ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ
ﻛﺘﺎب اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺐ
ٍ َﺑﺎب ِذﻛْ ِﺮ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﴈ اﻟ ﱠﻠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام َ ِ ﺎس َر
Chapter: Narrations about Ibn 'Abbas رضي اهلل عنهما
ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﯽ اﻟﻠﮧ ﻋﻨﮩام Name & Lineage ﻫﺎﺷﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﳌﻄﻠﺐ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس • ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ
Kunyah • أﺑﻮ اﻟﻌﺒﺎس Brief Introduction
وﺗﺮﺟامن اﻟﻘﺮآن وإﻣﺎم اﻟﺘﻔﺴري وﻓﻘﻴﻬﻬﺎ ﺣﱪ اﻷﻣﺔ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ • ﺻﺤﺎيب ﺟﻠﻴﻞ واﺑﻦ ﻋﻢ A great companion, and the son of the Prophet (s)’s paternal uncle. The scholar of this Ummah and Imam of Tafseer and Interpreter of the Qur’an.
Of the young Companions
،ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻬﺠﺮة ﺑﺜﻼث ﺳﻨني ﺑﺒﻨﻲ ﻫﺎﺷﻢ • وﻟﺪ
He was born to the Banu Hashim three years before the Hijrah.
Physical appearance
. ﻓﺼﻴ ًﺤﺎ، ﺻﺒﻴﺢ اﻟﻮﺟﻪ،وﺳﻴام ﺟﺴﻴام ،• ﻛﺎن أﺑﻴﺾ ﻃﻮﻳﻼً ﻣﴩ ًﺑﺎ ﺻﻔﺮة ً ً
He was tall, fair, handsome and of strong physique, and highly intelligent.
Of the week and oppressed muslims
[1357:]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری
ُ ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام ﻳَﻘ ُﻮل ﻛُ ْﻨ ُﺖ أَﻧَﺎ َوأُ ﱢﻣﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘﻀْ َﻌ ِﻔ َني أَﻧَﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ اﻟْ ِﻮﻟْﺪَ انِ َوأُ ﱢﻣﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ اﻟ ﱢﻨ َﺴﺎ ِء ٍ اﺑْ َﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ ِ ﺎس َر
Narrated Ibn `Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما: My mother and I were among the weak/ oppressed (muslims). I from among the children, and my mother from among the women. • His mother had embraced Islam and father embraced Islam later.
Hadith Narrations He narrated 1660 Ahadith
. ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ1660 • ﻗﺪ روي ﻟﻪ
His position and status
ﻋﲇ ﺛﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ،وأﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ اﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ،ﻋﺜامن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن اﻟﺼﺤﺎيب اﻟﺠﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس • ﻛﺎن .اﻟﺒﴫة واﻟﻴﺎ ﻋﲆ ﺑﻦ أيب ﻃﺎﻟﺐ The great companion Abdullah bin Abbas was very close to Uthman and AbuBakr, then Ali (r) appointed him as the governor of Basrah. • Now think about him: tall, handsome face, fair, intelligent, wise, narrator of the Prophet (s)s hadith, governor of Basrah.
His relationship with the Prophet (s) The Prophet (s) called him intelligent
ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل ﺣﺪﺛﺘﻨﻲ أم اﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﻨﺖ اﻟﺤﺎرث ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻴﻨﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻣﺎرة و اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﰲ اﻟﺤﺠﺮ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻛﻴﻒ وﻗﺪ ﺗﺤﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻻ ﺗﻮﻟﺪون،ﻓﻘﺎل ﻳﺎ أم اﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﺎل إﻧﻚ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻐﻼم اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ؟ ﻗﺎل ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ أﻗﻮل ﻟﻚ ﻓﺈذا وﺿﻌﺖ ﻓﺄﺗﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠام وﺿﻌﺘﻪ أﺗﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﺴامه ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻠﻪ و أﻟﺒﺎه ﻣﻦ رﻳﻘﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل اذﻫﺒﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﺘﺠﺪﻧﻪ ﻛﻴﺴﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻓﺄﺗﻴﺖ اﻟﻌﺒﺎس ﻓﺄﺧﱪﺗﻪ ﻓﺘﻠﺒﺲ ﺛﻢ أىت اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﲆ ، اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ وﻛﺎن رﺟﻼ ﺟﻤﻴﻼ ﻣﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻠام رآه رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎم إﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺒﻞ ﺑني ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ومل ﻻ: ﺛﻢ أﻗﻌﺪه ﻋﻦ ميﻴﻨﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل ﻫﺬا ﻋﻤﻲ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺷﺎء ﻓﻠﻴﺒﺎه ﺑﻌﻤﻪ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻌﺒﺎس ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻮل ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﺎل [1041:أﻗﻮل وأﻧﺖ ﻋﻤﻲ و ﺑﻘﻴﺔ آﺑﺎيئ و اﻟﻌﻢ واﻟﺪ ]اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ IbnAbbas reported that UmmalFadl bt. Harith [Mother of IbnAbbas, the sister of Maymunah, the wife of the Prophet (s)] reported that she passed by the Prophet (s) while he was in the Hateem. He said, O UmmalFadl! I said, here I am O Messenger of Allah. He said, You are expecting a child [This was not because he knew the knowledge of the unseen, but rather he was informed about this case]. She said, How could this be when the Quraysh have sworn oaths that the women shall not bear any children? He (s) said, What I am saying will happen, when the child is born bring him to me. So when the baby was born I brought him the Messenger of Allah (s), he named him Abdullah and gave him tahneek from his saliva and said, Take him, you will find him intelligent. She said, I went to Abbas [The Prophet (s)s uncle] and told him about everything. He got dressed and went to the Prophet (s). He was a tall handsome man. When the Prophet (s) saw him coming he stood up and kissed him on his forehead and made him sit next to himself and said, This is my uncle, whoever wishes to feel proud about his uncle. Abbas said, O Messenger of Allah! Do not praise so much. He said, Why should I not say that? You are my uncle, a sign of my ancestors, and the uncle is like the father. • Look at the Prophet (s)s akhlaq. He respected his uncle and dealt with him so well even though Abbas (R) had not yet embraced ISlam. The caller to Islam - his character is always noble. we must not be cold and rude with our family / acquaintances if they are far from the deen. • This shows us we should mention the good qualities of others.
The Prophet (s)’s prayers for him
ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ْﱪ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ َ ِ ﺎس أَنﱠ اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱠِﻲ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َدﺧ ََﻞ اﻟْﺨ ََﻼ َء َﻓ َﻮﺿَ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﻟَﻪُ َوﺿُ ﻮ ًءا َﻗ َﺎل َﻣ ْﻦ َوﺿَ َﻊ َﻫ َﺬا َﻓﺄُﺧ [143:ﻳﻦ۔] ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ِ َﻓ ﱢﻘ ْﻬﻪُ ِﰲ اﻟﺪﱢ Narrated Ibn `Abbas: Once the Prophet ( )ﷺentered a lavatory and I placed water for his ablution. He asked, "Who placed it?" He was informed accordingly and so he said, "O Allah! Grant him deep understanding of religion. • Notice how mature IbnAbbas is as a child. We should teach children to look after the needs of others, especially the elderly, or grandparents / older people in the household. • Give him understanding of deen: Just how he understands matters of dunya (he knew I would need water for wudu), give him understanding of the matter of deen. [3823:َني ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﱰﻣﺬي ِ ْ اﻟْ ِﺤﻜْ َﻤ َﺔ َﻣ ﱠﺮﺗ
ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ُﺎس َﻗ َﺎل َد َﻋﺎ ِﱄ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ أَنْ ُﻳ ْﺆﺗِ َﻴ ِﻨﻲ اﻟﻠﱠﻪ
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: "The Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺsupplicated for me that Allah should give me Hukm (knowledge, understanding, judging justly, or understanding of the Qur'an) two times.”
His position and status near the Prophet (s)
ِ وج َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳ ٍ ﻋﻦ اﺑْﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﷺ َﻗ َﺎل ﻧَ َﻌ ْﻢ َوﻟَ ْﻮ َﻻ َﻣﻜ َِﺎين ِﻣ ْﻨﻪُ َﻣﺎ َ ﴈ اﻟ ﱠﻠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام َﻗ َﺎل َﻟﻪُ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ﺷَ ﻬِﺪْ َت اﻟْ ُﺨ ُﺮ َ ِ ﺎس َر اﻟﺼﻠ ِْﺖ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺧﻄَ َﺐ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ أَ َىت اﻟ ﱢﻨ َﺴﺎ َء َﻓ َﻮ َﻋﻈَ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ َو َذﻛﱠ َﺮ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ ﺷَ ﻬِﺪْ ﺗُﻪُ ﻳَ ْﻌ ِﻨﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﺻ َﻐ ِﺮ ِه أَ َىت اﻟْ َﻌﻠ ََﻢ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ِﻋ ْﻨﺪَ َدا ِر ﻛَ ِﺜريِ ﺑْ ِﻦ ﱠ :ﺖ ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری َ َوأَ َﻣ َﺮ ُﻫ ﱠﻦ أَنْ َﻳ َﺘ َﺼﺪﱠ ْﻗ َﻦ َﻓ َﺠ َﻌﻠ َْﺖ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺮأَ ُة ﺗُ ْﻬﻮِي ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ َﻫﺎ إِ َﱃ َﺣﻠْ ِﻘ َﻬﺎ ﺗُﻠْ ِﻘﻲ ِﰲ ﺛَ ْﻮ ِب ﺑ َِﻼ ٍل ﺛُ ﱠﻢ أَ َىت ُﻫ َﻮ َوﺑ َِﻼ ٌل اﻟْ َﺒ ْﻴ [863
A person asked Ibn `Abbas, "Have you ever presented yourself at the (`Id) prayer with Allah's Apostle?" He replied, "Yes." And had it not been for my kinship (position) with the Prophet ( )ﷺit would not have been possible for me to do so (for he was too young). The Prophet ( )ﷺwent to the mark near the house of Kathir bin As-Salt and delivered a sermon. He then went towards the women. He advised and reminded them and asked them to give alms. So the woman would bring her hand near her neck and take off her necklace and put it in the garment of Bilal. Then the Prophet ( )ﷺand Bilal came to the house.”
The Prophet (s) taught him wisdom • Sometimes we think about children, they are too small, they will not understand…
ِ ْﻒ َر ُﺳ ! ﻳَﺎ ﻏ َُﻼ ُم: َﻓﻘ ََﺎل،ﻠﻢ ﻳَ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ "ﻛُ ْﻨﺖ َﺧﻠ:ﴈ اﻟ ﱠﻠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام َﻗ َﺎل َ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ َﻋﻠَﻴﻪ َو َﺳ َ ِ ﺎس َر ْ ا ْﺣﻔ،َﻆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪَ ﻳَ ْﺤ َﻔﻈْﻚ ْ ا ْﺣﻔ:ﱢإين أُ َﻋﻠﱢ ُﻤﻚ ﻛَﻠِ َام ٍت َوإِ َذا ْاﺳ َﺘ َﻌ ْﻨﺖ َﻓ ْﺎﺳ َﺘ ِﻌ ْﻦ، َ إ َذا َﺳﺄَﻟْﺖ َﻓ ْﺎﺳﺄَ ْل اﻟﻠﱠﻪ،َﻆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪَ ﺗَﺠِ ﺪْ ُه ﺗُ َﺠﺎ َﻫﻚ َوإِنْ ا ْﺟ َﺘ َﻤ ُﻌﻮا،ِﴚ ٍء َﻗﺪْ ﻛَ َﺘ َﺒﻪُ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ ﻟَﻚ ْ َ ِﴚ ٍء ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳَ ْﻨ َﻔ ُﻌﻮك ﱠإﻻ ﺑ ْ َ َوا ْﻋﻠ َْﻢ أَنﱠ ْاﻷُ ﱠﻣ َﺔ ﻟَ ْﻮ ا ْﺟ َﺘ َﻤ َﻌ ْﺖ َﻋ َﲆ أَنْ ﻳَ ْﻨ َﻔ ُﻌﻮك ﺑ،ﺑِﺎﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ِ َو َﺟﻔ،ِﴚ ٍء َﻗﺪْ ﻛَ َﺘ َﺒﻪُ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴﻚ؛ ُر ِﻓ َﻌ ْﺖ ْاﻷَ ْﻗ َﻼ ُم [2516:ﻒ ]ﺳﻨﻦ ﺗﺮﻣﺬی ُ اﻟﺼ ُﺤ ﱠﺖ ﱡ ْ َ ﴬوك ﺑ َﻋ َﲆ أَنْ َﻳ ُ ﱡ ْ َ ﴬوك ﱠإﻻ ﺑ ِﴚ ٍء ﻟ َْﻢ َﻳ ُ ﱡ
ْ "ا ْﺣﻔ َو َﻣﺎ، َوا ْﻋﻠ َْﻢ أَنﱠ َﻣﺎ أَ ْﺧﻄَﺄَك ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳَﻜُ ْﻦ ﻟِ ُﻴ ِﺼﻴ َﺒﻚ،ف َإﱃ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ِﰲ اﻟ ﱠﺮﺧَﺎ ِء ﻳَ ْﻌ ِﺮ ُﻓﻚ ِﰲ اﻟﺸﱢ ﺪﱠ ِة ْ ﺗَ َﻌ ﱠﺮ،َﻆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪَ ﺗَﺠِ ﺪْ ُه أﻣﺎﻣﻚ ."ﴪا ِ ْ َوأَنﱠ َﻣ َﻊ اﻟْ ُﻌ، َوأَنْ اﻟْ َﻔ َﺮ َج َﻣ َﻊ اﻟْﻜَ ْﺮ ِب،ِاﻟﺼ ْﱪ ﴫ َﻣ َﻊ ﱠ َ ْ َوا ْﻋﻠ َْﻢ أَنﱠ اﻟ ﱠﻨ،أَ َﺻﺎﺑَﻚ ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳَﻜُ ْﻦ ﻟِ ُﻴﺨ ِْﻄ َﺌﻚ ً ْ ُﴪ ﻳ On the authority of Abdullah bin Abbas رضی اللہ عنہماwho said: One day I was behind the Messenger of Allah ([ )ﷺriding on the same mount]
• - Some mothers will go different places themselves but not take their children with them. Take your children to the masjid, gatherings of knowledge, etc. Remind them about the ettiquete before leaving the house, in the car, upon reaching, and yes they will forget because they are children, but eventually they will learn. But dont leave them just because they are children. Tell them what you expect from them. If you prepare them mentally from before, they will cooperate. When you go to the doctors they tell you what will happen to your ody and how you will during a test, why? so you know what to expect. So children also deserve to know what is expected of them and what they should do when they go to the masjid / gathering of knowledge.
and he said, “O young man, I shall teach you some words [of advice]: • - He is teaching him while riding an animal. This means we can have a class in the car also
Be mindful of Allah and Allah will protect you. • Hifdh: guard wudu, prayer, everything that we have been commanded to observe • Make Allah your priority: REmember Me and I shall remember you.
Be mindful of Allah and you will find Him in front of you. If you ask, then ask Allah [alone]; • A child is being taught, to ask Allah. We have still not learnt this lesson. When we have a need, a wish, do we think of Allah?asking Him? That O Allah, facilitate this for me, make this easy for me… whenever you ask, ask Allah. • Have we taught this to our children? If not, then let us teach them these things one by one. These are very important matters related to the tarbiyah of children.
and if you seek help, then seek help from Allah [alone]. • You alone we worship and You alone we ask for help
And know! that if the entire creation were to gather together to benefit you with anything, they would not benefit you except with what Allah had already prescribed for you. • If a child has yaqeen in this what would he be afraid of?
And if they were to gather together to harm you with anything, they would not harm you except with what Allah had already prescribed against you. • When there is no fear of loss: Brave, and when there is no greed for what people have: they will become content • If this basic character is developed in children, so many problems will go away.
The pens have been lifted and the pages have dried.” • He is being given a lesson in Taqdeer: Divine Decree. We think they cannot understand these matters. • What is being taught is: All power is with Allah. And when a peron believes in that then he does not rely upon the weak creation, but the PErfect Creator. • In another narration:
Be mindful of Allah, and you will find Him in front of you. Recognize and acknowledge Allah in times of ease and prosperity, and He will remember you in times of adversity. And know that what has passed you by [and you have failed to attain] was not going to befall you, and what has befallen you was not going to pass you by. • whether good or bad
And know! Indeed, victory comes with patience, and Indeed, relief with affliction, and Indeed, hardship with ease. • Inna ma’al usri yusraa • Sometimes children worry that somehting is too hard, they think they are not able to do something, always whining… I cant do this, I cant reach this…. make your children independent, so they are not always dependent on you. Teach them to become self-sufficient, not dependent. Those who always depend on others become miserable, because they expect from others, and expectations bring disappointment.
The Prophet (s) taught him du’as • One more thing for us to do: If we teach children duas then they will learn.
اﻟﺴﻮ َر َة ِﻣ َﻦ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ ﻃَﺎ ُو ٍس َﻋ ِﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﻛَﺎنَ ﻳُ َﻌﻠﱢ ُﻤ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻫ َﺬا اﻟﺪﱡ َﻋﺎ َء ﻛ ََام ﻳُ َﻌﻠﱢ ُﻤ ُﻬ ُﻢ ﱡ-ﺻﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ- ﺎس أَنﱠ َر ُﺳ َﻮل اﻟ ﱠﻠ ِﻪ ُ اﻟْ ُﻘ ْﺮآنِ ﻳَﻘ ِ اب َﺟ َﻬ ﱠﻨ َﻢ َوأَ ُﻋﻮ ُذ ﺑ َِﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﺬ ِ ُﻮل » ُﻗﻮﻟُﻮا اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ إِﻧﱠﺎ ﻧَ ُﻌﻮ ُذ ﺑ َِﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﺬ ِاب اﻟْﻘ ْ َِﱪ َوأَ ُﻋﻮ ُذ ﺑ َِﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻓ ْﺘ َﻨ ِﺔ اﻟْ َﻤ ِﺴﻴﺢ ِ ﺎل َوأَ ُﻋﻮ ُذ ﺑ َِﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻓ ْﺘ َﻨ ِﺔ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺤ َﻴﺎ َواﻟْ َﻤ َام ِ اﻟﺪﱠ ﱠﺟ [1361:ت ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ `Abdullah bin `Abbas narrated: that the Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺused to teach them this supplication as he used to teach them a Surat of the Quran: ال َّل ُه َّم إِنَّا نَ ُعوذُ ِب َك ِ َ اب ا ْل َقبْ ِر َوأ َ ُعوذُ ِب َك ِم ْن ِفتْن َ ِة ْامل ِ ال َوأ َ ُعوذُ ِب َك ِم ْن ِفتْن َ ِة ْامل َ ْحيَا َو ْامل َ َم ِ سيحِ ال َّد َّج ِ َاب َج َهن َّ َم َوأ َ ُعوذُ ِب َك ِم ْن َعذ ِ َِم ْن َعذ ات O Allah we seek Your protection from the punishment of hell, from the punishment of the grave, from the trial of dajjal and from the trials of life and death.
In the company of the Prophet(s) at Hajj
ُ ﺎس ﻳَﻘ ٍ ﻋﻦ اﺑْﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ اﻟﺼ ْﺒ َﺢ مبِ ِ ًﻨﻰ َو َر َﻣ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ اﻟْ َﺠ ْﻤ َﺮ َة ُﻮل أَ ْر َﺳﻠَ ِﻨﻲ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ِﰲ ﺿَ َﻌ َﻔ ِﺔ أَ ْﻫﻠِ ِﻪ َﻓ َﺼﻠﱠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ ﱡ [3048 :]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﯽ
Narrated Ibn Abbas: "The Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺsent me with the weak ones of his family to pray morning in Mina and stone the Jamrah.” • He sent us early.
Most knowledgeable regarding Hajj
وﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ ﻫﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺞ
Aisha (r) said, He (IbnAbbas) is most knowledgeable of people regarding Hajj. • How? He was observant, he was with the Prophet (s), he learnt.
The Prophet (S) gave him work during Hajj
ٍ ُﻂ ِﱄ َﻓﻠَ َﻘﻄْ ُﺖ َﻟﻪُ َﺣ َﺼ َﻴ ِ ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ِﱄ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﷺ َﻏﺪَ ا َة اﻟْ َﻌ َﻘ َﺒ ِﺔ َو ُﻫ َﻮ َﻋ َﲆ َرا ِﺣﻠَ ِﺘ ِﻪ َﻫ ْ ﺎت اﻟْﻘ ﺎت ُﻫ ﱠﻦ َﺣ َﴡ ٍ َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ِ اﻟْ َﺨ ْﺬ ِف َﻓﻠ ﱠَام َوﺿَ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ ِﰲ ﻳَ ِﺪ ِه َﻗ َﺎل ِﺑﺄَ ْﻣﺜ ﻳﻦ ِ ﻳﻦ َﻓﺈِمنﱠ َﺎ أَ ْﻫﻠ ََﻚ َﻣ ْﻦ ﻛَﺎنَ َﻗ ْﺒﻠَﻜ ُْﻢ اﻟْ ُﻐﻠُ ﱡﻮ ِﰲ اﻟﺪﱢ ِ َﺎل َﻫﺆ َُﻻ ِء َوإِﻳﱠﺎﻛ ُْﻢ َواﻟْ ُﻐﻠُ ﱠﻮ ِﰲ اﻟﺪﱢ
[3057 :]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﯽ
Ibn Abbas said: the Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺsaid to me:"On the morning of AlAqabah [10th DhulHijjah], while he was on his mount. "Pick up (some pebbles) for me.”[Children enjoy such things] So I picked up some pebbles for him that were the size of date stones or fingertips, and when I placed them in his hand he said: "Like these ones (one should do stoning). And beware of going to extremes in religious matters [such small pebbles are fine, there is no need to throw huge rocks, bottles and slippers], for those who came before you were destroyed because of going to extremes in religious matters.” • Extremism in any matter is not good - neither in matters of deen nor dunya. Moderation is always good.
The Prophet (s) taught him the rituals of Hajj
ٍ ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ﺑَ َﻌ َﺜ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ أُ َﻏ ْﻴﻠِ َﻤ َﺔ ﺑَ ِﻨﻲ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟْ ُﻤﻄﱠﻠِ ِﺐ َﻋ َﲆ ُﺣ ُﻤ َﺮ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ات ﻳَﻠْﻄَ ُﺢ أَ ْﻓﺨَﺎ َذﻧَﺎ ُ َوﻳَﻘ [3064 :ﺲ ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﯽ ُ ُﻮل أُﺑَ ْﻴ ِﻨ ﱠﻲ َﻻ ﺗَ ْﺮ ُﻣﻮا َﺟ ْﻤ َﺮ َة اﻟْ َﻌ َﻘ َﺒ ِﺔ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ ﺗَﻄْﻠ َُﻊ اﻟﺸﱠ ْﻤ
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺsent ahead some boys from Banu AbdulMuttalib on donkeys (on the night of al-Muzdalifah). He began to pat our thighs (out of love) and said: O my sons! do not throw pebbles at the jamrah till the sun rises. • Physical touch: by parents, not strangers. Dont be too formal while teaching your children. Relax, dont frighten them.
His Character and Noble qualities Extremely intelligent in very young age
ﺎس أَنﱠ َر ُﺳ َﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ﻛَﺎنَ ِﰲ ﺑَ ْﻴ ِﺖ َﻣ ْﻴ ُﻤﻮﻧَ َﺔ َﻓ َﻮﺿَ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﻟَﻪُ َوﺿُ ﻮ ًءا ِﻣ ْﻦ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ْﻴﻞِ َﻗ َﺎل َﻓﻘَﺎﻟ َْﺖ ٍ َﻋ ِﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ِﻳﻞ ]ﻣﺴﻨﺪ َ ﻳﻦ َو َﻋﻠﱢ ْﻤﻪُ اﻟ ﱠﺘﺄْو ِ َﻣ ْﻴ ُﻤﻮﻧَ ُﺔ ﻳَﺎ َر ُﺳ َﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َوﺿَ َﻊ ﻟ ََﻚ َﻫ َﺬا َﻋ ْﺒﺪُ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍﺎس َﻓﻘ ََﺎل اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ َﻓ ﱢﻘﻪﱡ ِﰲ اﻟﺪﱢ [3032:اﺣﻤﺪ IbnAbbas reported that the Messenger of Allah (s) was in the house of Maymoonah [his wife], and I kept water for him for wudu in the night. Maymoonah (r) said, O Messenger of Allah, Abdullah b. Abbas has kept this water for you. He said, O Allah give him understanding in religion and teach him the Interpretation. • Ta’weel: Tafseer
Eager for good
ﺎس َو َﻋ ْﻦ ﻳَ َﺴﺎ ِر ِه ﺧَﺎﻟِﺪُ ﺑْ ُﻦ اﻟْ َﻮﻟِﻴ ِﺪ ٍ ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل أُ ِ َيت َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ِﺑﻠ َ ٍَنب َو َﻋ ْﻦ َميِﻴ ِﻨ ِﻪ اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس َﻣﺎ أُ ِﺣ ﱡﺐ أَنْ أُوﺛِ َﺮ ﺑ ُِﺴ ْﺆ ِر ٍ ﺎس أَﺗَﺄْ َذنُ ِﱄ أَنْ أَ ْﺳ ِﻘ َﻲ ﺧَﺎﻟِﺪً ا َﻗ َﺎل اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ِﻻﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ِ َر ُﺳ (3417 : )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ. ٌب ﺧَﺎﻟِﺪ ٍ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َﻋ َﲆ ﻧَﻔ ِْﴘ أَ َﺣﺪً ا َﻓﺄَ َﺧ َﺬ اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ِ َ ﴩ َب َو ِ َ ﺎس َﻓ َﴍ It was narrated that Ibn ‘Abbas said: “The Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺwas brought some milk. On his right was Ibn ‘Abbas and on his left was Khalid bin Walid. The Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺsaid to Ibn ‘Abbas: ‘Will you permit me to give Khalid to drink?’
• Khalid was older but IbnAbbas was sitting on his right.
Ibn ‘Abbas said: ‘I would not like to give preference to anyone over myself when it comes to the leftover drink of the Messenger of Allah ()ﷺ. So Ibn ‘Abbas took it and drank some, then Khalid drank some.” (though Ibn Abbas was of young age at that time) • IbnAbbas was very young at this time but he was so eager for khayr.
Attended the congregational prayer from a young age
ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ُﺎس أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﻗ َﺎل أَ ْﻗ َﺒﻠ ُْﺖ َرا ِﻛ ًﺒﺎ َﻋ َﲆ ِﺣ َام ٍر أَﺗَﺎنٍ َوأَﻧَﺎ ﻳَ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ َﻗﺪْ ﻧَﺎ َﻫ ْﺰ ُت ِاﻻ ْﺣ ِﺘ َﻼ َم َو َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪ ِ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ﻳُ َﺼ ﱢﲇ ﺑِﺎﻟ ﱠﻨ ﻒ َﻓ َﻨ َﺰﻟ ُْﺖ َوأَ ْر َﺳﻠ ُْﺖ ْاﻷَﺗَﺎنَ ﺗَ ْﺮﺗ َُﻊ َو َد َﺧﻠ ُْﺖ ِﰲ اﻟﺼ ﱢ ﺎس مبِ ِ ًﻨﻰ إِ َﱃ ﻏ ْ َِري ﺟِ ﺪَ ا ٍر َﻓ َﻤ َﺮ ْر ُت ﺑَ ْ َني ﻳَﺪَ ْي ﺑَ ْﻌ ِﺾ ﱠ ]493 ﺣﺪٌ ]ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري اﻟﺼ ﱢ ﱠ َ َﲇ أ ﻒ َﻓﻠ َْﻢ ﻳُ ْﻨ ِﻜ ْﺮ َذﻟِ َﻚ َﻋ َ ﱠ Narrated Abdullah bin `Abbas: Once I came riding a she-ass when I was just about to attain the age of puberty. Allah's Messenger ( )ﷺwas offering the prayer at Mina with no wall in front of him and I passed in front of some of the row. There I dismounted and let my she-ass loose to graze and entered the row and nobody objected to me about it. • - No one objected because the sutrah was in front of the PRophet (s). So if there is a sutrah in front of the Imam, you can go in front of the people who are praying behind him if there is a need.
Eager to see the Prophet (s)’s night prayer
ِ ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام َﻗ َﺎل ﺑ ﱡِﺖ ِﻋ ْﻨﺪَ ﺧَﺎﻟَ ِﺘﻲ َﻣ ْﻴ ُﻤﻮﻧَ َﺔ َﻓ ُﻘﻠ ُْﺖ َﻷَﻧْﻈُ َﺮنﱠ إِ َﱃ َﺻ َﻼ ِة َر ُﺳ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ ِ ﺎس َر ِ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َﻓﻄُ ِﺮ َﺣ ْﺖ ﻟِ َﺮ ُﺳ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ و َِﺳﺎ َد ٌة َﻓ َﻨﺎ َم َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ِﰲ ﻃُﻮﻟِ َﻬﺎ َﻓ َﺠ َﻌ َﻞ ِ ََميْ َﺴ ُﺢ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ْﻮ َم َﻋ ْﻦ َو ْﺟ ِﻬ ِﻪ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺮأَ ْاﻵﻳ ِ ﴩ ْاﻷَ َوا ِﺧ َﺮ ِﻣ ْﻦ آل ِﻋ ْﻤ َﺮانَ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ َﺧ َﺘ َﻢ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ أَ َىت ﺷَ ٍّﻨﺎ ُﻣ َﻌﻠﱠﻘًﺎ َﻓﺄَ َﺧ َﺬ ُه َﻓ َﺘ َﻮﺿﱠ ﺄَ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َ ْ ﺎت اﻟْ َﻌ َﻗﺎ َم ُﻳ َﺼ ﱢﲇ َﻓ ُﻘ ْﻤ ُﺖ َﻓ َﺼ َﻨ ْﻌ ُﺖ ِﻣﺜ َْﻞ َﻣﺎ َﺻ َﻨ َﻊ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ ﺟِ ْﺌ ُﺖ َﻓ ُﻘ ْﻤ ُﺖ إِ َﱃ َﺟ ْﻨ ِﺒ ِﻪ َﻓ َﻮﺿَ َﻊ َﻳﺪَ ُه َﻋ َﲆ َرأْ ِﳼ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ أَ َﺧ َﺬ ِﺑﺄُ ُذ ِين َﻓ َﺠ َﻌ َﻞ ﻳَ ْﻔ ِﺘﻠُ َﻬﺎ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﲆ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﲆ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﲆ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﲆ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﲆ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﺛُ ﱠﻢ َﺻ ﱠﲆ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﺛُ ﱠﻢ [4570:أَ ْوﺗَ َﺮ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری Narrated Ibn `Abbas: (One night) I stayed overnight in the house of my aunt Maimuna, and said to myself, "I will watch the prayer of Allah's Messenger (" )ﷺ • - He was eager to learn
My aunt placed a cushion for Allah's Messenger ( )ﷺand he slept on it in its length-wise direction and (woke-up) rubbing the traces of sleep off his face • - IbnAbbas is watching so closely - our children have no idea when someone slept and when they woke up and what they did.
and then he recited the last ten Verses of Surat-al-`Imran till he finished it. • - He recited this before making wudu
Then he went to a hanging water skin and took it, performed the ablution and then stood up to offer the prayer. I got up and did the same as he had done, and stood beside him. He put his hand on my head and held me by the ear and rubbed it. • To move him to the right side
He offered two rak`at, then two rak`at, then two rak`at, then two rak`at, then two rak`at, then two rak`at, and finally the witr (i.e. one rak`a) prayer. • The small details are so beautiful. The Prophet (s) did not just teach with his words, but with his actions he made people feel comfortable so they could learn. • Hes standing, and the Prophet (s) rubbed his head and then his ear - can we not gently touch children? Again, do not go to an extreme, that you begin to pull their cheeks… and hug them so tight they feel suffocated. Dont kiss them on their cheek. When people would kiss me on my cheek when I was a child, I would go and wash my face.
Confident in his obedience to the Prophet (s)
ٍ ﺎس ِﺑ َﻌ َﺮ َﻓ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِﻌﻴ ِﺪ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﺟ َﺒ ْ ٍري َﻗ َﺎل ﻛُ ْﻨ ُﺖ َﻣ َﻊ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس ُﻳﻠَ ﱡﺒﻮنَ ُﻗﻠ ُْﺖ َﻳﺨَﺎ ُﻓﻮنَ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِو َﻳ َﺔ َ ﺎت َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻣﺎ ِﱃ ﻻَ أَ ْﺳ َﻤ ُﻊ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ِ َﺎس ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻓ ْﺴﻄ [3006:ﲆ ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎيئ ٍ َﻓ َﺨ َﺮ َج اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎﻃ ِﻪ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ﻟَ ﱠﺒ ْﻴ َﻚ اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ ﻟَ ﱠﺒ ْﻴ َﻚ ﻟَ ﱠﺒ ْﻴ َﻚ َﻓﺈِﻧﱠ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻗﺪْ ﺗَ َﺮﻛُﻮا ﱡ اﻟﺴ ﱠﻨ َﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺑُﻐ ِْﺾ َﻋ ِ ﱟ It was narrated that Saeed bin Jubair said: "I was with Ibn Abbas in Arafat and he said: 'Why do I not hear the people reciting Talbiyah?' I said: They are afraid of Muawiyah.' So Ibn Abbas went out of his tent and said: "Labbaik Allahumma Labbaik, Labbaik! They are only forsaking the Sunnah out of hatred for Ali.’" • They want to please one leader… and because of that they are leaving the Sunnah? He didnt just tell them to say the talbiyah, but he said it out loud himself: taught with his action. • IF you want to remind / teach people about something, begin with the children. When they will say it out loud, the adults will also rememeber / learn.
One who called people to the way of the Prophet (s)
ٍ َﻋ ِﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس ﻟِ َﻢ ﺗ َْﺴ َﺘﻠِ ُﻢ ٍ ﺎف َﻣ َﻊ ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِوﻳَ َﺔ ﺑِﺎﻟْ َﺒ ْﻴ ِﺖ َﻓ َﺠ َﻌ َﻞ ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِوﻳَ ُﺔ ﻳَ ْﺴ َﺘﻠِ ُﻢ ْاﻷَ ْرﻛَﺎنَ ﻛُ ﱠﻠ َﻬﺎ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻟﻪُ اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ َﺎس أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻃ ﺎس ٍ ﳾ ٌء ِﻣ ْﻦ اﻟْ َﺒ ْﻴ ِﺖ َﻣ ْﻬ ُﺠﻮ ًرا َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ْ َ َﻫ َﺬ ْﻳ ِﻦ اﻟ ﱡﺮﻛْ َﻨ ْ ِني َوﻟ َْﻢ َﻳﻜُ ْﻦ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﷺ َﻳ ْﺴ َﺘﻠِ ُﻤ ُﻬ َام َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِو َﻳ ُﺔ ﻟَ ْﻴ َﺲ ِ } ﻟَ َﻘﺪْ ﻛَﺎنَ ﻟَﻜ ُْﻢ ِﰲ َر ُﺳ [1877:ﺖ ]ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ َ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ أُ ْﺳ َﻮ ٌة َﺣ َﺴ َﻨ ٌﺔ { َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِو َﻳ ُﺔ َﺻﺪَ ْﻗ IbnAbbas reported that he performed Tawaf of the Ka’bah with Muawiyah (r), and Muawiyah (r) did Istilam of all the corners of the Ka’bah. IbnAbbas said to him, Why are you doing Istilam of these two corners when the Prophet (s) did not do it? Muawiyah said, There is nothing of the House worth leaving. So IbnAbbas (r) said,
‘There is certainly for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent example’. So Muawiyah (r) said, You have spoken the truth. - It is our duty to remind others, if they benefit excellent.
One of khashyah
، رأﻳﺖ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس: وﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ رﺟﺎء،ﺗﻌﻈﻴام ﻟﺤﺮﻣﺎت اﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ أﺣﺪً ا أﺷﺪ:• ﻗﺎل ﻃﺎووس ً وأﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴﻨﻴﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﴩاك اﻟﺒﺎﱄ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻜﺎء Tawus said, I have never seen anyone more respectful of the hurumaat of Allah than IbnAbbas. And AbuRaja said, I saw IbnAbbas and under his eyes was a mark like that of an old shoe lace, and they were lines on account of his crying. • He would cry profusely out of the fear of Allah. He had dark circles under his eyes due to crying.
Eager to follow the instruction of the Prophet (s) even at a time of loss
ﻓﻘﺎل ﱄ ﻳﺎﻛﺮﻳﺐ ! ﻗﻢ ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﻊ، ﻫﻠﻚ اﺑﻦ ﻟﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس: ﻋﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻮﱃ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل ﻓﺄﺷﻬﺪ ﻟﺴﻤﻌﺖ، ﻻ ﺑﻞ أﻛرث ﻗﺎل ﻓﺎﺧﺮﺟﻮا ﺑﺎﺑﻨﻲ: أرﺑﻌني ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ.. ﻻﺑﻨﻲ أﺣﺪ ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻧﻌﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل وﻳﺤﻚ ﻛﻢ ﺗﺮاﻫﻢ [2267 : إﻻ ﺷﻔﻌﻬﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ " ]اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ، رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﷺ ﻳﻘﻮل"ﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ أرﺑﻌني ﻣﻦ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﻔﻌﻮن ﳌﺆﻣﻦ Kurayb, the slave of Abdullah IbnAbbas reported that the son of Abdullah died. He said to me, Kurayb, get up and go see, has anyone come for the funeral prayer for my son? I said, yes. He said, may they be destroyed, how many are they? are they forty? I said, no, they are more than forty. He said, bring the body of my son, I bear witness that I heard the Prophet (s) say, If forty believers pray for the forgiveness of a deceased believer then their prayer regarding him is accepted. • - He was waiting for forty people to assemble so he could perform the janazah with them.
His most favourite personality
ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ﺷَ ﻬِﺪَ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪي ِر َﺟ ٌﺎل َﻣ ْﺮ ِﺿ ﱡﻴﻮنَ َوأَ ْرﺿَ ﺎ ُﻫ ْﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪي ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ أَنﱠ اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱠِﻲ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ﻧَ َﻬﻰ َﻋ ْﻦ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ (581: )ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري. ب ِ ْ َﴩ َق اﻟﺸﱠ ْﻤ ُﺲ َوﺑَ ْﻌﺪَ اﻟْ َﻌ اﻟﺼ َﻼ ِة ﺑَ ْﻌﺪَ ﱡ ﱠ َ ﴫ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ ﺗَ ْﻐ ُﺮ ُ ْ اﻟﺼ ْﺒﺢِ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ ﺗ Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Some favorite people were stated before me, and among them was Umar ibn al-Khattab, the most favorite in my eyes was Umar. "
His manner of responding to the greeting
[792 :]ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻷدب اﳌﻔﺮد." ورﺣﻤﺔ اﻟﻠﻪ، "وﻋﻠﻴﻚ: ﻳﻘﻮل،ﻋﻦ أيب ﺟﻤﺮة "ﺳﻤﻌﺖ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس إذا ﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ AbuJamrah reported, I heard IbnAbbas say when he was greeted, ‘And upon you also, and the mercy of Allah’
ﻋﻠﻤﯽ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ An ocean of knowledge • Bilal was the muaddhin, and IbnAbbas was very knowledgeable. []ﺗﻬﺬﻳﺐ اﻟﺘﻬﺬﻳﺐ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟﻪ اﻟﺤﱪ واﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻟﻜرثة ﻋﻠﻤﻪ
He was called Hibr (greatly learned scholar) and Bahr (ocean) on account of his vast knowledge. • What was the reason? He was very eager to learn. This is how he got ahead of others.
His knowledge
وﻓﻘﻪ، ﻛﺎن اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﴈ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻓﺎق اﻟﻨﺎس ﺑﺨﺼﺎل ﺑﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻘﻪ:ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺘﺒﺔ وﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ أﺣﺪً ا ﻛﺎن أﻋﻠﻢ مبﺎ ﺳﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ، وﺣﻠﻢ وﻧﺴﺐ وﻧﺎﺋﻞ،ﻓﻴام اﺣﺘﻴﺞ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ رأﻳﻪ وﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺸﻌﺮ وﻻ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ وﻻ ﺑﺘﻔﺴري، وﻻ ﺑﻘﻀﺎء أيب ﺑﻜﺮ وﻋﻤﺮ وﻋﺜامن ﻣﻨﻪ وﻻ أﻓﻘﻪ ﰲ رأي ﻣﻨﻪ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ وﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﺠﻠﺲ ﻳﻮ ًﻣﺎ وﻻ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ إﻻ،اﻟﻘﺮآن وﻻ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب وﻻ ﺑﻔﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ وﻻ أﺛﻘﺐ رأﻳًﺎ ﻓﻴام اﺣﺘﻴﺞ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ ، وﻻ رأﻳﺖ ﻋﺎﳌًﺎ َﻗ ﱡﻂ ﺟﻠﺲ إﻟﻴﻪ إﻻ ﺧﻀﻊ ﻟﻪ، وﻳﻮ ًﻣﺎ أﻳﺎم اﻟﻌﺮب،وﻳﻮ ًﻣﺎ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ،وﻳﻮ ًﻣﺎ اﳌﻐﺎزي،وﻳﻮ ًﻣﺎ اﻟﺘﺄوﻳﻞ،اﻟﻔﻘﻪ .ﻋﻠام ً وﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ ﺳﺎﺋﻼً ﻗﻂ ﺳﺄﻟﻪ إﻻ وﺟﺪ ﻋﻨﺪه Ubaydullah b. Ubayd said, IbnAbbas excelled over other people on account of some qualities: His knowledge and understanding of matters regarding which people needed an opinion, his tolerance, lineage, and gift-giving. I have not seen any man more knowledgeable of the statements of the Prophet (s) than him. And no one knew the verdicts of AbuBakr, Omar and Uthman more than him. And no one possessed greater understanding than him in any matter. And no one knew poetry, arabic language, tafseer of the Quran, mathematics, and the science of inheritance better than him. And if there was a matter regarding which one had to give his opinion or make Ijtihad, then no one could do that better than him. One day he would sit and teach nothin but Fiqh, and another day only Tafseer, andother day only Maghazi (history), another day only poetry, another day only the wars of the arabs. I have never seen any aalim except that he became an eager learner in the gathering of IbnAbbas. I have not seen any questioner except that he had something of knowledge. • He narrated many ahadith, and also was most knowledgeable of the verdicts given by companions. • One day he would teach, and only talk about Tafseer, another day only fiqh, another day only history, another day poetry, another day something else. He had fixed days for different subjects.
ﺗﺮﺟامن اﻟﻘﺮآن
[ ﻧﻌﻢ ﺗﺮﺟامن اﻟﻘﺮآن اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ]اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻻﺑﻦ اﺑﯽ ﺧﯿﺜﻤﺔ ﺻﺤﺤﻪ اﻻﻟﺒﺎين: ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ:ﻋﻦ ﻣﴪوق
Masrooq said, that Abdullah b. Masud said, IbnAbbas is an excellent interpreter of the Quran
Memorized Qur’an by the age of ten
ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِﻌﻴ ِﺪ ﺑْ ِﻦ ُﺟ َﺒ ْ ٍري َﻗ َﺎل إِنﱠ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﺗَﺪْ ُﻋﻮﻧَﻪُ اﻟْ ُﻤﻔ ﱠَﺼ َﻞ ُﻫ َﻮ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﺤﻜ َُﻢ َﻗ َﺎل َو َﻗ َﺎل اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس ﺗُ ُﻮ ﱢﰲَ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ [5035:ﺤﻜ ََﻢ ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری ِ ْ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َوأَﻧَﺎ اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ْ ﴩ ِﺳ ِﻨ َني َو َﻗﺪْ َﻗ َﺮأْ ُت اﻟْ ُﻤ Narrated Sa`id bin Jubair, he said: Those Surahs which you people call the Mufassal, are the Muhkam. He said: Ibn `Abbas said, "Allah's Messenger ()ﷺ died when I was a boy of ten years, and I had learnt the Muhkam (of the Qur’an).
Gave verdicts at the age of eighteen
وﻳﻨﻤﻮ وﻋﻴﺎ وإﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎ، ﻛﺎن ﻳﺠﺎﻟﺲ اﻟﻜﺒﺎر وﻳﺴﺘﻤﻊ إﻟﻴﻬﻢ وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﺰداد ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮم ﻋﻠام وﺣﻜﻤﺔ وﻓﻄﻨﺔ . وإدراﻛﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﺔ اﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎ وﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺳﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﻋﴩ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮه He would sit amongst the great schoalrs in their gatherings and listen to them attentively, this is why he increased in his knowledge, wisdom and intelligence every day…. until he began issuing verdicts, and at the time he was 18 years old.
Eager for more knowledge
ﺎب ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ﻟ ﱠَام ﺗُ ُﻮ ﱢﰲَ َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟ ﱠﻠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟ ﱠﻠﻪُ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ُﻗﻠ ُْﺖ ِﻟ َﺮ ُﺟﻞٍ ِﻣ ْﻦ ْاﻷَﻧ َْﺼﺎ ِر ﻳَﺎ ُﻓ َﻼنُ َﻫﻠ ﱠُﻢ َﻓﻠْ َﻨ ْﺴﺄَ ْل أَ ْﺻ َﺤ ٍ اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱢِﻲ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َﻓﺈِﻧﱠ ُﻬ ْﻢ اﻟْ َﻴ ْﻮ َم ﻛَ ِﺜريٌ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َوا َﻋ َﺠ ًﺒﺎ ﻟ ََﻚ ﻳَﺎ اﺑْ َﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس ِ ﺎس ﻳَ ْﺤ َﺘﺎ ُﺟﻮنَ إِﻟَ ْﻴ َﻚ َو ِﰲ اﻟ ﱠﻨ َ ﺎس أَﺗَ َﺮى اﻟ ﱠﻨ ُ ﺎب اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱢِﻲ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ ﺗَ َﺮى َﻓ َ َﱰ َك َذﻟِ َﻚ َوأَ ْﻗ َﺒﻠ ُْﺖ َﻋ َﲆ اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺴﺄَﻟَ ِﺔ َﻓﺈِنْ ﻛَﺎنَ ﻟَ َﻴ ْﺒﻠُ ُﻐ ِﻨﻲ اﻟْ َﺤ ِﺪ ﻳﺚ َﻋ ْﻦ ِ ِﻣ ْﻦ أَ ْﺻ َﺤ ُ اب َﻓ َﻴ ْﺨ ُﺮ ُج َﻓ َ َري ِاين َﻓ َﻴﻘ ُﻮل َﻳﺎ ا ْﺑ َﻦ َﻋ ﱢﻢ ُ اﻟ ﱠﺮ ُﺟﻞِ َﻓﺂﺗِﻴ ِﻪ َو ُﻫ َﻮ َﻗﺎﺋِ ٌﻞ َﻓﺄَﺗَ َﻮ ﱠﺳﺪُ ِر َد ِايئ َﻋ َﲆ َﺑﺎ ِﺑ ِﻪ َﻓ َﺘ ْﺴ ِﻔﻲ اﻟ ﱢﺮ َ اﻟﱰ َ ﻳﺢ َﻋ َﲆ َو ْﺟﻬِﻲ ﱡ ِ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﻣﺎ َﺟﺎ َء ﺑ َِﻚ أَ َﻻ أَ ْر َﺳﻠ َْﺖ إِ َ ﱠﱄ َﻓﺂﺗِ َﻴ َﻚ َﻓﺄَ ُﻗ ُﻮل َﻻ أَﻧَﺎ أَ َﺣ ﱡﻖ أَنْ آﺗِ َﻴ َﻚ َﻓﺄَ ْﺳﺄَﻟُﻪُ َﻋ ْﻦ اﻟْ َﺤ ِﺪ ِ َر ُﺳ ﻳﺚ َﻗ َﺎل َﻓ َﺒ ِﻘ َﻲ اﻟ ﱠﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ [570:ﻫ َﺬا اﻟْ َﻔ َﺘﻰ أَ ْﻋﻘ ََﻞ ِﻣ ﱢﻨﻲ ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﺪارﻣﻲ َ َﲇ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ﻛَﺎن ُ َر ِآين َو َﻗﺪْ ا ْﺟ َﺘ َﻤ َﻊ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ﺎس َﻋ َ ﱠ Ibn Abbas said to man from the ansar when the Prophet (s) had passed away, Let us go to the companions of the Prophet (s) and ask them some questions, they are many. He said, O Ibn Abbas you are amazing.. you think people will come to you to learn when there are so many companions of the MEsenger of Allah? So I left him and went and asked questions. So I would hear about a man who had a hadith of the Prophet (s) so I would do to him in the afternoon but he would be resting at that time. So I would sit at his door and dust would land on my face. When he would come out he would say, O son of the Prophet (s)s uncle How did you come? You should have called me and I would have come to you. I would say, no, I am more worthy to walk to you and I would then ask him about that hadith. That ansari man stayed behind from asking until he saw that people gathered around me (to learn from me), and he said, this young man was more intelligent. • This shows his level of research: he would go to different companions and gather knowledge from them by asking them questions. • The honey bee goes from flower to flower colelcting nectar, and then it produces honey. This is how a student of knowledge is: continue learning, grow more. Keep growing and learning, and do not stop. Once you stop learning you become stagnant, and are no longer a source of benefit for others. And the
one who is not a source of benefit become s burden. What happens to a cow that stops prodcing milk? Either it is slaughtered, or sold… • Keep learning throughout your life. Those who gain knwoeldge of Quran and HAdith remain wise and aware until the end of their lives. They dont suffer from decrepit old age.
Omar (r)’s praise for him
ﻟﻪ ﻟﺴﺎن،وﻗﺪ أﺛﻨﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺎب رﴈ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﻮل ﻋﻨﻪ"ذﻟﻚ ﻓﺘﻰ اﻟﻜﻬﻮل ." وﻗﻠﺐ ﻋﻘﻮل،ﺳ ُﺌﻮل Many people spoke hihgly of IbnAbbas including Omar (r). He would say about him, ‘This is a noble youth, he has a tongue that asks a lot, and a heart that understands a lot.’
Omar (r) included him in his meetings on account of his knowledge
ِ ﻋﻦ َﻋ ٍ ﺎﺻﻢ ْﺑﻦ ﻛُﻠَ ْﻴ ٍﺐ َﻗ َﺎل َﻗ َﺎل َأ ِيب َﻓ َﺤﺪﱠ ﺛَ َﻨﺎ ِﺑ ِﻪ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﴈ َ ِ ﺎس َر َ ِ ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام َﻗ َﺎل َو َﻣﺎ أَ ْﻋ َﺠ َﺒ َﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ َذﻟِ َﻚ ﻛَﺎنَ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ َر [85:ﻤﻮا ]ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ ِ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨﻪُ إِ َذا َد َﻋﺎ ْاﻷَﺷْ َﻴﺎخَ ِﻣ ْﻦ أَ ْﺻ َﺤ ُ ﺎب ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﷺ َد َﻋ ِﺎين َﻣ َﻌ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻻ ﺗَ َﺘﻜَﻠ ْﱠﻢ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ َﻳ َﺘﻜَﻠﱠ When Omar (r) would call the elder companions for a meeting, he would also call me (IbnAbbas) and would say that you do not say anything until one of them speaks.
ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻬ َام َﻗ َﺎل ﻛَﺎنَ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ﻳُﺪْ ِﺧﻠُ ِﻨﻲ َﻣ َﻊ أَﺷْ َﻴﺎخِ ﺑَﺪْ ٍر َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ﺑَ ْﻌﻀُ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻟِ َﻢ ﺗُﺪْ ِﺧ ُﻞ َﻫ َﺬا اﻟْ َﻔ َﺘﻰ َﻣ َﻌ َﻨﺎ َوﻟَ َﻨﺎ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ ِ ﺎس َر َ أَﺑْ َﻨﺎ ٌء ِﻣ ْﺜﻠُﻪُ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل إِﻧﱠﻪُ ِﻣ ﱠﻤ ْﻦ َﻗﺪْ َﻋﻠِ ْﻤ ُﺘ ْﻢ َﻗ َﺎل َﻓﺪَ َﻋﺎ ُﻫ ْﻢ َذ ات ﻳَ ْﻮ ٍم َو َد َﻋ ِﺎين َﻣ َﻌ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻗ َﺎل َو َﻣﺎ ُرﺋِﻴﺘُﻪُ َد َﻋ ِﺎين ﻳَ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ إِ ﱠﻻ ﻟِ ُ ِريﻳَ ُﻬ ْﻢ اﻟﺴﻮ َر َة ِ ﺎس ﻳَﺪْ ُﺧﻠُﻮنَ ِﰲ ِد َ َﴫ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َواﻟْ َﻔ ْﺘ ُﺢ َو َرأَﻳْ َﺖ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ﻳﻦ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ أَ ْﻓ َﻮا ًﺟﺎ{ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ َﺧ َﺘ َﻢ ﱡ ُ ْ ِﻣ ﱢﻨﻲ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻣﺎ ﺗَﻘُﻮﻟُﻮنَ ِﰲ}إِ َذا َﺟﺎ َء ﻧ ُﴫﻧَﺎ َو ُﻓ ِﺘ َﺢ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َو َﻗ َﺎل َﺑ ْﻌﻀُ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻻ ﻧَﺪْ رِي أَ ْو ﻟ َْﻢ َﻳﻘ ُْﻞ َﺑ ْﻌﻀُ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﺷَ ْﻴ ًﺌﺎ ْ ِ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﺑ ْﻌﻀُ ُﻬ ْﻢ أُ ِﻣ ْﺮﻧَﺎ أَنْ ﻧَ ْﺤ َﻤﺪَ اﻟﻠﱠﻪَ َوﻧ َْﺴ َﺘ ْﻐ ِﻔ َﺮ ُه إِ َذا ﻧ ِ ُﻮل ُﻗﻠ ُْﺖ ُﻫ َﻮ أَ َﺟ ُﻞ َر ُﺳ ُ اك ﺗَﻘ ُ ُﻮل ُﻗﻠ ُْﺖ َﻻ َﻗ َﺎل َﻓ َام ﺗَﻘ ٍ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ِﱄ َﻳﺎ ا ْﺑ َﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﷺ أَ ْﻋﻠَ َﻤﻪُ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ ﻟَﻪُ }إِ َذا َﺟﺎ َء َ ﺎس أَﻛَ َﺬ اك َﻋ َﻼ َﻣ ُﺔ أَ َﺟﻠِ َﻚ} َﻓ َﺴ ﱢﺒ ْﺢ ِﺑ َﺤ ْﻤ ِﺪ َرﺑﱢ َﻚ َو ْاﺳ َﺘ ْﻐ ِﻔ ْﺮ ُه إِﻧﱠﻪُ ﻛَﺎنَ ﺗَ ﱠﻮاﺑًﺎ{ َﻗ َﺎل ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ َﻣﺎ أَ ْﻋﻠ َُﻢ ِﻣ ْﻨ َﻬﺎ إِ ﱠﻻ َ َﴫ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َواﻟْ َﻔ ْﺘ ُﺢ{ َﻓ ْﺘ ُﺢ َﻣﻜﱠ َﺔ َﻓ َﺬ ُ ْﻧ [4294:َﻣﺎ ﺗَ ْﻌﻠ َُﻢ ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری Narrated Ibn `Abbas: `Umar used to admit me (into his house) along with the old men who had fought in the Badr battle. Some of them said (to `Umar), "Why do you allow this young man to enter with us, while we have sons of his own age?" `Umar said, "He is among those people whose (excellence in knowledge) you already know" One day `Umar called them and called me along with them, I had thought he called me on that day to show them something about me (i.e. my knowledge). `Umar asked them, "What do you say about (the Surah): [Surah Nasr] Until he recited the whole Surah. Some of them replied, "We are ordered to praise Allah and repent to Him if we are helped and granted victory." Some said, "We do not know." Others kept quiet. `Umar then said to me, O Ibn Abbas! "Do you say similarly?" I said, "No." He said: "What do you say then?" I said, "This Verse indicates the approaching of the death of Allah's Messenger ( )ﷺof which Allah
informed him. When comes the help of Allah and the Conquest, i.e. the Conquest of Mecca, that is the sign of your Prophet's approaching death, so testify the uniqueness of your Lord (i.e. Allah) and praise Him and repent to Him as He is ready to forgive." On that, `Umar said, "I do not know about it anything other than what you know.”
Advice for IbnAbbas regarding the gathering of Omar
ْ َﻓﺎﺣﻔ،ﻴﻚ ِ َﻗ َﺎل ِﱄ أَﺑُﻮ اﻟ َﻌ ﱠﺒ:ﺎس رﴈ اﻟﻠﻪُ ﻋﻨﻬام ٍ َﻗ َﺎل اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ:َو َﻗ َﺎل اﻟﺸﱠ ْﻌﺒ ﱡِﻲ َﻻ:َﻆ َﻋ ﱢﻨﻲ ﺛـ َ َﻼﺛًﺎ َ ِ ﻳَﺎ ﺑُ َﻨ ﱠﻲ! إِنﱠ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ﻳُﺪﻧ:ﺎس ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪة ﺧري ﻣﻦ: ﻗﻠﺖ ﻻﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس: ﻗﺎل اﻟﺸﻌﺒﻲ. َو َﻻ ُﻳ َﺠ ﱢﺮ َﺑ ﱠﻦ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ َﻚ ﻛَ ِﺬ ًﺑﺎ، َو َﻻ ﺗَ ْﻐ َﺘﺎ َﺑ ﱠﻦ ِﻋ ْﻨﺪَ ُه أَ َﺣﺪً ا،ﴎا ٍّ ِ ُﺗُﻔ ِْﺸ َ ﱠني ﻟَﻪ . ﺑﻞ ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪة ﺧري ﻣﻦ ﻋﴩة آﻻف: ﻓﻘﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس،أﻟﻒ Sha’bi said, IbnAbbas said that AbuAbbas said to me, O my son, Omar (r) makes you sit near him, remember three things: never disclose any secret of his, never backbite anyone befor ehim, and he should never experience any lie with you. Sha’bi said, I said, Each of these (instructions) are worth a thousand dirham. IbnAbbas said, Each advice is worth more than ten thousand dirham.
The rulers sought verdicts from him
ﺎس أَ ْﺳﺄَﻟُﻪُ َﻋ ْﻦ ِاﻻ ْﺳ ِﺘ ْﺴﻘَﺎ ِء َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ ۔۔۔ إِ ْﺳ َﺤ َﻖ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ْﺑ ِﻦ ِﻛ َﻨﺎﻧَ َﺔ ۔۔۔ َﻗ َﺎل أَ ْر َﺳﻠَ ِﻨﻲ أَ ِﻣ ٌري ِﻣ ْﻦ ْاﻷُ َﻣ َﺮا ِء إِ َﱃ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﴬ ًﻋﺎ َﻓ َﺼ ﱠﲆ ﺎس َﻣﺎ َﻣ َﻨ َﻌﻪُ أَنْ َﻳ ْﺴﺄَﻟَ ِﻨﻲ َﺧ َﺮ َج َر ُﺳ ُﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ُﻣ َﺘ َﻮ ِاﺿ ًﻌﺎ ُﻣ َﺘ َﺒ ﱢﺬ ًﻻ ُﻣ َﺘﺨَﺸﱢ ًﻌﺎ ُﻣ َﺘ َ ﱢ [1521 :ﻫ ِﺬ ِه ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﯽ َ َرﻛْ َﻌ َﺘ ْ ِني ﻛ ََام ﻳُ َﺼ ﱢﲇ ِﰲ اﻟْ ِﻌﻴﺪَ ﻳْ ِﻦ َوﻟ َْﻢ ﻳَ ْﺨﻄُ ْﺐ ُﺧﻄْ َﺒ َﺘﻜ ُْﻢ It was narrated from Hisham bin Ishaq bin Abdullah bin Kinanah that: His father said: "One of the governors sent me to Ibn Abbas to ask him about the prayer for rain. He said: 'What kept him from asking me? The Messenger of Allah ( )ﷺwent out humbly, (dressed) in a state of humility, submissiveness and beseeching, and he prayed two rak'ahs as in the Eid prayer, but he did not deliver a Khutbah like this Khutbah of yours.'"
The gatherings of IbnAbbas were free of falsehood
وﻣﺎ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻓﺘﻮى أﺷﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨﺔ، "ﻣﺎ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﰲ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﺎﻃﻼً ﻗﻂ:وﻗﺎل اﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﴈ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ ."ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﻮاه Qasim b. Muhammad said, I never heard any false statement in the gathering of IbnAbbas, and I never heard any verdict that resembled the Sunnah than his verdict.
Crowds of people in his gathering
ﻣﺠﻠﺴﺎ ﻟﻮ أن ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻓﺨﺮت ﺑﻪ ﻟﻜﺎن ﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻘﺪ رأﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﴈ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ:ﻋﻦ أيب ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻗﺎل ً . ﻓام ﻛﺎن أﺣﺪ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﲆ أن ﻳﺠﻲء وﻻ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ،اﻟﻔﺨﺮ؛ ﻟﻘﺪ رأﻳﺖ اﻟﻨﺎس اﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮا ﺣﺘﻰ ﺿﺎق ﺑﻬﻢ اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ
AbuSalih said, I saw a gathering of IbnAbbas that if all the people of Quraysh felt proud of it then it was worth being proud of. I saw that people had gathered together such that the road became tight, no one could come or go. • There were so many people who came to learn from him that streets would become crowded
ﺎس َﻓﺎ ْﺣ َﺘ َﺒ ْﺴ ُﺖ أَﻳﱠﺎ ًﻣﺎ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻣﺎ َﺣ َﺒ َﺴ َﻚ ُﻗﻠ ُْﺖ اﻟْ ُﺤ ﱠﻤﻰ َﻗ َﺎل إِنﱠ َر ُﺳ َﻮل ٍ ﺎس َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َ ﻋﻦ أَ ُيب َﺟ ْﻤ َﺮ َة َﻗ َﺎل ﻛُ ْﻨ ُﺖ أَ ْد َﻓ ُﻊ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ]2649:]ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ ﻫﺎ مبِ َﺎ ِء َز ْﻣ َﺰ َم َ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﷺ َﻗ َﺎل اﻟْ ُﺤ ﱠﻤﻰ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻓ ْﻴﺢِ َﺟ َﻬ ﱠﻨ َﻢ َﻓﺄَﺑْ ِﺮ ُدو
AbuJamrah said, I would keep the crowd away from IbnAbbas, but I was not able to go for some days, when I went next IbnAbbas asked why I had not come. I said, I had fallen ill. He said, the Prophet (s) said, fever is heat from the heat of hell, cool it with the water of zamzam.
Referring to those who had more knowledge than him
ٍ ﺎس ِﺑ َﻌ َﺮ َﻓ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِﻌﻴ ِﺪ ﺑْ ِﻦ ُﺟ َﺒ ْ ٍري َﻗ َﺎل ﻛُ ْﻨ ُﺖ َﻣ َﻊ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس ﻳُﻠَ ﱡﺒﻮنَ ُﻗﻠ ُْﺖ ﻳَﺨَﺎ ُﻓﻮنَ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِوﻳَ َﺔ َ ﺎت َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻣﺎ ِﱃ ﻻَ أَ ْﺳ َﻤ ُﻊ اﻟ ﱠﻨ ِ َﺎس ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻓ ْﺴﻄ [3006:ﲆ ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎيئ ٍ َﻓ َﺨ َﺮ َج ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎﻃ ِﻪ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ﻟَ ﱠﺒ ْﻴ َﻚ اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ ﻟَ ﱠﺒ ْﻴ َﻚ ﻟَ ﱠﺒ ْﻴ َﻚ َﻓﺈِﻧﱠ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻗﺪْ ﺗَ َﺮﻛُﻮا ﱡ اﻟﺴ ﱠﻨ َﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺑﻐ ِْﺾ َﻋ ِ ﱟ
It was narrated that Saeed bin Jubair said: "I was with Ibn Abbas in Arafat and he said: 'Why do I not hear the people reciting Talbiyah?' I said: They are afraid of Muawiyah.' So Ibn Abbas went out of his tent and said: "Labbaik Allahumma Labbaik, Labbaik! They are only forsaking the Sunnah out of hatred for Ali.'"
He dressed well in order to debate with the khawarij • - Khawarij were those who in reality had left Islam while they considered themselves to be the best muslims. In addition to many crimes, they claimed that if anyone committed a sin they had left the fold of Islam and were to be killed. They rejected the faith of the companions also.
َﻓﻠَﺒ ِْﺴ ُﺖ.ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ﻟ ﱠَام َﺧ َﺮ َﺟ ِﺖ اﻟْ َﺤ ُﺮو ِرﻳﱠ ُﺔ أَﺗَ ْﻴ ُﺖ َﻋﻠِ ٍّﻴﺎ رﴇ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل اﺋ ِْﺖ َﻫ ُﺆﻻَ ِء اﻟْ َﻘ ْﻮ َم ٍ َﺣﺪﱠ ﺛَ ِﻨﻰ َﻋ ْﺒﺪُ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس َﻓﺄَﺗَ ْﻴ ُﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻓﻘَﺎﻟُﻮا ٍ ﺎس َر ُﺟﻼً َﺟ ِﻤﻴﻼً َﺟ ِﻬ ًريا َﻗ َﺎل ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ أَ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ َﻣﺎ َﻳﻜُﻮنُ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﺣﻠَﻞِ اﻟْ َﻴ َﻤ ِﻦ َﻗ َﺎل أَ ُﺑﻮ ُز َﻣ ْﻴﻞٍ َوﻛَﺎنَ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ِ ﲆ ﻟَ َﻘﺪْ َرأَﻳْ ُﺖ َﻋ َﲆ َر ُﺳ ﻮل اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺻﲆ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ أَ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ٍ َﻣ ْﺮ َﺣ ًﺒﺎ ﺑ َِﻚ ﻳَﺎ اﺑْ َﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ﺎس َﻣﺎ َﻫ ِﺬ ِه اﻟْ ُﺤﻠﱠ ُﺔ َﻗ َﺎل َﻣﺎ ﺗَ ِﻌﻴ ُﺒﻮنَ َﻋ َ ﱠ [4039 : ]اﺑﻮداود. َِﻣﺎ ﻳَﻜُﻮنُ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟْ ُﺤﻠَﻞ Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: When the Haruriyyah made a revolt, I came to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Go to these people. I then put on the best suit of the Yemen. AbuZumayl (a transmitter) said: Ibn Abbas was handsome and of imposing countenance. Ibn Abbas said: I then came to them and they said: Welcome to you, Ibn Abbas! what is this suit of clothes? I said: Why are you objecting to me? I saw over the Messenger of Allah ()ﷺ the best suit of clothes.
Four thousand Khawarij repented after this debate • He was so convincing in his argument.
ﺎس َﻓ َﻨ َﺰﻟُﻮا ِﺑﺄَ ْر ٍض ﻳُﻘ َُﺎل ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨﻪُ ﻟ ﱠَام ﻛَﺎﺗ ََﺐ ُﻣ َﻌﺎ ِوﻳَ َﺔ َو َﺣﻜ ََﻢ اﻟْ َﺤﻜ ََامنِ َﺧ َﺮ َج َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َمثَﺎﻧِ َﻴ ُﺔ َآﻻ ٍف ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻗ ﱠﺮا ِء اﻟ ﱠﻨ ِ ِإنﱠ َﻋ ِﻠ ٍّﻴﺎ َر ِ َ ْﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ِﻤ ٍ ﻟَ َﻬﺎ َﺣ ُﺮو َرا ُء ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺟﺎﻧِ ِﺐ اﻟْﻜُﻮ َﻓ ِﺔ َوإِﻧﱠ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻋ َﺘ ُﺒﻮا َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َﻓﻘَﺎﻟُﻮا اﻧ َْﺴﻠَﺨ َ ﻴﺺ أَﻟْ َﺒ َﺴﻜَﻪُ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ ﺗَ َﻌ َﺎﱃ َو ْاﺳ ٍﻢ َﺳ ﱠام َك اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ ﲇ َﻋ ْﺒﺪَ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺑْ َﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ ﺗَ َﻌ َﺎﱃ ِﺑ ِﻪ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ اﻧْﻄَﻠَﻘ َ ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ ْﺖ َﻓ َﺤﻜﱠ ْﻤ َﺖ ِﰲ ِد ِ ﻳﻦ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﻓ َﻼ ُﺣﻜ َْﻢ إِ ﱠﻻ ﻟِﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺗَ َﻌ َﺎﱃَ ....ﻓ َﺒ َﻌ َﺚ إِﻟَ ْﻴﻬ ِْﻢ َﻋ ِ ﱞ ﺎس َر ِ َ ﺎس َﻓﻘ ََﺎل َﻳﺎ َﺣ َﻤﻠَ َﺔ اﻟْ ُﻘ ْﺮآنِ إِنﱠ َﻫ َﺬا َﻋ ْﺒﺪُ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﻋ ْﻨﻪُ َﻓ َﺨ َﺮ ْﺟ ُﺖ َﻣ َﻌﻪُ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ إِ َذا ﺗَ َﻮ ﱠﺳﻄْ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺴﻜَ َﺮ ُﻫ ْﻢ َﻗﺎ َم ا ْﺑ ُﻦ اﻟْﻜَ ﱠﻮا ِء َﻳ ْﺨﻄُ ُﺐ اﻟ ﱠﻨ َ ﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ ﺎب اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﻣﺎ ﻳَ ْﻌ ِﺮ ُﻓﻪُ ِﺑ ِﻪ َﻫ َﺬا ِﻣ ﱠﻤ ْﻦ ﻧَ َﺰ َل ِﻓﻴ ِﻪ َو ِﰲ ﴈ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋ ْﻨﻪُ َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ ﻟ َْﻢ ﻳَﻜُ ْﻦ ﻳَ ْﻌ ِﺮ ُﻓﻪُ َﻓﺄَﻧَﺎ أُ َﻋ ﱢﺮ ُﻓﻪُ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻛ َﺘ ِ ﺎس َر ِ َ ﺎب اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﺎب اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ َﻓﻘَﺎ َم ُﺧﻄَ َﺒﺎ ُؤ ُﻫ ْﻢ َﻓﻘَﺎﻟُﻮا َواﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ﻟَ ُﻨ َﻮ ِاﺿ َﻌ ﱠﻨﻪُ ِﻛ َﺘ َ َﻗ ْﻮ ِﻣ ِﻪ} َﻗ ْﻮ ٌم ﺧ َِﺼ ُﻤﻮنَ { َﻓ ُﺮ ﱡدو ُه إِ َﱃ َﺻﺎ ِﺣ ِﺒ ِﻪ َو َﻻ ﺗُ َﻮ ِاﺿ ُﻌﻮ ُه ِﻛ َﺘ َ ﺎﻃﻞٍ ﻟَ ُﻨ َﺒﻜﱢ َﺘ ﱠﻨﻪُ ِﺑ َﺒ ِ َﻓﺈِنْ َﺟﺎ َء ِﺑ َﺤ ﱟﻖ ﻧَ ْﻌ ِﺮ ُﻓﻪُ ﻟَ َﻨ ﱠﺘ ِﺒ َﻌ ﱠﻨﻪُ َوإِنْ َﺟﺎ َء ِﺑ َﺒ ِ ﺎب ﺛـ َ َﻼﺛَ َﺔ أَﻳﱠ ٍﺎم َﻓ َﺮ َﺟ َﻊ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﺎﻃﻠِ ِﻪ َﻓ َﻮاﺿَ ُﻌﻮا َﻋ ْﺒﺪَ اﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ اﻟْ ِﻜ َﺘ َ أَ ْر َﺑ َﻌ ُﺔ َآﻻ ٍف ﻛُﻠﱡ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﺗَﺎﺋِ ٌﺐ ِﻓﻴﻬ ِْﻢ ا ْﺑ ُﻦ اﻟْﻜَ ﱠﻮا ِء ]ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ]656:
He sent his children and servants to learn knowledge
ﲇ اﻧْﻄَﻠِﻘَﺎ إِ َﱃ أَ ِيب َﺳ ِﻌﻴ ٍﺪ َﻓ ْﺎﺳ َﻤ َﻌﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ِﺪﻳ ِﺜ ِﻪ َﻓﺎﻧْﻄَﻠَ ْﻘ َﻨﺎ َﻓﺈِ َذا ُﻫ َﻮ ِﰲ َﺣﺎﺋِ ٍﻂ َﻋ ْﻦ ِﻋﻜْ ِﺮ َﻣ َﺔ َﻗ َﺎل ِﱄ اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ٍ ﺎس َو ِﻻﺑْ ِﻨ ِﻪ َﻋ ِ ﱟ ﻳُ ْﺼﻠِ ُﺤﻪُ َﻓﺄَ َﺧ َﺬ ِر َدا َء ُه َﻓﺎ ْﺣ َﺘ َﺒﻰ ﺛُ ﱠﻢ أَﻧْﺸَ ﺄَ ﻳُ َﺤﺪﱢ ﺛُ َﻨﺎ َﺣ ﱠﺘﻰ أَ َىت ِذﻛْ ُﺮ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ ِء اﻟْ َﻤ ْﺴﺠِ ِﺪ َﻓﻘ ََﺎل ﻛُ ﱠﻨﺎ ﻧَ ْﺤ ِﻤ ُﻞ ﻟَ ِﺒ َﻨ ًﺔ ﻟَ ِﺒ َﻨ ًﺔ َو َﻋ ﱠام ٌر ﻟَ ِﺒ َﻨ َﺘ ْ ِني اب َﻋ ْﻨﻪُ َو َﻳﻘ ُ ُﻮل َو ْﻳ َﺢ َﻋ ﱠام ٍر ﺗَ ْﻘ ُﺘﻠُﻪُ اﻟْ ِﻔ َﺌ ُﺔ اﻟْ َﺒﺎ ِﻏ َﻴ ُﺔ َﻳﺪْ ُﻋﻮ ُﻫ ْﻢ إِ َﱃ اﻟﱰ َ ﻟَ ِﺒ َﻨ َﺘ ْ ِني َﻓ َﺮآ ُه اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱡِﻲ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ َﻓ َﻴ ْﻨﻔ ُُﺾ ﱡ َ اﻟْ َﺠ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َوﻳَﺪْ ُﻋﻮﻧَﻪُ إِ َﱃ اﻟ ﱠﻨﺎ ِر َﻗ َﺎل ﻳَﻘ ُ ُﻮل َﻋ ﱠام ٌر أَ ُﻋﻮ ُذ ﺑِﺎﻟﻠﱠ ِﻪ ِﻣ ْﻦ اﻟْ ِﻔ َ ِنت ) .ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري(447: Narrated `Ikrima: Ibn `Abbas said to me and to his son `Ali, "Go to Abu Sa`id and listen to what he narrates." So we went and found him in a garden looking after it. He picked up his Rida', wore it and sat down and started narrating till the topic of the construction of the mosque reached. He said, "We were carrying one adobe at a time while `Ammar was carrying two. The ) Prophetﷺ( saw him and started removing the dust from his body and said, "May Allah be Merciful to `Ammar. He will be inviting them (i.e. his murderers, the rebellious group) to Paradise and they will invite him to Hell-fire." `Ammar ”said, "I seek refuge with Allah from affliction.
ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس Methodology
وﻛﺎن اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﴈ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ أﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻔﴪي اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻣﻊ أﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن أﺻﻐﺮﻫﻢ ﺳﻨﺎً ،وﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺞ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴريه ﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ أن ﻳﺮﺟﻊ إﱃ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻤﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ،وﻣﺎ ﺳﻤﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻓﺈن مل ﻳﺠﺪ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً اﺟﺘﻬﺪ رأﻳﻪ ]ﺳرية اﻟﺼﺤﺎيب ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس[ IbnAbbas was of the most famous mufassireen from among the companions despite the fact that he was the youngest of them in age. Of his methodology in Tafseer of the Book of Allah was that he would refer to what he had heard from the Messenger of Allah and what he had heard from
the companions. IF he did not find anything, then he would use his own ijtihad and opinion. • There are many statements of IbnAbbas regarding Tafseer.
Knowledgable of the background of revelation
ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ﻟ ﱠَام أُ ْﺧﺮ َِج اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱡِﻲ َﺻ ﱠﲆ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َﻋﻠَ ْﻴ ِﻪ َو َﺳﻠ َﱠﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣﻜﱠ َﺔ َﻗ َﺎل أَ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜْ ٍﺮ أَ ْﺧ َﺮ ُﺟﻮا ﻧَ ِﺒ ﱠﻴ ُﻬ ْﻢ إِﻧﱠﺎ ﻟِﻠﱠ ِﻪ َوإِﻧﱠﺎ إِﻟَ ْﻴ ِﻪ ٍ َﻋ ْﻦ ا ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ َﴫ ِﻫ ْﻢ ﻟَ َﻘ ِﺪﻳ ٌﺮ َﻓ َﻌ َﺮ ْﻓ ُﺖ أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﺳ َﻴﻜُﻮنُ ِﻗ َﺘ ٌﺎل ِ ْ َراﺟِ ُﻌﻮنَ ﻟَ َﻴ ْﻬﻠِﻜُ ﱠﻦ َﻓ َﻨ َﺰﻟ َْﺖ أُ ِذنَ ﻟِﻠﱠ ِﺬﻳ َﻦ ﻳُﻘَﺎﺗَﻠُﻮنَ ِﺑﺄَﻧﱠ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻇُﻠِ ُﻤﻮا َوإِنﱠ اﻟﻠﱠﻪَ َﻋ َﲆ ﻧ ِ ﺎس َﻓﻬ َِﻲ أَ ﱠو ُل آﻳَ ٍﺔ ﻧَ َﺰﻟ َْﺖ ِﰲ اﻟْ ِﻘ َﺘ [3085:ﺎل ]ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎيئ ٍ َﻗ َﺎل اﺑْ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ
It was narrated that Ibn Abbas said: “When the Prophet was expelled from Makkah, Abu Bakr said to him: ‘They have driven out their Prophet, verily to Allah we belong and to Him we return. They are surely doomed.’ Then it was revealed: ‘Permission to fight (against disbelievers) is given to those (believers) who are fought against, because they have been wronged; and surely, Allah is able to give them (believers) victory.’ Then I knew that there would be fighting.” Ibn Abbas said: “This is the first Verse that was revealed concerning fighting.”
Examples of Tafseer by Ibn Abbas ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﲆ اﳌﺆﻣﻨني أن ﻫﺬا: ﻗﺎل.[1 : ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮا اﻟﻠﻪ وأﺻﻠﺤﻮا ذات ﺑﻴﻨﻜﻢ ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل:ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ٌ ﻳﺘﻘﻮا اﻟﻠﻪ وأن [304:] ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻷدب اﳌﻔﺮد
. ﻳﺼﻠﺤﻮا ذات ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ
(Regarding the ayat): "وأصلحوا ذات بينكم فاتقوا اهللFear Allah and put things right between you," (8:1), Ibn 'Abbas said, "This is an injunction from Allah to the believers to fear Allah and to put things right between them."
، " ﰲ ﻏري إﴎاف:[ ﻗﺎل39 : وﻣﺎ أﻧﻔﻘﺘﻢ ﻣﻦ ﳾء ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﺨﻠﻔﻪ وﻫﻮ ﺧري اﻟﺮازﻗني ]ﺳﺒﺄ:ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ [344 : ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد."وﻻ ﺗﻘﺘري In commenting on the words of Allah Almighty, "Anything you spend will be replaced by Him. and He is the best of Providers," (34:39) Ibn 'Abbas said, "without extravagance or miserliness." [346 :]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد
." "اﳌﺒﺬرﻳﻦ ﰲ ﻏري ﺣﻖ: اﳌﺒﺬرﻳﻦ ﻗﺎل:ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas that he said: "the squanderers" were those who waste money incorrectly.
" "اﻟﻐﻨﺎء وأﺷﺒﺎﻫﻪ:[ ﻗﺎل6 : }وﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﱰي ﻟﻬﻮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ{ ]ﻟﻘامن: ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ:ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس
[607:]ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻷدب اﳌﻔﺮد
Ibn 'Abbas said that the words of Allah عزوجلin Luqman (35:6), "There are people who trade in distracting tales" mean "singing and things like it."
ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل ﻻ أرى أﺣﺪاً ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺬه اﻵﻳﺔ ﻳﺎ أﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس إﻧﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ ذﻛﺮ وأﻧﺜﻰ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻠﻎ إن أﻛﺮﻣﻜﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ أﺗﻘﺎﻛﻢ ]اﻟﺤﺠﺮات [13 :ﻓﻴﻘﻮل اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞ أﻧﺎ أﻛﺮم ﻣﻨﻚ! ﻓﻠﻴﺲ أﺣﺪٌ أﻛﺮم ﻣﻦ أﺣ ٍﺪ إﻻ ﺑﺘﻘﻮى اﻟﻠﻪ ]ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻷدب اﳌﻔﺮد[693 :
Ibn 'Abbas said, "I do not know anyone who acts by this ayat: 'Mankind! We created you from a male and a female, and made you into peoples and tribes so that you might come to know each other. The noblest among you in Allah's sight is the one with the most taqwa.' (49:13) One man says to another man, 'I am more noble than you are.' No one is nobler than another person except by Allah’s "taqwa.
A false interpretation attributed to him
وﻗﺪ ﻧُﺴﺐ ﻟـ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺗﻔﺴري ُﺳ ﱢﻤﻲ "ﺗﻨﻮﻳﺮ اﳌﻘﺎﺑﻴﺲ" ﻃُﺒﻊ ﻣﺮاراً ﰲ ﻣﴫ ،وﺗﺪور رواﻳﺎت اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻋﲆ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ واﺣﺪ ،ﻫﻮ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺴﺪي اﻟﺼﻐري ،ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺐ اﻟﻜﻠﺒﻲ ،ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ؛ وﻫﺬه اﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺗﻌﺮف ﺑﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺬب] .ﺳرية اﻟﺼﺤﺎيب ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس[ • This is a tafsser that is falsely attributed to him, so one must be careful regarding this.
Death
ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﰲ آﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎت ﺳﻨﺔ مثﺎن وﺳﺘني وﺻﲆ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ وﻗﺎل اﻟﻴﻮم ﻣﺎت رﺑﺎين ﻫﺬه اﻷﻣﺔ وﻛﺎن ﻣﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺋﻒ He passed away in 68 A.H. in Taaif.
Some statements of IbnAbbas
ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس؛ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل اﺣﻔﻈﻮا أﻧﺴﺎﺑﻜﻢ ،ﺗﺼﻠﻮا أرﺣﺎﻣﻜﻢ؛ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺣﻢ إذا ﻗﺮﺑﺖ ،وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪة ،وﻻ ﻗﺮب ﺑﻬﺎ إذا ﺑﻌﺪت ،وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ،وﻛﻞ رﺣﻢ أﺗﻴﻪ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ أﻣﺎم ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻬﺎ ،ﺗﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺼﻠﺔ؛ إن ﻛﺎن وﺻﻠﻬﺎ، وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻘﻄﻴﻌﺔ؛ إن ﻛﺎن ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ] .ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد[54 : ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل:ﻟﻮ أن ﺟﺒﻼً ﺑﻐﻰ ﻋﲆ ﺟﺒﻞ ﻟﺪُك اﻟﺒﺎﻏﻲ" ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد[458 : IbnAbbas said, If a mountain were to oppress another mountain, Allah could crush the rebellious one.
ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل " :اﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﺗﻜﻔﺮ ،واﻟﺮﺣﻢ ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ،ومل ﻧﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻘﺎرب اﻟﻘﻠﻮب".
]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد[198 :
IbnAbbas said, Blessings are denied, relationships are severed, and we have not seen anything like the unity of hearts.
ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل" :ﻋﺠﺒﺖ ﻟﻠﻜﻼب واﻟﺸﺎء؛ إن اﻟﺸﺎء ﻳﺬﺑﺢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا ،وﻳﻬﺪى ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا ،واﻟﺸﺎء أﻛرث ﻣﻨﻬﺎ! واﻟﻜﻠﺐ ﺗﻀﻊ اﻟﻜﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪة ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا"].ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد[448 : IbnAbbas said, I am amazed with dogs and goats. Each year so many goats are slaughtered and so many are sent to MAkkah for ritual slaughter, and yet there are
so many of them! And a dog gives birth to similar number of puppies and they are no slaughtered, yet they are few in number.
اﻟ ﱠﻠﻪُ أَ َﻋ ﱡﺰ،اﻟ ﱠﻠﻪُ أَ َﻋ ﱡﺰ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺧ ْﻠ ِﻘ ِﻪ َﺟ ِﻤﻴ ًﻌﺎ،اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ أَﻛ َ ُْﱪ:َﺎف أَنْ ﻳَ ْﺴﻄُ َﻮ ﺑﻚ َﻓﻘ ُْﻞ ٍ َﻋ ِﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ ُ إ َذا أَﺗَ ْﻴ َﺖ ُﺳﻠْﻄَﺎﻧًﺎ َﻣﻬِﻴ ًﺒﺎ ﺗَﺨ:ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ِ اﻟﺴ َام َو ﴍ ُ ِﻣ ﱠام أَﺧ ات ﱠ أَ ُﻋﻮ ُذ ﺑِﺎﻟﻠ ِﻪ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﻻَ إﻟَﻪَ إِﻻﱠ ُﻫ َﻮ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻤ ِﺴ ُﻚ ﱠ،َﺎف َوأَ ْﺣ َﺬ ُر ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ﱢ، اﻟﺴ ْﺒﻊِ أَنْ ﻳَ َﻘ ْﻌ َﻦ َﻋ َﲆ اﻷَ ْر ِض إِﻻﱠ ِﺑﺈِ ْذﻧِ ِﻪ َﺟ ﱠﻞ ﺛَ َﻨﺎؤُك َو َﻋ ﱠﺰ َﺟﺎ ُرك، ﴍ ِﻫ ْﻢ اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ ﻛُ ْﻦ ِﱄ َﺟﺎ ًرا ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ﱢ،َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ َك ُﻓﻼنٍ َو ُﺟ ُﻨﻮ ِد ِه َوأَﺗْ َﺒﺎ ِﻋ ِﻪ َوأَﺷْ َﻴﺎ ِﻋ ِﻪ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﺠِ ﱢﻦ َوا ِﻹﻧ ِْﺲ َ َ َوﻻ إﻟَﻪَ ﻏ ْ َُريك ﺛ،َوﺗَ َﺒﺎ َر َك ْاﺳ ُﻤﻚ ٍ ﻼث َﻣ ﱠﺮ [549: ]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد.ات IbnAbbas said when you come to an oppressive ruler and you fear that he will oppress you then say:
ِ اﻟﺴ َام َو ات ُ اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ أَ َﻋ ﱡﺰ ِﻣ ﱠام أَﺧ،اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ أَ َﻋ ﱡﺰ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺧﻠْ ِﻘ ِﻪ َﺟ ِﻤﻴ ًﻌﺎ،اﻟﻠﱠﻪُ َأﻛ َ ُْﱪ َأ ُﻋﻮ ُذ ﺑِﺎﻟﻠ ِﻪ اﻟﱠ ِﺬي ﻻَ إﻟَﻪَ إِﻻﱠ ُﻫ َﻮ اﻟْ ُﻤ ْﻤ ِﺴ ُﻚ ﱠ،َﺎف َوأَ ْﺣ َﺬ ُر اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ ﻛُ ْﻦ ِﱄ،ﴍ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ َك ُﻓﻼنٍ َو ُﺟ ُﻨﻮ ِد ِه َوأَﺗْ َﺒﺎ ِﻋ ِﻪ َوأَﺷْ َﻴﺎ ِﻋ ِﻪ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟْﺠِ ﱢﻦ َوا ِﻹﻧ ِْﺲ ﱠ ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ﱢ، اﻟﺴ ْﺒﻊِ أَنْ ﻳَ َﻘ ْﻌ َﻦ َﻋ َﲆ اﻷَ ْر ِض إِﻻﱠ ِﺑﺈِ ْذﻧِ ِﻪ َوﻻ إﻟَﻪَ ﻏ ْ َُريك، َﺟ ﱠﻞ ﺛَ َﻨﺎؤُك َو َﻋ ﱠﺰ َﺟﺎ ُرك َوﺗَ َﺒﺎ َر َك ْاﺳ ُﻤﻚ، ﴍ ِﻫ ْﻢ َﺟﺎ ًرا ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ﱢ ."ﲇ ﺟﻠﻴﴘ ّ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس"أﻛﺮم اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋ
[877 :]ﺻﺤﯿﺢ اﻻدب اﳌﻔﺮد
IbnAbabs said, The most important person near me is my companion • Those who work closely with us…. how close are we to them? They deserve the best treatment from us.
100:ﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ﺎس َﻗ َﺎل ﺿَ ﱠﻤ ِﻨﻲ ٍ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛَ َﻨﺎ ُﻣ َﺴ ﱠﺪ ٌد َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛَ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﻟْ َﻮار ِِث َﻋ ْﻦ ﺧَﺎﻟِ ٍﺪ َﻋ ْﻦ ِﻋﻜْ ِﺮ َﻣ َﺔ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ- 3756 اﻟ ﱠﻨﺒ ﱡِﻲ ﷺ إِ َﱃ َﺻ ْﺪ ِر ِه َو َﻗ َﺎل اﻟﻠﱠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ َﻋﻠﱢ ْﻤ ُﻪ اﻟْ ِﺤﻜْ َﻤ َﺔ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛَ َﻨﺎ أَﺑُﻮ َﻣ ْﻌ َﻤ ٍﺮ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛَ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﻟْ َﻮار ِِث َو َﻗ َﺎل ﺎب َ َﻋﻠﱢ ْﻤ ُﻪ اﻟْ ِﻜ َﺘ It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pressed me to his chest and said, 'O Allah, teach him wisdom!" 'Abdu'l-Warith related that he said, "Teach him the Book!" • In our next lesson we will learn about what Hikmah is. • Homework: Hug your child and make this dua for him. • Qur’an is Hikmah and the sunnah also teaches us hikmah.
101:ﺣﺪﻳﺚ
ﻮﳻ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛَ َﻨﺎ ُو َﻫ ْﻴ ٌﺐ َﻋ ْﻦ ﺧَﺎﻟِ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﺜﻠ َُﻪ َواﻟْ ِﺤﻜْ َﻤ ُﺔ ْاﻹ َِﺻﺎﺑَ ُﺔ ِﰲ ﻏ ْ َِري اﻟ ﱡﻨ ُﺒ ﱠﻮ ِة َ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛَ َﻨﺎ ُﻣ
Khalid related the like of it. Wisdom consists of being correct in things which are not part of prophethood.
• Having the right, correct opinion regarding matters, besides what we have learnt from the Prophet (s).
