OUTLINE GENERAL OVERVIEW of HIGHWAY NETWORK
HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS
EIA AND EIA FOR HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE
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GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF TURKISH HIGHWAYS GDH is responsible for planning, design, construction, maintenance, repair and operation of roads, bridges and structures within the network of motorways, state and provincial roads and keep all the network safely in operation in all weather conditions. GDH was established on March 1, 1950
GDH is an affilliated institution of the Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communications.
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ORGANIZATION CHART COUNSELLING AND SUPERVISION UNITS (4) INSPECTION BOARD
LEGAL ADVISORY OFFICE
DEPARTMENT OF STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT
INTERNAL AUDIT UNIT
DIRECTOR GENERAL
MAIN SERVICE UNITS (10) DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL 4
PRIVATE SECRETERIAT UNIT
DEPT. OF SURVEY, DESIGN AND ENVIRONMENT
DEPT. OF MOTORWAY OPERATIONS
DEPT. OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
DEPT.OF EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLY
DEPT. OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION
DEPT. OF STRUCTURES
DEPT. OF FACILITIES AND MAINTENANCE
DEPT. OF REAL ESTATE
DEPT. OF TRAFFIC SAFETY
DEPT. OF PROG. AND MONITORING
SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICE UNITS (3) DEPT. OF HUMAN RESOURCES
DEPT. OF SUPPORT SERVICE
PRESS & PUBLIC RELATIONS UNIT
DEPT. OF INFORMATION TECHOLOGIES
54 DIVISIONS 4
REGIONAL DIVISIONS OF GDH
18 Regional Divisions 118 Subdivisions 281 Maintenance Houses
25 Motorway Maintenance and Operation Offices 2 Equipment and Supply Directories 5
GENERAL OVERVIEW of HIGHWAY NETWORK Type: Village and Forest roads Responsibility: Special Provincial Administration
Type: Urban roads Responsibility: Municipal Authorities
Public Roads in Turkey
Type: Motorways, State & Provincial roads Responsibility: General Directorate of Turkish Highways The road network excluding urban roads is about 410.000 km in length 6
NATIONAL HIGHWAY NETWORK (66.244 km) Turkish Road Network under General Directorate of Turkish Highways’ responsibility.
TURKISH HIGHWAY NETWORK (66.244 KM)
NATIONAL HIGHWAY NETWORK
Highway Network (Km)
• Total road network is 66.244 km. • 36.6% of total road network (24.263km) is dual carriageway
Provincial Roads 32,740 49.4%
Total Asset Value: 62 Billion Euro Road Density: 50 km / 100 km2 (Excl.Urban Roads) Motorway Density: 2.85/ 1000 km2
Motorways 2,289 3.5%
State Roads 31,215 47.1%
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INTERNATIONAL HIGHWAY NETWORK
Total international highway network is 12000 km
PASSENGER & FREIGHT TRANSPORT 2014
[KATEGO Rİ ADI] 0.59%
[KATEGO Rİ ADI] 1..12%
[KATEGO Rİ ADI] 89.77%
Passenger Transport Highways: 89.77%
[KATEGO Rİ ADI] 8.52%
Sea Routes 5,94%
Railways 4.58%
Highways 89,47%
Freight Transport Highways: 89.47%
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TRAFFIC VOLUME MAP 2014 In our highway network, the rate of heavy vehicle traffic volume is 27%
2014 AADT ON STATE ROADS Avarage Annual Daily Traffic Average Annual Daily Heavy Vehicle Traffic
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PERCENTAGE OF GDP USED FOR HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT 1.40%
14,000
1.20%
12,000
Million USD
1.05%
1.06%
10,000
0.91%
0.87%
0.90%
0.90%
0.74%
8,000
1.00%
0.80%
0.60% 0.53%
6,000
0.60%
4,000
7,710 5,510
2,000
3,134
8,163
7,154
7,383
7,202
0.40%
5,386 0.20%
3,519
0.00%
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
INVESTMENT (Million $)
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
GDP (%)
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MULTILANE DIVIDED HIGHWAY NETWORK
HIGHWAY NETWORK: 63.143
(2003)
1.714 Km MOTORWAY
4.387 Km MULTILANE DIVIDED STATE&PROVINCIAL ROADS
6.101 Km TOTAL
MULTILANE DIVIDED HIGHWAY NETWORK
(DEC 2015)
2.289 Km MOTORWAY
21.974 Km MULTILANE DIVIDED STATE&PROVINCIAL ROADS
24.263Km TOTAL
HIGHWAY NETWORK : 66.244
EXISTING MOTORWAY NETWORK
MOTORWAYS IN OPERATION
2.289 Km 14
MOTORWAYS IN OPERATION 2.289 Km
BOT PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTIONS
528 Km
1-İstanbul-İzmir Motorway
433 Km
2-North Marmara Motorway (YAVUZ SULTAN SELİM Cable Stayed Suspension Bridge) Odayeri-Paşaköy Section
95 Km
BOT PROJECTS IN TENDERING PROCESS
336 Km
3-North Marmara Motorway Kınalı-Odayeri Section
149 Km
4-North Marmara Motorway Kurtköy-Akyazı Section
15 187 Km
MIDTERM TARGET BOT PROJECTS ( 1.Group )
MOTORWAYS IN OPERATION :2.289 Km
MIDTERM TARGET BOT PROJECTS ( 1. GROUP ) 5-Çiğli-Aliağa-Çandarlı Motorway
BOT PROJECTS (Under Construction) : 528 Km
76 Km
6-Ankara-Niğde Otoyolu (Incl. Kırsehir Connection)
330 Km
7-Ankara-Kırıkkale-Delice Motorway
119 Km
8-Kınalı-Tekirdağ-Çanakkale-Balıkesir Motorway
352 Km
9-Mersin-Erdemli-Taşucu Motorway
BOT PROJECTS (In Tendering Process): 336 Km
1 321 Km
92 Km
10-Aydın-Denizli Motorway
165 km
11-Antalya-Alanya Motorway
187 Km
MIDTERM TARGET BOT PROJECTS ( 2.Group )
MIDTERM TARGET BOT PROJECTS ( 2. GROUP )
3.326 Km
12-Ankara-İzmir Motorway
572 Km
16- Delice-Samsun Motorway
303 Km
13-Denizli-Burdur Motorway
130 Km
17-Gerede-Merzifon-Gürbulak Motorway (Gerede-Merzifon Section)
336 Km
14-Sivrihisar-Bursa Motorway
231 Km
18-Gerede-Merzifon-Gürbulak Motorway (Merzifon-Gürbulak Section)
950 Km
15-Afyon-Antalya Motorway
350 Km
19-Şanlıurfa-Diyarbakır-Habur Motorway
454 Km 17
MOTORWAYS IN OPERATION BOT PROJECTS (UNDER CONSTRUCTON) BOT PROJECTS (IN TENDERING PROCESS) MIDTERM TARGET BOT PROJECTS (1.GROUP) MIDTERM TARGET BOT PROJECTS (2.GROUP)
MOTORWAY NETWORK : 7.800 KM TOTAL COST : 52 BILLION $
TOTAL: 18
STRATEGIC PLAN OF TURKISH HIGHWAYS 2012-2016 GOAL 1: Mobility
GOAL 2: Road Traffic Safety
GOAL 3: Organizational Excellence &Continous Development
GOAL 4: Preserve & Develop Highway Network
GOAL 5: Sensitive to Human Being&Environmental Stewardship Protecting environment is one of the 5 Goals of STRATEGIC PLAN OF TURKISH HIGHWAYS 2012-2016
STRATEGIC PLAN OF TURKISH HIGHWAYS 2012-2016
MISSION: In a framework of authority entrusted with rule to the institution, to contribute to the social and economic development of the country through planning, designing, constructing, maintaining and operating in
every climate conditions of motorways, state and provincial roads, meeting road users’ demand, compromising with other transportation systems in a way of providing safe, comfortable, environmentally
sensitive roads, meeting contemporary needs.
STRATEGIC PLAN OF TURKISH HIGHWAYS 2012-2016
VISION: To be an institution
providing safe and comfortable transport service,
using advanced technologies,
preparing road projects sensitive to environment and human in a base of reality,
having a strong budget,
having smiling personnel and modern management
Historical Evolution of EIA in Turkey • Concern over environmental degradation in late 1970s and early 1980s. • First environmental legislation in 1983. ( Environment Code No. 2872 ) • Objective : to protect and improve the environment which is the common asset of all citizens; make better use of, and preserve land and air pollution; by preserving the country’s vegetative and livestock assets and natural and historical richness, organize all arrangements and precautions for improving and securing health, civilization and life conditions of present and future generations in conformity with economical and social development objectives, and based on certain legal and technical principles” • Environment Code has also made a reference to EIA
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Historical Evolution of EIA in Turkey • In 2006, Code No. 5491 amended the Environment Code • Establishment of a more comprehensive legal framework in 1993 • Six major revisions due to problems in implementation and Turkey’s
obligation to harmonize its national law with the EU’s law. • Latest revision dated 25 November 2014 • Certain projects ( Annex 1, Annex 2) to get exempted from the requirement to automatically prepare an EIA report
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Historical Evolution of EIA in Turkey • Responsible: General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment, Permits and Control • EIA system in Turkey vs European Union’s EIA Directive
• The EIA Directive played a significant role in the development of Turkish EIA system • Environment chapter was opened for negotiations on December 2009 • Except for articles related with transboundary EIA, in its wording, current EIA By-law is fully harmonized with the EU’s EIA Directive.
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EIA PROCEDURE OF TURKISH EIA REGULATION Annex I projects & projects coming from screening procedure
Application to MoEU with EIA Application File prepared according to Annex-III criteria. Confirmation of the EIA Application File Establishment of the Review & Evaluation Committee consisting of relevant compenent authorities Determination of the date and place of the Public Participation Meeting & Scope Determination Meeting The announcement of the meeting is made available on the web page of MoEU Public Participation Meeting At the dates declared in local and national newspapers. Also brochures and announcement, and where required public inquires are made in order to take the comments of the public and to inform them about the public participation meeting. Meeting of the Committee to Determine Scope and Special Format The comments of the public are taken into consideration during preparation of the content of EIA Report Format of the EIA Report is given to the project developer. The special format prepared during EIA procedure is valid for 18 months 25
EIA PROCEDURE OF TURKISH EIA REGULATION Submission of the EIA Report to the Ministry Examination of the report with respect to compliance with the special format Report is not in conformity with the special format (Report is returned to the applicant)
Submission of the Report to the Ministry after the completion of its deficiencies
Report is in conformity with the special format Duplication of the Report in adequate number (the EIA Report is made available to public via internet or as an hard copy at the Ministry and provincial directorates.) Invitation to the Review Committee Meetings
The opinions and proposals of the public related to the EIA Report are taken throughout the whole EIA procedure.The public has the right to go to the court related to the EIA decisions given by the MoEU.
Report is finalised (Submission of the final Report which is also made available to public) EIA Negative Decision
EIA Positive Decision (7 year) The decision is announced to public in Provincial Directorates with its 26 reasons
EIA for Highway Infrastructure in Turkey HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION
NEW HIGHWAY / MOTORWAY CONSTRUCTION
EIA is Required
CONVERSION 2X1 INTO 2X2 CARRIAGEWAYS
EIA is Required
Preliminary EIA (Project Description File)
REHABILITATION UPGRADING OF EXISTING HIGHWAY
Preliminary EIA (Project Description File)
No Environmental Decision is Required
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Conclusion and Recommendations • EIA started to become an important tool for planning as well as environmental preservation due to growing environmental awareness in Turkey
• Full transposition of EIA Directive into national legislation is an important step • There is a need for strengthening public participation in the EIA process • There is a need for introducing mechanisms to ease the availability of and access to up-to-date environmental information and data
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Mücahit ARMAN Head of Strategy Development Department General Directorate of Turkish Highways Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communications 29