NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CORPORATION

“THE WORLD’S LARGEST OPEN FACE GRANITE QUARRY”

CURB & ASHLAR • SPECIALIZING IN • STREET CURBING • PRIVATE RESIDENCE • • • •

LANDSCAPING GRANITE PAVING RETAINING WALLS STEPS

“NO JOB TOO SMALL”

www.ncgranite.com

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GRANITE CURBING Traffic control for the protection of motorists and pedestrians has increased proportionately with the increase of motor traffic. Granite curbing permits highway designers and engineers to combine safety, appearance and economy in the scheme of modern highways and streets. Years of use and evaluation have shown that curbing is as important and as necessary as the pavement itself. The permanence of granite curb vividly reflects and exactly defines, under all types of driving conditions, the channel through which the traffic flows; thereby providing maximum safety and appreciably decreasing accident rates. Granite curbing will endure the ever increasing battering from more and heavier traffic. It is not affected by temperature extremes or from the constant use of salts or other chemicals used for snow and ice removal. Although snow plows could have a detrimental effect, the damage to granite curb is not nearly as severe as with other curbing material. North Carolina Granite Corporation has the most modern facilities for producing and shipping large quantities of curbing to meet the most demanding project schedules. Inquiries regarding any proposed use of granite, whether conventional or innovative, is welcomed.

SPECIFICATION FOR GRANITE CURB These specification are intended to provide standardization based on practices deemed to be acceptable from the standpoint of appearance, durability, and safety. N.C. Granite does not recommend or endorse any modification which would result in these minimal specification not being maintained on a particular project.

1. GENERAL 1.1 SHOP DRAWINGS: The granite supplier shall submit, if required, copies of all necessary shop drawings to the designers for approval. These drawings shall show geometrical sections; tolerances for top, face, ends, and back; finishes for each face; site locations with radii and degree of radii and approximate lengths. Anchoring details and locations shall be shown for bridge curbing. No final cutting or finishing shall be done until the shop drawings are approved and returned to the supplier. The granite curb supplier shall not be responsible for determining, making or verifying 1) engineering estimates; 2) plans or specification; 3) field measurements; 4) sizes or types of anchors for bridge curbing.

1.2 DEFECTIVE WORK: Any piece of granite showing flaws or imperfections upon receipt at the storage yard or job site, shall be referred to the designer for determination as to responsibility and decision as to whether it shall be rejected, patched, or redressed for use. If rejected, the supplier shall replace said curbstones at no charge to the contractor. Likewise, no back charges shall be made by the contractor without prior notification to the supplier.

1.3 SITE CUTTING: Curbstones are generally supplied in random lengths and require cutting for length adjustment of closure pieces. Granite curb supplier shall not be held responsible for field trim work. GRANITE CURBING LOADED FOR SHIPMENT TO CUSTOMER

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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2. MATERIALS 2.1 GRANITE: Stone curb shall be granite. The granite shall be sound and durable, free from seams which impair its structural integrity, and of a smooth splitting and machining character. Natural color variations that are characteristic of the deposit will be permitted.

2.2 MORTAR: Mortar for pointing joints shall be composed of equal parts of cement and clean sand with sufficient water to make a workable mixture. The material shall conform to the requirements of A.S.T.M. C-91 and C-144.

2.3 ANCHOR/DOWEL HOLES: Anchor holes are provided at no additional cost if the curb is specified as bridge curb. Holes are normally drilled in the back of the curb, minimum of two (2) holes per stone; pitched downward on approximately forty-five (45) degrees, three (3) inches deep, at least three (3) inches from the top, and twelve (12) inches from each end.

2.2 MORTAR: Mortar for pointing joints shall be composed of equal parts of cement and clean sand with sufficient water to make a workable mixture. The material shall conform to the requirements of A.S.T.M. C-91 and C-144.

2.3 ANCHOR/DOWEL HOLES: Anchor holes are provided at no additional cost if the curb is specified as bridge curb. Holes are normally drilled in the back of the curb, minimum of two (2) holes per stone; pitched downward on approximately forty-five (45) degrees, three (3) inches deep, at least three (3) inches from the top, and twelve (12) inches from each end.

2.4 ANCHOR/DOWEL HOLES: Quality of metal shall be at the discretion of the designer. It is suggested that stainless steel, galvanized, or other nonferrous metal be used.

2.5 PROTECTON: The contractor shall protect the curbstones and keep them in first-class condition until completion of the entire contract. When placing concrete behind the curbstones, and after pointing of joints, curbstone shall be satisfactorily cleaned of all excess mortar. Particular care must be exercised to prevent discoloration of exposed surface.

DIMENSIONS 3.1

WIDTH

This dimension shall be stated as the net measurement from the front arris line to the back arris line. Normal widths begin at four (4) inches with increments every inch. The front arris line shall be straight and true with no variation greater than one-eighth (1/8) inch measured from a two (2) foot straightedge placed along the front arris line. Back arris lines shall be straight and true with no variation greater than one-fourth (1/4) inch measured in the same manner.

3.2

DEPTH

This dimension shall be stated as the measurement from the top front arris line to the bottom front arris line. Highway curbs shall have a tolerance of plus or minus one inch and bridge curbs shall have a tolerance of plus or minus one-fourth (1/4) inch.

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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3.3 LENGTH: Minimum lengths of straight segments of sloped curb shall be two (2) feet. All other straight curb types shall have three (3) feet minimum lengths. Generally, curb segments on curves with radii of one hundred (100) feet or less shall be shaped to the required curvature and the ends cut on radial lines. Curves of over one hundred (100) feet radii shall use straight curb segments.

4.

FINISHES:

4.1 TOP: Generally, top surfaces shall be sawed to an approximate true plane with no projection or depressions greater than one-eighth (1/8) inches. Saw marks normal to the sawing process will be permitted if within the one-eighth (1/8) inch tolerance. Other finishes are available, such as thermal or hammered. See definitions for description.

4.2 FACE: Generally, front face shall be specified as either sawed or split. Split Face: Vertical face curb shall be at right angles to the plane of the top and shall be smooth quarry split with no projection greater than three-fourth (3/4) inch or depression greater than one-half (1/2) inch down to grade line, measured from the vertical plane of the face through the top arris line. Remaining distance below grade line shall have no projection or depression greater than one (1) inch. Batter face curb shall be finished to the same tolerances and method of measurement shall be on a plane parallel to the slope of the batter. Sawn Face: Vertical face curb shall be at right angles to the plane of the top and shall be sawed to an approximately true plane with no projections or depressions greater than one-eight (1/8) inch to grade line. Below grade line shall have no projection or depression greater than (1) inch. Batter face curb shall be finished to same tolerances and method of measurement shall be on a plane parallel to the slope of the batter. Saw marks normal to the sawing process will be permitted if within the one-eighth (1/8) inch tolerance. Other face finishes, such as thermal or hammered are available. See definitions for tolerances.

4.3 BACK: Back surfaces shall be parallel to the face and have no projections or depressions which exceed a batter of one inch in three (1 in 3) inches for a distance of four (4) inches from the top. Dressed back surfaces shall have no projection or depression greater than one-fourth (1/4) inch for a distance of four (4) inches down. Remainder of the back of face shall have no projection or depression that shall exceed a batter of one inch in three (1 in 3) inches.

4.4 ENDS: Ends of curbs at joints shall be approximately square with the planes of the exposed curb faces and shall be sawed or hand trimmed so that when curbs are set, no space greater than three-fourths (3/4) inch shall show in the joints for the full width and length of the exposed joint. The curb ends behind the joint and the ends below grade line will be allowed to break back for the plane of the joint. Below grade shall not break back over eight (8) inches and back joint shall not be over four (4) inches wide. Bridge curbs shall have full face joints but will be allowed to have a four (4) inch back face joint.

5.

SHIPPING AND HANDLING:

5.1 PACKING AND LOADING: Finished granite curb shall be carefully loaded for shipment using all reasonable and customary precautions against damage in transit. No material which may cause staining or discoloration shall be used for blocking or packing.

5.2 SITE STORAGE: Upon receipt at the site or storage yard, the granite shall be stacked on timbers or platforms at least four (4) inches above the ground, and care shall be taken to prevent staining during storage. If storage is to be for a prolonged period, polyethylene or other suitable plastic film shall be placed between any wood and finished surfaces, and shall be used also as an overall protective covering. Dowel holes in bridge curb shall be plugged during freezing weather to prevent the accumulation of water.

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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6. APPLICATION/INSTALLATION: North Carolina Granite finds the installation techniques vary greatly due to the inconsistency of the soil in grass lined suburban streets to the rigid pavements and sidewalks of urban streets and bridge decks. However, we must express the critical importance of sub-surfaced material. A granular compacted material tamped around fixed structures to a uniform sub grade is highly recommended. Grade lines should be strung for the entire length of the section to allow for a visual inspection before installation. After curb stones are set to a line and driven to grade, we recommend expansion joints at approximately every thirty (30) feet. A variety of concrete backings and beddings are common to curb installations and add directly to the cost of installation. We do recommend that a stiff concrete be used at intervals to stabilize and keep the curb at the proper grade and alignment. This, of course, is unnecessary with bridge curb which normally has a one-half (1/2) inch mortar bed and is stabilized by anchor bars. The joints between curbstones are either left open or filled with a flexible pointing mortar with care taken to keep the mortar off exposed faces of the curb.

7. NOTES AND DEFINITION FO TERMS: ARRIS: The sharp edge or exterior corner formed by the meeting of two surfaces, whether plane or curved.

FACE: The exposed major surface of the curb with its specified finish.

JOINT: A) The end or side surface of a piece which is covered when the piece is set in place. B) A filled or open space extending the full width of the top and vertically down the face between adjacent pieces set in place.

SEAM: A crack or fissure in a rough quarry block.

START: The beginning of a crack, caused by quarrying, fabrication, or other handling.

FINISH: The final surface texture of exposed faces as follows: SAWED: Relatively plane surface with texture ranging from wire sawn or diamond sawn (a smooth surface with occasional slight “trails” or scratches) . THERMAL: Finish produced by application of high temperature flame to the surface. Large surfaces may have shadow lines caused by the overlapping of the torch. HAMMERED: Coarse finish with interrupted parallel markings not more than seven-thirty-second (7/32) inches apart.

CURBING READY FOR SHIPMENT: AT CUSTUMER’S REQUEST

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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RADIUS CURBING RADIUS CURB IS NEEDED IN ALL SITIUATIONS NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CAN SUPPLY ANY SIZES NEEDED FROM 2’ TO 100’ RADII. THIS IS AVAILABLE IN SAWN OR SPLIT FACE FINISHES.

SPLIT-FACE HIGHWAY CURBS See general specifications for split-face on page 4 and the following: Front face shall be a vertical plane for 8” down and shall be smooth quarry split. No drill holes shall show in the face and no projections to exceed 3/4” or depression to exceed 1/2” for 8” down. For the remainder of the distance down, no projection or depression shall exceed 1”. Front arris line shall be true and straight with no variation greater than 1/8”

SAWN FACE HIGHWAY CURBS Vertical face curb shall be at right angles to the plane of the top and shall be sawed to an approximately true plane with no projections or depressions greater than one-eighth (1/8) inch to grade line. Below grade line shall have no projection or depression greater than one (1) inch. Batter face curb shall be finished to same tolerances and method of measurement shall be on a plane parallel to the slope of the batter. Saw marks normal to the sawing process will be permitted if within the one-eighth (1/8) inch tolerance. Other face finishes, such as thermal or hammered are available. See definitions for tolerances.

TRANSITION CURBING TRANSITION CURBING IS USED MAINLY IN HANDICAPP SITUATIONS THIS IS CURBING THAT TRANSITIONS DOWN TO A DEPRESSED PIECE OF CURB

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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SPLIT FACE ASHLAR A SPECIAL SENSE OF ENDURING QUALITY North Carolina Granite offers the prestige of precious granite with Split-Face Ashlar. Without the need of special erection systems the average mason can lay up a granite wall as he would ordinary brick. The splitting process exposes Mount Airy Granites beautiful white, salt and pepper appearance, causing the clear quartz to sparkle like diamonds in the sunlight. These large interlocking crystals, block water penetration for excellent weathering qualities. Ashlar stones are supplied unjointed with beds of 4,5,6,7 and 8” with a tolerance of +/- 1” and nominally set with 5/8” mortar joints both vertically and horizontally. Lengths are random and range from 2’0’ minimum to 12’0” miximum. Specific lengths to satisfy particular pattern requirements are made by vertical joint cuts by stone mason at the job site. Height or rises are finished to a tolerance of +/- 1/4”. NOTE: Machines now used to split granite are much more precise. Subsequently, current material supplied as ashlar is “flatter” on the face than the old “Rock-Face” material supplied previously. A “Rock-Face” finish, if specified, can still be supplied at additional costs. A variety of rises are available for Cap Stones. Nominal sizes are rises of 3 3/8, 4, 5 1/2, 7 3/8, and 8”. All Cap Stones are finished with sawed top and bottom and an option of either a sawed face or split face is available. Mount Airy Sawed Bed Ashlar brings a granite house, municipal building or Church within the budget of the average residential builder. The exterior walls can be faced with Mount Airy Sawed Bed Ashlar for about 8% more than the normal building cost, but its use can actually enhance the value of the residence as much as 20%.

FOR REAL ECONOMY IN RESIDENTIAL, CHURCH AND OTHER VENEER CONSTRUCION, USE MOUNT AIRY SAWED BED ASHLAR. To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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DIFFERENT SIZES OF GRANITE CURBING IS KEPT IN STOCK_ THIS IS FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF THE COSTUMER:

JOB REFERENCES IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE COUNTRY CONNECTICUT YALE UNIVERSITY, NEW HAVEN, CT. SOUND SCHOOL, NEW HAVEN, CT. GREENWICH HOSP., GREENWICH, CT. UNIVERSITY OF CONN., STORRS, CT. FORT TRUMBULL, NEW LONDON, CT. MOHEGAN SUN , UNCASVILLE, CT. FOXWOODS CASINO, MASHANTUCKET LAUREL HILL AVE., NORWICH, CT. OAK STREET, NEW BRITAIN, CT. HIGH MEADOW SUBDIVISION MANCHESTER, CT.

NEW YORK STATE SAGE COLLEGE, ALBANY NEW SCOTLAND AVE., ALBANY, N.Y. UNION COLLEGE, SCHENECTADEY, N.Y. HALSTEAD AVE., HARRISON N.Y. DUNKIN DONUTS, TROY, N.Y. NEW YORK STATE THRUWAY AUTH. NEWBURG - BEACON BRIDGE

PENNSYLVANIA CITY OF WILKES-BARRE CITY OF PITTSBURGH TOWNSHIP OF LOWER MERION RADNOR TOWNSHIP CITY OF ATLANTIC CITY CITY OF BROOKVILLE INMACULATA COLLEGE BRIDGE PIERS I-83 HARRISBURG HUNSTMAN HALL, UNIVERSITY PA.

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

RHODE ISLAND UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND TAMARISK ASST. LIVING WARWICK, RHODE ISLAND

NEW YORK CITY PARK AVENUE RESIDENAL WORK IN MANHATTAN DAG HAMMERJOLD PLAZA, MANHATTAN WESTSIDE HWY. MANHATTAN QUEENS COURT, NY NEW YORK

WASHINGTON D.C. KENNEDY CENTER SWEETSER RESIDENCE CAPITOL SQ. PERIMETER SECURITY RAOULWALENBURG MALL

NEW JERSEY TROPICANA HOTEL, ATLANTIC CITY JOHNSON PLAZA, NEW BRUNSWICK HARRAH’S HOTEL, ATLANTIC CITY NEW JERSEY TURNPIKE AUTH. PRINCETON UNIVERSITY OCEANSIDE II

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PHYSICAL COMPARISON BETWEEN GRANITE CURBING AND CONCRETE CURBING A study by the civil engineering department of the University of Massachusetts has published the results of a joint study, conducted with the University of Connecticut. The report, A Comparative Analysis of Granite and Pre-cast Concrete Curbing, states the results of comprehensive testing and analysis conducted to determine the relative merits of granite and precast Portland cement concrete curbing. Economic factors, as well as physical characteristics were carefully examined and documented. The study noted that there are many structures of granite and concrete curb. The range of structural variation in granite, however, is minimal when compared to that of concrete curb. Since it is manmade, the properties of concrete vary with the materials used and production processes. To provide the most objective comparison, the best available 5000-6000 psi, low slump, air entrained, precast concrete curbing was tested, rather than the inferior poured-in-place concrete. The principal factors affecting the life span of curbing are both natural and man-made. They are loads, impacts, and the elements. The strength of the curb to resist loads and impacts decreases with exposure to the elements. Durability is typically defined as the ability of a material to maintain strength and resist breakdown so that it perform its intended function. There are three principal factors that are considered when evaluating durability, namely climatic conditions, service and exposure conditions, and maintenance requirements. The two most significant climatic factors that affect curbing are freezing and thawing. In the tests, both granite and concrete curb were subjected to 360 freeze/thaw cycles. “Although no change in the appearance of the granite was apparent as a result of freeze/thaw cycles, the concrete exhibited a marked deterioration.” This was particularly apparent on corners and edges which were rounded as a results of spalling. Results of the tests indicate that concrete curb will show distress and deterioration after five years in regions which experience in area of 75 or more freeze/thaw cycles. Concrete exhibited approximately four to six time the reduction in strength of granite over the freeze/thaw cycles. Chemical de-icing agents used on roads can affect the durability characteristics of both concrete and granite, causing weight loss in curbing materials. “Immersion of concrete in various salt solutions was accompanied by a reduction in strength of 25.1% to 74.4%. Reduction in granite was from 0 to 3.41%.” De-icing salts can also cause weight loss in curbing materials. Cyclic salt immersion and drying caused extensive surface scaling in concrete curb, and up to 160 times more weight loss. “The effect on granite was negligible.” “The tests established that granite is significantly stronger and far more resistant to weathering than concrete curb.” It can also with stand road milling, a commonly used resurfacing technique. Granite curbing, because of it strength and durability, has an indefinite life span and can be routinely salvaged and reused. Concrete curb, due to its deterioration and loss of strength, becomes unable to serve the purpose of a curb. This period of time is often very short.

GRANITE CURBING AND GRANITE ASHLER ADDS TO THE BEAUTY OF ANY HOME OR OFFICE BUILDING

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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ECONOMIC COMPARISON To evaluate the two materials from an economic point of view, a life-cycle cost analysis was employed. This procedure considers initial cost, maintenance requirements, life-span and reinstallation. As of 1993, the Federal Highway Administration will require all states to use life-cycle cost analysis as part of federally mandated pavement management programs. There are three major factors to consider when making an objective cost comparison between granite and concrete curb. These are initial cost, recurring costs, and life expectancy. To determine the true initial cost the University of Massachusetts examined the actual delivered and installed price, rather than simply the price of material as purchased from the distributor. At the time of the survey, the material cost of granite averaged about 15% higher than that of concrete curb. Installation prices, which include excavation, compaction, and backfilling were found to be the same for both materials. Preventive maintenance and disposal are two recurring cost that can be examined with a high degree of certainty. Properly installed granite curb requires no maintenance. Concrete curb, on the other hand, demands periodic sealing with silicones, linseed oil, plastic, or other materials to extend its life. Such applications have been only moderately successful, and in point of fact are rarely performed. “Since recycling of concrete curb is not economically feasible, it must be removed, disposed of, and replaced ”. The cost of disposal has risen dramatically in recent years, due to the declining availability of disposal space. Granite has an “indefinite” life expectancy, It can be removed and reset when curb “reveal” (exposed face) is diminished due to resurfacing. Its structural properties allow it to be left in place during road milling operations. Concrete curbing has no salvage value. Deterioration and breakage, which is very common during removal operations, prevent reinstallation. Installers have acknowledged that breakage of concrete curb during installation is also quite common. Utilizing a life-cycle cost approach in assessing the economic realities of granite versus concrete curb makes it apparent that granite is far more cost effective than pre-cast concrete. The only perceived advantage of concrete curb is its initial lower cost, which is neutralized by granite’s durability, lower maintenance cost, longer life, and the disposal cost of concrete curb. Granite is far less susceptible to damage and needs substantially fewer repairs.

SUMMARY The term “cost effective” is an often used buzzword that is frequently misapplied. Many times an uninformed observer places initial cost as the only factor in determining cost. The short-sightedness of this approach is already evident along the streets, highways, and bridges of states and communities that considered only initial costs in selecting curbing material. In today’s and future economies, mid-range and long-range costs factors must be included. It has been our object to present the facts in a clear and understandable manner that will enable everyone to arrive at the proper conclusion.

To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

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THE HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CORPORATION The Mount Airy quarry is recognized as the largest open face granite quarry in the world. There are larger pit quarries throughout the world but no larger open face quarries. Pit Quarry- Below surface quarry. Open Face Quarry– Open, fairly level on which one could walk or drive. The biggest advantage of an open face quarry over a pit quarry is the accessibility to the stone. Labor costs are much greater in a pit quarry due to the lowering of men, machinery and equipment in order to bring out the stone. The story goes that the world’s finest natural quarry changed hands for nothing. In 1872 a farmer named John Gilmer purchased several thousand acres of farm and woodland covering what is now part of Mount Airy, NC and much of the Flat Rock Community. One of his friends learned the tract of land contained 40 acres of bare rock. Mr. Gilmer immediately went to the seller and threatened to back out of the deal because of the worthless 40 acres. The seller agreed to deduct the 40 acres of worthless rock in calculating the dollar value of the whole tract. Therefore, the story goes of changing hands for nothing. About 17 years later, the old Cape Fear and Yadkin Valley Railroad was built from Greensboro to Mount Airy. A firm of builders, Thomas Woodruff & Sons, were building the railway stations along the way. They were accustomed to finding and using local materials and were quick to learn about the “Flat Rock” east of Mount Airy. They recognized the potential value of a granite quarry and bought John Gilmer’s worthless rock for $5,000.00. They also bought additional surrounding land from Mr. Gilmer to build cutting plants and facilities. The Woodruffs sold capital stock to get their quarry venture off the ground. Quarrying was under way in 1889 and has continued since without interruption. Hearing of the opening of a new quarry, many skilled quarrymen and granite cutters moved into Mount Airy and The Flat Rock Community from New England, Scotland, England and Italy. With the passing of years, more and more Surry County Natives and Virginians learned the skilled trades. Today many descendants of those pioneer granite workers are still employed. The North Carolina Granite Corporation is the most modern and efficient granite company producing granite curbing today. We have the ability to help the customer to design the type of curbing needed to meet the demands of the job. We always welcome customers into our facility to see the curbing being produced that will be going to their job site.

NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CORPORATION 151 GRANITE QUARRY TRAIL P.O. BOX 151 MOUNT AIRY, NORTH CAROLINA 27030

Phone: 1 866 544 CURB (2 8 7 2)

Fax: 336-786-6984 Email: [email protected] www.ncgranite.com To Order Call: 1800-227-6242

NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CORPORATION Streetscape Curbing Ashlar Blocks, Pavers & Landscaping Accessories

Streetscape improvement project in Lynchburg, Virginia

Custom made bench seating

Decorative outdoor tables and seating

Matching ashlar retaining walls and sawn face curbing

Granite curbing protects high traffic parking areas

Birdbath, bench and commemorative sign

Depressed Radius Curbing with Handicap Access

Slope Faced Curbing used in a traffic island

Street Curbing in our Nations Capital Washington D.C.

NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CORPORATION Streetscape Curbing Ashlar Blocks, Pavers & Landscaping Accessories

Thermal finish pavers with Depressed sawn face curbing

Granite picnic tables And seating

Walkway pavers leading into a business.

Ashler walls

Church steps that last forever

Granite Pegasus Statue

Streetscape improvement project Yorktown, VA

Streetside improvement project Yorktown, VA

Street Improvement project Lynchburg, VA

NORTH CAROLINA GRANITE CORPORATION Streetscape Curbing Ashlar Blocks, Pavers & Landscaping Accessories

Street improvement project At Elizabethtown College

Beginning the installation

Radius curbing being set

Final trim work on a Radius curb Is done before setting

The curb is back-filled with A crushed stone.

A 3 man crew can set this entire Project in a day.

Straight curbing being set in place

Straight curbing with backfill shown

Finished project shown makes A beautiful improvement