, finance, management, data structures, database management, computer forensics, computing ethics, web design and multi-media applications. While on sabbatical in 1986/87, Dr. Vanecek served as Chairman of the Information Systems Department at the University of Guam. On Guam, he developed the groundwork for the implementation of a computerized accounting system for the governments of Palau, Truk, and Guam. This project was funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of the Interior. Dr. Vanecek was then awarded a Norwich University Dana research grant to develop a computerized, preference driven model of the Guam Economy and later received a Category I Dana Award for excellence in research and teaching. Subsequently, Dr. Vanecek was awarded a “Malone Fellowship” by the National Council on U.S./Arab Relations to participate in a three month research/ lecture program in Tunisia. During a second sabbatical from 1995-1998, Dr. Vanecek held the position of Chairman of the Information Systems Department at the Sultan Qaboos University in Muscat, Oman, where he implemented an information systems degree for the College of Commerce and Economics.

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COLONEL RUSSELL J. HOLDEN 54th COMMANDANT NORWICH UNIVERSITY CORP OF CADETS

Colonel Russ Holden is a native of Hyde Park, Vermont. He graduated from Norwich University in 1973 and began his career as a rifle and mortar platoon leader with the 3-60th Infantry, 9th Infantry Division. Subsequent to these assignments COL Holden spent two years assigned to the 114th Aviation Company, 210th Combat Aviation Battalion in Panama where he flew in support of the 193rd Infantry Brigade, Southern Command and the 7

Organization of American States. In 1979, COL Holden was assigned to the US Army Aviation Center, where he commanded Company C (Pathfinder/ Airborne) 509th Infantry during Operation Honey Badger. Upon departing the US Army Aviation Center, COL Holden was assigned to Company B, 229th Attack Helicopter Battalion, and Task Force 160th. Following the activation of the 160th Special Operations Aviation Battalion on 16 October 1981, he commanded Company B, 160th Special Operations Aviation Battalion until March 1983. His next assignment took COL Holden to the Army Mountain Warfare School where he was both Chief of Instruction and Commandant. From 1990 to 1994 COL Holden served as the Counter Drug Coordinator for the State of Vermont. COL Holden was then assigned to the US Army Infantry Center’s Dismounted Battle Space Battle Lab as Chief of the Dismounted Forces Division. From February 1996 to April 1997, COL Holden served as a Special Assistant to the Commanding General. COL Holden joined the staff of his alma mater in 2001 as an Assistant Commandant. He then served as the Deputy Commandant of Cadets from 2006 to 2012. On June 1, 2012, COL Holden assumed command of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets as its 54th Commandant. COL Holden’s military education and training includes the Airborne and Ranger Schools, Infantry Mortar Leaders Course, Infantry Officer Basic and Advanced Courses, UH-1H, OH-6 and AH-6 Aircraft Qualification Courses, Austrian Army High Alpinist – Winter, Rock and Ice Courses and the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. COL Holden’s awards and decorations include the Legion of Merit, the Meritorious Service Medal (2-OLC), the Air Medal, the Army Commendation Medal (1-OLC) and the Humanitarian Service Medal. He is authorized to wear the Senior Army Aviator Badge, Ranger Tab, Parachutist Badge and Austrian Military High Alpinist Badge.

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NORWICH SEAL

The exact origin of the Norwich Seal is lost to history. Norwich University was originally chartered on 6 Nov, 1834, by the Vermont State Legislature. In the charter, the University was authorized by the state to “…have a common seal, to serve and use for all causes, matters, and affairs of theirs and their successors, and the same may alter, or make anew as they see fit.” The earliest document held by the Norwich archives with the seal is a diploma from 1839. The earliest surviving flag has a similar design with the motto “I’ll try” at the top of the field, instead of below it as in the seal. In 1845, Captain James H. Murdock, Lieutenant George Moulton and Porter B. Southgate, officers of the Woodstock Light Infantry Co., Vermont State Militia, presented a seal to the University in gratitude for two weeks of military training provided to them at no cost. The seal was used at the University until August 1, 1866. The Norwich seal features a cannon and a theodolite in the foreground. The cannon indicates our focus on military education and the theodolite our focus on scientific education, particularly the school’s focus on engineering. In the background are mountains, symbolic of the Green Mountains, where the school has been located during most of our existence. The sun rising over the mountains is indicative of the cadet’s acquisition of knowledge. Our motto, “I will try” signifies our willingness to persevere in the face of adversity and recalls the proud heritage of citizen-soldiers and their success as leaders. The earliest design of the eagle is similar to those used on militia and federal officer’s chapeaus between the War of 1812 and 1820. It has changed over time to the current design of an eagle facing west. 9

UNIVERSITY MOTTO

The Norwich University motto, “I will try,” was inspired by one of the most significant victories by the U.S. Army during the War of 1812. Throughout the war U.S. forces had limited success against the British forces, and in particular British Regulars. At the Battle of Lundy’s Lane, July 25th, 1814, Colonel James Miller, commander of the U.S. 21st Infantry Regiment, was directed by Brigadier General Jacob Brown to make a difficult night-time frontal assault against a British artillery battery positioned on a hill near the Niagara River in Canada. Even more daunting, the position was held by the British 89th Regiment, victors at Chrysler’s Farm less than a year earlier against several U.S. Regiments. Col Miller’s response was “I’ll try, sir.” After two unsuccessful attempts, Miller rallied the remnants of his regiment and was finally successful in a fierce assault that brought the muskets of the opposing forces so close that they were fighting muzzle- to-muzzle. The British were forced to abandon their artillery, wagons, and munitions. Thus, Col Miller immortalized himself through his actions and his words. Significantly, BG Brown and Col Miller had been senior officers in the militia who were given commissions in the U.S. Army and should be considered role models for future citizen-soldiers. More recently confusion and misunderstanding has arisen about the source of the Norwich motto. One erroneous tradition is that Truman Bishop Ransom, the second president of Norwich University, coined the motto, “I will try” on September 12th, 1847, while leading his regiment at the Battle of Chapultepec during the Mexican War. A variant of the tradition is that Ransom during the same battle in which he lost his life used the expression “Essayons” (French for “Let’s Try”), the official motto of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. There is no evidence to support either of these traditions. It is clear, however, that the Norwich University motto, “I will try,” was established and in use well before the Mexican War. In fact, it was incorporated into the University seal as early as 1839. The oldest flag of the University, 10

now in the Norwich Museum, is embroidered on one side with the words “Presented by the Young Ladies of Norwich [Vermont] to the Cadets of Norwich University, August, A.D. 1844.” The other side of the flag displays a version of the University seal emblazoned with the motto “I’ll try.”

“I will try. This means holding firm to timeless values. This means doing the right thing, not when it’s easy, but especially when it is hard. It means citizen soldiers, selflessly serving America in peace and war. Selfless service to the nation and to each other - that is success. That is the essence of Norwich”

– General Gordon R. Sullivan, NU ‘59, USA (Ret.) 1992 Commencement Address

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HONOR CODE In the fall of 1951 a Honor System was formally established at Norwich University under the guidance of General Harmon. The Norwich University Honor Code is maintained and administered by the Corps Honor Committee, under the supervision of the Commandant of Cadets and the Vice President of Enrollment Management and Student Affairs. The Norwich Honor Code provides the foundation for a way of life, and for the development of fundamental attributes of good character. Honor is a virtue which impels personal courage and duty, truthfulness and self-respect, justice and generosity. Its underlying principle is truth. This code does not involve a complicated system of ethics. It does, however, require honest dealing and clear thinking. The Code is a minimum standard of ethical behavior for cadets, and is to be embraced by each cadet – an internal self-enforcement mechanism. Cadets are expected to live by the Code’s standard both at and away from Norwich, in their professional, military and personal lives. The application of the principles of the Honor Code to the problems of daily life may sometimes be difficult. If there is a question in your mind concerning the Honor Code stop and think before you say or write anything. Ask yourself the question, “Am I being completely honest and forthright in this matter?” In your personal efforts to find the truth do not try to evade unpleasant facts. We admire and respect a cadet who is straightforward and honest; even though you may receive punishment as a result of telling the truth, you gain a fine reputation which will follow you the rest of your life. Therefore, it is better to tell the truth and accept the consequences of your actions.

“He who permits himself to tell a lie once finds it much easier to do it a second and third time, till at length it becomes habitual; he tells a lie without attending to it, and truths without the world believing it.” – Thomas Jefferson

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The Honor Code applies to all cadets from the day that they first enroll at Norwich until the day that they graduate, and it follows them, both at the University and away. Those cadets who find that they cannot abide by the high principles of the Honor Code may be separated from the University as provided in the Regulations. For the vast majority of the Corps, however, the Honor Code is a source of great pride, and the very basis of a complete and honest education.

PRINCIPLES OF THE HONOR CODE The Honor Code of Norwich University is based on the principles that a cadet will not lie, cheat, steal, or tolerate such actions on the part of another cadet. Stated in even simpler terms, the Honor Code requires that every cadet conduct himself or herself at all times in a completely honest and forthright manner. The fundamental nature of these principles precludes the necessity for legislating detailed regulations to govern conduct in matters of honor, for in the interpretation of the foregoing principles the spirit is always sought, quibbling or evasiveness is never tolerated.

ADMINISTRATION OF THE HONOR CODE The ultimate responsibility for the success or failure of the Honor Code rests upon the Corps of Cadets, for without the support and cooperation of the Corps the principles of honor at Norwich would become a collection of meaningless words. Each year the upperclass members of the Corps elect from their ranks those cadets who are deemed most trustworthy and responsible, and who have the high principles and moral courage necessary to administer, enforce, and perpetuate the Honor Code. The members of the Corps Honor Committee are elected from the Senior Class, and it is their responsibility to maintain the spirit and traditions of the Honor Code within the Corps; to indoctrinate new cadets in the principles of honor, to insure understanding and appreciation 13

of the principles and interpretation of the Honor Code, and to administer the Code within the Corps. The Junior and Sophomore honor committees participate by supporting investigative processes and administrative functions. The indoctrination in honor is designed to facilitate the adjustment of new cadets to the high standards of honor required at Norwich and to illustrate for them the proper application of the principles of honor in cadet life.

VIOLATION OF THE HONOR CODE A violation of the Honor Code is defined as any act of lying, cheating, stealing or tolerating those who do. Any action which is dishonest or evasive is a violation of both the spirit and the principles of honor. The degree of seriousness of a violation may not be taken into consideration, for honor knows no limits – a cadet is either honest or he or she is not! Lying is defined as “deliberately deceiving another by stating an untruth or by any direct form of communication, oral or written, including the telling of partial truths, the use of vague or ambiguous language, or use of information with the intent to deceive or mislead.” Lying, evasiveness, and deceit are closely related violations of the Honor Code for all three are predicated upon dishonest action which is designed to prevent the whole truth from being known. All cadets are expected to be completely honest and forthright at all times, and any cadet who is unable to live up to the spirit of this requirement is unfit for membership in the Corps. Half truths, evasive answers, verbal subterfuge, chicanery, or deceit cannot and will not be tolerated. The word or signature of a cadet is accepted as his or her bond, and as such his or her honesty or integrity is not questioned unless circumstances indicate that he or she has violated his or her honor. For example, when a cadet replies “All present or accounted for” at reveille formation he or she indicates that all cadets assigned are either present or accounted for by way of an authorized absence. A cadet’s signature on a paper indicates that what he or she has written or reported is accurate, honest, and complete, to the best of his or her knowledge. 14

Learning to live with the Honor Code requires conscious effort and adjustment on the part of some individuals, while for many others the fact of being completely honest is so deeply ingrained that it has become second nature. One must realize that it is far better to face facts, unpleasant though they sometimes may be, than it is to try to evade the truth. A cadet who makes a mistake or who violates the Regulations must never lie or use deceit in an attempt to “cover-up.” A cadet who accepts his or her punishment like a man or woman can build a fine reputation, while one who uses evasions or deceit compromises one’s integrity and jeopardizes their standing at Norwich. Cheating is defined as “stealing one’s ideas or words”. Acts of academic dishonesty, including intentional plagiarism, are offenses against established standards of the academic community and the University’s Honor Code. Cheating includes giving or receiving unauthorized aid or information on a recitation, quiz, examination, or other academic assignment. A cadet violates the Honor Code by cheating if he or she wrongfully acts out of self-interest, does work or obtains results, or assists another to do so, with the intent to gain or to give unfair advantage or with the intent to (or assist another to) deceive or mislead. Cheating includes such acts as plagiarism (presenting someone else’s ideas, words, data or work as one’s own), misrepresentation (failing to document the assistance of another in the preparation, revision or proofreading of an assignment), and using unauthorized notes. Plagiarism is a form of theft. The plagiarist appropriates the words, ideas, concepts, or work of someone else and puts them to a specific use without proper acknowledgment. In this way he or she gains credit for the work which belongs originally to another. Students frequently ask, “But aren’t we in college to absorb ideas from textbooks and lectures in order to apply them in our own pursuits?” Yes, of course. All of us in our daily lives use information originally unearthed by others and conveyed to us in a variety of ways. But such information we have made our own. We have absorbed and digested it. We have sifted ideas. We have refocused or expanded them. We have modified opinions and altered language and marked our work with our individual stamp. Those responsible for our education and upbringing have intentionally given us information. 15

They have wanted us to use it, and they are happy when we do so. Plagiarism occurs when, anxious for credit, the writer seizes material he or she has not digested and uses it intentionally as if it were his or her own. The most flagrant form consists of direct, verbatim copying. Another form consists of paraphrase or summary of opinions or ideas. Both are easily detectable. One appropriates both language and ideas; the other, in an action perhaps even more culpable, misuses the work of others and by changing original language seeks to conceal the misdeed. Since plagiarism is intentional and the result of conscious action, it is easy to avoid. Make your writing your own. Digest opinions and ideas before you attempt to use them. If you must borrow, for instance, in writing a research paper, document your sources correctly. Use footnotes or other acceptable form of citation both for direct quotations and for passages of paraphrase. Include in a bibliography every source in any way connected with your paper. Being aware of and observing the rules for proper citation of sources is a proven way to protect yourself from an allegation of plagiarism. Seek out your faculty member, academic advisor, or the Academic Achievement Center with questions, concerns, or for guidance. Stealing is defined as “taking, obtaining or withholding, by any means, personal monies, property, articles, or service of value of any kind from an establishment or another person without the explicit permission of the person or establishment who owns the item.” A cadet violates the Honor Code by stealing if he or she wrongfully takes, obtains or withholds, by any means, from the possession of the owner or another person money, personal property, articles or services or value of any kind, with intent deprive or defraud another person of the use and benefit of property or to appropriate it to either their own use or the use of any person other than the owner. In the determination of guilt the actual or intrinsic value of the object stolen is of no consequence, for the important fact to be considered is that all cadets must respect the property of others.

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Toleration is defined as “failing to act on and to report potential violations of the Honor Code.” A Cadet violates the Honor Code by tolerating if he or she fails to report an unresolved incident with honor implications to proper authority within a reasonable length of time. “Proper authority” is customarily a member of the honor committee, but may also be a cadet commander at any level, a battalion commandant or members of the University staff and faculty. A “reasonable length of time” is the time it takes to approach the cadet suspected of the honor violation and clarify whether the incident was a misunderstanding or actually a possible violation of the Honor Code. A reasonable length of time is usually considered not to exceed 48 hours. Withholding information is also considered toleration, subject to violation of the Honor Code. Here, cadets should keep in mind that speedy resolution of the issue is in the best interest of all concerned. In the event that a cadet witnesses what he or she knows to be a questionable act in his or her presence, a “reasonable length of time” may be much shorter. One should seek to clarify a questionable act made in one’s presence immediately.

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REPORTING HONOR VIOLATIONS Each member of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets is a guardian of the Honor Code, and thus must accept the responsibility for reporting all known or suspected violations of the Honor Code to the Corps Honor Committee. Allegiance to the Honor Code supersedes all personal friendships and loyalty. Whenever a cadet violates the Honor Code he gives himself or herself a dishonest advantage over every other member of the Corps, and in so doing compromises not only his or her honor, but also the honor and integrity of the Corps. No individual may assume authority for disregarding an honor violation. All violations which occur must be promptly reported, investigated, and heard, so that justice may be served. A cadet who is innocent of violating the Code has nothing to fear in an investigation or hearing, a cadet who is guilty of violating the Code does not deserve to have his or her actions overlooked so that he or she may continue to disgrace the Corps of Cadets and the University.

INVESTIGATIONS OF ALLEGED HONOR VIOLATIONS Honor Violations which are reported are promptly investigated by members of the Corps Honor Committee. The purpose of such investigation is to gather facts and evidence surrounding an alleged violation. Investigations are conducted in a strictly confidential manner so that unfounded incriminations may not hurt innocent persons.

CONCLUSION The foregoing explanation of the Honor Code may tend to give the impression that matters of honor are treated in a cold, dispassionate manner at Norwich. Nothing could be further from the truth. Each honor case is investigated and heard with great care—and the decision which affects final disposition is based solely on the facts of the surrounding that case. 18

However, the purpose of this section of the handbook is to adequately explain the Honor Code so that violations will not occur. It is of vital importance that all cadets understand that the Honor Code is designed to protect them in their daily living, to give greater value to their degrees, and to instill in them the principles of honesty and integrity which are so essential to a full and rewarding life.

“A man has integrity if his interest in the good of the service is at all times greater than his own personal pride, and when he holds himself to the same line of duty when unobserved, as he would if his superiors were present.” – BG S.L.A. Marshall

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CORPS HONOR COMMITTEE

JUNIOR HONOR COMMITTEE

SOPHOMORE HONOR COMMITTEE

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COMMANDANTS OFFICE RESPONSIBILITIES To work directly with the Cadet Regimental Commander, Executive Officer and Sergeant Major, as a leader and mentor and to execute with the cadet leadership, the overall training, supervision, control, evaluation, esprit, discipline, and general welfare of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets. Directly supporting the Commandant, but reporting to the Vice President for Enrollment Management and Student Affairs are the following members of his staff: Adjutant/Housing Officer (S1) – responsible for mentoring the Corps Adjutant. Advises the Commandant on all promotion, awards and housing issues. Serves as Housing Officer for every student at the University. Special Assistant for Judicial Affairs and Discipline (S2) – responsible for assisting in the mentoring the Regimental Security Officer. Advises the Commandant on all major discipline cases and the Honor System. Director of Training (S3) – responsible for mentoring both the Regimental Plans Officer and the members of the Headquarters Company. Advises the Commandant on all training and Corps events. The Commandant of Cadets is also responsible for the daily operations and control of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets. The Corps is comprised of one regiment, divided into five battalions, each with three companies. Each cadet battalion is mentored and trained by a leadership team consisting of an Assistant Commandant and a Battalion Command Sergeant Major. They are directly responsible for assisting the cadet leaders in achieving high standards of leadership development, training, and discipline. The cadet chain of command mirrors an active duty regiment’s organization. The Cadet Colonel, the senior ranking cadet, commands the regimental-sized Corps of Cadets. Members of the Regimental Staff are the Executive Officer, Adjutant, Security Officer, Operations Officer, Supply Officer, Activities, Communications Officer, Corps Athletics and Community Outreach Officer, Corps Academic Mentoring Officer, and Regimental 22

Sergeant Major. Additionally the Cadet Colonel has three personal staff members, the Corps Honor Chair, Inspector General, and Public Affairs Officer, who all report and advise him on their respective responsibilities. Each battalion, commanded by a Cadet Lieutenant Colonel, is organized in a like manner, without the personal staff. Cadet companies are organized into three platoons with at least two squads. An executive officer, first sergeant and staff officers assist the company commander. Cadet Lieutenants lead platoons and cadet sergeant lead the squads.

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24 S4

S6

Regimental PAO

Honor Committee

S5

Regimental IG

CAM Support Section

S2

S3

S1

Headquarters Company

Echo Company Foxtrot Company

Charlie Company

Delta Company

2nd Battalion

Bravo Company

Alpha Company

1st Battalion

Regimental XO

“YR”-3rd

“YR”-2nd

“YR”-1st

3rd Battalion

Regimental CSM

Regimental Commander

“YR”-6th

“YR”-5th

“YR”-4th

4th Battalion

Cavalry Company

Drill Company

Band Company

Provisional Battalion

CORPS OF CADETS ORGANIZATION CHART

NUCC Enlisted Ranks CADET SHOULDER INSIGNIA

Cadet Private

Cadet Corporal

Cadet Sergeant

Cadet Staff Sergeant

Cadet Sergeant First Class

Cadet Master Sergeant

Cadet First Sergeant

Cadet Sergeant Major

Cadet Command Sergeant Major

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CADET SHOULDER INSIGNIA NUCC Officer Ranks

Cadet Second Lieutenant

Cadet First Lieutenant

Cadet Captain

Cadet Major

Cadet Lieutenant Colonel

Cadet Colonel

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ACADEMICS acadeMics Norwich has a rich variety of majors for cadets to choose from. BG Guiyou Norwich has a rich variety of majors for cadets to choose from. Huang is the Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs and is the head of the General Guiyou Huang is the Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs five colleges at the University. Four of these colleges provide undergraduate and is that the head ofwill the take. five colleges at the University. Four of these colleges courses cadets

provide undergraduate courses that cadets will take.

The College of National Services is home to the Army, Air Force, and The College of National Services is home to the Army, Air Force, and Navy and Marine Corps ROTC programs. Each cadet is required to take a Navy andof Marine Corps programs. Each is required to minimum six semesters of ROTC ROTC classes, but can takecadet up to eight semesters. a minimum of will six semesters classes, but canintake to Astake a result, every cadet participateof in ROTC one of the ROTC units this up school eight semesters. a result, cadet will participate one of for at least their firstAsthree years every at Norwich. A portion of theinCorps willthe be in this school forgraduation at least their Norwich. A onROTC track units to commission upon in first one three of theyears four at branches of the portion of the Corps will be on track to commission upon graduation in services.

one of the four branches of the services.

The College of Professional Schools is home to four different schools that Theeducation College ofnecessary Professional Schools is home to degree four different schoolsin provide to meet the professional requirements thatfield. provide education necessary meet the offers professional degree that The David Crawford School oftoEngineering degree programs in that field. The David CrawfordEngineering. School of Engineering inrequirements Civil, Electrical and Computer, and Mechanical The School ofoffers Architecture and Art offers a bachelor degree in Architectural Studies and degree programs in Civil, Electrical and Computer, and Mechanical a Engineering. Master of Architecture. The School of Business and Management offers The School of Architecture and Art offers a bachelor degree

in Architectural Studies and a Master of Architecture. The School of 27

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degrees in Accounting, Computer Science, Computer Security & Information Assurance, Engineering Management and Management. The School of Nursing offers a BSN degree in Nursing. The College of the Liberal Arts is the home to five departments and ten different majors. Bachelor’s degrees are offered in Communications, Criminal Justice, English, History, International Studies, Political Science, Psychology, Spanish, Studies in War & Peace, and Education. The college also offers minors in Chinese, French, German and Sociology. The College of Science and Mathematics is the home to five department and ten different majors. Bachelor’s degrees are offered in Athletic Training, Biochemistry, Biology, Chemistry, Environmental Science, Geology, Mathematics, Physical Education, Physics and Sports Medicine. HONORS PROGRAM The Honors Program was created at Norwich in 2011. This prestigious program is offered to only 25 cadets or civilian students each class year. The four year curriculum is designed to support motivated students who have demonstrated high academic potential, and strong interests in research, service, and leadership. The capstone of the program is a senior thesis project that will lead to the distinction of Honors upon successful completion of the student’s degree. ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT CENTER The primary goal of every cadet should be academic success. The AAC, located on the 4th floor of Kreitzberg Library, provides a vital asset for each cadet to help improve their academic performance. Their primary resources are the Professional Senior Tutors and Peer Tutors that are available to help any student develop improved study skillsand assistance developing learning strategies. For international cadets and those who are not native English speakers, the English as a Second Language Services will assist in development of your mastery of the English language. For those cadets who require it, 28

Services for Students with Disabilities will ensure appropriate accommodations are made to ensure equal academic opportunities as other students. For cadets who do not achieve good standing criteria for their GPA, the Academic Probation program will help improve your study skills, provide you with new study skills and regularly monitor your academic progress. If a cadet has been dismissed for academic reasons they will automatically participate in the ReAdmittance Mentoring program. Recognizing the importance of each cadet’s primary mission, the University instituted the Corporal Academic Mentoring (CAM) program to provide Rooks with an academic success training program delivered by sophomore cadet’s who were successful academically during their Rook year. The goal of the program is to match Rooks with mentors by major, but at least by discipline. YOU AND YOUR ACADEMIC ADVISOR As a student, you are responsible for your own academic progress at Norwich. You are expected to know the graduation requirements that apply to you and take the courses necessary to meet them. You have to keep an eye on your own GPA and decide when to add or drop a course or change your major. If you receive a bad GPA your first semester, it may take several semesters to significantly improve your cumulative GPA. In other words, you have to make some tough decisions that will have a big impact on your life at the University and after you graduate. Don’t try to make those decisions by yourself - they’re too important. Get some help from the best source available, your academic advisor. Your advisor is responsible for helping you understand University policies, procedures, and requirements. He or she can help you assess your academic problems and make the best decision about how to overcome them. Most important, your advisor can help you get the most out of your college education. But there’s a catch – you have to ask for your advisor’s help. It’s your job to get the advising you need.

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How to get the most out of your advisor: 1. See your advisor regularly throughout the semester, not just when you want to register for courses. 2. Make appointments with your advisor at a time convenient for both of you. 3. Discuss with your advisor your educational and professional goals. Be honest about any learning issues you may have. Don’t withhold information or assume that your advisor knows everything about you. 4. Be assertive. Ask questions. Don’t assume that your advisor will automatically know what you need. 5. Review the Academic Regulations and your academic record at the start of each semester. If you spot a problem, point it out to your advisor immediately. 6. Request another advisor if you’re not getting the help you need. 7.

Your advisor wants to help you succeed in college, use him/her. Good academic advising can make a big difference in your college career. But remember: a successful working relationship with your advisor depends on both of you. Without your initiative, your advisor can’t help.

If you want to change your advisor or discuss a problem you have with your advisor, see your department chair or contact your Assistant Commandant.

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ACADEMIC HONORS AND AWARDS UNIVERSITY SCHOLARS Recognition as a University Scholar for the current academic year is given to those full-time undergraduate students who for both the fall and spring semesters of the previous academic year have earned not only placement on the Dean’s List but also a current cumulative grade point average of no less than 3.50 to 4.00. Cadets who are recognized as University Scholars are presented and entitled to wear the gold star on the uniform.

DEAN’S LIST At the end of each semester the Office of the Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs publishes a list of students who have passed all subjects and attained a quality point average of 3.0 or higher.

GOLD AND SILVER STARS A cadet with either a grade-point average (GPA) for the previous semester or a cumulative GPA of 3.5 or higher is entitled to wear the gold star on the center of the right breast of Class B shirt above one’s nametag. A cadet with either a GPA for the previous semester or a cumulative GPA of 3.0 to 3.49 inclusive is entitled to wear the silver star on uniforms as specified above.

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CORPS OF CADETS Circa 1950

corPs oF cadets Circa 1950Norwich University, “We in the military know about

we know themilitary caliber ofknow leaders andNorwich the type ofUniversity, people thatwe come “We in the about know from this institution. . . the best military academy in the land.”

the caliber of leaders and the type of people that come from this

. . the bestCommandant military academy the land. ” Corps A.M. Gray,institution. General (Ret) Former UnitedinStates Marine A.M. Gray, General (Ret) Former Commandant United States Marine Corps

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MEMBERSHIP IN THE CORPS OF CADETS Individuals are members of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets from the moment they take the Cadet Oath until they graduate. Therefore, the Norwich Rules and Regulations, our Guiding Values and Honor Code apply to cadets during the summer season, university breaks, holidays, vacations, through suspensions and leaves. Cadets must understand they represent Norwich University and the Corps of Cadets at all times, even when they are off campus. To be successful each member of the NUCC needs to understand and adhere to our key traditions, customs and basic corps and military knowledge. The following pages will provide a reference for every member of the Corps.

LEADERSHIP PROGRESSION The Norwich University Corps of Cadets has a long tradition of developing citizen-soldiers for our nation. The basis of our leadership progression is continuous training, development and experiential learning. Although each cadet has the opportunity to actively participate as a leader, a student’s individual performance is a key criteria in the selection process. Cadets will be evaluated on their physical, academic and Corps performance each semester. Corps performance consists of evaluations by the chain of command and their conduct. Each cadet will be offered positions commensurate with their performance, with considerations for their desires. The foundation of the program is the Rook Year, or First Class Year, (detailed guidance appears at the end of this section) where each cadet learns followership, is introduced to the basics of leadership in the Corps and receives academic mentoring. Upon recognition they will be trained on the Corporal Academic Mentoring (CAM) program.

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Every cadet has had to face the rigors of “Rookdom” successfully in order to become a private in the Corps of Cadets. During the Sophomore, or Second Class Year, a cadet has the opportunity to compete for corporal rank in the NUCC either as a guidon bearer, runner, staff section assistant or Corporal Academic Mentor (CAM). The first three positions are within specific units of the Corps of Cadets and provide an active role in the success of the unit and will require additional effort and time, but will provide the opportunity to interact closely with the unit leadership and observe different leadership styles. CAM is open to cadets with above a 2.75 to develop their skills as a coach and mentor to several Rooks. Every sophomore is expected to participate and complete the Sophomore Training Program. This program is designed to develop and practice the skills necessary to actively assume a leadership role their junior year and further develop their foundations as a leader. During Junior, or Third Class Year, a cadet has an opportunity to compete for one of the many non-commissioned officer (NCO) billets in the Corps. Each will provide challenging opportunities to train and lead their peers in an upperclass battalion or to develop Rooks in a cadet training battalion. During Senior, or Fourth Class Year, a cadet has an opportunity to compete for one of the cadet officer billets in the Corps. This is the capstone year of a cadet’s leadership progression. The NUCC has a long tradition of providing the leadership for the Corps and essentially running the entire regiment with guidance from the Commandant’s Office. It is a unique challenge that provides an outstanding opportunity to develop a cadet’s leadership style.

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UNIFORMS The Norwich University Corps of Cadets has a long tradition of wearing our uniforms with pride. Each cadet is expected to uphold the uniform standards and wear their uniform with pride. The uniform code flags serve as the guide to the uniform required at morning quarters formation every day. UNIFORM CODE FLAGS & STREAMERS 1. Uniform code flags will be displayed on the uniform code flag mast (Upper Parade side) to denote the uniform of the day. The uniform of the day is mandatory for all cadets in normal duty status.

Maroon Orange Green Orange & White Green & White Brown Purple Purple & White Blue & White

NU PT shirt & shorts Class B - Summer Class B - Winter Super Class B – Summer Super Class B – Winter ACU Gray Tunic w/gray trousers Gray Tunic w/white trousers Dress Blues w/white trousers

2. Uniform code flags will be displayed on the uniform code flag mast (Dewey Hall side) to denote the outer garments to be worn. The wearing of outer garments is mandatory for all cadets in normal duty status.

Maroon & White Green Black Blue

NU PT running suit Summer cadet jacket ACU camouflage jacket Black Gortex jacket

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3.

The following streamers, when displayed with the uniform of the

3. Theday following streamers, when displayed with the uniform of the flag denotes: day flag denotes:

red

Red black Black white White orange Orange Yellow yellow Blue blue ABU, ACU, abU, acU, MARPAT, NWU

MarPat, NwU

White Cotton Gloves

White Cotton Gloves Black Leather Gloves Black Leather Gloves BlackFleece Knit/Fleece Green Cap Cap GrayService Service Cover Gray Cover White Service Cover White Service Cover Under Arms

Under Arms

Appropriate ROTC uniform/TAT

Appropriate ROTC uniform/TAT

4. TheThe followingcode codeflags, flags, displayed uniform codecode mastmast 4. following displayed on onthe the uniform (Dewey special significance: (Dewey HallHall side),side), have have special significance:

red Red Yellow && White yellow white Yellow yellow White w/ Blue Cross

Distinguished Visitor Distinguished Visitor OnOn TheThe HillHill Formation Inside Formation Inside Formation Canceled Formation Canceled Religious Service In Chapel

white w/ blue cross Religious Service In Chapel

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sPeciaLty UNits UNITS The Norwich UniversitySPECIALTY Corps of Cadets has several specialty units all Provisional The Norwich Battalion. University Corps Cadets has and several specialty unitsrecord all in of in the Eachofhas a long distinguished the Provisional Battalion. EachUniversity. has a long and distinguished of service service to the Corps and the Any cadet canrecord participate in the to the Corps and the University. Any cadet can participate in the training for training for completion and upon join completion join any of these units. and upon any of these units.

Norwich UNiversity reGiMeNtaL baNd, circa 1888 NORWICH UNIVERSITY REGIMENTAL BAND, circa 1888

Music Norwich has a significant part of part the curriculum since its Music at atNorwich hasbeen been a significant of the curriculum founding in 1819. With the arrival of thethe firstarrival Professor Instrumental Music, of since its founding in 1819. With ofofthe first Professor William W. Bailey in 1823, the Regimental Band became an all brass band and Instrumental Music, William W. Bailey in 1823, the Regimental Band integral part of the daily life of the cadets. The band continues its significant became an allbybrass band and integral of the lifeparades. of the cadets. role today performing in support of part reviews anddaily special The TheRegimental band continues significant role today by of performing in States support band hasits performed for the inauguration several United Presidentsand including: Kennedy, Nixon, Reagan, Bush, andband Obama with of reviews special parades. The Regimental hasalong performed and concerts throughout New England. As theincluding: oldest for parades the inauguration of severalVermont UnitedandStates Presidents collegiate band in the United States, the Regimental Band carries on a long Kennedy, Reagan, andacademically, Bush alongand with parades and concerts traditionNixon, of excellence musically, militarily. throughout Vermont and New England. As the oldest collegiate band United Since theStates, 1920’s,the band members have been known Zoobies. In its of in the Regimental Band carries onasa long tradition early days, the band was housed in the lower floors of old Jackman Hall. It is excellence and militarily. generally musically, believed thatacademically, “the Zoo” came about because of the bars placed on the windows for security. Today the band’s motto “Semper Zoobelis,” or “always Since 1920’s,with band members the Zoo,the ” is spoken great pride. have been known as Zoobies. In its

early days, the band was housed in the lower floors of old Jackman Hall. It is generally believed that “the Zoo” came about because of the bars 37 placed on the windows for security. Today the band’s motto “Semper

THENU NUdriLL DRILL COMPANY the coMPaNy The Regimental Drill Company was formed in 1937 under the name of The Regimental Drill Company was Platoon. formedInitially in 1937“Norwich’s under the name Shock Platoon and for a short time Escort Shock was to be a platoon for time men who were highly efficient personal of Platoon” Shock Platoon and for a short Escort Platoon. Initiallyin“Norwich’s appearance andwas soldierly Thefor standards were higher thanefficient any line in Shock Platoon” to bebearing. a platoon men who were highly platoon.appearance “Admission toand thissoldierly crack platoon was toThe be on a competitive ” personal bearing. standards werebasis, higher because they served as escorts to distinguished guests and visiting teams. As than any line platoon. “Admission to this crack platoon was to be on the Drill Team they would accompany the Glee Club and orchestra on tour a competitive as escorts distinguished throughout thebasis, state ”tobecause provide a they touch served of the Military for thetobenefit of those guests and visiting teams. As the Team they citizens who enjoy the snap and colorDrill of the Army, but would do not accompany often have opportunity to witness it. The Color Guard was proclaimed thetheGlee Club and orchestra onRegimental tour throughout the state to provide the “Official Guardfor forthe the benefit State of Vermont” Governor a touch of theColor Military of those by citizens whoThomas enjoy P.the Salmon 1975 of in recognition their snap andincolor the Army,ofbut doexcellence. not often have the opportunity to

witness it. The Regimental Guard wasCompany proclaimed theperform “Official Today the high standards Color still exist in Drill as they precision andfor trick firing party details, arc of swords,P.and ten Color Guard thedrill, Stateprovide of Vermont” by Governor Thomas Salmon guard at of Norwich and the region. They are responsible for in person 1975 incolor recognition their excellence.

training the Corps in drill and ceremony and assessing them. Our competitive Today theare high standards still exist Company as they drill teams recognized nationally andin areDrill rightfully as a show pieceperform of the school. and trick drill, provide firing party details, arc of swords, and precision

ten person color guard at Norwich and the region. They are responsible for training the Corps in drill and 38 ceremony and assessing them. Our competitive drill teams are recognized nationally and are rightfully as a

NU cavaLry trooP NU CAVALRY TROOP

The first cavalry troop was formed in 1906, with the arrival of CPT The first cavalry troop was formed in 1906, with the arrival of CPT A. I. Chapman. Norwich’s first cavalry officer helped create a bond that L. A. I. Chapman. Norwich’s first cavalry officer helped create a bond that foreverlinked linked institution the cavalry. Fromthrough 1916 through forever ourour institution withwith the cavalry. From 1916 1950 the 1950 was the organized Corps wasas organized as aCavalry cavalrytroop unit.grew Cavalry grewto Corps a cavalry unit. out oftroop the desire out of the to desire to keep aand linktoday to our heritage andwith today cadetsto keep a link our heritage provide cadets theprovide opportunity with the opportunity develop equestrian skills, learn about ourin develop equestrian skills, to learn about our cavalry heritage and participate cavalryand heritage and participate in parades and ceremonies. parades ceremonies. UNITexceLLeNce EXCELLENCE AWARDS UNit awards

TheNorwich Norwich University of like Cadets, like most military The University CorpsCorps of Cadets, most military organizations, organizations, that for setexcellence. the standard excellence. recognizes units recognizes that set the units standard Unitfor awards provide Unit awards provide leaders and goals individual cadets withrecognition goals to aspire leaders and individual cadets with to aspire to and when to and recognition when they achieve their goals. they achieve their goals. There are are three three long longstanding standingunit unitawards awardsthat thatare areawarded awardedatatthe theend endof There of each academic yeareach thatunit eachvies unit for – demonstrating they each academic year that forvies – demonstrating that they that are setting arestandard setting the rest of Corps. The the for standard the rest offor thethe Corps. Thethe unit awards are:unit awards are: 3939

Dean Mcintire Cup awarded to the company whose freshmen have attained the highest GPA for the previous semester. White Cup awarded to the company whose upperclassmen have earned the highest GPA for the previous semester. Juckett Cup awarded to that company retaining the highest percentage of its incoming freshmen. The Regimental Commander also has to award individual companies and cadets within the Corps: Company of Distinction: Awarded to any company that exceeds the standard of performance in the following areas: NU physical fitness test; Rook or Sophomore training; room standards; and uniform standards. Freshman Platoon of the Semester: Awarded to the platoon which demonstrates the best overall performance in academics, physical training and Rook training. Freshman/Upperclass Company of the Semester: Awarded to the company which demonstrates the best performance in academics, discipline, drill, inspections and physical training. Rook of the Semester: Awarded to the Rook who has the highest individual performance academically, physically and in assessments of their performance as a Rook.

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NORWICH UNIVERSITY INTERIOR GUARD The Norwich University Corps of Cadets has incorporated in its structure a Cadet Guard as a separate and individually functioning entity. The Cadet Guard represents the University President, the Commandant and the Regimental Commander in matters of safety, security, and discipline in the Corps during the school year. The performance of guard duty is a position of trust, dedication, and responsibility which each cadet may be assigned. All persons regardless of rank, are required to respect members of the Guard in performance of their duties. This duty is the most important routine duty a cadet performs, for the safety and good order of the entire Cadet Corps depend upon those who perform this vital duty. The Cadet Guard maintains communications, carries on routine administration, enforces regulations, reports any breach thereof, and carries out any orders of duly constituted authority. The Norwich University Student Rules and Regulations (NUSRR) for uniformed and non-uniformed students and the Guard Regulations and Instructions govern the operation of the guard. All Norwich Cadets are required to memorize, understand and comply with the following general orders: • Number 1 – I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly relieved. • Number 2 – I will obey my special orders and perform all my duties in a military manner. • Number 3 – I will report any violations of my special orders, emergencies, and anything not covered in my instructions, to the commander of the relief. When a Guard or Cadet is asked by an inspecting officer, “What are your orders?” The proper answer is: “Sir/Ma’am, my orders are of two classes, general and special. My general orders are: Number One: I will guard everything within the limits of my post and quit my post only when properly 42

relieved. Number Two: …”, and he or she continues to recite his general orders. He or she should be able to answer any question (s) pertaining to special orders concerning his or her post.

MILITARY TRADITIONS There are traditions of military service that have guided corps members throughout all the years of our national existence and form the standard on which personal conduct and performance of duty at Norwich are based. These traditions set the tone for a way of life that many honorable, dedicated men and women have chosen - the Norwich way of life. Tradition of Achieving The Mission. Accomplishment of mission is recognized as the primary requirement of the cadet leader and indeed of all members of the Corps of Cadets. First and foremost, this means academic excellence. The pursuit of higher education must never be subordinated. Cadets may also expect many opportunities to command, to train others, to guide and mentor, to lead and set the appropriate example. A cadet must expect to serve, and execute ably the assigned mission. You will be “in charge” of something for which you are responsible. You will have a mission. Some missions dictate that big things must get done. Instructional programs must be planned and effectively executed so that all cadets are properly trained. Administrative and logistical responsibilities must be completed at the required high standard. It means doing the little things correctly, too, as a matter of routine. Cadets must be in the right place and at the right time and must wear the prescribed uniform in the proper manner with pride. The “cadet way” of undertaking a mission is to display enthusiasm, boldness, and aggressiveness in getting any job done. Whether the task is tremendous in its scope and important or a routine requirement, a cadet is expected to undertake it with a positive attitude and complete it up to standard, and on time. In these tasks he or she must accept many inconveniences and hardships of service. This is the important military tradition that the mission must be accomplished.

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“In the final measure, nothing speaks like deeds.” Gen. John A. Wickham, Jr.”

Tradition of Leadership. The cadet is trained to lead. From your earliest day as a Rook this tradition will be emphasized. Each cadet will become accustomed to receiving and executing missions; such as planning work, assigning missions to others, and seeing that their work is done skillfully and in cooperation with others. Leaders have a special responsibility to subordinates. Leaders uphold a strong respect for the rule of law, human dignity, and individual rights. They return their subordinate’s trust with the greatest care for their well-being, while aggressively pursuing the accomplishment of the mission. Leaders imbue subordinates with a sense of honor, share their hardships, and acknowledge their accomplishments. Leadership requires the ability to develop teamwork and at the same time to be part of the team.

“Leadership has two essential elements: Competence and Character if you must give up one, make that competence. Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf

Tradition of Loyalty. Loyalty is an essential requirement of leadership but not subordinate to honor. It extends throughout the chain of command to the President, the Commander-in-Chief. It extends to subordinates to include the newest member of the Corps of Cadets. All members of the Corp of Cadets have a common mission - that of living by and enforcing the Norwich University Corps of Cadets Rules and Regulations and exemplifying the Honor Code which requires the coordinated efforts of each individual. Even the suspicion of disloyalty would destroy the usefulness of any leader, for no one would trust him or her to live by rules and regulations or to fairly enforce them. It must include the supervisor, whom you may dislike; your peers with whom in a sense you are in competition; and each of your subordinates. Think about it deeply. Once trust is forfeited it may never be regained. The loyalty 44

of cadets to the nation, to their seniors, their juniors, their peers, has been traditional at Norwich since its very beginning. Understand- Loyalty is an important value. Each student should be loyal to our institution, our guiding values and to each other but never at the expense of personal honor and integrity. The use of phrases such as “loyalty above all” and/or “my loyalty is my honor” potentially places loyalty above personal honor and integrity. Norwich students should not accept, condone, approve, tolerate, support or defend the use of phrases such as these. Misplaced loyalty has no place at Norwich University.

“He that cannot obey, cannot command.” Ben Franklin

The Tradition That Your Word is Your Bond. A cadet’s statement of fact, opinion, or recommendation must conform fully with his or her belief. You must take adequate care that when you make a statement as to facts you can provide the evidence to support it. If you render an opinion or make a recommendation, you must have given sufficient thought to the subject to enable you to reach a reasoned conclusion. All this must be true whether the statements are oral, or in writing, or are just your initials extending a concurrence. There can be no room for misleading information, manipulating the meaning of words, quibbling, half-truths or falsehoods. The added statement “I certify” must not be interpreted as meaning “something extra” as to the truth. Your word is your bond. Tradition of Discipline. Discipline begins with trained leaders whose personal example, standard of conduct, concern for soldiers and loyalty to subordinates create well-disciplined units. In order to develop discipline within an organization, the leader must set the example of discipline. No organization that is undisciplined is worth a nickel of the taxpayer’s dollar. An undisciplined organization would be worse than useless, for it would constitute a public menace in itself. The tradition of discipline is as deeply 45

ingrained into the mind and heart of the successful leader as the tradition of leadership. To this end, the Corps of Cadets develops disciplined officers and noncommissioned officers who teach cadets to do the right thing even during the absence of their leaders. They can be counted on to do what is right even when no one is watching. Tradition of Readiness. One of the most striking qualities required of a leader is that he or she be in a position of readiness to meet whatever task arise. As a cadet, you must be prepared to accept and execute effectively new requirements of your mission. The tradition of readiness includes flexibility of mind and mental processes; a willingness to reach out for new ideas; an everbroadening capacity to undertake and do new things. The principle applies with equal force to the routines of duty and the smaller things. You must be ready for an unexpected change in plans and you should always be thinking about contingencies and follow-up requirements. Your leadership capability and command efficiency are measured by your organizations readiness. Tradition of Taking Good Care of Your People. This means that members of an organization must receive thorough training for their duties and that they have the proper supplies and equipment in their possession. It means many other things, such as making sure your people have the opportunity to attend religious activities, athletic and recreation programs, that they get advice and counseling for personal problems and that struggling students receive tutoring from their classmates and that they are encouraged to go to their professors and the Academic Achievement Center. It means enforcing study hours and creating an atmosphere conducive to academic excellence. Students who are continually filled with apprehension and anxiety are unable to learn and unlikely to succeed. This tradition means providing a safe, orderly, civil and positive leaning environment that is free of harassment, hazing and bullying. It includes sound discipline, with proper use of rewards and punishment. It involves fairness and justice in all things, including spreading the work load and unpleasant details among all eligible individuals; one standard for all; complete absence of favoritism; promotions to be made on merit - Taking care of your people is all these things and more.

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“Second only to accomplishing his mission, the officer’s duty is to improve the moral, physical, and intellectual quality of his men....The Army is the service which by the nature of its requirements, attaches the greatest importance to human values. It recognizes man as the basic element of military strength. . . . It creates for them an environment of decent, clean living, intolerant of vice, dissipation, or flabbiness.” Gen. Maxwell Taylor

Tradition of Cooperation. Cooperation is the art of working with other people to attain a common goal. It is essential for any society to flourish, especially a democratic republic. This is a daily expectancy of military life, and it is traditional that cooperation be willing and wholehearted. Neither a commander nor a staff officer, no matter how senior, can “go it alone.” A leader must cooperate with others, and others must cooperate with him or her. In any staff or command the problems for solution are likely to involve two or more staff agencies , or a reconciliation of views between the unit commanders who execute a plan and those who plan it. It takes coordination and cooperation to accomplish a mission. The cadet who neglects to cooperate with others invites failure.

“You do not lead by hitting people over the head. That’s assault - not leadership.” Dwight D. Eisenhower

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Tradition of Being a Lady or Gentleman. It is part of the code and tradition that leaders are expected to be ladies or gentlemen, at all times. This must be manifested in their moral standards, their conduct, appearance, behavior, manners, and mannerisms, as well as the professional standards they establish in the performance of duty. It must be displayed in the things they avoid doing. They avoid vulgarity, lewd, lascivious and predatory behavior. They do not drink to excess. Communication on paper, electronic (emails, Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, etc.) as well as the spoken word, is free of insults, inappropriate and rude language, sarcasm and “put downs.” They do not avoid payment of just bills, nor do they tender bad checks. The general good of the Corps of Cadets demands that all individuals display the qualities of ladies or gentlemen. Great prestige attaches to our Nation’s military leaders because as a group they are generally held in high regard. They are respected because of their commission. Their credit rating is high. Their word is accepted in and out of the service. Their opinions bear weight. As a group they have the confidence and trust of the people. The officers themselves must guard and cherish this standing, and they must realize that the unfit among them reflect upon and damage the standing of all. Tradition of Candor in Making Recommendations. It is a normal experience of cadets of all grades and degrees of experience to be asked by the President of the University, the Commandant, the Dean, faculty and staff members or Cadet Commanders, for their opinion or recommendation. Such missions are the daily experience of staff officers, for it is always the commander who makes the decision. How far should the cadet go in advancing their considered views? What is their duty if their views should be challenged? What is their duty if the decision goes contrary to their convictions and their recommendations? Here is a guide. In his first meeting with the Army Staff, Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, former Chief of Staff of the Army, had this to say about this vital subject: “The point I wish to make here, and to repeat it for emphasis, is that the professional military man has three primary responsibilities:

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“The point I wish to make here, and to repeat it for emphasis, is that the professional military man has three primary First, to responsibilities: give his honest, fearless, objective, professional

military what hefearless, needs toobjective, do the jobprofessional the nation First, to opinion give hisofhonest, gives him. military opinion of what he needs to do the job the nation gives him. Second, if what he is given is less than the minimum he regards as essential, to give his superiors an honest,

Second, if what he is given is less than the minimum he fearless, objective opinion of the consequences. regards as essential, to give his superiors an honest, Third, and finally,opinion he hasof the the consequences. duty whatever the final fearless, objective decision, to do his utmost with whatever is furnished.”

Third, and finally, he has the duty whatever the final decision, to do his utmost whit whatever is furnished.” has never better. ItIt has neverbeen beensaid said better.

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“Do the right thing because it is the right thing to do. Live

“Do right Let thing becausebe it your is thehallmark. right thingIftoyour do. Live with withthe honor. integrity soldiers honor. Letlie integrity be your hallmark. your will soldiers see you see you or “fudge the truth, ” thenIf they assume thatlie orit “fudge the truth, then they is all right to lie”to you, too.will assume that it is all right to lie to you, too.

Remember the movie, An Officer and a Gentleman. In

Remember thewe movie, An case Officer a Gentleman. In that that movie, have the of and a drill sergeant working movie, haveselfish the case of a drill workingeverything with a very with awevery flight cadetsergeant who wanted selfish flight cadet who wanted fororganization. himself, nothing for for himself, nothing for theeverything good of the the good of the organization.

Finally, the drill sergeant in exasperation jerks him up by the

Finally, the drill sergeant exasperation jerks by the shirt, looks him in the eye,insays, “Now, look herehim son,up around shirt, in the eye, says, “Now, look herearound son, around here looks we’re him not talking about flying airplanes, here here not about talkingcharacter. about flying we’rewe’re talking ” airplanes, around here we’re talking about character.”

Gen. Gordon Sullivan, Norwich University, Class of 1959

Gen. Gordon Sullivan, Norwich University, Class of 1959

*Excerpts taken from:

*Excerpts taken ’sfrom: Army Officer Guide, 46th Edition Army Officer ’s Guide,P.46th Edition By LTC. Lawrence Crocker, USA (Ret.) By LTC. Lawrence P. Crocker, USA (Ret.) 50

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CUSTOMS OF THE CORPS OF CADETS

cUstoMs oF the corPs oF cadets

Customs have grown to be an an integral part Customsand andcourtesies courtesiesofofour oursociety society have grown to be integral ofpart the of lifethe within Corps Cadets.ofThe following some of the life the within theofCorps Cadets. Thearefollowing are leading some examples of customs and courtesies thatand all cadets must that knowalland adhere to. of the leading examples of customs courtesies cadets must

know and adhere to.

The Raising of The Right Hand in Taking Oath. From the earliest days, the taking of an oath as to the truth or testimony hasearliest been a The raising of The right handofinstatements taking oath. From the solemn andtaking seriousof matter accompanied ceremony. In essence, has always days, the an oath as to the by truth of statements or ittestimony meant that the taker ofand the oath called uponaccompanied God to bear witness that the truth has been a solemn serious matter by ceremony. In would be told. essence, it has always meant that the taker of the oath called upon God

witness thatofthe truthThe would be told.of rank do not include the to bear The Privileges Rank. privileges “privilege” of abuse of position. The senior boasts andthe the The Privileges of rank. The privilegesnever of rank do his not rank include junior never of forgets needs ofThe the senior organization a whole come and first. “privilege” abuseit.ofThe position. never as boasts his rank Inthe general, cadetforgets officer it. or non-commissioned officer who takes stand juniorthe never The needs of the organization as athe whole that he or she is above the regulations that guide others, especially his or her come first. In general, the cadet officer or non-commissioned officer own subordinates, is in abuse of his or her position, and his or her acts will be who takes the stand that he or she is above the regulations that guide so regarded and condemned. others, especially his or her own subordinates, is in abuse of his or her position, and his or her acts will be so regarded and condemned. 51

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The Place of Honor. The place of honor is on the right. Accordingly, when a junior walks, rides or sits with a senior, he or she takes position abreast and to the left of the senior. The deference that a young person should pay to his or her elders pertains to this relationship. The junior should walk in step with the senior, step back and allow the senior to be the first to enter a door, and render similar acts of consideration and courtesy. Use of the Word “Sir” and “Ma’am.” The word “Sir” or “Ma’am” is used in polite conversation by the junior in addressing a senior. Rooks call upperclassmen “Sir” or “Ma’am.” It precedes a report and a query; it follows the answer to a question. For example: “Sir, do you wish to see Cadet Brown.” “Thank you, Ma’am.” Avoid Having People Guess Your Name. Do not assume that an officer whom you have not seen or heard from for a considerable period will know your name when a contact is renewed. Tell him or her at once who you are, and then renew the acquaintance. The Open-Door Policy. The cadet’s right to speak to the company commander is echoed by each commander at a higher level. It is the “opendoor” policy that permits each person in a military environment, regardless of rank, to appeal to the next higher commander. Indeed, this right is checked and enforced by the Inspector General. Cadets should first try to discuss and resolve concerns within the chain of command. Proffer No Excuses. Never volunteer excuses or explain a shortcoming unless an explanation is required. Norwich demands results. More damage than good is done by proffering unsought excuses. In short, the proof of ability is results, not excuses for the lack of same. Avoid “Going Over a Senior’s Head.” The jumping of an echelon of command is called “Jumping the Chain of Command.” Proper procedure is to follow the chain of command. For further explanation, refer to the NUCC Standing Operating Procedures (SOP) Manual. Harsh Remarks are to be Avoided. The conveying of gossip, slander, harsh criticism and fault finding are impolite practices. 52

Avoid Vulgarity and Profanity. Foul and vulgar language is repulsive to all self-respecting people. Its use by leaders is reprehensible. The traditional term “officer and gentleman,” if defined, would exclude foulness, repulsiveness, profanity and vulgarity if respect is to be earned, and no officer can lead others unless he or she has their respect. Never Lean on a Senior Officer’s Desk. It is resented by most officers and is sloppy. Stand erect unless invited to be seated. Don’t lean. Never Keep Anyone Waiting. Report at once when notified to do so. Never keep anyone waiting unnecessarily. If the person you need to report to is not available, be sure to leave a message. Keep trying to see the person until you do so.

MILITARY COURTESY Courtesy is the expression of consideration of others. It pays the largest return for the least effort of anything one can do. Where individuals are required to live and work together and where cooperative effort is allimportant, courtesy is of vital importance in promoting coordination and developing a proper esprit de corps. Courtesy is shown to all - to subordinates as well as superiors. The courtesy shown a superior is a recognition of the basic principles of organization. It is the respect shown to every leader or commander and the acknowledgment of the responsibility and authority of his position. Courtesy shown a subordinate acknowledges the essential part he plays as a member of the team. The methods of expressing courtesy are distinctive and precise. Slovenly, grudging or perfunctory observance of these methods is discourteous. Courtesy is an important part of cadet training and will be duly emphasized at all times. The most important of all military courtesies is the salute. It will be required both on and off the campus in all official greetings in line of duty, for ceremonial occasions, and when the National Anthem is played or the colors pass by. The salute is rendered at the appropriate time even when an individual is with a member of his family or his date. 53

There are two popular versions concerning the origin of the salute. One is that in early days there were so many assassinations that a junior, coming into the presence of a superior was required to raise his hands to show that he did not carry a dagger. The other version is that when two knights met, they raised the visors of their helmets so that they could more easily recognize each other. There is still a third version favored by those of a more romantic turn of mind: “In the days of jousts and tournaments, after the crowning of the Queen of Love and Beauty, the knights passed in review before her throne. Each, as he drew near, raised his mailed right hand to shade his eyes,” a chivalric way of intimation that he would be dazzled by her beauty. This knightly homage passed on down the ages to become the military salute. It has been the custom from time immemorial for subordinates to uncover before superiors, and equals have always acknowledged each other ’s presence by some courtesy. However, this has finally been conventionalized into the movement of the hand to the visor as if the hat were going to be removed. The salute is a military person’s deference to a superior; it is not a mark of inferiority. It is rendered to all officers of the United States Armed Forces, Vermont State Militia, and to foreign officers. A military person is judged by appearance. Nothing detracts more from a person’s general appearance than sloppiness and untidiness. Remember this when saluting: A crisp salute reflects pride and professionalism. Cadets will salute all commissioned members of the faculty and staff, officers of the Armed Forces of the United States, and Cadet Officers. The right hand/arm must be left free of books, bundles, etc., so that saluting may be properly executed.

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SALUTING General. The smartness with which an officer or cadet gives a salute is held to indicate the degree of pride the member has in his or her military responsibilities. A careless or half-hearted salute is discourteous and disrespectful. Note: Cadets will salute and render honors in accordance with customs and traditions of the U.S. Army as prescribed in FM 3-21.5-5, Drill and Ceremonies. Note: link to FM3-21.5 http:// www.adtdl.army. mil Further discussion can be found in the Army Officer ’s Guide.

WHEN TO SALUTE Cadets in uniform are required to salute when they meet and recognize persons entitled (by grade) to a salute except when it is inappropriate or impractical (in public conveyances such as planes and buses, in public places such as inside theaters, or when driving a vehicle.) A salute is also rendered: 1. When the United States National Anthem, “To the Color,” “Hail to the Chief,” or foreign national anthems are played.

2. To uncased National Color outdoors.

3. At reveille and retreat ceremonies, during the raising or lowering of the flag.

4. During the sounding of honors.



5. When pledging allegiance to the US flag outdoors.



6. When turning over control of formations.



7. When rendering reports.



8. To officers of friendly foreign countries.

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SALUTES ARE NOT REQUIRED WHEN: 1. Indoors, except when reporting to an officer or when on duty as a guard.

2. A prisoner.

3. Saluting is obviously inappropriate. (Example: a person carrying articles with both hands.)

SPECIAL CASES The following rules will serve to govern a cadet’s conduct in special cases:

1. The junior always salutes first in passing a senior officer.

2. A greeting of the day should always accompany a salute. If an officer is accompanied by a civilian lady or gentleman, it is proper courtesy to render appropriate greetings and acknowledge all persons present, not just the officer. 3. If eye contact is made with an officer passing several paces away, do not fail to salute because you are not “within six paces.” 4. When an officer or instructor enters a room occupied by a group of cadets, the first cadet who perceives him/her will command “Attention,” then all will rise and stand at attention until the officer either leaves the room or indicates otherwise. 5. In general, when a conversation takes place between a cadet and an officer, the following procedure is correct: Salutes are exchanged; the conversation is completed; salutes are again exchanged. Exceptions: A cadet in ranks comes to attention and does not salute.

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OTHER SALUTES In formation. Individuals in formation do not salute or return salutes except at the command, “Present arms.” The individual in charge salutes and acknowledges salutes for the entire formation. Commanders of organizations or detachments that are not part of a larger formation salute officers of higher grade by bringing the group to attention before saluting. An individual in formation, at ease or at rest, comes to attention when addressed by an officer. Cadets marching tours will neither salute nor greet officers who pass the area formation. Not in formation. On the approach of an officer, a group of individuals not in formation is called to “Attention” by the first person noticing the officer, and all come sharply to attention and salute. Individuals participating in games, and members of work details do not salute. The individual in charge of a work detail, if not actively engaged, salutes and acknowledges salutes for the entire detail. Outdoors. Whenever and wherever the United States National Anthem, “To the Color,” “Reveille,” or “Hail to the Chief ” is played, at the first note, all dismounted personnel in uniform and not in formation face the flag (or the music if the flag is not in view), stand at attention, and render the prescribed salute. The position of salute is held until the last note of the music is sounded. Cadets not in uniform will stand at attention (remove headdress, if any, with the right hand) and place the right hand over the heart. Indoors. When the National Anthem is played indoors, cadets stand at attention and face the music, or the flag if one is present. Saluting Colors. National and organizational flags, which are mounted on flagstaffs equipped with finials are called Colors. Cadets passing an uncased National Color salute at six steps distance and hold the salute until they have passed six steps beyond it. Similarly, when uncased Color passes by; cadet salute when it is six steps away and holds the salute until it has passed six steps beyond them.

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RUNNING AND JOGGING OR SPORTS. a. Not in formation. Cadets running or jogging on the Upper Parade Ground will come to a quick time, salute, exchange greetings, then return to a double time. Cadets actively engaged in an organized game, such as basketball, need not stop playing to salute an officer. Cadets running outside of the Upper Parade Ground, for example on the fire roads, or in the community, will render an appropriate verbal greeting when passing an officer. Hand salutes are not required inside of Sabine Field during competitions if it is impractical, due to the numbers and close proximity of officers. b. In formation. When moving a unit at double time, the cadet in charge will render an appropriate verbal greeting as the formation passes an officer. When leading a formation engaged in a conditioning run, the cadet in charge will render an appropriate verbal greeting as the formation passes an officer. Verbal Greetings. A verbal greeting is professional courtesy and respect to both the senior and subordinate. A greeting of “Good morning,” Sir/Ma’am should always accompany a hand salute. Many military units have a unit motto as a sign of esprit and pride such as “First to Fire, Sir!” which is also appropriate. Saluting without a verbal greeting or acknowledgment is discourteous. When unable to salute due to an injury, or when both hands are carrying a large object(s), a cadet will render an appropriate verbal greeting. National Colors. In general, to render honors: If indoors, stand at attention. If outdoors, execute the hand salute when in uniform or by placing the right hand over the heart when in civilian clothes or sports attire.

a. Military personnel in uniform and in formation. Execute present arms and order arms at the command of the OIC or NCOIC.

b. Military personnel in uniform not in formation:



1. REVEILLE



At the first note of music, face the flag (or music if flag is not in view) and render hand salute until the last note of music. 59



2. “TO THE COLORS” OR NATIONAL ANTHEM



(Note 1) At the first note of music: if outdoors, render hand salute; if indoors, stand at attention. Hold that position until the last note of music has played.



3. RETREAT WHEN PLAYED AS PRELUDE TO “TO THE COLORS”



At the first note of Retreat face the flag (or music if flag is not in view), stand at attention until the last note of “To the Colors.”



4. CANNON SALUTES RENDERED AS HONOR TO A PERSON



At the first note of music or first round of salute, face the ceremonial party and render hand salute. End salute on last note of music or when last round of salute fired.



5. MILITARY FUNERALS



Each time casket is moved: if outdoors, render hand salute; if indoors, stand at attention.



6. TAPS



Played at military funerals or ceremonies: at first note, stand at attention until the last note.



Note 1: Cadet photographers covering ceremonies will render appropriate courtesy during the playing of the National Anthem.

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Courtesies to Lecturers or Guest Speakers a. When a lecturer or guest speaker enters and moves toward the stage or podium, all present will come to the position of attention and remain in that position until told to do otherwise. b.

When addressing a question or comment to the lecturer, or guest, cadets will stand, state their name and company, i.e. “Sir/Ma’am, Cadet Smith, Charlie Company,” before proceeding with their question or comment. The cadet may be seated after the question has been asked, but will again stand before asking a follow-on question or thanking the individual.

c. It is common courtesy, when in a large group, i.e., in Dole Auditorium, Cabot Science Class Rooms, etc., to stand when addressing the lecturer or speaker so that the remainder of the group can hear the question presented. Reporting indoors. When reporting to an officer in his office, the cadet removes his headgear, knocks, and enters when told to do so. He approaches within two steps of the officer’s desk, halts, salutes, and reports. “SIR/(MA’AM), CADET JONES REPORTS.” The salute is held until the report is completed and the salute has been returned by the officer. When the business is completed, the cadet salutes, holds the salute until it has been re-turned, executes the appropriate facing movement, and departs. When reporting indoors under arms the procedure is the same except the headgear is not removed and the cadet renders the salute prescribed for the weapon with which he is armed. Note 1: The expression under arms means carrying a weapon in your hands, by a sling or holster. Note 2: Asking permission to be dismissed or carry on is not necessary. It would not be inappropriate to say “Good day, Sir/ Ma’am” or “Thank you, Sir/ Ma’am.”

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reporting outdoors. When reporting outdoors, the cadet moves rapidly toward the officer, halts approximately three steps from the Reporting When(as reporting cadet moves rapidly officer, salutes,outdoors. and reports when outdoors, indoors).theWhen the cadet is toward the by officer, halts approximately three steps from theIfofficer, dismissed the officer, salutes are again exchanged. undersalutes, arms, andsoldier reports carries (as when cadet isprescribed dismissed by officer, the theindoors). weaponWhen in thethemanner forthe saluting. salutes reporting are again exchanged. If under the soldier is carries the weapon When indoors under armsarms, the procedure the same except in the manner prescribed for saluting. When reporting indoors under arms the headgear is not removed and the cadet renders the salute prescribed the procedure is the same except the headgear is not removed and the cadet for the weapon which for he the is armed. renders the salutewith prescribed weapon with which he is armed. Note Theexpression expressionunder under arms means carrying a weapon your Note 1: 1: The arms means carrying a weapon in yourinhands, hands, byor a sling or holster. by a sling holster. Note 2: Asking Askingpermission permission todismissed be dismissed or carryon is not necessary. Note 2: to be or carryon is not necessary. It would Itnot would not be appropriate say “Good day, Sir/Ma’am” or “Thank be appropriate to say “Goodto day, Sir/Ma’am” or “Thank you, Sir/Ma’am. ” you, Sir/Ma’am.” wheN iN doUbt, saLUte!! WHEN IN DOUBT, SALUTE!!

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ORDER OF FLAG PRECEDENCE Every cadet should know the proper order of precedence of flags in relation to the National Colors. If the precedence is incorrect it is the responsibility of the cadet who identified the discrepancy to correct it or to politely inform someone who can. IAW Army Regulation 840-10, 29 October 1990, Chapter 2, paragraph 2-5, page 11, the following is the order of precedence of flags:

a. The flag of the United States

b. Foreign national flags (Normally, these are displayed in alphabetical order using the English alphabet.)

c. Flag of the President of the United States of America

d. State flags (Normally, these are displayed in order of admittance of the State to the Union, however, they may be displayed in alphabetical order.) e. Military organizational flags of the Services in order of precedence (AR 600-25)

f. Military organization flags within a Service by echelon



g. Individual flags in order of rank

The proper order of precedence of flags for a standard display at Norwich is:

a. The flag of the United States b. Vermont State flag c. Army flag (14 June 1775) d. Marine flag (10 November 1775) e. Navy flag (27 March 1794) f. Air Force flag (17 September 1947) g. Coast Guard flag (Department of Homeland Security) h. Norwich Regimental flag i. General Officer flags in order of rank

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COURTESIES TO THE NATIONAL FLAG The Flag of The United states a. There are four names in use for the flag of the United States: flag, color, standard, ensign. The national color, carried by dismounted units, measures 3 feet hoist be 4 feet fly and is trimmed on three sides with golden yellow fringe 2½ inches in width. The standard, identical to the color, is the name traditionally used by mounted, motorized, or mechanized units. The ensign is the naval term for the national flag (or flag indicating nationality) of any size flown from ships, small boats, and airships. When we speak of “flags” we do not mean colors, standards, or ensigns. b. Type, Purpose and Size of U.S. Flag (Army Reg. 840-10) Garrison flag

– holidays and special occasions, size 20’ hoist by 38’ fly

Post flag

– general use size 10’ 11⅜” hoist by 17’ fly feet

Field flag

- display with the positional field flag size 6’8” hoist by 12’ fly

Storm flag

– stormy weather size 5’ hoist by 9’ 6” fly

Interment flag

– military funerals size 5’ hoist by 9’ 6” fly

Rules and Customs for Displaying The Flag of The United States. The flag of the United States represents the living country and is considered a living thing. a. Rules and customs for displaying the US flag, adopted by an act of Congress in 1942 and amended in 1976, are found in Title 36 of the United States Code. b. The union, the field of blue with the grouping of stars representing the individual states, is the honor point and is the flag’s right. When the flag is 64

displayed, the union is always to the right and to the top and to the flag’s own right (the left of the observer). c. The flag of the United States is never used as a drapery. It is not festooned over doorways or arches, tied in a bow, or fastened into a rosette. It is not used to cover a speaker’s desk or draped over the front of a platform. For those purposes, bunting may be used, giving the blue of the bunting the place of honor at the top of the arrangement or in the center of the rosette. In a dire emergency, the flag may be flown upside down as a distress signal. d. Dipping The Flag or Colors. The flag of the United States, national color, and national standard are never dipped by way of salute or compliment. The organizational color or standard will be dipped in salute in all military ceremonies while the United States National Anthem, To the Color, or a foreign national anthem is being played, and when rendering honors to the organizational commander or an individual of higher grade to include foreign dignitaries of higher grade, but in no other case. e. Organizational Colors. Regiments and separate battalions whose organization is fixed by the Tables of Organization are authorized to have organizational colors symbolic of their branch and past history. Such units are “color bearing organizations.” The size is the same as the national color. The word color when used alone means the national color, the term colors means the national color and the organization or individual color. f. Individual Colors. Individual colors, 4 feet 4 inches by 5 feet 6 inches fly, are authorized for the President, Vice President, cabinet members, and their assistants, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Vice Chief of Staff, United States Army. g. Reveille and Retreat. The daily ceremonies of reveille and retreat constitute a dignified homage to the national flag at the beginning of the day, when it is raised, and at the end of the day, when it is lowered. Installation commanders direct the time of sounding reveille and retreat.

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At every installation garrisoned by troops other than care taking detachments, the flag will be hoisted at the sound of the first note of reveille. At the last note of retreat, a gun will be fired if the ceremony is on a military installation, at which time the band, bugler, or field music will play the National Anthem or To the Color will be sounded and the flag will start to be lowered. The lowering of the flag will be regulated so as to be completed with the last note of the music. The same respect will be shown by all military personnel whether the National Anthem is played or To the Color is sounded. Note: flags are not authorized in rooms.

HOW TO DISPLAY THE FLAG 1. When displayed over the middle of the street, the flag should be suspended vertically with the union to the north in an east and west street, or to the east in a north and south street. 2. When displayed with another flag from crossed staffs, the US flag should be on the right (the flag’s own right) and its staff should be in front of the staff of the other flag. 3. When flown at half-mast, the flag should be hoisted to the peak, then lowered to the half-mast position, but before lowering the flag for the day it should again be raised to the peak. 4. When the flags of states or cities or pennants of societies are flown on the same halyard with the US flag, the latter should always be at the peak. 5. When the flag is suspended over a sidewalk from a rope extending from house to pole at the edge of the sidewalk, the flag should be hoisted out from the building, toward the pole, union first. 6.

When the flag is displayed from a staff projecting horizontally or at any angle from the window still, balcony, or front of a building, the union of the flag should always go to the peak of the staff (unless the flag is to be displayed at half-mast.) 66

7. When the flag is used to cover a casket, it should be so placed that the union is at the head and over the left shoulder. The flag should not be lowered into the grave or allowed to touch the ground. 8.

When the flag is displayed other than being flown from a staff, it should be displayed flat whether indoors or out. When displayed either horizontally or vertically against a wall, the union should be to the flag’s own right, that is, to the observer ’s left. When displayed in a window it should be displayed in the same way, that is, with the union to the left of the observer in the street.

9. When carried in a procession with another flag or flags, the US flag should be either on the marching right, or when there is a line of other flags, in front of the center of that line. 10. When a number of flags of states or cities or pennants of societies are grouped and displayed from staffs with our national flag, the latter should be at the center or at the highest point. 11. When the flags of two or more nations are displayed they should be flown from separate staffs of the same height and the flags should be approximately equal size. International usage forbids the display of the flag of one nation above that of another nation in time of peace

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MILITARY INFOMATION ARMY LEADERSHIP Leadership is the process of influencing people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation while operating to accomplish the mission and improving the organization. Extracted from FM 6-22 (Oct 06)

THE PRINCIPLES OF LEADERSHIP • Know yourself and seek self-improvement. • Be technically and tactically proficient. • Seek responsibility and take responsibility for your actions. • Make sound and timely decisions. • Set the example. • Know your cadets and look out for their well-being. • Keep your subordinates informed. • Develop a sense of responsibility in your subordinates. • Ensure the task is understood, supervised, and accomplished. • Build the team. • Employ your unit in accordance with its capabilities.

Ex from FM 22-100 (Jul 90) 69

ATTRIBUTES OF AN ARMY LEADER A Leader of Character • Army Values • Empathy • Warrior Ethos A Leader of Presence • Military Bearing • Physically Fit • Composed, Confident • Resilient A Leader with Intellectual Capacity • Mental Agility • Sound Judgment • Innovation • Interpersonal Tact • Domain Knowledge CORE LEADER COMPETENCIES OF AN ARMY LEADER Leads • Leads Others • Extends Influence Beyond the Chain of Command • Leads by Example • Communicates Develops • Creates a Positive Environment • Prepares Self • Develops Others Achieves • Gets Results Extracted from FM 6-22 (Oct 06) 70

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CODE OF CONDUCT

ARTICLE I. I am an American, fighting in the forces which guard my country and our way of life. I am prepared to give my life in their defense. ARTICLE II. I will never surrender of my own free will. If in command, I will never surrender my men while they still have the means to resist. ARTICLE III. If I am captured, I will continue to resist by all means available. I will make every effort to escape and aid others to escape. I will accept neither parole nor special favors from the enemy. ARTICLE IV. If I become a prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my fellow prisoners. I will give no information or take part in any action which might be harmful to my comrades. If I am senior, I will take command. If not, I will obey the lawful orders of those appointed over me and will back them up in every way. ARTICLE V. When questioned, should I become a prisoner of war, I am required to give name, rank, service number, and date of birth. I will evade answering other questions to the utmost of my ability. I will make no oral or written statements disloyal to my country and its allies or harmful to their cause. ARTICLE VI. I will never forget that I am an American, responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles which made my country free. I will trust in my God and the United States of America. 73

PHONETIC ALPHABET Alpha

Hotel

Oscar

Victor

Bravo

India

Papa

Whiskey

Charlie

Juliett

Quebec

Xray

Delta

Kilo

Romeo

Yankee Zulu

Echo

Lima

Sierra

Foxtrot

Mike

Tango

Golf

November

Uniform

MILITARY TIME

0100 - 1 am

0900 - 9 am

1700 - 5 pm



0200 - 2 am

1000 - 10 am

1815 - 6:15 pm



0300 - 3 am

1100 - 11 am

1900 - 7 pm



0400 - 4 am

1200 - noon

2000 - 8 pm



0500 - 5 am

1300 - 1 pm

2130 - 9:30 pm



0600 - 6 am

1400 - 2 pm

2200 - 10 pm



0700 - 7 am

1500 - 3 pm

2300 - 11 pm



0800 - 8 am

1600 - 4 pm

2400 - midnight

Integrity is the fundamental premise for military service in a free society. Without integrity, the moral pillars of our military strength, public trust, and self-respect are lost.” General Charles A. Gabriel, USAF 74

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ROOK TRAINING POINTERS FOR FRESHMEN

Offered by 1LT L. A. I. Chapman, U.S.A. in 1906 In a military organization, there are certain persons vested with authority and competent to furnish information. This is essentially true of a military school. The new man should therefore get his information from proper sources and should act on that which he knows to be reliable. There will be many persons free to offer advice, and as a usual thing this advice will be worth just what it costs you, nothing. In fact, you will be lucky to get off so easily, for some of the advice which will be freely offered will prove expensive in the long run. Your Captain, your First Sergeant, the noncommissioned officer in charge of your squad, or one of the officers or noncommissioned officers at headquarters is competent to furnish you with all the reliable advice and information you need. Don’t tell everyone how much you know, nor how much military experience you have had; this will be learned in due time and will come better to the authorities by observation than by word of mouth. Don’t try to be familiar with the old cadets. An officer or noncommissioned officer should be addressed by his proper title and rank, another cadet by CADET. Don’t get angry because the officer or non-commissioned officer drilling you fails to preface his commands by “please.” Orders are given in the military service, not requests. Don’t hesitate to obey all orders from competent authority. The military rule is to obey first and make complaint afterwards. Don’t get homesick. If you feel that this is the worst place on earth and that home is the best, just get busy and forget it. There is plenty to learn and plenty to do, and if you learn all and do all that is required, you won’t have time to be homesick. 76

Don’t lose your temper; it is impolite and moreover places you at a disadvantage. Keep cool and let the other person get mad. Don’t do anything that would lower your self-respect. There is nothing about military service nor about life in Norwich University that tends to make a person anything but a gentry and you are expected above all things to be honorable at all times and in all places. Don’t slouch; keep your shoulders well back, your hands out of your pockets, and your abdomen drawn in; try to look and act the soldier. Don’t think that because you have come to college you need to get into mischief right away. Such ideas are foolish and make short careers at college. Don’t get angry at this bit of advice; it is furnished you in the hope that your first days will be easier for it and with a view to preparing you for life at Norwich University so that you may become and remain a Norwich Cadet.

When in doubt, read your regulations.

“There is no limit to the good you can do if you don’t care who gets the credit.”

General George C. Marshall

To thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man. Shakespeare – Hamlet Act I Scene 3.

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FRESHMAN ORIENTATION PERIOD Norwich Handbook 1956-1957 Freshmen are required to report a few days before the opening of school. This period is devoted to issuing uniforms and equipment, determining all academic courses. Testing, drilling, and other activities involved in getting you ready to join your regular companies. During the first few weeks of school you will be required to go to classes from 1830 to 1930 in the evening, three times a week, for lectures on such subjects as the Honor System, the Norwich traditions and the regulations. During this period you will not be permitted to go home on weekends except in case of emergency. You will not be allowed to fraternize with upper classmen. You will be required to observe certain details of conduct on the “Hill.” This period of training is very important and valuable to you and it is necessary that you accept it cheerfully. The officers and non-commissioned officers in your company will exert every effort to counsel and guide you through this difficult period. You should go to them for advice. They will see that you obey the regulations and they will require that you conduct yourselves properly at all times. You must realize that in doing this they are endeavoring to prepare you for a successful career in the Corps of Cadets. You will not be subjected to any indignity or humiliation. The provision against fraternizing with upper classmen is for your personal benefit. It is necessary that you get acquainted with your own classmates. Furthermore, it is important that you refrain from fraternizing with upper classmen because we want you to be able to observe carefully the membership of the various activities. This will enable you to decide more accurately the activity to which you desire to belong.

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ROOK TRAINING The Rook system is a long established tradition at Norwich. As indicated by 1LT Chapman, our 17th Commandant, it spans back over a century. The Rook experience is designed to teach you how to be a cadet, learn to be a follower, and be prepared for success in the Norwich University Corps of Cadets (NUCC). The Rook year is broken into three distinct periods. During each one you will grow as a cadet and student and upon successful completion of the required training in the second period you will be recognized as a Freshman Cadet. Period I of your training is Rook Orientation Week. This challenging eight day period will rapidly teach you the absolute basic requirements of being a cadet at the oldest private military school in the nation. This period will teach you the basics of maintaining your room and uniforms, basic military courtesy, drill and ceremony, introduce you to our Guiding Values and Honor Code and orient you to your chosen lifestyle in the NUCC. Period II of your training is Rook Basic Training. This four month period will build upon your experiences during Rook Week and further your military knowledge and skills; teach you about our rules, regulations, customs, traditions and history; and ensure you are able to meet the Corps and academic requirements of the University. Successful completion of the training requirements will be assessed through physical, academic and leader evaluations and will result in recognition as Freshman Cadets in the NUCC. Period III of your training is Basic Leadership Training and will commence upon your recognition as Freshman Cadets in the NUCC. This four month phase will further enhance your knowledge of the NUCC, challenge you to maintain Corps standards, and start to teach you about leadership, based on our Army heritage and hone the skills learned previously.

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ROOK REQUIREMENTS AND RESTRICTIONS Rooks are required to comply with the following requirements and restrictions in addition to the Guiding Values, Honor Manual, Norwich University Student Rules and Regulations (NUSRR), Standing Operating Procedures (SOP) Manual, NU Academic Regulations, and all University Policies. Specific Rook Instructions: 1.

Report any unreasonable, immoral, or unlawful order or any suspected act of hazing to the next higher cadet officer or noncommissioned officer in the chain of command and to the Assistant Commandant (AC) within 24 hours.

2. Rooks are required to refer to themselves as “Recruit (last name)” until “recognized.” Proper military bearing and courtesy is always essential for a cadet. 3. Learn cadet knowledge. The information published in this Cadet Handbook pertaining to such things as leadership, training, traditions, the Honor Code and Norwich University history. 4. Rooks are required to walk in the gutter and on the right side of all walkways. Rooks on crutches will walk in the most direct route utilizing any walkway in the safest manner possible. 5. Maintain a proper Rook haircut. 6. Be at ease in academic buildings (no squaring). 7. Listen attentively during instruction. Rooks will not fall asleep in class. Sleeping in class is disrespectful and unproductive. If you must stand in the back of the class to stay awake, do so. 8. Rooks will ask questions and make requests utilizing the proper cadet chain of command. Norwich Faculty and Staff operate on the basis of open door policy. The primary mission of the Commandant’s Office and 81



your Faculty Advisor is to guide, mentor, and help you. Rooks are free to see or call their Faculty Advisor or AC at any time. Rooks are encouraged to communicate or visit with their AC as required or needed. ACs will typically ask if you have addressed your issue with your cadet chain of command.

9. Be in the uniform of the day unless ordered otherwise by their cadre. 10. Carry all items in their left hand whenever possible. 11. Remove their headgear when entering any building or covered area. While at an outdoor athletic event, Rooks may take off their headgear when seated in the bleachers. 12. Have their Cadet Handbook, black pen, blank index cards, room key, mail key, and NU Student Identification Card on their person at all times when outside their barracks. 13. Be in ranks five minutes prior to formations. 14. Stand at the position of attention when addressed by officers or cadet officers. 15. Stand at the position of parade rest when addressed by noncommissioned officers or cadet noncommissioned officers. 16. Wear white nametags as required: Class B (summer and winter), P.T. (except during physical activity); cadet jacket. The white nametag will be worn IAW NUCC SOP. First Year Cadets wear the white nametag until they are recognized by the Regimental commander. 17. Be permitted to check their mail and purchase items at the bookstore, laundry, and the uniform store at their discretion.

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Rooks Are Not Allowed To: 1. Loiter in the mailroom, bookstore, the Mill, Dunkin’ Donuts, or athletic facilities. 2. Purchase, possess or use tobacco. 3. Use the center doors (except Alumni Hall). 4.

of

Jackman

Hall

or

any

barracks

Request Regular Leave, as a general rule. Although, regular leave for doctor appointments, extreme family situations may be submitted through the chain of command with the assistance of one’s leader and approved by the AC; Emergency Leave and Local Absence is submitted directly to the AC.

5. Wear civilian attire on or off campus unless prescribed by the AC . 6. Utilize the Centennial Stairs. 7. Utilize the Mill snack bar, Dunkin’ Donuts, and Partridge Pub until authorized by the Regimental Commander. 8. Double-time between classes, on steps and in the hallways of barracks. 9. Listen to music, watch videos or movies, or play video games (for leisure time pursuits unless organized and authorized by the University). Pertaining To The Barracks: 1.

Rooks will come to attention or call “Attention” when an officer, cadet officer, or a University Official enters a room or hallway. Rooks will come to the position of parade rest when a noncommissioned officer or cadet noncommissioned officer enters a room or hallway.

2. Rooks may visit other Rooks rooms within the platoon for academic purposes without permission from the cadet chain of command.

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3. When reporting or visiting the room of another cadet, a Rook will knock, identify himself/herself. Rooks will enter upon invitation of the occupant. 4. Rooks using the latrine showers will wear the Norwich bathrobe, shower clogs, and a white towel draped over their left shoulder. Rooks will not do facing movements when squaring the hall in shower footwear. 5. Rooks are required to have a phone in their room for official calls. Rooks are authorized to make and/or receive one ten minute unofficial/personal phone call per week (Sunday) prior to pass down. 6.

Rooks are authorized unrestricted Internet access for academic purposes and unrestricted email access for personal communication. Rooks are authorized personal communications for up to thirty minutes daily using social media.

7.

Evening study and quiet hours are in effect from 1930 hours through 2200 (lights out) hours Monday through Thursday; Rooks will assume individual responsibility for study, personal hygiene, and uniform maintenance. Rook doors will be open during this period, except when required for privacy (hygiene, dressing, etc.).

8.

Sunday is a day of rest for all students; time is to be utilized for study, worship and personal time only - quiet hours are in effect all day in the barracks, with lights out NLT 2200 hours on Sunday. Rooks are allowed to deadbolt their doors open on Sundays.

9.

Call to Quarters (CQ) will be from 2200 hours until First Call the next morning and all day on Sunday. Rooks will not sound off or square the hall during this time. Rooks are permitted to “cut the hall” and walk in the most direct route during this time. Rook doors will be closed during CQ.

10. Rook doors will be locked when the room is unoccupied. 11. Rooks will read the training schedule and information posted on the unit bulletin boards twice daily. 12. Each Rook is authorized one shoebox of snack food. 84

13. Rooks will use the barracks stairs designated by the Company Commander. 14. Rooks will not talk with other Rooks while in latrines, hallways or stairwells unless directed to do so. Pertaining To The Dining Facility 1. Rooks will remove their headgear upon entering the vestibule of the dining facility. 2. The Norwich ID card is the Rook meal card and Rooks must have their ID card in their possession at all times when entering the dining facility. 3. Rooks will NOT double time or square in the dining facility. 4. Rooks will only be seated in the Abare, 2nd floor dining area separate from the upper classmen. Rook athletes will not eat with their team unless approved by their AC or be on Detached Service (DS). 5. Each table, space permitting, should have a cadet leader to teach and demonstrate proper etiquette. 6. At no time will Rooks sound off in the dining facility. Rooks will speak in a normal tone of voice when addressed. 7. Rooks are free to select any item of food or beverage served by the dining facility. Rooks may take as much food as they want, but should not waste food. 8. Rooks will not rest their arms on the table. 9. Rooks are permitted to eat once they arrive at their table. 10. Basic Dining Etiquette: a.

Use of the knife. Do not place the knife on the table once you have started using it. When you have finished with the knife, never place the handle on the table with the blade resting on the plate; simply place it on the upper right rim of the plate with the blade edge toward the 85



center of the plate. Use your knife for cutting salad only when iceberg lettuce has been served. All other salads are cut with the fork only.

b.

Use of the spoon. When used to eat soup, dip the soup away from you and then place the side of the spoon to your lips. When finished with the soup course, place the spoon in the soup plate with the bowl up, handle resting on the right rim of the plate. Do not place the soup spoon on the under plate unless a light soup or consommé has been served in a cup or bowl at which time the soup bowl is placed up on the right side of the under plate. When you have used a spoon with coffee or tea, place the spoon bowl up on the right side of the saucer.

c. Chicken and Other Fowl. At formal dinner no part of the bird is picked up with your fingers. Hold the meat on your plate with the fork and strip off the meat with your knife. d. Olive Pits, Seeds, and Fish bones. Remove pits, seeds, or bones from the mouth with the thumb and forefinger and place them to one side of your dinner plate. e.

Fresh Fruit. Halve, quarter, and stone the fruit with a knife and fork. Fresh grapes and cherries are eaten whole, pits removed with the fingers and inconspicuously placed on the side of the plate. Grapefruit and oranges are served in halves. They are never squeezed, but are eaten with a fruit spoon or teaspoon.

f. Foods that can reasonably considered finger food (e.g. bread, sandwich, hamburgers, hot dogs, ice cream cones, pizza, apples, bananas, etc.) may be placed in your mouth with your hands. 11. Unless hands are being used to eat, they will be placed on one’s lap. 12. Rooks will respond to cadre in polite discourse on issues of state, nation and world events. 13. At all times, Rooks will use proper etiquette.

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ROOK RESTRICTIONS Rookdom is a challenging experience designed to teach discipline, motivation, physical fitness, time management, and to introduce Rooks to the military cadet lifestyle. The experience will teach Rooks to work with their platoon to complete various activities throughout the year. The year will start out with many restrictions, including no music, doors open at all times (except from 2200-0530, and when changing), marching in the gutter when outdoors, and squaring the hallways. As the proficiency increases, restrictions will be lifted at the following times: Completion of Rook Orientation Week: • Free to purchase goods, but cannot consume goods or loiter in The Mill or Dunkin’ Donuts Phase 1 – Abare Picnic: • Rooks no longer have to say “Table at ease” or “Table attention” when a Cadre member joins their table in the dining facility. When a Cadre member joins the table, Rooks will continue to eat. • No longer use dities such as “pivot and step” • No longer have to sandwich Phase 2 – Family Weekend: • 3 x 5 in picture on wall/desk (one per Rook) • No white nametags on NU robes or PT gear • Free to talk quietly in latrines • No longer square the hallways

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Phase 3 – Week Twelve – Rook Performance Challenge: • At ease outside • No longer have to walk in the gutter or square the hallways • No longer have to sandwich • Talk with Rooks or Cadre during meals in dining facility Phase 4 – Holiday Dinner • Full use of all vending machines on campus • Phone usage: 0800-1700 M-F and full use on weekends Phase 5 – Week Seventeen – Recognition Week This is the turning point in your Rook year. It marks the change from follower to potential leader. Recognition occurs after Rook Orientation Week and Rook Basic Training, and commences your transition into Rook Basic Leadership Training have ended. After the Rook successfully completes these periods by demonstrating proficiency, the Rook class will undergo a Culminating Event, and will then be recognized as First Year Cadets (4th Class), with all of the rights and privileges thereto. Rooks will then be promoted to Cadet Privates, and will begin preparing for promotion to the Corporal rank. • Awarded Rook Basic Training Ribbon for performing to standards • Can visit upperclass barracks (frat rules apply per NUSRR) • Can visit civilian dorms • Can go to chow on their own • Walking leave • Music, videos, movies, games on PEDs

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• Doors closed as desired • Sleep as desired • Can use Centennial Stairs • Can use front doors • No Rook covers • Black nametags • Walking across the bricks Note: Those Rooks who do not meet the standards will be evaluated for retention in the Corps and may be recommended for a Corps Review Board.

ADVICE The Rook System is not easy. You will be asked to perform at a higher level than you are accustomed. Sustaining yourself at this higher level of performance places great demands on your personal character. To succeed, a new Rook must have a strong desire to be a Norwich Cadet and ultimately a graduate of this University. Cadets must possess integrity, self-discipline, loyalty to the Corps, maturity and a great deal of confidence. Without any one of these, you will not succeed. Cadets must be physically, morally, and spiritually ready for the Norwich challenge. Good Luck!

“I Will Try”

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NORWICH’S HISTORY “In his initial prospectus of Norwich a century and a quarter ago, Captain Partridge wrote: ‘... in every republic the due cultivation of proper military information is indispensably necessary for the preservation of liberty.’ With that statement and in that conviction he founded this great college, and pioneered the establishment of the military collegiate institutions of our country. In a very real sense he gave to the country, in an hour of greatest need, thousands of young men trained in both military and civil fields, thoroughly grounded in the fundamental essentials of complete citizenship and sound leadership.” - General Dwight D. Eisenhower

BRIEF HISTORY OF NORWICH UNIVERSITY By Robert G. Poirier Founded in Norwich, Vermont, by Captain Alden Partridge in 1819 as the American Literary and Scientific and Military Academy, Norwich is the nation’s oldest private military college and is recognized by the Department of Defense as the birthplace of the nation’s Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) concept. Norwich is regarded as one of the nation’s leading military educational institutions. Alden Partridge attended Dartmouth College and was an early graduate, professor, and superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. Unable to implement his far-reaching plans for reforming West Point and developing a national system of citizen-soldier academies while an active duty army officer, Partridge resigned and established the American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy in his native state. The academy’s name was carefully selected to identify the factors of a liberal education that Partridge deemed most important. 91

Following his departure from West Point, philosophical disagreements between Alden Partridge and Sylvanus Thayer,* the erstwhile Father of Military Academy, were the subject of vitriolic disputes between these two militaryeducational pioneers and their followers for many years. Recent scholarship suggests that Partridge probably did more than any other individual to promote military education on civilian campuses in the United States prior to the Civil War. For more than thirty years after founding Norwich, Partridge strove to promote what he termed the ”American System of Education.” The systems basic premise, as stated in academy catalogues of the period, was that the country’s contemporary educational system needed reform in order to properly prepare American youth “to discharge, in the best possible manner, the duties they owe to themselves, to their fellow-men, and to their country.” Interfaced with this concept was Partridge’s belief that the defense of the nation was more properly vested in the mass of its citizenry rather than in regular army and professional officers such as those trained at West Point. Therefore, his American System of Education would be conducted in an atmosphere where military studies were an important appendage to a liberal education; Norwich University and its Corps of Cadets were the principal medium to accomplish these objectives. Partridge linked military science and training with a pragmatic “civil” curriculum so broad and innovative that it gained national attention at the time. The Vermont institution served as a model for nearly twenty other private academies and colleges founded by Partridge or his students throughout the United States prior to his death in 1854. The influence and impact of Partridge and his American System of Education upon the establishment of the Virginia Military Institute in 1839 and the Citadel in 1842, though possibly substantial, remain to be fully identified. Among the “firsts” achieved on the Norwich campus was the presentation of the first courses in civil engineering offered in the United States. It also pioneered the implementation of a physical education regimen, the offering of some of the first courses in agriculture, the adoption of an ambitious field training program to augment classroom instruction, and, in 1820, Partridge’s academy fielded the nation’s first collegiate band. Field training featured 92

far-ranging “hikes” for the cadet corps that took them as far afield as Washington, Niagara Falls, and Boston. The guiding philosophy behind the organization of Partridge’s academy and his curriculum reform heavily influenced Senator Justin Morrill’s College Land Grant Act of 1862 and the legislation which created the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps in 1916. A “risk taker” in the modern sense of the word, Partridge encouraged creative thinking in his cadets. To this day, the words “I Will Try,” symbolizing perseverance in the face of adversity, are prominently displayed on the university seal, the cadet class ring, and on the regimental colors of the Norwich University Corps of Cadets. In 1825 the academy relocated to Middletown, Connecticut, partially to facilitate instruction in naval affairs as Partridge’s cadets were prepared for service on land or sea. Prior to the establishment of the United States Naval Academy, a number of future prominent naval officers, including Hiram Paulding, Josiah Tamall, and James H. Ward, attended the academy for training. While in Middletown, the school’s popularity and reputation was such that, for a time, its cadet corps was larger than that of West Point. In 1829, however, the academy returned to Norwich Vermont, following the State of Connecticut’s refusal to grant Partridge a charter. In 1834 the academy finally received its charter when the State of Vermont officially recognized the institution as Norwich University. Following a disastrous fire which destroyed Norwich’s principal buildings in March 1866, the university relocated to its current central Vermont site in Northfield. Norwich received its first federal commandant of cadets and professor of military science and tactics in 1887, and in 1898 the university was designated as the Military College of the State of Vermont by legislative act. In 1916, the first African-American cadet matriculated, and Norwich was designated as the first site for a senior ROTC cavalry unit. For more than fifty years, this “cavalry connection” resulted in Norwich men playing prominent roles in the final decades of the United State’s Army’s horse cavalry branch and, later, in the emergence of its tanks and armored cavalry units. Military flight training was instituted for selected cadets in 1939, and as the wartime need for officers became critical, an early graduation took place in March 1943. The remaining 93

three lower classes of cadets entered the armed forces at the same time. For the next three years, the university’s facilities were under military control and were dedicated to the Army Air Corps Air Crew Training Program, the Army Specialized Training Program, and the Army Specialized Training Reserve Program. In 1945, the first veterans returned to finish their degrees, and in 1947 the United States Army initiated a unique ROTC program in mountain and cold weather warfare at the school. This program was recently used by the Department of Defense to prepare forces for the peacekeeping mission in Bosnia. In the 1950’s, Norwich entered a period of unprecedented growth and prosperity that continued in the Vietnam Era. In 1972 Norwich University merged with Vermont Junior College, a two year college for women located in Montpelier, Vermont...In 1974 women joined the Corps of Cadets, as Norwich became the first senior military college in the nation to admit women, preceding admission of females to the national service academies by two years. Concurrently, the Department of Defense’s policy of sending nearly all its Norwich commissioned graduates into the United States Army, particularly the armored corps, evolved to where cadets can now be commissioned in any of the armed services... The ongoing preparation of Norwich cadets as “citizen-soldiers” and leaders has repeatedly demonstrated its value to the nation. Starting with the Black Hawk War of 1832, many thousands of Norwich alumni have served with distinction in all the nation’s wars in all ranks from private (seamen) to four-star general (admiral). More than 25 alumni served in the Black Hawk War, at least 80 served in the Mexican War, and hundreds fought in the Civil War. In that greatest of American conflicts, more than 600 served the Union and 60 the Confederacy. The impact of Norwich officers and their contribution to the Union was second only to those of West Point. Following the end of that war, Norwich cavalrymen helped to open up the West, fighting in hundreds of engagements, including the famed battle of Little Big Horn, June 25, 1876. Alumni also served in the Spanish-American War, where Admiral George Dewey (Class of 1855) became a national hero, and in the Philippines Insurrection. Thousands of other Norwich men and women served in all of 94

America’s 20th-century wars. Sixteen died in World War I, 87 in World War II, three in Korea, 22 in Vietnam, and one in Operation Desert Storm. Seven alumni have earned the Congressional Medal of Honor while countless others have earned valor and service awards. Included in a long and distinguished list of Norwich alumni are Grenville M. Dodge, Civil War hero and chief engineer of the Union Pacific Railroad; Gideon Welles, Abraham Lincoln’s Secretary of the Navy; Admiral George Dewey, the “hero of Manila Bay”; Edward D. Adams the engineer who harnessed the water power of Niagara Falls; Harry B. Thayer, an early president and chairman of the board of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company; William G. Wilson, a co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous; and prominent modern military leaders such as General Ira D. White, Edward H. Brooks, and Ernest N. Harmon, legendary World War II tank unit commanders, and, most recently, General Gordon R. Sullivan, former Chief of Staff of the United States Army. At the close of the 20th century, Norwich University maintains its Corps of Cadets, traditional civilian student programs, and unique adult education initiatives while remaining faithful to the principles of its founding father to prepare leaders for an educated citizenry, fully capable of serving the nation in peace or war.

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Sources: William Arba Ellis, Norwich University, 1819-1911, Her History, Her Graduates, Her Roll of Honor, 3 vols. (Montpelier, Vermont: Capital City Press, 1911). Gary Thomas Lord, “Alden Partridge: Promoter of an ‘American System of Education,” Annual Meeting of the American Military Institute, The Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia, April 14, 1989. Robert G. Poirier, By the Blood of Our Alumni: Norwich University Citizensoldiers in the Army of the Potomac (Campbell, CA: Savas Publishing, 1998). Brian Smith and Gary T. Lord, Norwich University, 1819 (Louisville, KY: Harmony House Publishers, 1995).

Reprinted from: William E. Simons, ed., Professional Military Education in the United States: A Historical Dictionary (Greenwood Press, 2000), pp. 230- 233.

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A SELECTED CHRONOLOGY OF NORWICH HISTORY 1819 Founded by Captain Alden Partridge at Norwich, Vermont “The American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy.” 1820 Band organized, oldest collegiate band in the nation. First instruction in Civil Engineering offered in the US. 1825 Academy moved to Middletown, Connecticut. 1829 Academy moved back to Vermont following Connecticut’s refusal to grant a charter. 1834 Academy received a charter from the State of Vermont recognizing the institution as Norwich University. 1856 Alpha Chapter of Theta Chi Fraternity founded. 1860 General Alumni Association formed and chartered. 1866 South Barracks at Norwich, Vermont burned; Norwich moved to Northfield, Vermont. 1868 Old Barracks first university building built in Northfield, Vermont, named Jackman Hall in 1907. 1880 University name changed by Vermont Legislative Act to Lewis College, restored to Norwich University in 1884. 1887 First Commandant and Professor of Military Science and Tactics detailed by the War Department. 1898 Norwich designated “The Military College of the State of Vermont” by the Vermont Legislature. 1901 Charles E. Wheatley named the first cadet major. Dewey Hall constructed as a memorial to Admiral George Dewey. 1907 Carnegie Library constructed, renamed Henry Prescott Chaplin Memorial Library in 1952; Electrical Engineering Department established. 98

1909 First mounted horse cavalry instruction to a class of 60 cadets. U.S. Weather Bureau constructed, renamed Ainsworth Infirmary in 1955. 1916 Reserve Officer Training Corps established, Norwich designated a Senior Division Cavalry Unit. Harold “Doc” Martin entered Norwich, the first African American Cadet. 1919 Centennial Celebration, stairs and gate post erected. 1921 Sabine Field dedicated in honor of Dr. George K. Sabine. 1923 Class ring tradition started. 1927 Norwich cadets called to assist as record rainfall (8.63”) caused disastrous flood in Central Vermont. 1929 Armory constructed; named Plumley Armory in 1962. 1937 “Shock Platoon” established and later re-designated as the Drill Company. 1941 White Hall constructed as dining hall, converted to White Memorial Chapel in 1962. 1943 Special Commencement due to WWII. 1943-46 University facilities devoted to Army Air Corps Air Crew Training, Army Specialized Training, and Army Specialized Training Reserve Programs; there was no Corps of Cadets. 1946 Horse cavalry officially replaced by armored cavalry. 1947 ROTC Mountain and Winter Warfare training program established. 1950 Corps reorganized from a squadron to a regiment; Walter T. Burch is named the first cadet colonel. 1951 Honor System adopted. 1954 South Gateway constructed. 99

1955 Alden Partridge Statue unveiled. 1956 Adams Carillon Tower constructed. 1962 Sabine Field Gateway constructed. Old Stables converted into Cadet Service Center and Indoor Rifle Range. 1964 Jackman Hall, the Old Barracks, demolished. 1965 New Jackman Hall constructed. 1972 Vermont College purchased. Air Force ROTC established. 1974 First women enter the Corps of Cadets, two years before the Federal Service Academies. 1975 NU Color Guard designated as the Official Color Guard of the State of Vermont. Cadet Diane Halliday, first female cadet to graduate, commissions in the U.S. Air Force. 1984 Navy and Marine Corps ROTC established. 1986 MG Ernest N. Harmon statue unveiled. 1987 Jacob Shapiro Field House constructed. 1988 Norwich University Cemetery dedicated. 1992 Norwich Ski area closed. 1993 Kreitzberg Library constructed. General Gordon R. Sullivan, NU’59, promoted to Chief of Staff of the US Army. Undergraduate programs at Vermont College moved to Northfield and populations consolidated. 1995 Cadet Tracey L. Jones, NU‘96, first Norwich student to be selected as Rhodes Scholar. 1997 Sarah S. Patchem first female to be promoted to cadet colonel.

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1998 Kreitzberg Arena constructed on former site of Taylor Arena. 2001

Vermont College sold.

2007 Sullivan Museum and History Center and Wise Campus Center constructed. 2009 Class of ’59 Bridge constructed. Corps of Cadets reorganized to establish Cadet Training Company’s (CTC). 2011 Norwich students called to assist after Tropical Storm Irene flooding after rainfall of up to 8.15” in Vermont.

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PRESIDENTS OF NORWICH UNIVERSITY Captain Alden Partridge, USA............................................................... 1819-1843 Colonel Truman B. Ransom, USA, NU 1825....................................+ 1844-1847 The Reverend James Davie Butler ......................................................... 1847-1848 Professor Henry S. Wheaton, NU 1841..............................................+ 1848-1849 The Reverend Edward Bourns................................................................ 1850-1865 Colonel Samuel W. Shattuck, VSM, NU 1860................................* + 1865-1867 Major Thomas Woodruff Walker, USA................................................. 1867-1868 The Reverend Roger Strong Howard..................................................... 1869-1871 The Reverend Malcolm Douglass........................................................... 1871-1875 The Reverend Josiah Swett, NU 1837.................................................+ 1875-1877 Colonel Charles A. Curtis, USA, NU 1861........................................+ 1877-1880 Lt Colonel Charles H. Lewis, USA, NU 1855....................................+ 1880-1892 Doctor George Nichols, MD.............................................................* + 1885-1895 Professor Charles Dole, NU 1869.....................................................* + 1895-1896 Commander Allan Danvers Brown, USN............................................. 1896-1904 Professor Charles H. Spooner, NU 1878............................................+ 1904-1915 Colonel Ira Louis Reeves, USA............................................................... 1915-1917 Professor Herbert Rufus Roberts........................................................ * 1917-1920 The Honorable Charles A. Plumley, NU 1896...................................+ 1920-1934 Lt Commander Porter H. Adams, USNR.............................................. 1934-1939 The Reverend John Martin Thomas....................................................... 1939-1944 Professor Homer Levi Dodge, PhD....................................................... 1944-1950 Maj General Ernest N. Harmon, USA................................................... 1950-1965 General Barksdale Hamlett, USA........................................................... 1965-1972 Professor Loring Edward Hart, PhD...................................................... 1972-1982 Maj General W. Russell Todd, USA, NU 1950..................................+ 1982-1992 Rear Admiral Richard W. Schneider, USCGR...................................... 1992-xxxx * - acting Presidents 103

+ - NU graduates

OUR FOUNDING FATHER By Gary Lord

oUr FoUNdiNG Father By Gary Lord

Alden Partridge (born 1785, died Alden Partridge (born 1785, died 1854), educated at Dartmouth College and the 1854), educated at Dartmouth College a United States Military Academy, conceived and theinnovative United States Academy, highly plan Military of national education conceived a highly plan of that encouraged growthinnovative of the private military national education encouraged school movement in thethat United States and growthasof the private military school served model for the 1916 legislation creating movement in theTraining United States and the Reserve Officers’ Corps (ROTC).

served as mod el for the 1916 legislation

creating Alden educational thePartridge’s Reserve interest Officers’inTraining reform first emerged when he was superintendent Corps (ROTC). of the U.S. Military Academy. After studying at Dartmouth College forinterest three years, Partridge entered thefirst recently founded Alden Partridge’s in educational reform emerged academy West Point, New York, where, 1806 he was commissioned when he at was superintendent of the U.S.in Military Academy. After a first lieutenant in the U.S.College Army. Partridge’s assignment was to teach atthe West studying at Dartmouth for three years, Partridge entered Point, first mathematics and at later engineering. He York, concurrently in an recently founded academy West Point, New where,served in 1806 administrative capacity, abecoming superintendent in 1815 at age 29. he was commissioned first lieutenant in the U.S. Army. Partridge’s

assignment was year to teach at West Point,Partridge first mathematics andCongress, later That same the then Captain submitted to engineering. He concurrently served in an deficiencies administrative through his superiors, a detailed plan to correct in thecapacity, curriculum becoming superintendent 1815 atfor age 29. at West Point along with a in proposal a comprehensive national system of

military education. He then saw the conclusion of hostilities withtoGreat Britain as That same year the Captain Partridge submitted Congress, an opportune time for an enlargement of the curriculum. Partridge, whose through his superiors, a detailed plan to correct deficiencies in the own education was a blend of technical study and the liberal arts, sought curriculum at West Point along with a proposal for a comprehensive authorization to add teaching staff who could offer instruction in natural national system of militaryliterature, education. Heandsaw the Despite conclusion history, chemistry, mineralogy, ethics, history. its many ofvirtues, hostilities Britain– aasvictim an opportune time formilitary an the planwith died Great in committee of pressures to reduce enlargement the curriculum. education wasnew spending andofsectional jealousiesPartridge, over the whose locationown of two proposed aacademies. blend of technical study and the liberal arts, sought authorization

to add teaching staff who could offer instruction in natural history, chemistry, mineralogy, literature, ethics, and history. Despite its many virtues, the plan died in committee – a victim of pressures to reduce military spending and sectional jealousies over the location of two proposed new academies. 104

Captain Partridge’s replacement as superintendent by Major Sylvanus Thayer, in 1817, further vexed him and prompted protests and obstructionism on Partridge’s part that ultimately led to his resignation from the Army. Before resigning, Partridge had begun to develop plans for a private institution, the American Literary, Scientific and Military Academy, in his hometown of Norwich, Vermont. Formally established in 1819, Partridge’s academy, recognized as Norwich University in 1834, was the first private institution for military education in the United States. Alden Partridge shared the widely held notion of his contemporaries that standing armies are potential threats to civil liberties and republican institutions. Since a well-trained citizen-soldiery was seen as the best protection for a republic, the militia had to be trained in at least the rudiments of military science and tactics. Accordingly, Partridge devised a novel “American System of Education” that was designed to meet the needs of a democratic republic. He sought to make the traditional curriculum more practical, scientific, and modern, an integral part of which was its distinctive provision for military instruction. However, even though his students lived under a military regimen Partridge did not recommend a strictly military education for them, favoring one in which military instruction would only be an “appendage” to civil education. Thus, Partridge worked to prepare his students for useful and responsible roles as civilians, but, when necessary, they could assume military responsibilities as officers in a citizen army. For this reason Partridge is generally regarded as the “spiritual” father of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. The American System of Education, including the provision for military education, was replicated numerous times throughout the United States. Schools following the Partridge plan were organized in most states of the Northeast. A few schools were started in the West and many more were started in the South, some calling themselves “Literary, Scientific and Military” academies. But fire, economic depression, war, and the deaths of key administrators cut short the lives of many of these schools. Among the more successful that followed the Partridge pattern prior to the Civil War was the Virginia Literary, Scientific and Military Academy at Portsmouth; Mt. Pleasant 105

Military Academy, Sing Sing, New York; and Highland Military Academy, Worcester, Massachusetts. After obtaining a charter from the Vermont Legislature in 1834 for Norwich University, Partridge helped cultivate state legislative support for the creation of the Virginia Military Institute (1839) and The Citadel in South Carolina (1842). Although Partridge was unsuccessful in persuading the legislature to fund a military professorship for the University of Virginia, he joined the growing chorus of support for converting the state arsenal at Lexington into a school that would offer “literary, scientific, and military instruction.” Partridge also delivered a series of military lectures in South Carolina with the encouragement of its governor. Significantly, the plan of education assembled by the board of visitors of The Citadel reads very much like a Partridge text. Partridge also encouraged state sponsorship of military colleges through a military convention at Norwich attended by several hundred interested citizens in 1838. The proceedings of the convention, heavily influenced by Alden Partridge, reached publication as a memorial to Congress in 1839. The memorial, focusing on militia reorganization and reform, characterized West Point as a costly nursery of military elitism that fostered values antithetical to republican principles. The proposal called for its replacement by a network of state-sponsored institutions that would combine civilian and military education. The fullest and most highly developed exposition of Alden Partridge’s American System of Education appeared as a memorial to Congress in 1841. This was the first proposal submitted to Congress requesting land grants to support colleges offering to combine civilian studies, like agriculture and engineering, with military science. Congress was asked to apply 40 million dollars derived from the proceeds of land sales to endow as many as 80 institutions of higher learning. And, foreshadowing what was to finally occur in the National Defense Act of 1916, the plan called for the federal government to provide funding to support courses of instruction in military science. In 1862, Congress enacted a very similar land-grant proposal introduced by Justin Morrill, a Vermont representative. Although Morrill never 106

acknowledged borrowing any of the ideas contained in the land-grant act bearing his name, the similarities of the Morrill Act to the deceased Partridge’s 1841 memorial are striking and suggest that Partridge influenced the Vermont congressman to a significant extent. After Partridge resigned from the presidency of Norwich University in 1843, he continued vigorously to promote his American System of Education. A skillful and effective lecturer, Partridge was a great success in public forums throughout the country and probably did more than any other individual to promote military education in American civilian institutions prior to the Civil War. His concept of combining civilian and military studies in order to produce enlightened and effective citizen-soldiers continues to have currency today.

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Sources: Henry Barnard, Military Schools and Courses of Instruction in the Science and Art of War (rev. ed.) (New York; E. Steiger, 1872). Marcus Cunliffe, Soldiers & Civilians: The Martial Spirit in America, 1775-1865 (2nd ed.) (New York; Free Press, 1973). William A. Ellis, ed., Norwich University, 1819-1911, Her History, Her Graduates, Her Role of Honor, 3 vols. (Montpelier, VT: Grenville M. Dodge, 1911). Lester A. Webb, Captain Alden Partridge and the United States Military Academy, 1806-1833 (Northport, AL: American Southern, 1965).

Reprinted from: William E. Simons, ed., Professional Military Education in the United States: A Historical Dictionary (Greenwood Press, 2000), pp.242-244

“Traditions should not shackle us to the past, but be the handrails to the future.” General Richard I. Neal Assistant Commandant of the United States Marine Corps

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COMMANDANTS OF NORWICH UNIVERSITY

Captain Charles A. Curtis, USA, NU 1861........................................... 1869-1875 Professor Charles Dole, NU 1869.......................................................... 1875-1876 Captain Charles A. Curtis, USA, NU 1861 ......................................... 1876-1880 Captain William M. Rumbaugh, VTNG, NU 1876 ........................... 1880-1886 Captain John C. Wait, VTNG ............................................................... 1886-1887 Captain Edward H. Catlin, USA............................................................ 1887-1890 Second Lieut. Jesse M. Carter, USA ..................................................... 1890-1891 First Lieut. Frederick C. Kimball, USA ............................................... 1891-1893 First Lieut. Henry C. Keene, USA ........................................................ 1893-1895 First Lieut. Henry W. Hovey, USA ....................................................... 1895-1898 Professor Arthur E. Winslow, NU 1898 ....................................................... *1898 Captain Henry W. Hovey, USA ............................................................ 1898-1899 Captain John P. Moseley, VTNG, NU 1899 ........................................ 1899-1900 First Lieut. Charles H. Cabannis, USA.......................................................... *1900 Captain Charles S. Carleton, NU 1896 ................................................ 1900-1902 Major Henry W. Hovey, USA................................................................. 1902-1906 Captain Leslie A. I. Chapman, USA...................................................... 1906-1910 Major Luther P. Bayley, VTNG, NU 1909 ........................................... 1910-1911 Captain Frank Tompkins, USA ............................................................ 1911-1913 First Lieut. Ralph M. Parker, USA......................................................... 1913-1916 Major Frank Tompkins, USA................................................................. 1916-1917 Captain George L. Byroade, USA.......................................................... 1917-1918 Major Arthur M. Edwards, USA .......................................................... 1918-1919 Colonel Frank Tompkins, USA ............................................................ 1919-1923 First Lieut. John C. MacDonald, USA ...............................................+ 1923-1927 Captain Ernest N. Harmon, USA........................................................+ 1927-1931 Major Joseph M. Tully, USA ................................................................. 1931-1935 Major Charles R. Johnson, USA ........................................................... 1935-1938 Lt Colonel George S. Andrew, USA ..................................................... 1938-1941 Major Merton E. Ashton, USA....................................................................... *1941 Maj. General Leon B. Kromer, USA...................................................... 1941-1943 109

Colonel Wilson T. Bals, USA.......................................................................... *1943 Lt Colonel John W. Hosmer, AUS, NU 1937........................................ 1943-1945 Lt Colonel Robert, D. Guinn, USA........................................................ 1945-1946 Lt Colonel John W. Hosmer, AUS,.NU 1937........................................ 1946-1947 Colonel Carl J. Dockler, USA, NU 1919................................................ 1947-1950 Colonel Briard P. Johnson, USA, NU 1927........................................... 1950-1951 Colonel George B. Anderson, USA, NU 1916.............................................. *1951 Maj General Oscar R. Cauldwell, USMC ............................................. 1951-1953 Lt Colonel John W. Black, USA.............................................................. 1953-1957 Colonel George V. H. Moseley, Jr., USA................................................ 1957-1959 Colonel Michael Popowski, Jr., USA, NU 1934.................................... 1959-1962 Colonel Hugh R. O’Farrell, USA............................................................ 1962-1966 Lt Colonel Rodgers L. Gregory, USA..................................................... 1966-1970 Commander William F. Beatty, USN..................................................... 1970-1973 Colonel John B. Wadsworth, USA......................................................... 1973-1977 Colonel Paul D. La Fond, USMC........................................................... 1977-1979 Colonel David A. Hicks, USA, NU 1950............................................... 1979-1981 Colonel Gerald G. Chikalla, USA.......................................................... 1981-1985 Colonel Anthony J. Carbone, USA, NU 1958....................................... 1985-1988 Colonel Timothy H. Donovan, USA, NU 1962.................................... 1988-1991 Colonel Joseph V. Potter, USAF.............................................................. 1991-1992 Colonel M. Andrews Melville, USAF.................................................... 1992-1995 Colonel Craig R. Lind, USA, NU 1971.................................................. 1995-1997 Colonel Leonard E. Doscinski, USA, NU 1964.................................... 1997-2001 Colonel Michael J. McKeon, USA.......................................................... 2001-2003 Colonel Michael R. Kelley, USA, NU 1974........................................... 2003-2011 Colonel Richard J. Van Arnam, Jr., VTNG, NU 1984......................... 2011-2012 Colonel Russell J. Holden, USA, NU 1973............................................ 2012-1111

* - acting Commandants

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+ - NU graduates

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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES UPPER PARADE GROUND

The Northfield campus has grown since its establishment in 1866 to reflect the growing size of the student population and their educational needs. The focal point of the campus and in particular for the Corps of Cadets is the upper parade ground, referred to as the “UP.” The upper parade ground is anchored at the northern end by Jackman Hall, named after Alonzo Jackman, NU ’36, the first graduate as a chartered university. The four-story building houses the Offices of the President, Student Affairs, Academics, Financial Aid, Bursar, Registrar, Development, Human Resources and the Army and Air Force ROTCs. It was built on the site of Old Barracks, the first permanent building on campus which was built in 1868. The other buildings on the UP central to the Corps of Cadets, in a clockwise fashion include the following buildings. Dewey Hall, completed in 1901, was erected in honor of Admiral of the Fleet George Dewey the Hero of Manila Bay, who attended Norwich from 1851-1854 before departing to attend the US Naval Academy. This three-story building currently houses the School of Business and Management, which is part of the College of Professional Schools. Hawkins Hall, completed in 1940, is a four-story barracks which can house up to 128 cadets. The barracks is named after BG Rush Hawkins, US Volunteers, who commanded the 9th New York Zouaves Regt during the Civil War and was a major proponent of Norwich and the value of military education for our citizens. Dodge Hall, was originally Cabot Hall completed in 1938, but was renamed in 1965 when the original Dodge Hall was demolished. The second largest and second oldest barracks on campus, the four-story building can house up to 176 cadets. The barracks is named after MG Grenville Dodge NU ’51 who was a famous Civil War general and military engineer, the chief engineer of the Union Pacific railroad responsible for establishing the transcontinental railroad and a distinguished trustee. 112

Patterson Hall, completed in 1958, is a four-story barracks capable of housing 144 cadets. The barracks is named after Harry Patterson, NU ’09 who was a noted Civil Engineer, Industrialist and trustee. He focused on the professional development of faculty and improvements in their housing. Goodyear Hall, built in 1955, is the five-story barracks which anchors the southern end of the UP and can house up to 185 cadets. The barracks is named after MG A. Conger Goodyear, NYNG, who served in both World Wars as well as being active in the arts, industry, politics and as a trustee of Norwich. Wilson Hall, built in 1961, is the same size and design as Patterson Hall and is capable of housing 146 cadets. The barracks is named after former Governor Stanley Wilson who dedicated his life to the law, his state and Norwich University for 50 years as a trustee. Alumni Hall, built in 1905, and enlarged in 1938, is the largest and oldest barracks with four stories and is capable of housing 263 cadets. The barracks was fully funded by the generosity of the Norwich Alumni Association and dedicated to the memory of Alden Partridge. Until 1955, the plaque on the northern corner of the building was the only memorial to the school’s founder. Ransom Hall, built in 1952, is a four-story barracks and is capable of housing 138 cadets. The barracks is named after Col Truman Ransom NU‘25, the University’s second president and a hero of the assault on Chapultepec. Ransom Hall was the first college building constructed with federal funds. Chaplin Hall, originally named Carnegie Hall, was built in 1907 as the library and electrical engineering building with funding from Andrew Carnegie. In 1952 through the generosity of Henry Chaplin, a manufacturing leader and trustee, the building was completely renovated. In 1961 he supported the construction of a rear addition adding almost twice the floor space. In 1993 the building was transformed to house the School of Architecture and Art. 113

Gerard Hall, built in 1963, is roughly the same size and design as Goodyear Hall and is capable of housing 181 cadets. The barracks is named after Jacques Gerard who was born in Russia, where he served in World War I. A noted industrialist, businessman and trustee, his generosity enabled construction of what constitutes the last barracks built on the UP. There are two other dormitories on campus. Crawford Hall was built in 1987 and is located directly behind the Admissions Office on Harmon Drive. Originally designed as a three-story dormitory, it is unique in that an additional floor was added in 2004, allowing 204 students to reside in the building. The dormitory is named after David Crawford NU ’22 who was a noted Civil Engineer specializing in highway systems. Milano Ballroom, located in the ground floor of Crawford Hall was completed in 1989. Named for Joseph and Jill Milano, both NU ’66, who are successful entrepreneurs and generous supporters of Norwich, the ballroom is a hub of many social activities throughout the year. South Hall, built in 2008, is the newest dormitory on campus and is designed as the first of three new dormitories to be located on Upper Disney Field. The building is specifically designed to house 283 civilian students. Built in 2009, the “Magnificent” class of 1959 bridge, significantly improves access from the UP to the dormitory and serves as a connection between the civilian and military lifestyles.

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RELIGION reLiGioN

Religionhas hasalways always been an important of life cadet life at Religion hadhad been an important part ofpart cadet at Norwich Norwich and theprovides University cadet with and the University each provides cadet witheach opportunities for opportunities spiritual growth for development. spiritual growth and development. In addition to weekly chapel and In addition to weekly chapel services the University has a serviceschaplain the University has a full-time chaplainpriests and who two are part-time full-time and two part-time Roman Catholic available Roman Catholic priests who arecadet available for ministry to and support for ministry to and support for any in need. for any cadet in need.

All on-campus services are held in the White Memorial Chapel - named on-campus held engineer, in the white Memorial afterAll Eugene White, services NU ’14 are a noted industrialist and chapel trustee -of named after Eugenebuilt White, a noted andto Norwich. Originally as aNU new’14 dining hallengineer, in 1941, itindustrialist was designed Norwich.into Originally a new dining hallcompleted in 1941, it as wasits betrustee easily of converted a chapelbuilt onceasHarmon Hall was replacement. Hall was intoHarmon the current designed to In be1956 easilyWhite converted intotransformed a chapel once Hallchapel. was Inside the sanctuary hang General and White Flag Officer flags for all military completed as its replacement. In 1956 Hall was transformed into services and graduates from the Norwich who hang have attained rank or the current chapel. Inside sanctuary Generalsignificant and Flag Officer office. thereservices are memorial plaques for graduates whowho have have made flags Additionally for all military and graduates from Norwich the ultimatesignificant sacrifice inrank their or service to our nation. attained office. Additionally there are memorial

plaques for graduates who have made the ultimate sacrifice in their service to our nation. 115

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The chapel offers a weekly non-denominational Protestant service on Sundays evenings and Roman Catholic masses are held on Wednesday and Sunday evenings. An Islamic prayer room is available for use as desired. Jewish and other faith groups meet weekly as well. Local worship services are available and transportation can be arranged through the Chaplain’s Office. All cadets, and Rooks upon completion of Rook Week, are authorized and encouraged additionally to attend their preferred services off-campus as religious faith plays a significant role in the development of leaders of character.

THE CADET PRAYER 1997 Almighty God, in reverence for You, I seek to think and act in ways that are consistent with Your perfect will. I humbly confess my failures and request forgiveness for my sins. As a member of the Corps of Cadets, my desire is to reach beyond the mere requirements of our Honor Code and pursue an even higher standard of excellence - the one that You Yourself possess. Help me always to do what is ethically right. May I be the example - never the exception! May I be known for honesty in my words, fidelity to my commitments, and persistency in my responsibilities. May my effectiveness as a leader be measured by my strength of character, my trustworthiness, and others’ willingness to follow me. Lord God, may I always be above reproach, but never beyond scrutiny! Convict and correct me if ever my motives or methods lack integrity. And by your grace may I demonstrate the unbending courage to constantly reflect the best of what it means to be a Norwich Cadet. Amen!* *or the Christian Benediction: “In Jesus’ Name, Amen!” Reverend William S. Wick, Norwich University Chaplain

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ACADEMIC BUILDINGS

Using the UP as the center of the campus, the academic buildings, with the exception Dewey and Chaplin Halls, are located along the eastern side of campus. Closest to Dewey Hall are the three buildings which make up the core of the College of Liberal Arts. Webb Hall, which was built in 1960, is the home of Modern Languages and English. The building is named after J. Watson Webb who was a world famous polo player, insurance executive, member of the state legislature and trustee of Norwich. A prominent feature of Webb Hall is dole auditorium which is capable of holding over 400 students. Immediately next to Webb Hall is Ainsworth Hall, which was built in 1909 as an US Weather Bureau Building. In 1948 the building was turned over to the University and became the Ainsworth Infirmary. Named after Capt James Ainsworth, NU ’53, a noted railway engineer responsible for building over 2,000 miles of track. Today the building is the home to Criminal Justice and Sociology, History and Political Science, and Psychology and Education. Hollis House, built in 1852, is used mainly for humanities classroom space. The building is named after David “Dixie” Hollis, Jr., NU ’22 who is responsible for the establishment of scholarships is support of worthy students. The other building directly supporting the College of Liberal Arts is the Communications Building, the oldest portion being built in 1844. When renovated in 1988 an addition was add to support the majority of communications classes and is located south of the library. Behind Patterson Hall is the largest grouping of academic buildings on campus, referred to as the “U” building. It is actually comprised of five contiguous buildings which have been upgraded or replaced over time. The “U” building is home to the College of Science and Mathematics and two schools in the College of Professional Schools.

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Bartoletto Hall, built in 1998, was a key project in significantly upgrading our science facilities. It is named after A.J. “Bart” Bartoletto, NU ’52, an entrepreneur, philanthropist and World War II veteran, who has provided significant support to Norwich. The three-story building, which forms the base of the “U” building, is home to the Biology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Physical Education, Sports Medicine, Mechanical Engineering and the School of Nursing. Tompkins Hall, built in 1952, is a three-story building designed originally to support the Mechanical Engineering and Mathematics Department. It is named after Col Frank Tompkins, a noted cavalry officer, who served three times as Commandant of Cadets and Professor of Military Science and Tactics. During World War I he commanded the 301st Infantry Regiment, 76th Infantry Division which has the distinction of being the first division drawn from civilian ranks through the draft, hence their description as “the first sons of the nation.” He completed his service to the University as a trustee. Tompkins Hall is home to the College of Science and Mathematics, as well as Mathematics, Biology and Physics. Cabot Hall, built in 1964, is a three-story building which was originally the Cabot Science Annex and the third building on campus to carry the Cabot name. When the original Cabot Science was demolished, the name was transferred to the annex with the family’s approval. It is named after James Cabot, the son of Godfrey Cabot and uncle of Louis Cabot, both of whom are noted industrialists, philanthropists and trustees of Norwich. Cabot Hall is the home of the Geology and Environmental Science classrooms and laboratories as well as the schools largest lecture hall. Partridge Hall, built in 1941, was a two-story building designed to house the Civil and Electrical Engineering programs at Norwich. This was the first building named in honor of our founder, Capt Alden Partridge a noted civil engineer, over 120 years after the founding of the University. Today is serves as the heart of the David Crawford School of Engineering, part of the College of Professional Schools. The Crawford School of Engineering is named after David Crawford, NU ’22, a noted highway engineer and his son David C. Crawford, NU ’52, a noted offshore drilling engineer. 119

Juckett Hall, built in 1984, is a key three-story addition to Partridge Hall. Named after Frank Juckett and his son A. Walter Juckett, NU ’30, both were noted manufacturers in the paper industry as well as trustees of Norwich. Juckett is the home of updated engineering laboratories as well as the University ITS Department.

ATHLETICS FACILITIES The majority of the University’s extensive athletic facilities are located either behind Gerard Hall or Jackman Hall. Norwich University currently fields 19 Divison III athletic teams, and one Division I team. Originally known for our polo and rifle teams today we have numerous competitive programs of which many have earned national recognition. Andrews Hall, built in 1980, is the heart of the athletic program at Norwich and houses all coach’s offices, classrooms, most locker and training rooms, the athletics hall of fame and gymnasium where the basketball and volleyball programs play their games. The facility is named after Paul Revere Andrews, NU ’30, a leader in the publishing industry and trustee of Norwich. Kreitzberg Arena, built in 1998, is one of the premier collegiate ice hockey arenas and home to the men’s and women’s hockey programs. It is named after Fred Kreitzberg, NU ’57, a national leader in civil engineering and construction management as well as a distinguished trustee of Norwich. The 59,000 square-foot facility is routinely used to host the Division III National Championships. Doyle Hall, built in 2009, unifies Andrews Hall and Kreitzberg Arena, significantly improving access to the arena and providing needed space for the athletic programs. It is named after Allen Doyle, NU ’71, a two-time NU Hall of Fame inductee and PGA Championship Golfer. Sabine Field, completed in 1921, is the home field of the NU football team. It was named after George Sabine, Jr., the deceased son of Dr. Sabine, NU ’68, a noted physician. Originally designed to support football, baseball and track, 120

Sabine was completely renovated in 2013 with the installation of an artificial turf field, lights, press box and new stands. Sabine Field will now support football, soccer, and lacrosse. Plumley Armory, built in 1929, is a three-story facility which provides over 50,000 square-feet of space for offices, classrooms, a running track, large gymnasium, weight training facilities, locker rooms and is home to the wrestling program and men’s and women’s swimming teams. The armory is named after Charles Plumley, NU ’96, a noted lawyer, the 15th President of Norwich, Congressman and trustee of Norwich, in recognition of his service to the University and foresight in gaining support from the state to build it. The ground floor of armory serves as the home of the Naval ROTC Unit. Located between the Sabine Field entrances to the armory is the Gunnar Nicholson room, which served as the original trophy room for the University and was dedicated to the noted industrialist, philanthropist and trustee of Norwich. Goodyear Pool, built in 1962, was an addition to the northwest corner of Plumley Armory and is named after Gen A. Conger Goodyear who championed the project. Shapiro Fieldhouse, built in 1987, is attached to the rear of Andrews Hall by a covered walkway and is one of several facilities built on the original Polo Field. Named after Col Jacob Shapiro, NU ’36, a decorated hero of World War II, noted entrepreneur and manufacturer and trustee of Norwich, this 50,000 square-foot facility is home to the men’s tennis team and has a 200m indoor track and a rock climbing wall. Howard Field, was originally acquired in 1895 and 1896 as several separate parcels totaling 25 acres west of the UP. The land was named in honor of General Oliver O. Howard, a famous Civil War leader, Indian fighter, founder of Howard University and trustee of Norwich. Today’s field is the home for men’s and women’s soccer as well as men’s and women’s lacrosse and is the northern most end of the former Polo Field. Garrity Field, completed in 1963, is the current home field of the men’s baseball team. The field is named after Joseph Garrity, NU ’27, who was a former baseball coach and long-time athletic director. The diamond is located 121

at the southwest corner of the old Polo Field. The open practice fields that were originally the remainder of the Polo Field are now referred to as the football practice fields. Disney Field currently the site of both Army and Marine Corps obstacle courses, the climbing and repelling tower and recreational sports. The field is named in honor of MG Paul Disney, NU ’27, Corps of Cadets commander, regimental commander in the 2nd Armor Division in World War II and the first commanding officer of the Armor Training Center at Fort Knox. Norwich Rugby Pitch, was completed in 1970, and is the home field of the men’s and women’s rugby teams. This is the only varsity playing field on the western bank of the Dog River. The clubhouse was dedicated in 1990 to “Pop” Bryan, David Hof, NU ’75 and Clyde Burnett, NU ’78. Shaw Outdoor Center, built in 2012, is the newest recreational area, training area and sports field which was sponsored by Larry Costa, NU ‘80. It is named in honor of SFC John Shaw who was a former Mountain Cold Weather Instructor and recognizes his skills as a leader and mentor. The center serves as the new home for Mountain Cold Weather, has numerous mountain bike, snowshoe, cross country skiing and hiking trails. It also is the location of Norwich’s first NCAA Cross Country Course.

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ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT FACILITIES

Wise Campus Center, built in 2007, is a three-story addition erected on the site of the original dining hall portion of Harmon Hall. Wise Campus Center is named after Clifford and Regina Wise the beloved aunt and uncle of trustee emeritus Robert Mack, NU ’64, and is the home of a modern and state-of-the-art dining facility, kitchen spaces and serving areas. Abare Dining Room, is located above the main dining floor. Named after Jack Abare, NU ’57 a manufacturer, philanthropist and supporter of Norwich, it is exclusively for the Rooks and their leaders. The remaining portion of Harmon Hall is named after the 19th President of Norwich and distinguished combat leader of World War II, Gen Ernest Harmon. The Wise Campus Center is the hub of the University and houses most of the Dean of Students staff, student activities, meeting rooms, the bookstore, mail room, snack bar and student lounges. Kreitzberg Library, built in 1992, is the tallest building on campus being five-stories tall plus a mezzanine deck. It is named in honor of Barbara and Fred Kreitzberg, NU ’57, a couple strongly dedicated to the mission of Norwich and providing facilities that will assist the students in their educational journey. The library serves as a gathering place for students to research and study but is also home to the University Archives and Special Collections, the Academic Achievement Center, and Counseling Services. Sullivan Museum and History Center, built in 2006, is a state-of-theart museum focusing on the history and heritage of Norwich University. It is attached to the western side of the library. The building was sponsored by James Pritzker, a noted financier, supporter of military history and trustee of Norwich. Named after General Gordon Sullivan, NU ’59, a career army officer who completed his service as the Chief of Staff of the Army and now is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Norwich. The main floor of the museum includes a visitors center, permanent displays on Norwich history and Gen Sullivan, a conference center and rotating special displays on Norwich’s history.

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Hayden Builiding, built in 1986, is a single story building behind the library. It is named after Robert Hayden, NU ’41, who served as an Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering and Superintendent of University Buildings and Grounds for over 30 years. He oversaw the greatest period of growth with the addition of 13 buildings. Hayden is home to the University uniform shop, Security and Facilities Operations. Hassett House, built in 1825, is a two-story house moved to its current location behind the Communications Building from its original location next to the Hollis House. Named after the last private owners, the facility now hosts the Center for Student Success, the Center for Educational Effectiveness and Veterans Affairs. Student Service Center, built in 1919, is a single-story structure purpose built as the stables with a funding from Gen Hawkins and was converted in 1962. The Center, located below the west side of the UP in the parking lot with Kreitzberg Arena, currently is home to the barber shop and Army Supply. Roberts Hall, built in 1916, is the two-story home of Admissions. It was named after Herbert Roberts who served Norwich for forty years as a teacher, dean, counselor and interim President. At one time a class club and meeting facility it is now the first building that most Norwich students enter. Marsilius Hall, located across the green from Roberts Hall, is the home of the Green Mountain Family Practice. The only building not owned by Norwich, it is the site of the campus infirmary and where all students go for sick call.

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MEMORIALS MeMoriaLs TheThe Alden Partridge Statue alden Partridge statue TheThe Alden Partridge statue stands memory Alden Partridge statueinstands of founder in the memory of of theNorwich founder University. of NorwichThe statue was dedicated Commencement University. The statueat was dedicated of In the summer 1997 the statue at 1955. Commencement of of1955. In the was turned 180 degrees to was accommodate summer of 1997 the statue turned the of new math and science 180landscaping degrees to accommodate the complex. It was carved in the Northfield plant landscaping of new math and science of the Rock of Ages Corporation by Italian complex. It was carved in the Northfield born sculpture Labruno Sarzanini. Weighing plant of the Rock of Ages Corporation over nine tons and slightly over sixteen feet in by Italian born height, the statue wassculpture donated to Labruno Norwich by Sarzanini. Weighing over nine tons the Barre Granite Manufacturers Association.

and slightly over sixteen feet in height, the statue was donated to Norwich by the Barre Granite Manufacturers Association.

Weintz Courtyard, completed in 2007, is the focal point of the math weintz courtyard, completed in 2007, is the focal point of the math science complex and home to the Partridge Statue. The courtyard is named science complex home Partridge Statue. banker, The courtyard is II for L. Fred Weintz,and Jr., NU ’47,toa the successful investment World War named Fred Weintz, Jr., NU ’47, aproponent successfulofinvestment banker, he veteran for andL.trustee of Norwich. A strong Norwich’s students World War II veteran and trustee Norwich. fund A strong proponent was instrumental in the growth of theofendowment and established with of students he wasundergraduate instrumentalresearch in theprojects. growth of the his Norwich’s wife a scholarship to support

endowment fund and established with his wife a scholarship to support undergraduate research projects.

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The Centennial Gateways The present gateways were erected in 1919 at the northern and eastern entrances to the University. Upon the left pilaster of each gateway an inscription in bronze summarizes the history of the institution: Norwich University Founded at Norwich, Vermont in 1819 By Captain Alden Partridge Incorporated in 1834 Destroyed by fire and removed to Northfield, Vermont in 1866 Designated the Military College of The State of Vermont By the General Assembly in 1898 Designated as a Cavalry Unit of the Reserve Officers Training Corps By the Federal Government in 1916 Upon the right pilaster of each gateway there is this inscription, written by Professor K.R.B. Flint, which summarizes the characteristics and ideals of Norwich: This institution was founded Upon the principle that a Citizen Soldiery is essential To the maintenance of free Government Throughout a hundred years That principle has been Cherished and men have here Learned that obedience to law Is Liberty In the centuries to come let All who enter through this Gate be faithful to the past.

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The centennial stairs The Centennial Stairs

On April, 1919, the Board of Trustees authorized construction of a Centennial On April,Stairway 1919, the Board of construction of a to improve andTrustees dignify authorized the approach to the College. Centennial Stairwaythetoname improve dignify theofficial, approach to the or College. Each step carries of a and distinguished alumnus, past Each the name a distinguished official, alumnus, cadet cadetstep of carries Norwich. Workofwas begun on the stairway early or in past August. ofWhen Norwich. Work was Celebration begun on thebegan stairway early in of August. When the the Centennial on the tenth October, 1919 Centennial Celebration began the tenth of October, 1919 this One impressive this impressive memorial of on granite and brick was unveiled. step memorial of granite and brick was unveiled. One step is in honor of Captain is in honor of Captain Philip Vincent Sherman, ‘07, who was the first Philip Vincent Sherman, ‘07, who was the first Norwich man to die in the Norwich man to die in the hands of the enemy in World War I. His hands of the enemy in World War I. His sons, Philip, Randall and Allan sons, Philip, Randall and were called upon to unveil Sherman were called upon to Allan unveil Sherman the entrance. the entrance. To earn the rite of passage, rooks are not permitted to use the Centennial To earn the rite of passage, rooks are not permitted to use the Stairway until recognized as freshmen cadets.

Centennial Stairway until recognized as freshmen cadets. 127

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“Uncle jim” Jim” evans Evans “Uncle Commencement Group, 1886. Standing, from left, George D. Thomas, ‘76; Commencement Group, 1886. Standing, from left, George D. Thomas, George R. Miner, ‘83; Nelson L. Sheldon, ‘84. Seated, from left, Charles H. ‘76; George R. Miner, ‘83; Nelson L. Sheldon, ‘84. Seated, from left, Nichols, Evans; W. Stewart, ‘86; and H. Nickerson, Charles‘86;H.James Nichols, ‘86;Rowland James Evans; Rowland W.Thomas Stewart, ‘86; and ‘84. The composition of ‘84. this The photographic grouping appears to be grouping motivated Thomas H. Nickerson, composition of this photographic by the affection the sitters have for “Uncle Jim” Evans who poses serenely appears to be motivated by the affection the sitters have for “Uncle Jim”in an outrageous costume that suggests his dual occupation the University; Evans who poses serenely in an outrageous costume atthat suggests hishe filled the positions janitor and he armorer. Fromthe 1869 until hisofretirement dualboth occupation at theofUniversity; filled both positions janitor inand 1904, Evans served an informal His wit, charm, armorer. From as 1869 until his philosopher-in-residence. retirement in 1904, Evans served as and sage advice, won the friendship of many students. great an informal philosopher-in-residence. Hisgenerations wit, charm,of and sage The advice, influence Evans on of themany University community is memorialized on influence the steps of won the offriendship generations of students. The great the Stairs. There, inscribed on one the steps, is the of James of Centennial Evans on the University community is of memorialized onname the steps of Evans, along with the names prominent commanders, the Centennial Stairs. There,ofinscribed on military one of the steps, is the statesman, name of James Evans,scientists along with names of prominent military commanders, industrialists, and the educators.

statesman, industrialists, scientists and educators. 128

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TheHarmon harmon statue The Statue Harmon dedicated on The The HarmonStatue Statue was was dedicated on September 27,This 1986. This was September 27, 1986. statue was statue commissioned to honor MG Ernest N. tocommissioned honor MG Ernest N. Harmon, who entered Harmon,inwho Norwich 1912 Norwich 1912entered and was assignedin to Band and was assigned to BandhisCompany. Company. After spending freshmanAfter year at Norwich, Harmonyear then spendingGeneral his freshman at accepted Norwich,his appointment to West Point and graduated General Harmon then accepted with histhe class of 1917. to After later appointment Westbeing Pointcommissioned and graduated he with saw in 1917. WorldAfter War I.being commissioned theaction class of

actionwent in World War 1924 I. he later saw Harmon to the Olympics in Paris, representing the pentathlon Harmon went to the the U.S. 1924inOlympics in events. He returned the to Norwich in pentathlon 1928 to serve Paris, representing U.S. in the asevents. the Commandant of to Cadets and the He returned Norwich inProfessor 1928 to of Military until 1931. of Cadets and the serve asScience the Commandant

Professor of Military Science both until the 1931. During World War II, General Harmon commanded First and Second Armored seeing action in Africa and Europe. organized During World Division, War II, General Harmon commanded bothHe the First the U.S. Constabulary post-warseeing Europeaction beforeinretiring. and Second Armored in Division, Africa and Europe. He organized theGeneral U.S. Constabulary post-war Europeofbefore retiring. In 1950, Harmon wasinnamed President Norwich University.

HeInserved that role until 1965, was helping the University a modern 1950,in General Harmon named Presidentbecome of Norwich educational institution. General Harmon retired in 1965, joining the University. He served in that role until 1965, helping the University University’s Board of Trustees. He faithfully supported Norwich until his death become a modern educational institution. General Harmon retired in 1979. in 1965, joining the University’s Board of Trustees. He faithfully supported Norwich death in 1979. A memorial walluntil formshisthe backdrop for the statue of General Harmon. Upon the wall are inscribed the names of deceased Norwich alumni.

A memorial wall forms the backdrop for the statue of General Harmon. are inscribed the names of Vermont deceasedwho The HarmonUpon Statue the was wall sculptured by Frank Gaylord of Barre, Norwich alumni. credits Labruno Sarzanini (creator of the Partridge statue) as his mentor. Frank Gaylord distinguished himself by sculpting the National Korean War Veteran’s

The Harmon Statue was sculptured by Frank Gaylord of Barre, Memorial in Washington, DC. Vermont who credits Labruno Sarzanini (creator of the Partridge statue) as his mentor. Frank Gaylord distinguished himself by sculpting the National Korean War Veteran’s Memorial in Washington, DC. 129

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Upper Parade Ground Flag Pole, erected in 1916, was presented to Norwich by the First Vermont Cavalry Regiment Association in memory of their distinguished service during the Civil War where they served throughout the war with the Army of the Potomac and participated in 76 battles and campaigns. Adams Carillon Tower, built in 1956, was donated by Dr. Porter Adams, the 16th president of the University, in memory of his mother. Originally consisting of 36 bells, in 1959 an additional 11 bells were donated completing the set of 47 bells. The bells were originally used by the Belgian government during the Chicago’s World Fair and were donated by the Greene family in honor of his mother. Memorial Plaza, was completed in 2013, in honor of all Norwich graduates who have served our nation. Located at the West end of Sabine Field the plaza contains a monument to each of the Services. Sabine Sally, was dedicated in 1958, in honor of “the Norwich Men who served in the Armored Forces in World War II,” by Capt James Burt. Built in 1942, the M-4A3 Sherman tank was most likely used to train soldiers during the war and never saw overseas service. She was completely refurbished in 2013. Dewey’s Anchor, was dedicated in 1990, to the graduates of Norwich serving in the Navy and Marine Corps. The anchor is a standard 30,000 pound Navy stockless anchor made during World War II. The anchor is painted white in honor of Admiral Dewey’s flagship the USS Olympia. Air Force Memorial, dedicated in 2008, to the graduates of Norwich serving in the Air Force. The single propeller blade is from the prop of a World War II P-40 Warhawk made famous by the exploits of the Flying Tigers in China. Norwich Cemetery, established in 1988, mid-way up Dole Hill overlooks the University. The cemetery is dedicated to John Conway, NU ’28 and his wife Doris.

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wiLLiaM h. earLe MUraLs WILLIAM H. EARLE MURALS

“GLORY TO GOD, GLORY TO GOD, SEE THE VERMONTERS GO” “GLory to God, GLory to God, see the verMoNters Go” Formed in the summer of 1862, the 13th and 16th Vermont Regiments included Formed in the summer of 1862, the 13th and 16th Vermont Regiments included many Northfield residents and Norwich University alumni. They saw their greatest many Northfield residents and Norwich University They their greatest combat role during the climax of Pickett’s Charge atalumni. the Battle of saw Gettysburg, July combat roleThe during the climax Pickett’s Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg, 1-3, 1863. regiment formedofthe left line on Cemetery Ridge, to reinforce July the 1-3, 1863. The the leftduring line on Ridge, to reinforce the broken units thatregiment had seenformed hard fighting theCemetery first two days of the battle. What broken units thatin had hard fighting during the first the two charge days ofof thethousands battle. What Earle represents hisseen painting is the moment during of Earle represents in his painting is the moment during the the Union chargelines, of thousands of Confederate troops when they are about to penetrate which the Confederate when repulse. they areColonel about toFrancis penetrate the Union which the two Vermonttroops units helped Voltaire Randall,lines, known for his bravery, directed thehelped defense. As theColonel battle progressed, Randall, the commander of two Vermont units repulse. Francis Voltaire Randall, known for his the 13th directed Regiment, hisAs unit the Rogers house Randall, featured in painting, bravery, theshifted defense. thetobattle progressed, theEarle’s commander of and13th thereRegiment, captured shifted eighty-three prisoners. As Randall’s unit returned to the main the his unit to the Rogers house featured in Earle’s painting, line,there it wascaptured cheered by 20,000 on-looking The 16th held the main they and eighty-three prisoners.troops. As Randall’s unit returned toline: the main endured many casualties and captured a large number of Confederate troops before line, it was cheered by 20,000 on-looking troops. The 16th held the main line: they the battle was over. Significantly, Norwich cadets provided the initial training of the endured many casualties and captured a large number of Confederate troops before Vermont Brigade before it went into action. Norwich professor Alonzo Jackman, the battle was over. Significantly, Norwich cadets provided the initial training of the a Brigadier General in the Vermont State Militia, and his cadet drillmasters were Vermont Brigade before it went into action. Norwich professor Alonzo Jackman, charged with this task because of their competence in military drill. Experts credit athe Major General in the Vermont Militia, and his Vermont cadet drillmasters were repulse of Pickett’s charge in partState to the training of the units provided charged with this task because of their competence in military drill. Experts credit by the Norwich Cadets. the repulse of Pickett’s charge in part to the training of the Vermont units provided by the Norwich Cadets. 131

PRESIDENTraNsoM RANSOMat ATchaPULtePec CHAPULTEPEC PresideNt The second second President President of of Norwich Norwich University, University, Truman Truman B. B. Ransom, Ransom, isis featured featured in The thethe first mural thatthat Earle painted in 1956. UponUpon his graduation from from the American in first mural Earle painted in 1956. his graduation the Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy, Ransom, one of Captain Alden Partridge’s American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy, Ransom, one of Captain most highly-esteemed cadets, was made an instructor of mathematics, later became Alden Partridge’s most highly-esteemed cadets, was made an instructor of vice-president, and then president of the University when Partridge resigned in mathematics, later became vice-president, and then president of the University 1843. Colonel Ransom left his presidency at Norwich, to command the 9th U.S. when Partridge resigned Colonel Ransominleft presidency Infantry Regiment, and ledinit1843. in many engagements thehis Mexican War. at The mural Norwich, to command the 9th U.S. Infantry ledofitChapultepec in many on shows Colonel Ransom commanding his troopsRegiment, during theand Battle engagements the Mexican War. The mural shows by Colonel Ransom general, September 13,in1847. Colonel Ransom was recognized the commanding commanding his Scott, troopsfor during the Battle of Chapultepec September 13, General Winfield his gallantry in battle and for the on conduct and discipline 1847. ColonelThe Ransom wasofrecognized the as commanding General of his troops. storming the fortress,byseen the gateway general, to Mexico City, was Ransom’s Scott, last battle. At gallantry the climaxinofbattle the assault, at the the conduct very moment of U.S. victory, Winfield for his and for and discipline of Ransom wasThe shot in the head and died onseen the as battlefield. After death,City, he was his troops. storming of the fortress, the gateway to his Mexico honored by thelast Vermont and of is the still assault, held in high in the Norwich was Ransom’s battle. Legislature At the climax at thehonor very moment of community U.S. victory,today. Ransom was shot in the head and died on the battlefield. After his death, he was honored by the Vermont Legislature and is still held in high honor in the Norwich community today.

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DRIVINGoF OFthe THEGoLdeN GOLDENsPike SPIKE driviNG MG hero in the 19th century, century, was was MG Grenville Grenville Dodge, Dodge, aa military military and and engineering engineering hero responsible for for surveying surveying over 100,000 miles of land for railways railways and building responsible building thousands of of miles miles of of railroad railroad in in the the United United States, States, Mexico, Mexico, and and Cuba. Cuba. Dodge, thousands Dodge, an 1851 1851 graduate, graduate, isis featured featured in in William William Earle’s Earle’s mural mural depicting depicting the an the driving driving of of the golden golden spike spike ceremony ceremony at at Promontory Promontory Point, the Point, Utah, Utah, in in 1868. 1868. ItIt marked marked the the completion of of 1,700 Omaha, Nebraska, which constituted the completion 1,700 miles milesofofrailroad railroadfrom from Omaha, Nebraska, which constituted first transcontinental railroad route linking the eastern United States with the Pacific the first transcontinental railroad route linking the eastern United States with Coast. Dodge, as chief engineer of the Union Pacific Railroad, used the engineering the Pacific Coast. Dodge, as chief engineer of the Union Pacific Railroad, used skills learned at Norwich to become one of the most renowned railroad engineers the engineering skills learned at Norwich to become one of the most renowned of his time, recognized by President Grant and many others for his engineering railroad prowess.engineers of his time, recognized by President Grant and many others for his engineering prowess.

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WARDiN INthe THEtaiPiNG TAIPINGrebeLLioN REBELLION ward The The exploits exploits of of the the adventurer, adventurer, shipbroker shipbroker and and mercenary mercenary Frederick Townsend Townsend Ward, pictured in legendary. AfterAfter leaving Norwich in 1848, Ward, inEarle’s Earle’smural muralwere were legendary. leaving Norwich in Ward 1848, immediately becamebecame a travelera who found adventure a mercenary, Ward immediately traveler who found as adventure as aparticipating mercenary, in many military during three different wars on three continents. After participating in engagements many military engagements during three different wars on fighting for several After different governments, he seized his opportunity to command three continents. fighting for several different governments, he seized troops by accepting $200,000 offer by local businessmen in Shanghai to help put his opportunity to acommand troops by accepting a $200,000 offer by local down the Taiping Rebellion. Ward raised a 10,000 man army, and in several battles businessmen in Shanghai to help put down the Taiping Rebellion. Ward raised defeated forces numbering 50,000 and was eventually promoted to the rank of a 10,000 man army, and in several battles defeated forces numbering 50,000 and admiral general and made a mandarin of the highest order by the Chinese emperor. was eventually promoted to the rank of admiral general and made a mandarin He carried a trademark cane or riding whip instead of the conventional firearms that ofhethe highest by the Chinese carried trademark cane in or supplied his order army, and always led hisemperor. troops intoHe battle fromathe front, resulting riding the conventional that supplied his army, and over a whip dozeninstead wounds.ofFrederick Townsendfirearms Ward died as aheresult of wounds received always led hisoftroops into battle fromreportedly the front,motivated resulting in a dozen wounds. at the Battle Cixi in 1862, which hisover troops to fight more Frederick Townsend fiercely than ever. Ward died as a result of wounds received at the Battle of Cixi in 1862, which reportedly motivated his troops to fight more fiercely than ever.

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dewey DEWEYat ATMaNiLa MANILAbay BAY Admiral naval Admiral of ofthe theFleet FleetGeorge George Dewey, Dewey, probably probably the the most most renowned renowned American American naval hero until heroof ofthe thenineteenth nineteenth century, century, entered entered Norwich in 1851 where he remained remained until his appointment appointment to in in 1854. Serving in theinAmerican Civil his to the theU.S. U.S.Naval NavalAcademy Academy 1854. Serving the American War as a First on USSon Mississippi in Farragut’s fleet, Admiral is Civil War as a Lieutenant First Lieutenant USS Mississippi in Farragut’s fleet, Dewey Admiral best known his command of the naval defeated Spanishthe at Dewey is bestforknown for his command of squadron the naval that squadron thatthedefeated Manila Bay duringBay the during Spanish-American War. Earle depicts Deweydepicts commanding Spanish at Manila the Spanish-American War. Earle Dewey his squadron from the bridgefrom of histhe flagship Olympia during the battle. Stationed in commanding his squadron bridge of his flagship Olympia during the China and the South Pacific throughout most of the war, Dewey sailed his squadron battle. Stationed in China and the South Pacific throughout most of the war, home after destroying the Spanish Fleet on 1 May 1898. He was given the title, “Hero Dewey sailed his squadron home after destroying the Spanish Fleet on 1 May 1898. of Manila Bay,” and at every port stop on his fleet’s journey back to America, he was He was given the title, “Hero of Manila Bay,” and at every port stop on his fleet’s exalted as a hero. Once back in America, Dewey was honored by parades, as well journey back toand America, he was exalted as a hero. Oncebeing back the in America, Dewey as presidential congressional recognitions including only officer ever was honored by parades, as well of as the presidential and was congressional recognitions promoted to the rank of Admiral Fleet. Dewey also given tribute in his including the only Vermont, officer ever to the rank of Admiral of his the hometownbeing of Montpelier, andpromoted in Northfield where a building bearing Fleet. Dewey wason also tribute in his campus hometown of citizens Montpelier, Vermont, name was erected thegiven Norwich University by the of Vermont. and in Northfield where a building bearing his name was erected on the Norwich University campus by the citizens of Vermont.

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briNGiNG BRINGINGPower POWERto TONiaGara NIAGARA Earle’s representationofofEdward Edward Dean Adams’s supervision the Niagara Earle’s representation Dean Adams’s supervision of theofNiagara Power Power displays Adams, an 1864 graduate of Norwich, directing Project,Project, clearlyclearly displays Adams, an 1864 graduate of Norwich, directing the the construction of largest the largest hydroelectric of its day. ignored Adams construction of the hydroelectric powerpower facilityfacility of its day. Adams suggestions from notable electrical of the time, including Thomas Edison, ignored suggestions from notableengineers electrical engineers of the time, including who insisted that the produce currentproduce (DC). Adams the foresight Thomas Edison, whofacility insisted that direct the facility directhad current (DC). to continue his foresight plans to design his power station the production of alternating Adams had the to continue his plans to for design his power station for the current (AC), revolutionizing industry. The plant provided for eight production of thus alternating current the (AC), thus revolutionizing thepower industry. The manufacturing in Buffalo, New York, and also for many community uses. plant provided companies power for eight manufacturing companies in Buffalo, New York, The facility provided the means for some of the most important developments in and also for many community uses. The facility provided the means for some of chemical and metallurgical manufacturing. The design of the Niagara power station the most important developments in chemical and metallurgical manufacturing. influenced other pioneers in the field including George Westinghouse and Thomas The design of the Niagara power station influenced other pioneers in the field Edison. The work of Adams and the Cataract Construction Company created the including George Westinghouse andfacility Thomas The work of Adams and the first significant electrical generation forEdison. industrial purposes. Cataract Construction Company created the first significant electrical generation facility for industrial purposes. 136

NORWICH ACTIVITIES

Although the Norwich University Corps of Cadets primary focus is achieving academic excellence while living a military lifestyle, each cadet needs to pursue other interests or have some time to relax. Participation in extracurricular activities provides cadets with opportunities to grow, develop relationships, build skills or give back to the community. The Wise Campus Center is the 71,000 square-foot social hub of our University and is the home of our Campus Activities Board (CAB), Center for Civic Engagement, career center, meeting rooms and Cadet Cash. For cadets who do not wish to use the dining facility we offer either the Mill Snack Bar or Dunkin Donuts, where students can eat casually and enjoy the recreation room. For cadets over 21 years of age, the Partridge’s Pub provides a location for evening and weekend entertainment. The CAB is the student run organization that supports the majority of social events on campus. The student run CAB plans dances, movies, concerts and other social activities. The CAB is comprised of cadets and other students. There are over 80 extracurricular activities and clubs designed to enhance the morale and welfare of the NUCC through intellectual, physical, cultural, moral and social pursuits. Every cadet should be able to find at least one activity of interest. The academic and professional activities, supported directly by our academic schools, serve as an outlet for cadets who wish to further their education and associate with others in their major. Many offer opportunities to learn informally or to pursue an interest outside the curriculum. Membership in the NUCC already obligates every student to participate in six semesters of ROTC. For those students who desire to learn more about a given service or participate in activities outside scheduled ROTC classes the military activities provide an invaluable opportunity. With Norwich’s long association with the Army three units in particular are very popular. 137

The Norwich Artillery Battery can trace its roots back to at least 1853 when the school was issued two six pound James cannons. Used actively by the cadets until 1906, they were carefully restored to working order by Christopher C. Guiry, NU‘69, and his father, Robert, in the early 1960’s. Today the battery provides ceremonial support at parades, football games and other events using three World War II era M1 pack howitzers. Mountain and Cold Weather Company was established in 1947 at Norwich, the first ROTC program of its type anywhere in the nation. Established by a World War II veteran of the famed 10th Mountain Division, the unit has long prided itself on their expertise in climbing, repelling and a host of other winter survival skills. The company trains to the Army standards of military mountaineering and can be called upon by the state to support winter rescue operations. Ranger Company was established in the late 1950s. The rangers trace their heritage to Roger’s Rangers famed for their exploits in our region during the French and Indian Wars. Cadets have the opportunity to develop their leadership skills by being required to perform effectively as small unit leaders in a realistic, tactical environment under demanding mental and physical conditions. Each year teams compete in the nationwide Ranger Challenge at Fort Knox. Cadets also have the opportunity to utilize their skills and talents through many support activities. Cadets with musical talent can participate in the Campus Choraleers, who perform throughout the year. Cadets who play a musical instrument can join the oldest collegiate marching band in the nation, play in our concert band or join the pipe and drum band. Each support activity provides vital support to not only the NUCC but also the entire University. Other activities support our cadets interest in both competitive and recreational sports, community outreach, and multicultural experiences.

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NORWICH EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AND CLUBS ACADEMIC/PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Association of Computing Machinery Beta Beta Beta (Biology) Business Club Criminal Justice Student Association Delta Mu Delta (Business) French Club Geology Club German Club IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) International Studies Society Mathematical Association of America NU Construction Engineering Management NU Political Science Club NU Pre-Law Society NU Sports Medicine Society NU Studies and Observations Group Psi Chi (Psychology) Physical Education Club Pre-Medical Club Spanish Club Society of Women Engineers Student Nurses Association Tau Beta Pi (Engineering) Teacher Education Upsilon Pi Epsilon (Information and Computing)

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MILITARY ACTIVITIES MILITARY ACTIVITIES ArmyArmy Association theArmy U.S. Army Association of the of U.S. Norwich Artillery BatteryBattery Norwich Artillery Mountain and Cold Training Mountain andWeather Cold Weather Training Ranger Platoon Ranger Platoon Air Force Air Force Special Operations Flight Flight Special Operations Navy/Marine Navy/Marine Golden Anchor Society Golden Anchor Society Semper Fidelis Society Semper Fidelis Society

COMPETITIVE TEAMS COMPETITIVE TEAMS Equestrian Club Fencing Club Club Equestrian FieldFencing Hockey Club Men’sField ClubHockey Ice Hockey Shock Platoon Men’s Club Ice Hockey Soccer ClubPlatoon Shock Women’s Club Ice Hockey Soccer Club

Women’s Club Ice Hockey HOBBY ACTIVITIES 140

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HOBBY ACTIVITIES Ballroom Dancing Cigar Club Computer Security and Forensics Club HITS (Handgun Intensive Tactical Shooting) Club Longboarding Club Mountain Club Norwich Quidditch Association NUTS (NU Tactical Society) Paintball Club Robotics Club Snowboard and Ski Club MULTICULTURAL ACTIVITIES Be A Motivated Female (BAMF) Chinese Club First Nations (Native American) International Student Organization NU Counsel of International Affairs NU Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Questioning, Allies Club NU Model United Nations RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES Hillel (Foundation for Jewish Campus Life) Norwich Christian Fellowship (A Combination of Officers’ Christian Fellowship and Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship) SUPPORT ACTIVITIES Campus Activities Board Campus Choraleers Concert Band Guidon Newspaper Honor Committee Intramural/Recreational Sports Counsel Maroon and Gold Key Club

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NU Emergency Medical Services (NUEMS)

Norwich Student Veterans Council Pegasus Players NU Emergency Medical Pipe & Drum BandServices (NUEMS) Pegasus Players Bugler Regimental Pipe & Drum Band Ring Committee Regimental Bugler Ring Committee Student Alumni Association Student Alumni Association Student Government Association Student Government Association NU Cheerleading NU Cheerleading Club Club War Whoop War Whoop WNUB FM Radio WNUB – FM –Radio StationStation OUTREACH ACTIVITIES OUTREACH ACTIVITIES Habitat for Humanity Habitat for Humanity Norwich Without Borders Norwich Without Borders Rotaract

Rotaract

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Norwich UNiversity heritaGe, NORWICH HERITAGE, LeGeNdsUNIVERSITY aNd traditioNs LEGENDS AND TRADITIONS

The Norwich bugler: It The Norwich Bugler: It has always hasthealways the custom been custombeen at Norwich University at a Norwich University forcalls a for bugler to sound all bugle bugler Retreat, to sound all bugle Reveille, and Taps. Norwich has never- used recorded fieldand music calls Reveille, Retreat, atTaps. these Norwich daily ceremonies. Reveille has never usedand Retreat constitute a dignified homage recorded field music at these todaily the national flag at the beginning ceremonies. Reveille and of the day, when the flag isa raised, and at Retreat constitute dignified the end of the day,national when it isflag lowered. homage to the at Bugle calls serve as reminders of the beginning of the day, when past eras when the calls of the bugler the flag is raised, and at the end regulated the day, and served as an of the day, when it is lowered. essential means of communication serve asis reminders inBugle battle.calls Remaining Taps, the last of past when as theacalls of the sound of eras the bugle, soldier is laid tobugler rest. regulated the day, and

served as an essential means Firstcommunication Call and Reveille:inHistorically, of battle. the beats of theisdrum andthe the calls Remaining Taps, last of the bugleofgo into as past centuries. sound thefarbugle, a soldier The callstoinrest. current use date back to is laid

the very beginning of our country and Firstthe call and reveille: Historically, thearmies. beats of thecall drum and the reflect influence of the British and French First is similar to the French cavalry call a Vous. ” Reveille is calls the same as the French calls of the bugle go“Le far Garde into past centuries. The in current use datecall, this dates Crusades.ofThe of the amazedofand back to thefrom verythe beginning ourarmies country andCrusaders reflect thewere influence frightened at the military musicFirst of the Saracens, and instruments were the British and French armies. call is similar totheir the French cavalry captured and copied. armies usedcall, music greater call “Le Garde a Vous.Thereafter, ” Reveille isthe theEuropean same as the French thistodates advantage in both battles ceremony. from the Crusades. Theand armies of the Crusaders were amazed and

frightened at the military music of the Saracens, and their instruments were captured and copied. Thereafter, the European armies used music to greater advantage in both battles and ceremony. 143 143

The Evening Gun: The evening gun, fired at the time of the Retreat ceremony, signifies the end of the normal Norwich University duty day at which time the flag is lowered. It is an extremely old custom of armies with one legend indicating that in the beginning the gun was fired at evening to drive away evil spirits. Whatever the facts may be as to its true origin it is particularly appropriate to signal the arrival of Retreat throughout the campus. Its precedent extends over centuries. The Retreat Ceremony: The Retreat ceremony honors the nation’s flag at the end of the day. It is known to have been in use during the American Revolution at which time it was sounded with drums. The retreat parade in which a ceremonial parade is combined with the retreat ceremony including the sounding of the evening gun is one of the most inspiring Norwich ceremonies. The retreat ceremony will feature bugler and other instruments. Taps: Taps was composed in 1862 during the Civil War, when Union Army Captain Robert Ellicombe was with his men near Harrison’s Landing in Virginia. The Confederate Army was on the other side of the narrow strip of land. During the night, Captain Ellicombe heard the moans of a soldier who lay mortally wounded on the field. Not knowing if it was a Union or Confederate soldier, the Captain decided to risk his life and bring the stricken man back for medical attention. Crawling on his stomach through gunfire, the Captain reached the stricken soldier and began pulling him toward his encampment. When the Captain finally reached his own lines, he discovered it was actually a Confederate soldier but the soldier was dead. The Captain lit a lantern and suddenly caught his breath and went numb with shock. It was his own son. The boy had been studying music in the South when the war broke out. Without telling his father, he enlisted in the Confederate Army. The morning, heartbroken, the father asked permission of his superiors to give his son a full military burial despite his enemy status. His request was only partially granted. The Captain had asked if he could have a group of the Army band members play a funeral dirge for his son at the funeral. The request was turned down since the soldier was a Confederate, but out of respect for the father, they did say they could give him only one 144

musician, The Captain chose a bugler. He asked the bugler to play a series of musical notes he had found on a piece of paper in the pocket of the dead youth’s uniform. This wish was granted. The haunting melody we now know as “Taps” was born. Day is done Gone the sun From the lakes From the hills From the sky All is well Safely rest God is nigh.

Fading light Dims the sight, And a star gems the sky, Gleaming bright, From afar, Drawing nigh, Falls the night.

Thanks and praise, For our days, Neath the sun, Neath the stars, Neath the sky, As we go, This we know, God is nigh.

Echo Taps: In the fall of 1983 the shocking suicide bombing of the Marine Barracks in Lebanon deeply affected the corps of cadets. In honor of our fallen servicemen the entire Corps met at taps on the upper parade ground at 2300. Echo taps was played and the Corps silently returned to their barracks. The following spring a tragic accident took the lives of three members of the Norwich University Fire Brigade. Again the entire corps of cadets conducted the ceremony, now for three of their own. Since that dramatic evening the Corps has shown its respect for fallen Norwich students, alums killed in action in a war zone, and as required by the President for extraordinary purposes; assembling at 2300 and executing echo taps followed by a silent retreat. The “Sound Off ” and Three Cheers: During a ceremonial parade the adjutant commands “SOUND OFF”. The band, in place, plays the Sound Off of three chords. It then moves forward, and changes direction while playing a stirring march, marches past the troops in formation, then returns to its post. Upon halting it sounds the Three Cheers. Some scholars believe this custom originated during the Crusades. At the time when detachments were sent away on faraway campaigns it was the custom to assemble the garrison in formation with the departing troops in the place of honor on the right. The band of the 145

with the departing troops in the place of honor on the right. The band of the period marched past troops being honored much as is now done during the Sound Off at Norwich Ceremonies. Three cheers for their period marched past troops being honored much as is now done during the departing comrades were then given by the troops remaining behind. Sound Off at Norwich Ceremonies. Three cheers for their departing comrades The simple notes of the three cheers as they are used today could very were then given by the troops remaining behind. The simple notes of the three well have symbolic meaning. Invery anywell event is an intriguing legend cheersthis as they are used today could haveit this symbolic meaning. In with logic as to any event it isitsanauthenticity. intriguing legend with logic as to its authenticity.

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Norwich MedaL oF hoNor reciPieNts The Medal of Honor, established by an act of Congress in 1862, is the NORWICH MEDAL OF HONOR RECIPIENTS highest and most rarely awarded decoration conferred by the United States. The deed for which the Medal of Honor is awarded must have The Medal of Honor, established by an act of Congress in 1862, is the highest personal bravery conferred or self-sacrifice so conspicuous as to andbeen most one rarelyofawarded decoration by the United States. The deed distinguish individual for must gallantry above for clearly which the Medal of the Honor is awarded have and beenintrepidity one of personal his comrades and must have involved risk ofdistinguish life. Presentation of the bravery or self-sacrifice so conspicuous as to clearly the individual of and Honor is madeabove only his by the President thehave United States.risk for Medal gallantry intrepidity comrades and of must involved of life. Presentation of the Medal of Honor is made only by the President of the United States.

henry clay wood, class of 1856 First Lieutenant, 1st United

Henry Clay Infantry Wood, Class of 1856 States Cited for

distinguished Gallantry in

First Lieutenant, 1st United the battle at Wilson’s Creek, States Infantry Cited for Missouri, 10 August 1861. distinguished Gallantry in the battle at Wilson’s Creek, of Missouri, 10 A graduate Bowdoin August 1861.Wood studied Military College,

Science at Norwich University

A graduate of Bowdoin College, before assuming his duties as Wood studied Military Science officer inUniversity the 1st United at an Norwich before States Infantry He assuming his dutiesRegiment. as an officer was 1st transferred to the 11th in the United States Infantry U.S. Infantry earlytransferred in the Civil Regiment. He was to recognized the War 11th and U.S.was Infantry early in for the Civil and was hisWar bravery in recognized the Battle for of his Wilson’s bravery inCreek the Battle Wilson’s whereof he was Creek where he was while severely severely wounded in wounded whileofin acommand command companyofofa company of mounted mounted riflemen.riflemen.

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willie johnston, class of 1870 Private,johnston, 3rd Vermont willie classInfantry of1870 1870Cited Willie Johnston, Class of for gallantry in the Seven Days’ Battle of Private, 3rd 3rd Vermont the Campaign ofInfantry 1862. Peninsular Private, Vermont InfantryCited Cited gallantryininthe theSeven Seven Days’ Days’ Battle forforgallantry Battleofof The youngest recipient of The Medal PeninsularCampaign Campaignof of 1862. 1862. thethe Peninsular of Honor, Willie Johnston joined the 3rd The youngest recipient of The Medal Vermont Regiment to be near his father. The youngest recipient of The Medal Honor, WillieJohnston Johnston joined the the The twelve-year-old drummer and3rd ofof Honor, Willie joined 3rd Vermont Regiment to be near his father. stretcher carried outnear his his duties Vermontbearer Regiment to be father. The twelve-year-old drummer with uncommon bravery and persistenceand The twelve-year-old drummer and stretcher bearer carried out his his duties while underbearer fire during intense combat stretcher carried out duties with uncommon braveryand andVirginia. persistence persistence inwith theuncommon vicinity of bravery Richmond, whileunder under fire during intense intense combat while during combat Brought to thefire attention of President theJohnston vicinity of of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia. ininthe vicinity Virginia. Lincoln, was cited as a model of Brought the attention attention of of President President Brought totocourage. the devotion and Lincoln, of Lincoln,Johnston Johnstonwas wascited citedas as a model of devotion devotionand andcourage. courage. edmund rice, class of 1860 Major,Rice, 19th Class Massachusetts of 1860 Infantry Cited edmund rice, class of 1860 Edmund for conspicuous bravery on the third day of the battleMajor, 19th Massachusetts Cited Major, 19th Massachusetts Infantry Cited at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,Infantry 3 July 1863, for conspicuous on thethird third of for conspicuousbravery bravery onPickett’s the dayday of the in the counter-charge against division. the battle battleatatGettysburg, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July Pennsylvania, 3 July3 1863, Major Ricecounter-charge led the against Massachusetts 19th 1863, in counter-charge the against in the Pickett’sPickett’s division. Regiment in the crucial repulse of Pickett’s division. Major Rice came led the 19th Charge. His unit intoMassachusetts breast-to-breast conflict Major Rice led14th the Virginia Massachusetts 19th Regiment inthe the crucial repulseRegiment of Pickett’s with Regiment the crucial repulse of Pickett’s Charge.inHis cameJames into breast-to-breast commander byunit Colonel Hodges, an Charge. His unit came into breast-to-breast conflict 14th Virginia Regiment alumnus ofwith the the military school found by conflict with the 14th Virginia Regiment commander Colonel James Hodges, Alden Partridge by at Portsmouth, Virginia, in an commander by the Colonel James Hodges, alumnus of military school foundasan by 1839. Rice’s sword was shot from his hand alumnus ofPartridge the military school found by Alden at Portsmouth, he Alden courageously rushed to the lead ofVirginia, his unit in Partridge at Portsmouth, Virginia, inhand 1839. 1839. Rice’s swordme wasboys. shot fromfell hisbadly as with the cry “Follow ” Rice Rice’s sword was shot from his hand as he courageously rushed to the lead of he courageously rushed to the lead his unit wounded behind the crumbling Confederate line. Rice’s unit, reduced to aofsingle his unit with the cry “Follow me boys.” Rice fell badly wounded behind the with the cry “Follow me boys.” Rice fell badly thin line, held its position until arrived. crumbling Confederate line. reinforcements Rice’s unit, reduced to a single thin line, held its wounded behind the crumbling Confederate line. Rice’s unit, reduced to a single position until reinforcements arrived. thin line, held its position until reinforcements arrived.

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Thomas o. seaver, class of 1859 Thomas class of of 1859 Thomaso.O.seaver, Seaver, Class 1859

Colonel, 3rd Vermont Infantry Cited for distinguished gallantry in action near Spottsylvania Court House, Colonel, 3rd 3rdVermont Vermont Infantry Virginia, Colonel, Infantry Cited 10 May 1864. Cited for distinguished for distinguished gallantrygallantry in action in near action near Spottsylvania Court House, Colonel Seaver the 3rd Vermont Spottsylvania Court led House, Virginia, 10 Virginia, 1864. the Confederate May 1864.10 May Regiment against salient at “Mule Shoe. Seaver ’s regiment, Colonel Seaver led Vermont Colonel Seaver led”the the3rd 3rd Vermont along with other Vermont units, Regiment against Confederate Regiment against the the Confederate salient salient “Mule ” Seaver ’s regiment, experienced “galling fire” as it breached at “Muleat Shoe. ” Shoe. Seaver ’s regiment, along alongConfederate withVermont otherline. Vermont units, with other units, experienced the Other Union experienced fire” as itConfederate breached “galling fire” as“galling itoffensive breached the units in the failed to assist the Other Confederate line. Other line. Unionbut units in the’s Union offensive the Vermonters, Seaver regiment units toinassist the the offensive failed to failed Vermonters, butassist Seaver tenaciously held its precarious position Vermonters, but Seaver ’s regiment ’sthe regiment tenaciously held its precarious until it until expended its ammunition tenaciously held its precarious positionand position it expended its ammunition received a written order to retreat. until it expended its ammunition and and received a written order to retreat. received a written order to retreat.

Edward B. Williston, of 1856 edward b. williston, classClass of 1856 edward b. williston, class of 1856 First Lieutenant, 2nd United States First Lieutenant, 2nd United States Artillery Artillery Cited for2nd distinguished First Lieutenant, United Statesgallantry Artillery Cited in forthe distinguished gallantry in theVirginia, action action at Trevelian Station, Cited for distinguished gallantry in the action at Trevelian Station, Virginia, 12 June 1864. 12 June 1864. at Trevelian Station, Virginia, 12 June 1864.

Lieutenant Williston won distinction while Lieutenant Lieutenant Williston won distinction Williston won distinction while while inofcommand of battery anbattery artillery battery in command an that in command of artillery an artillery thatjoined joined that joined in Confederate repulsing a infantry massed in repulsing a massed Confederate infantry in repulsing a massed Confederate infantry attack at Trevelian at Trevelian Station. thecrisis crisis of of attackattack at Trevelian Station. InInthe Station. In the heavy crisis musket of battle under and under fire,and Williston battlebattle and under heavy musket fire, Williston heavy musket fire, Williston managed to managed to deploy threeofofhis his artillery artillery managed to three deploy three deploy of his artillery pieces in an pieces in an effective position. He personally pieceseffective in an effective He personally position.position. He personally moved a moved a fourth artillery piece onto the battle fourth artillery piece ontoonto the the battle line moved fourth battle linea where heartillery remainedpiece firing double loads of whereheheremained remained firing double loads line where firing double loads of canister shot against an enemy who advanced of canister shot against an enemy who canister shot against an enemy advanced to the very muzzle of his guns.who advanced to the very muzzle of his guns. to the very muzzle of his guns. 149

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Captain, United States Marine Corps Cited for extraordinary heroism and eminent and hiram iddings bearss, classClass ofin1898 conspicuous conduct battle Hiram Iddings Bearss, of 1898 on Samar, Philippine Islands, 17 November Captain, UnitedUnited States States MarineMarine Corps1901. Cited Captain, Corps Cited for extraordinary and eminent for extraordinary heroism and eminent and of a Captain Bearss was heroism second-in-command and conspicuous conduct in battle onSamar, Samar, conspicuous conduct in battle on Marine force that assaulted what was regarded as Philippine Islands, 17 November 1901. Philippine Islands, 17Fillipino November 1901. stronghold, an impregnable Insurgent Captain Bearss was second-in-command fortified over a second-in-command three-year period, ofon Captain a the of a Bearss Marinewasforce that assaulted what summit of sheer cliffs above confluence Marine force that assaulted wasthe regarded as of was regarded as an what impregnable Fillipino the Cadacan and Sohoton Rivers. Crossing Insurgent stronghold, fortified over a three- the an impregnable Fillipino Insurgent stronghold, river under Bearss’ unit scaled thecliffs 200-foot year over period, on the summit of sheer fortified afire, three-year period, on the abovewith the bamboo confluence of thewhile Cadacan and cliffs ladders the defenders summit of sheer cliffs above the confluence of Sohotontons Rivers. stockpiled Crossing therocks riverover underthe fire, pushed the Cadacan and of Sohoton Crossing theedge of the precipice. Bearss and his Bearss’ unit scaled theRivers. 200-foot cliffs with persisted inwhile their assault and reached bamboo ladders defenders pushed the Summit where they overcame a river men under fire, Bearss’ unitthe scaled the 200-foot defense in hand-to-hand tons of stockpiled rockswhile over the edge of the cliffs fierce with bamboo ladders thecombat. defenders precipice. Bearss and his men persisted in their assault and reached the pushed tons of stockpiled rocks over the edge of the precipice. Bearss and his Summit where they overcame a fierce defense in hand-to-hand combat. men persisted in their assault and reached the Summit where they overcame a james M. class of of 1939 1939 M.inburt, Burt, Class fierce James defense hand-to-hand combat. Captain, United UnitedStates States Army, Armored Captain, Army, 2nd 2nd Armored Division Cited Citedforforintrepidity intrepidity disregard of Division and and disregard of james M. burt, class of 1939 personal Germany, personalsafety safetyininaction actionnear nearWurselen, Wurselen, Germany, 13 13 October 1944, duringthe theBattle BattleofofAachen AachenGap. Gap. October 1944, during Captain, United States Army, 2nd Armored tank DivisionCaptain CitedBurt for commanded intrepidity a aand disregard of was Captain Burt commanded tankcompany companythat that was part of a force deployed against a German personal safety in action near Wurselen, Germany, 13 part of a force deployed against a German garrison garrison tenaciously defending the City of Aachen. October 1944, of Aachen Gap. In and tenaciously defending the City ofdismounted Aachen. the first In the firstduring day ofthe theBattle battle Burt proceeded on battle foot, under heavy hostile volleys, to day of the Burt dismounted and proceeded Captain Burt commanded a tank company that was direct hisunder unit into position. Climbing aboard the on foot, heavy hostile volleys, to direct his unit part of force ofdeployed a German garrison reara deck his tankagainst he continued to direct the into position. Climbing aboard rear action, despite painful wounds to histhe face and neck. tenaciously defending the City of Aachen. In thedeck firstof his tank henext continued todismounted direct the action, despite painful For the nineBurt days, under severe fire, he held his day of the battle and proceeded wounds toheavy his Twice, face and neck. For the next nine force together. tanks he was riding in were on foot, under hostile volleys, to direct his unit days, knocked out of action. Captain Burt’stogether. unit inflicted prodigious destruction on under severe fire, he into held his force Twice, he riding in were position. Climbing aboardtanks theduring rearwas deck of the his the enemy he rescued comrades at greatinflicted personal peril one of knocked outand of action. Captain Burt’s unit prodigious destruction on the tank he continued to direct the action, despite painful most bitter local actions of the war. enemy and he rescued comrades at great personal peril during one of the wounds to his face and neck. For the next nine days, most local theforce war. together. 150 Twice, tanks he was riding in were underbitter severe fire,actions he heldofhis knocked out of action. Captain Burt’s unit 150 inflicted prodigious destruction on the

First FIRST GradUate GRADUATE

Alonzo Jackman, NU 1836, photographic portrait, circa 1855. Jackman

Alonzo 1836,the photographic portrait, circa University. 1855. Jackman has theJackman, distinctionNU of being first graduate of Norwich An has themathematician distinction of being first graduate of Norwich An able able and the scientist, Jackman’s teachingUniversity. career stretched mathematician and scientist, from the from the mid-1830’s until theJackman’s time of histeaching death incareer 1879. stretched During the Civil mid-1830’s until the time of his death in 1879. During Civil of War was War he was commissioned a Brigadier General of thethe militia thehe State commissioned BrigadierHall General of the of Vermont. aJackman carries hismilitia name.of the State of Vermont. Jackman Hall carries his name. 151

151

First aFricaN aMericaN GradUate FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN GRADUATE

Harold Martin Roslindale, Massachusetts “Doc” haroldDouglas douglas Martin Roslindale, Massachusetts “Doc” Harold Martin, NU Class Class of of 1920 1920distinguished distinguished himself himself asasanan Harold “Doc” “Doc” Martin, athlete, and soldier. He He played football, baseball, and hockey at NU, athlete,educator, educator, and soldier. played football, baseball, and hockey excelling as a running and defensive on the gridiron. Docgridiron. embarked at NU, excelling as aback running back andback defensive back on the on a coaching career Union University in Richmond, VA Doc embarkedand on teaching a coaching andatteaching career at Union University and Shaw University in Raleigh, NC before director athletics at in Richmond, VA and Shaw University inbecoming Raleigh, NC beforeofbecoming Virginia State in 1927. Earning a Master’s Degree in Physical Education from director of athletics at Virginia State in 1927. Earning a Master’s Degree NYU, becoming director of athletics at Virginia State in 1927. Earning a master in Physical Education from NYU, becoming director of athletics at ’s degree in Physical Education from NYU, Doc was appointed director of Virginia in 1927. Earning a master ’s degree in Physical Education health andState physical education at Miner Teachers College in Washington, D.C. Doc of while health and asphysical infrom 1932. NYU, He joined thewas Armyappointed Air Force indirector 1942, and, serving Director education at Miner Teachers College in Washington, D.C. in 1932. He of the Ground School at Tuskegee Air Field in Alabama, Major Harold Martin joined Army Air Force inflight 1942,onand, while serving Director NC. of was killedthe during a cross-country March 23, 1945 nearasReidsville, theis Ground at National TuskegeeCemetery. Air Field in Alabama, Major Harold He buried inSchool Arlington

Martin was killed during a cross-country flight on March 23, 1945 near Reidsville, NC. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. 152 152

NORWICH AND THE STATE OF VERMONT: THE MILITARY CONNECTION By Gary Lord

Norwich University recently celebrated the centennial anniversary of the Military College of Vermont, a status bestowed by the Vermont State Legislature on November 29, 1898. That legislative action was, in part, a reflection of the pride Vermonters shared in the prominent roles played by native sons in the recent war with Spain. Two Vermonters, both Norwich alumni, were the subjects of considerable public attention, Major Henry B. Hersey (NU ‘85) and Commodore George Dewey (NU ‘55). Hersey was the ranking major and drill master of the First Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, the “Rough Riders,” and Dewey presided over the destruction of the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay. In another sense, the designation of Norwich as Vermont’s Military College can be viewed simply as formal recognition of a role the University had assumed well before 1898. In fact, the military association between the State of Vermont and the University extended back to the formative years of the institution. The history of this relationship, both before and after 1898, is little understood and has yet to be studied in a comprehensive way. Here, only selected highlights of that venerable and multifaceted relationship can be noted. A fundamental conviction of Norwich’s founder, Alden Partridge, was the vital importance of a citizen-soldiery in sustaining a constitutional republic. Hence, the importance of military science as vital part of the comprehensive curriculum devised by Partridge. His expectation was that his students eventually would provide competent leadership as part of the officer corps of the national militia system. That expectation ultimately was realized in the various state militias. In Vermont, for example, Norwich-prepared officers typically served in many of the highest positions of the militia and later the National Guard - including the rank of adjutant general.

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The transformation of Captain Partridge’s American Literary, Scientific and Military Academy into Norwich University in 1834 was accomplished through a charter from the State of Vermont which required, in part, that the University offer “military instruction, both theoretical and practical.” Since University students were of militia age, they were enlisted by the early 1840’s as a light infantry company in the Vermont Militia. At this time the traditional “enrolled” militia was very much in decline in Vermont and throughout the United States. In an attempt to reinvigorate the militia, Alden Partridge held a series of conventions at Norwich, Vermont, which were attended principally by militia officers from Vermont and New Hampshire. Additionally, the Citizen Soldier, a newspaper dedicated to militia reform, was published at Norwich under the editorial supervision of Alonzo Jackman (NU ‘36) and Josiah Swett (NU ‘37). Despite these efforts, the compulsory enrolled militia was dissolved in 1844 and replaced by a volunteer system that did not become an effective organization until the next decade. A substantial strengthening of the Vermont Militia took place in the late 1850’s and much of the success of that process can be attributed to Alonzo Jackman, a member of the Norwich family. In 1857 he was appointed a captain of Vermont Militia infantry company organized within the Norwich Corps of Cadets. Two years later Jackman was advanced to the rank of brigadier general with responsibility for all of the units in the Vermont Militia. After the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, General Jackman took charge of all military training in the state receiving considerable assistance from Norwich cadets who served as drillmasters. In 1864 the Cadet Corps was briefly called into voluntary service because of the Confederate raid on St. Albans, Vermont. During the course of the Civil War many Norwich alumni served the Vermont military establishment in important capacities; no fewer than six, for example, became commanders of state regiments and they and other Norwich men did much to establish Vermont’s reputation as one of the mainstays of the Union Army. In 1870 the Norwich Corps of Cadets once again became an integral part of the Vermont Militia. The Corps was organized as a company of infantry along with an artillery battery that trained with the six-pound James cannons 154

that are still used for ceremonial purposes today. These units constituted an elite element of the militia and were under the command of the professor of military science and tactics at Norwich. At the end of each academic year Norwich Cadets went into encampment where they were inspected by officers acting for the Vermont National Guard. The Norwich units functioned as independent component of the Vermont Militia through the end of the century. By that time the term militia had been replaced by the designation “National Guard.” The 1898 legislation that accorded Norwich the status of the Military College of Vermont also conferred rank upon the faculty commensurate with their place in the academic hierarchy. Thus, the president of the university was assigned the rank of colonel and the faculty, after twenty years of service, could rise to the rank of lieutenant colonel. Rank with the Military College was held without provision for remuneration from the State of Vermont, as is still the case today. While the 1898 legislative provision for rank in the Military College of Vermont was amended subsequently on several occasions, it still provides the foundation for uniformed faculty and staff rank structure and explains why Norwich uniformed personnel continue to wear a hat device consisting of the coat of arms of Vermont and other insignia emblematic of a unique connection with the state. By 1910 the Norwich Corps of Cadets, still an active component of the Vermont National Guard, was reorganized to include a troop of cavalry, in addition to signal and engineering units. In 1914 the Corps was reconstituted entirely as a horse cavalry unit with the designation Squadron One, First Vermont Cavalry, a highly proficient unit that consistently earned superior ratings from Federal inspectors. Soon after the Reserve Officer Training Corps was created in 1916, Norwich joined that Federal program and necessarily withdrew the Corps of Cadets from its usual role in the National Guard. However, from 1922 until World War II a headquarters company of the 172nd Vermont National Guard Infantry Regiment was situated at Norwich. That unit consisted of Norwich students and faculty who voluntarily 155

participated in the state military program, but on their individual initiative. The Vermont State Legislature continued its commitment to the Military College by appropriating funds to assist in the construction, in the late 1920’s, of what is now called Plumley Armory. After a century since it gained legislative recognition, the Military College of Vermont continues to function and its uniformed faculty and staff still hold rank under its aegis. The color guard of the Corps of Cadets is the official color guard used by the state used for ceremonial occasions. Furthermore, Norwich alumni still play a leading role in the Vermont National Guard and about one hundred Norwich students serve the Vermont National Guard in armor, artillery and mountain infantry units on the Northfield campus and elsewhere...New linkages have been forged between Norwich and the State of Vermont...with the construction by the Vermont National Guard of an 8.5 million dollar facility on the Northfield campus. The focal point of the facility is an educational center that offers state-of-the-art computer simulations and worldwide communication linkages for those training to respond to domestic or international crises. This facility promises to be of inestimable value to the University and the Vermont National Guard as they continue a long and productive collaboration into the next century.

Norwich University Record, Winter, 1999

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the Norwich FLaG THE NORWICH FLAG

ColorGuard Guard Admiral Dewey Reception. on left, Color for for Admiral Dewey Reception. Irving Irving C. Ellis,C.onEllis, left, holds the holds theflag American flagF.and George F. Waugh, dressed a pre-civil American and George Waugh, dressed in a pre-civil warinNorwich drill war carries Norwich drill coat,flag. carries a University flag. TheinNorwich flag, coat, a University The Norwich flag, currently the University currentlyisinofthe University of itspecial interest. On it Museum, special interest.Museum, On one is side is embroidered withone theside words is embroidered theLadies wordsof“Presented Young of University, Norwich “Presented by the with Young Norwich toby thethe Cadets of Ladies Norwich to the Cadets of Norwich University, August, A.D., 1844. ” The other August, A.D., 1844. ” The other side displays an emblem emblazoned withside the motto “I’ll an Try.emblem ” displays emblazoned with the motto “I’ll Try.”

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NORWICH CADET’S CREED 1908 I believe that the cardinal virtues of the individual are courage, honesty, temperance and wisdom; and that the true measure of success is service rendered–to God, to Country, and to Mankind. I believe that the fundamental problem of society is to maintain a free government wherein liberty may be secured through obedience to law, and that a citizen soldiery is the corner-stone upon which such a government must rest. I believe that real education presupposes a sense of proportion in physical, mental, and moral development; and that he alone is educated who has learned the lessons of self control and open-mindedness. I believe in Norwich, my Alma Mater, because within her halls throughout the years these tenets have found expression while men have been taught to be loyal to duly constituted authority in thought and word and deed; to view suffrage as a sacred privilege to be exercised only in accordance with the dictates of conscience; to regard public office as a public trust; and finally to fight, and if need be to die, in defense of the cherished institutions of America.

- K.R.B. Flint, NU 1903

K.R.B. Flint, NU 1903, joined the Norwich faculty in 1907 and was associated with the University as a teacher, head of the Department of Social Sciences, and Professor Emeritus for sixty-two years thereafter. The University awarded Professor Flint an honorary degree of Doctor of Laws when he retired in 1952. Flint Hall is named in his honor.

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THE NORWICH DRESS UNIFORM By Gary Lord

When Capt. Alden Partridge prescribed a full dress uniform for the Corps of Cadets of the school he founded of Norwich, Vt., in 1819, he could draw upon the considerable expertise he had in such matters. Five years earlier, when acting in the capacity of superintendent of the U.S. Military Academy, Capt. Partridge introduced a dress gray uniform that was to become a classic design in military apparel. The coat of that uniform, with three rows of yellow gilt buttons, became the traditional dress of the West Point cadets and was copied by other military corps. In designing a dress uniform for his Vermont school, Partridge wished to array his cadets in military attire that was both distinctive and economical. The first Norwich dress uniform consisted of a dark blue coat with tails. A high standing collar reached to the tips of the ears. Three rows of “white” (pewter) spheroid “bullet” buttons adorned the chest of the short-waisted coat. Indeed the pewter bullet button became widely recognized as the most prominent distinguishing feature on the Norwich Corps of Cadets. Pantaloons of white cloth were authorized for summer wear; blue cloth for winter. Headgear consisted of a bell-crowned leather shako adorned with a plume and a metallic insignia in the form of an eagle. All of this reflected the conventions of military style that held sway during the Napoleonic Era. The skirted coat remained the standard for the Norwich dress uniform until 1897, but adjustments were made from time-to-time to the collar, tails and buttons. In the 1840’s gilt hollow-convex buttons stamped with an eagle, shield and the words “N.U. Cadets” replaced the bullet buttons. The “N.U.” on buttons was changed to “L.C.” between 1880 and 1884 when Norwich was temporarily renamed Lewis College. Russian shoulder knots were authorized for officer ’s coats starting in 1874. The bell-crowned shako was also modified and finally replaced in the 1880’s by a Prussian style spiked helmet on the U.S. Army pattern. 159

Norwich faculty wore a motley assortment of uniforms until 1874 when the university prescribed the staff uniform of the U.S. Army, but with Vermont insignia. After the Vermont State Legislature recognized the University as the Military College of Vermont in 1898, the faculty were accorded rank commensurate with their academic status. Another major shift in the cadet dress uniform occurred in 1897 when the Norwich Corps abandoned the old dress coat and adopted the new style blouse worn by U.S. Army officers. The new blue tunic was buttonless and had a high standing collar. The Army forage cap also became part of the Norwich uniform. In 1928, when Capt. Ernest N. Harmon, NU ‘16 was serving as professor of military science, a coat replaced the snug-fitting blue tunic with a more comfortable v-neck and roll collar following the U.S. Army standard, but was fitted with metal buttons embossed with the Norwich University seal. Use of dress blue uniform appears to have been discontinued during World War II. In the late 1940’s and early 1950’s the parade uniform consisted of dark green blouse and trousers. Cadet officers wore lighter colored trousers with their blouses-a combination commonly called “pinks and greens.” In the 1956-57 academic year the Corps of Cadets made the transition to the new Army green (shade #44) uniform. A revival of the dress blue uniform occurred in 1961 when the Corps was issued Army dress blues. The application of yellow stripes on trouser legs and of cavalry chevrons on the sleeves of this uniform served as a reminder of the distinguished horse cavalry tradition that ended at Norwich just after the conclusion of World War II. By the mid 1980’s the time was ripe for fundamental changes in Norwich uniforms. The Army branch of the Reserve Officer Training Corps was the only branch of ROTC operating on campus from 1916 until the early 1970’s when it was joined by the Air Force and about a decade later by the Navy. It no longer seemed appropriate for the corps to be arrayed in what was largely U.S. Army attire. 160

In an effort to develop a distinctive Norwich uniform look, a dress blue uniform was introduced during the 1985-86 academic year that drew upon old traditions. A blue tunic was adopted that is very much like the tunics used at Norwich during the period from 1897 to 1927. Yellow piping on the tunic and yellow stripes on the trousers are suggestive of the old tradition of horse cavalry uniforms. The current Class A dress gray uniform with high collared tunic and black trimmings, a generic cadet uniform used at many military schools, was first worn at Norwich during the 1986-87 academic year. The decision to adopt a full-dress blue uniform with bullet buttons and a “tar bucket” shako gives the Corps a dramatic new look on parade and on other ceremonial occasions, but the transition is actually a return to a venerable and distinctive Norwich tradition. Norwich University Record, Fall, 1966, p.10

CAVALRY AT NORWICH Although Norwich University has maintained a kinship with its cavalry heritage, it has been a misconception that NU has always been an old cavalry school. Originally, Norwich was an artillery-oriented Corps of Cadets. It was not until 1909 that cavalry training was introduced to the Corps of Cadets. The training in horsemanship was actually informally conducted by CPT Leslie A. I. Chapman. CPT Chapman was the Professor of Military Science and Tactics, and the first cavalry officer assigned to Norwich by the War Department. It did not take much time before this informal training developed a troop of cavalry. Under CPT Frank Tompkins, the successor to CPT Chapman, cavalry drill was instituted as a part of military training at Norwich. Cavalry drill was not the only formal training provided at NU. By 1910 Infantry, Artillery and Signal Drill were included in the standard military instruction provided.

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In the theyears yearsof of 1911 significant changes in thestructure Corps In 1911 andand 1913,1913, significant changes in the Corps structure resulted in the to aCorps cavalry based Corps of Cadets. resulted in the transition to atransition cavalry based of Cadets. On January 1, 1911 the change 1, in the structure of the Corpsinoccurred. Before the changes, the Onfirst January 1911 the first change the structure of the Corps Corps of Cadets hadthe been comprised of a battery of artillery andcomprised a company occurred. Before changes, the Corps of Cadets had been ofofsignal corps,oftheartillery changesand resulted in a transition to acorps, squadron cavalry a battery a company of signal the of changes comprised of only two troops a companyofofcavalry signal corps. On December resulted in a transition toand a squadron comprised of only1, 1913 date and of the disbandment of Company theDecember cadet Signal was two the troops a company of signal corps. A,On 1, Corps 1913 the replaced more troops of ThisA, change made Signal the Corps of Cadets date of by thetwo disbandment of cavalry. Company the cadet Corps was one squadron of cavalry consisting of four troops. Thus was born First replaced by two more troops of cavalry. This change made thethe Corps Squadron of the First Vermont Cavalry; a component of the National Guard of Cadets one squadron of cavalry consisting of four troops. Thus was at Norwich University. In his book “The History of Norwich University 1912born the First Squadron of the First Vermont Cavalry; a component of 1965,” Guinn stated, “The University has been designated as a cavalry unit of theReserve National GuardTraining at Norwich In hisIt book Historyof the Officers’ CorpsUniversity. Senior Division. has the“The distinction of Norwich 1912-1965, ” Guinn stated, in “The University has being the only University exclusive cavalry institution of learning the United States. ” been designated as a cavalry unit of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Senior Division. It has the distinction of being the only exclusive cavalry institution of learning in the United States.” 162

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On September 20, 1950, the Corps of Cadets was reorganized under On September 20, 1950, the Corps of Cadets was reorganized under the the Commandant, COL Briard F. Johnson, USA Armor. The change Commandant, COL Briard F. Johnson, USA Armor. The change designated designated the Corps as a regiment rather than a squadron. This change the Corps as a regiment rather than a squadron. This change was needed to was needed to growing adjust tosize theofgrowing size of the Corps. adjust to the the Corps.

To this day, NU has remained true to the cavalry traditions. This To this day, NU has remained true to the cavalry traditions. This cavalry cavalry kinship can be seen in the crossed sabres worn on the Norwich kinship can be seen in the crossed sabres worn on the Norwich grey tunic and grey andB blue tunic. Class uniform. Norwich cLass riNGs

The Norwich class ringNORWICH is presentedCLASS to theRINGS Junior Class members of the Corps of Cadets at the Junior Ring Ceremony. The Norwich ring Norwich ring is presented the Junior is the The most prized class possession of a Cadetto and much Class effortmembers goes intoof the Corps the of Cadets the Junior Ceremony. The Norwich ring is earning right toat wear it. TheRing Norwich ring tradition harkens tothe themost prized possession of a Cadet and much effort goes into earning the right to spring of 1923 when the senior class purchased a class ring for each wear it. The Norwich ring tradition harkens to the spring of 1923 when the member of the class who would graduate in June. It was their hope that senior class purchased a class ring for each member of the class who would each class would follow precedent the class of 1923. graduate in June. It wasthe their hope thatofeach class would follow the precedent of the class Over time,of 1923. the process of ring design and presentation shifted to theOver junior class. It was not until the mid-1960s that a policy for time, the process of ring design and presentation shifted to the junior standardization thethe ringmid-1960s design was Accordingly, eachof class class. It was notof until thatadopted. a policy for standardization the ring is design permitted to designAccordingly, one side ofeach the class ring.is The opposite side of was adopted. permitted to design onethe side of class ring conform tothe a University the ring. Themust opposite side of class ring must standardtoin the interest of maintaining conform a University standard in the interest 1 distinctive tradition. 5 ofa maintaining a distinctive tradition.

Every onside: one side: Every ring ring bearsbears on one

2 6 3 4

TheEagle: Eagle:surmounted surmountedonon the Norwich 1.1.The the Norwich shield, shield, symbolic of and strength andincourage symbolic of strength courage its depiction its depiction ofand bothasour and as ofinboth our school ourschool national symbol. our national symbol.

2. The Honor Scroll: superimposed upon the 2. The Honor superimposed talons of the eagle Scroll: stands for the fundamental upon theoftalons of the eagle stands for attributes character.

the fundamental attributes of character. 163 163

Honor is the virtue, which impels loyalty and courage, truthfulness and selfrespect, justice and generosity. If a cadet is true in thought, word and deed, there is no question about his meeting the standards of the Corps of Cadets. 3. NUCC Scroll: flows on either side of the shield, distinguishing those who wear the ring as members of the Corps of Cadets. 4. Norwich Shield: depicts a cannon and an engineer’s transit in the foreground of a mountain range, with the rays of the morning sun rising above it. The cannon represents the military heritage of the institution and the engineer ’s transit represents our academic mission. Finally, the rising sun over the Green Mountains represents the light of knowledge illuminating “The Hill.” The numerals 1819, hallmark the founding date of the University. 5. Cavalry Sabers: flanking either side of the shield, they represent our kinship with Vermont’s First Cavalry Regiment. Today Cadet Officers wear sabers in lieu of carrying a rifle. 6. “I Will Try” Scroll: conveys the spirit of Norwich University and its motto “I Will Try.” It is customary until graduation for cadets to wear the rings so that the wearer most easily sees the Class Crest. After graduation the ring is reversed so that the Norwich University crest is the one nearer the heart.

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UNiForM Patch UNIFORM shoULder SHOULDER PATCH During waswas held to design a new During 1961-62 1961-62academic academicyear yeara competition a competition held to design a shoulder patch for thefor cadet The contest openwas to open all members new shoulder patch theuniform. cadet uniform. The was contest to all ofmembers the Corps. submitted as many entries desired to the of to the ofCadets the Corps. Cadets submitted asas many entries asOffice desired Commandant. were to be drawn in color, with noinrestrictions the Office of Entries the Commandant. Entries were to toscale be drawn color, to asscale to the geometric shape. The design was to immediately be design recognized with no restrictions as to the geometric shape. The was as to a Norwich insignia. A $50.00 incentive was offered.

immediately be recognized as a Norwich insignia. A $50.00 incentive

offered. wasThe winning patch was designed by Cadet Martin J. Suydam, ‘65 a Mathematics majorpatch fromwas Montclair, New he was a freshman. The winning designed byJersey Cadetwhen Martin J. Suydam, ‘65 Cadet Suydam rose to the rank of Cadet Colonel and was a very active member a Mathematics major from Montclair, New Jersey when he was a of the Corps involved in Color Guard, Mountain and Cold Weather Training, freshman. Cadet Suydam rose to the rank of Cadet Colonel and was a Rescue Team and Association of the United States Army. Cadet Suydam also very active member of the Corps involved in shoulder Color Guard, designed the current Mountain and Cold Weather patch.Mountain and Cold Weather Training, Rescue Team and Association of the United States Army. Cadet Suydam also designed the current Mountain and Cold Weather shoulder patch. 165

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Norwich device NORWICH cover COVER DEVICE The also known as cover brass, says says muchmuch about The Norwich Norwichcover coverdevice, device, also known as cover brass, the history tradition Norwich University. TheUniversity. shield depicts cannon about theand history andoftradition of Norwich Thea shield and an engineer ’s transit foreground of a mountain with theoffirst depicts a cannon and inantheengineer ’s transit in the range, foreground a rays of the morning sun rising above represents the military mountain range, with the first raysit.ofThe thecannon morning sun rising above heritage the institution andthe the military engineer’sheritage transit represents our academic it. The of cannon represents of the institution and mission. Finally, ’sthetransit rising represents sun over the Mountains represents the the engineer ourGreen academic mission. Finally, light of knowledge illuminating on “The Hill. ” The shield is surmounted the rising sun over the Green Mountains represents the light ofby the National Eagle clutching a banner with the letters R.O.T.C. upon it. This knowledge illuminating on “The Hill.” The shield is surmounted by banner commemorates Norwich as one of the birthplaces of the American the National Eagle clutching a banner with the letters R.O.T.C. upon Citizen Soldier philosophy. Three scrolls adorn the bottom of the device. The it. This“Cavalry banner commemorates as one of the birthplaces of the second, Unit”, recalls ourNorwich distinctive cavalry heritage and the past American Citizen Soldier philosophy. Three scrolls adorn thethird bottom service of our graduates as cavalry, and later, armor officers. The scroll of the“Norwich device. The second,” “Cavalry Unit”, recalls our distinctive cavalry reads, University.

heritage and the past service of our graduates as cavalry, and later, armor officers. The third scroll reads, “Norwich University.” 166

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APPRECIATIONS

“The splendid thing about Norwich is that she has always kept the faith.” – General Leonard Wood

“Prepared to fulfill the sacred duty of defending their country’s honor through the highly efficient course of instruction in military science which Norwich provides, they answered the call in 1917 with a patriotism inspired by the achievements of Norwich men in previous wars. The duties they performed and the manner of their accomplishment added another splendid chapter to the history of their Alma Mater.” – General John J. Pershing

“The contribution of the graduates of Norwich to the Yankee Division was of the best. Excellent officers, splendid troop leaders; everywhere they went they made their mark.” – Major General Clarence A. Edwards

“In the real sense he (Captain Partridge) gave to the country, in an hour of greatest need, thousands of young men, trained in the military and civil fields, thoroughly grounded in the fundamental essentials of complete citizenship and sound leadership.” – General Dwight D. Eisenhower

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“For 175 years, Norwich has stood at proud attention, true to

“For 175 years, Norwich stood at proud attention, true to its principles, its principles, true tohas Partridge’s profound understanding that a true to Partridge’s understanding that a country dedicated to its country dedicatedprofound to its principles of democracy and personal freedom principles of democracy and personal freedom needs citizens whose education needs citizens whose education prepares them to be moral, patriotic, prepares them to be moral, patriotic, efficient, and useful members of their efficient, and useful members of their communities, ready to assume communities, ready to assume the heavy responsibilities of leadership and the heavy responsibilities of leadership and aware thatifAmericans aware that Americans can only preserve their freedom they acceptcan the only preserve their they obligation to serve the freedom common if good. ” accept the obligation to serve the

common good.”

– Major General W. Russell Todd, USA (Ref.), ‘50

– Major General W. Russell Todd, USA (Ref.), ‘50

“Norwich University is a unique place. The leadership of Norwich a vision “Norwich University is a unique place. The leadership ofhas Norwich and it is a vision to continue preparing leaders to lead this great country. Men has a vision and it is a vision to continue preparing leaders to lead this and women leading America, in uniform and out of uniform. That is what it’s great country. Men and women leading America, in uniform and out of all about.”

uniform. That is what it’s all about.”

– General Gordon R. Sullivan, USA (Ret) ‘59

– General Gordon R. Sullivan, USA (Ret) ‘59

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CORPS SONGS

The Star-Spangled Banner Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn’s early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright star, thro’ the perilous fight, O’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro’ the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say, does that Star-Spangled Banner yet wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave? On the shore dimly seen thro’ the mists of the deep, Where the foe’s haughty host in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, o’er the towering steep, As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the morning’s first beam, In full glory reflected now shines in the stream: ‘Tis the Star-Spangled Banner: oh long may it wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave. Oh, thus be it e’er, when free-men shall stand Between their loved home and war’s desolation; Blest with vict’ry and peace, may the heav’n rescued land Praise the Pow’r that hath made and preserved us a nation! Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just; And this be our motto: “In God is our trust!” And the Star-Spangled Banner in triumph shall wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave!,

Words: Francis Scott Key Tune: To Anacreon in Heaven 169

NORWICH FOREVER

Norwich forever, queen of the hills, When far from thee, still memory thrills recalling Scenes and old friendship, songs and old cheers, Memories that fade not through the changing years. Norwich forever, through rain and shine, Sunset and dawning, still we are thine and in Defeat or in victory we shall acclaim Thy dauntless spirit and thy deathless name. Norwich, forever, hail, hail to thee, Bright is thy glory, won in the long years and we Pledge thee our future, thee to adore Till in the skies the stars shall burn no more.

Words: Arthur Wallace Peach Tune: True Blue

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NORWICH HYMN We hail thee, Alma Mater fair, Beneath thy northern sky, And sing thy praise as have thy sons Through all the years gone by. We shall keep bright, though far we roam On life’s unchartered ways, The memory of comrades old And good old Norwich days. And in defeat or victory Our pledge we shall renew To steadfast stand, through weal or woe, For love of old N. U. Words by Arthur Wallace Peach Music by John I. Twombly, ‘24

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CORPS SLANG

AAR

After Action Review

AC

Assistant Commandant

APOD

Absent Place of Duty

ASAP

As soon as possible

CLBC

Cadet Leader Basic Course – Second year cadet training

CADRE

Cadet leader assigned to train in a Rook training unit

CAM

Corporal Academic Mentor

CC

Campus Confinement – Disciplinary sanction requiring cadet to remain on campus

CHC

Corps Honor Committee

CIVIES

Civilian clothing

CMC

Closed Military Confinement – Disciplinary sanction requiring cadet to remain in barracks room when off duty

CO

Commanding Officer; also Commandant’s Orderly

COB

Close of Business

COC

Chain of Command

CSM

Command Sergeant Major

D&C

Drill and Ceremony

DAF

Disciplinary Action Form

DS

Detached Service – Authorization to miss classes or training for a University sanctioned event

DT

Disciplinary Tours

FAT

Friday Afternoon Training – Period from 1600-1700 172

FTX

Field Training Exercise

IAW

In Accordance With

IG

Inspector General

MCV

Military College of Vermont

MARCHING TOUR - Fifty minutes of marching with a rifle on the tour strip NCO

Non-Commissioned Officer

NUCC

Norwich University Corps of Cadets

NUEMS NU Emergency Medical Services NUSRR

NU Student Rules and Regulations

OML

Order of Merit List – Numerical standing of a cadet by class

PAO

Public Affairs Officer

PL

Platoon Leader

PT

Physical Training

PFT

Physical Fitness Test

PSG

Platoon Sergeant

RACK

Your bed

RDO

Regimental Duty Officer – In charge of the Interior Guard

RDR

Regimental Duty Runner

RDS

Regimental Duty Sergeant

ROOK

First year cadet not recognized into the NUCC

SADO

Student Affairs Duty

SL

Squad Leader

SMC

Senior Military College

SMT

Saturday Morning Training – Period from 0700-0900

SOP

Standard Operating Procedures

STT

Sergeant’s Training 173

TAT

Tuesday Afternoon Training – Period from 1300-1350

TOUR STRIP Asphalt strip at north end of UP by the flag pole WORKING TOUR Fifty minutes of supervised work at an

authorized location

UMR

Unit Manning Report – List of every member of a unit

UNDER ARMS Carrying a rifle, saber or sword UNSAT

Performance not meeting standards; unsatisfactory

UOD

Uniform of the Day – Required uniform for cadets to wear

UP

Upper Parade Ground

VAP

Violation of the Alcohol Policy

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SOCIAL STANDARDS Social behavior and conduct of Norwich University Cadets have been and will continue to be of the highest standard. All Cadets will maintain exemplary standards of conduct and decorum in addition to developing and practicing all skills commonly associated with gentlemanly or ladylike behavior. Respect the authority of those appointed above you. Be businesslike. Learn the standards and always “adhere to the book.” No orders, no letters, no insignia of rank can appoint you as leaders. Leadership is an intangible thing; leaders are made, they are not born. Leadership is developed within yourself. All cadets are part of a long line of Norwich University men and women of integrity, competence, and determination. The life of a cadet is rewarding and stimulating for those individuals who are adapted by their convictions and their talents for its requirements. It is an exacting life with its own cherished code, demanding challenges, and rewards. The future of our nation requires and demands that a sufficient number of splendidly qualified high school students elect to pursue the lifelong task of developing leadership.

BASIC ETIQUETTE 1. Introductions: Man to woman, junior to senior, young to old. 2. Opening Doors: Man for woman, junior for senior, young for old. 3. Offering Your Arm: Men in uniform offer only when assistance is required or on formal occasions. 4. Invitations: RSVP - You must respond within 48 hours whether you are going to attend or not. 5. Thank You Notes: Must be mailed within 48 hours following the event. 6. Keeping Quiet: Don’t speak when others are speaking, especially at lectures or briefings.

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7. Telephone: If you are called - identify yourself; speak slowly and clearly. When referring a call - ask “May I tell him/her who’s calling?” 8. Gum Chewing: Never in uniform. 9. Tobacco Products: Never in formation. See NUSRR CH 3.

BASIC DINING ETIQUETTE 1. The man first seats the lady to his right. If no one has seated the lady to his left, he then seats her as well. 2. Say blessing/grace before touching anything on the table. 3. Place napkin in lap. 4. Use utensils from outside to inside. 5. Take small mouthfuls. 6. Talk only when mouth is empty. 7. Do not slurp, blow on hot liquids, or smack lips. 8. Use napkin to dab lips. 9. Divide attention between dinner partners. 10. Once a utensil has been used, it never touches the table or tablecloth again. It rests on your plate. 11. When finished dining, place utensils on the plate next to each other diagonally across the plate.

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RECEIVING LINES 1. Receiving lines are a duty, not an option! 2.

Introduction of Guests: While waiting in line, the guest will be to the right of the cadet. All guests will precede you through the line. Place yourself next to the aide or protocol officer and state the name of each guest, clearly. Then state your own name and follow your guest through the line.

3. Order of Guests: First – Mother then Father. Second – Grandmother then Grandfather. Third – Sister then her spouse/ date. Fourth – Brother preceded by his spouse/date. Last – Your date then you. 4. Handshakes: Firm but gentle. It is both awkward and rude to have drinks in your hand when you proceed through the reception line. 5. Make eye contact with each person in the receiving line as you are shaking his/her hand. Move promptly along. No long discussions. Short, polite greetings.

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PERSONAL APPEARANCE - CIVILIAN ATTIRE 1. Men:

a. Casual: Collared shirt and slacks.



b. Informal: Coat and tie (suit after 6:00 p.m.).



c. Formal: Black tie after 6:00 p.m.

2. Women:

a. Casual: Slacks and coordinating top or street dress (skirt or dress).



b. Informal: Daytime - Nice street dress. After 6:00 p.m. - a little dressier, but not a cocktail dress.



c. Formal: Long, tea length or short formal in appropriate fabric and style.

Note: Shorts are worn only at the invitation of the host.

SOCIAL CORRESPONDENCE 1.

Written responses are required when one receives formal invitations and RSVP is stated, notes or letters. In addition, thanking a host and hostess for their hospitality or a response of condolences should be in writing. Write on quality paper, and as neatly as possible.

2.

Before writing consider your choice of words, who will be reading the letter and how the individual will interpret your words. Do not write a letter while angered since it may cause regret or embarrassment later. Remember, letters are permanent forms of correspondence.

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Example Dinner Invitation Colonel and Mrs. George Brown request the pleasure of the company of Cadet Robert Washington at dinner on Saturday, the fourteenth of September at six o’clock RSVP

3.

R.S.V.P. means please reply. It originated from the French expression “Respondez s’il vous plait” and when replying answer the invitation by repeating pertinent information found in the invitation itself. RSVPs should be answered within 24 hours.

Example Regret Response

Cadet Roger Smith regrets that because of a previous engagement he will be unable to accept the very kind invitation of Colonel and Mrs. William J. Bradford for Friday, the twenty-third of August

4. Follow the format of the invitation and handwrite it in ink. Be sure to repeat the time and date of the invitation.

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5. Informal invitations are sent for occasions such as cocktail parties, teas, receptions, or informal dinners. 6.

When one receives an “RSVP Regrets Only” or “Regrets Only” one must notify the host/hostess if one is not going to be in attendance. If one intends to attend no reply is necessary. If the RSVP Regrets Only invitation has a phone number following it simply means to call rather than write for declines only. In a case where RSVP appears with a phone number one must call the host/ hostess with a decision to accept or decline. In either case one should contact the host/hostess as soon as possible and usually within 24 hours.



After having accepted an invitation and attending the function, it is appropriate to send a thank you note. Thank you or regret notices can be written neatly on conservative, high quality stationary or note cards for informal functions.

Example Thank You Note

Dear Mrs. Harmon, Thank you for an enjoyable evening and delicious dinner. A home cooked meal really hit the spot. Being a Rook at Norwich, I do not receive many invitations for dinner or go off campus often. I greatly appreciate the change of pace. Again, thank you for your kindness and hospitality. Sincerely, Cadet Joseph Banatz

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RELATIONSHIP WITH YOUR SUPERIORS In most cases upper class cadets will be older in years. Treat them honorably and respectfully when they are not present as well as when you are face to face with them. Understand their mission and responsibilities, for your own will be a fraction of the total. Your commander ’s success and that of your unit depends, in part, upon the results of your work. Teamwork means harmonious effort with all members of the organization - not just the “boss.” Keep your chain of command informed. Give them the information needed as to your own progress and give it straight, clear, and on time. Don’t conceal bad news, or try to slip it past. Don’t embellish the good news. Your leader needs essential facts for their own planning and for the coordination with other subordinates. There are few furies equal to that of a cadet leader who makes a wrong decision that was based with logic upon incorrect or misleading reports from a subordinate. Your cadet leaders are human, to the same degree as your Rook Buddies. Be attuned to and understand the personality of the person for whom you work. Some leaders issue broad, mission type orders and encourage subordinates to exercise considerable latitude as to the method of execution. Others give detailed instructions that they wish followed meticulously. Recognize the differences in leadership style. Learn what your leader wants and conform to it. Engrave in your mind: you are a part of his or her team, not he or she of yours. Be part of the team.

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NOTES

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NOTES

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INFORMATION

NAME SQD

PLT

ROOM

CO

BN

PHONE

MAILBOX # COMMANDANT BN CMDT REG CDR REG CSM BN CDR BN CSM CO CDR CO lSG PLT LDR

PSGT

SQD LDR

ASST

ACADEMIC ADVISOR ROOMMATE ROOMMATE ROOMMATE 184

NORWICH UNIVERSITY

The Military College of the State of Vermont Founded 1819 • Incorporated 1834

Courses leading to the degree of Bachelor of Architecture, Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Commissions leading to military service in the United States Army, Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force. Military instruction, practice and discipline are required for all cadets throughout their military stay in college, in faith, that a citizen is not fully equipped for his duty to the State unless he is trained for service in its defense as well as for its up-building. The story of our nation’s struggle for existence justifies this faith. The achievements of Norwich graduates attest sufficiently the efficacy of this system of instruction. ********************* “The liberties of Rome were safe while military information was generally diffused and every Roman citizen considered and felt himself a soldier.” Captain Alden Partridge Founder of Norwich University.

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