Electronic supplementary material to the ms: Highly dynamic bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity above the atmospheric boundary layer Authors: Ulla Li Zweifel, Åke Hagström, Karin Holmfeldt, Runar Thyrhaug, Camilla Geels, Lise Marie Frohn, Carsten A. Skjøth, and Ulrich Gosewinkel Karlson Table S1. Bacterial consensus sequences were assembled from partial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries based on >97% sequence similarity. Date: 14 July 2009 Consensus Taxonomic affiliation sequence nr based on BLAST search 3 4 5 8
Pseudomonas graminis Cyanobacterium Cyanobacterium Sphingomonadaceae bacterium 9 Sphingomonas sp. 10 Lautropia sp. 12 Acetobacteraceae bacterium 14 Massilia sp. 15 Haemophilus parainfluenzae 16 Paenibacillus sp. 17 Bergeyella sp. 18 Exiguobacterium sp. 19 Pelomonas sp. 20 Staphylococcus sp. 21 Bacteroidetes bacterium 22 Bacteroidetes bacterium 23 Bacteroidetes bacterium Total n sequences Date: 16 July 2009 Consensus Taxonomic affiliation sequence nr based on BLAST search 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Acidobacteria bacterium Cyanobacterium Acidobacteria bacterium Cyanobacterium Cyanobacterium Cyanobacterium Bacteroidetes bacterium Sphingomonas sp. Cyanobacterium Alphaproteobacterium Unknown bacterium Sphingomonas sp. Rhodobacter sp. Bacteroidetes bacterium Cyanobacterium Propionibacterium acnes Alphaproteobacterium Bacteroidetes bacterium
n sequences in GenBank accession consensus number of individual sequences 13 JF268819‐ JF268831 2 JF268832, JF268833 1 JF268834 1 JF268835 1 2 1
JF268836 JF268805, JF268806 JF268807
1 1
JF268808 JF268809
2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 32
JF268810, JF268811 JF268812 JF268813 JF268814 JF268815 JF268816 JF268817 JF268818
n sequences in GenBank accession consensus number of individual sequences 12 JF268837 ‐ JF268848 10 JF268872 ‐ JF268881 5 JF268892 ‐ JF268896 3 JF268903 ‐ JF268905 3 JF268906 ‐ JF268908 1 JF268909 5 JF268910 ‐ JF268914 2 JF268915 ‐ JF268916 1 JF268917 3 JF268849 ‐ JF268851 2 JF268852, JF268853 2 JF268854, JF268855 3 JF268856 ‐ JF268858 2 JF268859, JF268860 2 JF268861, JF268862 6 JF268863 ‐ JF268868 1 JF268869 1 JF268870
19 20 21 22 24 25
Bacteroidetes bacterium Erwinia persicinus Unknown bacterium Bacteroidetes bacterium Bacteroidetes bacterium Enterobacteriaceae bacterium 26 Betaproteobacterium 27 Brevundimonas sp. 28 Betaproteobacterium 29 Unknown bacterium 30 Unknown bacterium 31 Pseudomonas sp. 32 Nocardioides sp. 33 Lactobacillus sp. 34 Acidobacteria bacterium 35 Lactobacillus sp. 36 Unknown bacterium Total n sequences Date: 22 July 2009 Consensus Taxonomic affiliation sequence nr based on BLAST search 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
1 2 3 1 2 1
JF268871 JF268882, JF268883 JF278153 ‐ JF278155 JF268884 JF268885, JF268886 JF268887
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 86
JF268888 JF268889, JF268890 JF268891 JF278156 JF278157 JF268897 JF268898 JF268899, JF268900 JF278158 JF268901 JF268902
n sequences in GenBank accession consensus number of individual sequences Rahnella sp. 15 JF268918 ‐ JF268932 Sphingomonas sp. 10 JF268942 ‐ JF268951 Cyanobacterium 7 JF268963 ‐ JF268969 Sphingomonas sp. 1 JF268978 Cyanobacterium 2 JF268979, JF268980 Sphingomonas sp. 1 JF268981 Alphaproteobacterium 1 JF268982 Rhodobacter sp. 1 JF268983 Alphaproteobacterium 1 JF268984 Alphaproteobacterium 1 JF268933 Herbaspirillum sp. 1 JF268934 Unknown bacterium 6 JF278159 ‐ JF278162 Massilia sp. 1 ABLUc23 Betaproteobacterium 1 ABLUc24 Aurantimonas sp. 1 JF268937 Brevundimonas sp. 2 JF268938, JF268939 Acinetobacter sp. 1 JF268940 Variovorax sp. 1 JF268941 Actinobacteria bacterium 1 JF268952 Nocardioides sp. 1 JF268953 Clostridium sp. 2 JF268954, JF268955 Hymenobacter sp. 1 JF268956 Hymenobacter sp. 1 JF268957 Bacteroidetes bacterium 1 JF268958 Staphylococcus sp. 1 JF268959 Streptococcus sp. 1 JF268960 Bacteroidetes bacterium 1 JF268961 Bacteroidetes bacterium 1 JF268962 Pedobacter sp. 1 JF268970 Streptococcus sp. 1 JF268971 Pedobacter sp. 1 JF268972 Chryseobacterium sp. 1 JF268973 Propionibacterium acnes 1 JF268974
35 Acidobacteria bacterium 36 Lactobacillus sp. Total n sequences Date: 2 August 2009 Consensus Taxonomic affiliation sequence nr based on BLAST search 1 2 3 4 5
Sphingomonas sp. Sphingomonas sp. Pedobacter sp. Pedobacter sp. Agrobacterium tumefaciens 6 Methylobacterium sp. 7 Massilia sp. 8 Betaproteobacterium 9 Methylobacterium sp. 11 Sphingomonas sp. 12 Pseudomonas syringae 13 Alphaproteobacterium 14 Cyanobacterium 15 Pseudomonas sp. 16 Betaproteobacterium 17 Pedobacter sp. 18 Aurantimonas sp. 19 Rhizobium sp. 20 Betaproteobacterium 21 Bacteroidetes bacterium 22 Clostridium sp. 23 Pantoea agglomerans 24 Bacteroidetes bacterium 25 Bacteroidetes bacterium 26 Rathayibacter sp. 27 Streptococcus sp. 29 Aggregatibacter sp. 30 Lactococcus sp. Total n sequences Date: 8 August 2009 Consensus Taxonomic affiliation sequence nr based on BLAST search 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Sphingomonas sp. Sphingomonas sp. Alphaproteobacterium Paracoccus sp. Alphaproteobacterium Methylobacterium sp. Alphaproteobacterium Rhizobium sp. Frigoribacterium sp. Bacteroidetes bacterium Bacteroidetes bacterium Aurantimonas sp. Plantibacter sp. Bacteroidetes bacterium
2 1 73
JF268975, JF268976 JF268977
n sequences in GenBank accession consensus number of individual sequences 15 JF268985 ‐ JF268999 1 JF269011 7 JF269025 ‐ JF269031 3 JF269033 ‐ JF269035 3 JF269036 ‐ JF269038 1 3 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 62
JF269039 JF269040 ‐ JF269042 JF269043, JF269044 JF269045, JF269046 JF269000 JF269001, JF269002 JF269003 JF269004 JF269005 JF269006 JF269007 JF269008, JF269009 JF269010 JF269012 JF269013 JF269014 JF269015 ‐ JF269017 JF269018, JF269019 JF269020, JF269021 JF269022 JF269023 JF269024 JF269032
n sequences in GenBank accession consensus number of individual sequences 31 JF269047 ‐ JF269077 1 JF269093 1 JF269104 1 JF269107 1 JF269108 1 JF269109 1 JF269110 1 JF269111 3 JF269112 ‐ JF269114 3 JF269078 ‐ JF269080 1 JF269081 1 JF269082 1 JF269083 3 JF269084 ‐ JF269086
16 Pseudomonas sp. 17 Rathayibacter sp. 18 Pseudomonas sp. 19 Massilia sp. 20 Kineococcus sp. 21 Erwinia persicina 22 Clostridium sp. 23 Pedobacter sp. 24 Bacillus sp. 26 Unknown bacterium 27 Segibacter sp. 28 Chryseobacterium sp. 29 Clostridiium sp. 30 Bacteroidetes bacterium 31 Flavisolibacter sp. 32 Unknown bacterium 33 Unknown bacterium Total n sequences Date: 9 August 2009 Consensus Taxonomic affiliation sequence nr based on BLAST search 2 4 5
Sphingomonas sp. Sphingomonas sp. Pseudomonas sp.
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Pseudomonas sp. Alphaproteobacterium Alphaproteobacterium Alphaproteobacterium Pantoea agglomerans Rhizobium sp. Massilia sp. Betaproteobacterium Acidobacteria bacterium Unknown bacterium Microbacterium sp. Clostridium sp. Betaproteobacterium Unknown bacterium Firmicutes bacterium Firmicutes bacterium Firmicutes bacterium Jeotgalicoccus sp. Alphaproteobacterium Clostridium sp. Propionibacterium sp. Acidobacteria bacterium Pedobacter sp. Total n sequences
2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 70
JF269087, JF269088 JF269089 JF269090 JF269091, JF269092 JF269094 JF269095 JF269096 JF269097, JF269098 JF269099 JF269100 JF269101 JF269102 JF269103 JF269105 JF269106 JF278163 JF278164
n sequences in GenBank accession consensus number of individual sequences 23 JF269127 ‐ JF269149 1 JF269160 6 JF269160, JF269162 ‐ JF269166 1 JF269167 1 JF269168 1 JF269169 1 JF269170 4 JF269115 ‐ JF269118 1 JF269119 1 JF269120 1 JF269121 1 JF269122 1 JF269123 1 JF269124 1 JF269125 1 JF269126 2 JF278165, JF278166 1 JF269150 1 JF269151 2 JF269152, JF269153 1 JF269154 1 JF269155 1 JF269156 2 JF269157, JF269158 1 JF278167 1 JF269159 59
Table S2. Non‐bacterial consensus sequences assembled from partial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries on >99% sequences similarity.
Date: 14 July 2009 Consensus Taxonomic sequence nr affiliation based on BLAST search 1 Magnoliophyta, chloroplast 2 Magnoliophyta, chloroplast 3 Pinaceae, chloroplast 4
Poaceae, chloroplast 5 Bryophyta, chloroplast 9 Magnoliophyta, mitochondria 10 Poaceae, mitochondria 14 Bryophyta, mitochondria 16 Magnoliophyta, mitochondria Total n sequences Date: 16 July 2009 Consensus Taxonomic sequence nr affiliation based on BLAST search ‐ NO NON‐ BACTERIAL SEQUENCES Date: 22 July 2009 Consensus Taxonomic sequence nr affiliation based on BLAST search 16 Bryophyta, chloroplast Total n sequences Date: 2 August 2009 Consensus Taxonomic sequence nr affiliation based on BLAST search 13 Magnoliophyta, chloroplast 35 Pinaceae, chloroplast Total n sequences Date: 8 August 2009 Consensus Taxonomic sequence nr affiliation based on BLAST search
n sequences in consensus 14
GenBank accession number of individual sequences JF278100 ‐ JF278114
3
JF278097 ‐ JF278099
6 1
JF278091, JF278092, JF278094 ‐ JF278096, JF278112 JF278093
2
JF278115, JF278116
5
JF268794 ‐ JF268798
3
JF268799 ‐ JF268801
1
JF268792
1
JF268793
36
n sequences in consensus ‐
GenBank accession number of individual sequences ‐
n sequences in consensus 1
GenBank accession number of individual sequences JF278117
1
n sequences in consensus 4
GenBank accession number of individual sequences JF278118 ‐ JF278121
1
JF278122
5
n sequences in consensus
GenBank accession number of individual sequences
19
Magnoliophyta, chloroplast 23 Bryophyta, chloroplast 34 Magnoliophyta, mitochondria 43 Oomycetes, mitochondria Total n sequences Date: 9 August 2009 Consensus Taxonomic sequence nr affiliation based on BLAST search 1 Magnoliophyta, chloroplast 4 Bryophyta, chloroplast 5 Machantiophyta, chloroplast Total n sequences
3
JF278124 ‐ JF278126
1
JF278123
2
JF268802, JF268803
1
JF268804
7
n sequences in consensus
1
GenBank accession number of individual sequences JF278127 ‐ JF278144, JF278147 ‐ JF278150 JF278145, JF278146, JF278152 JF278151
26
22 3
Fig. S1. Phylogenetic tree (maximum likelihood) of plant‐related 16S rRNA gene sequences. Reference sequences (>1400 bp) are shown in regular font followed by GenBank accession numbers. The OTUs identified in this study are marked in bold and followed by sampling month‐date and the designated number of each consensus sequence. Consensus sequence assembly was based on >99% sequence similarity. The number of sequences in each consensus and the accession number of individual sequences is provided in Table S2. The taxonomic affiliation of the OTUs was deduced from a BLAST search and a set of rules as outlined in Experimental procedures. Phylogenetic relationships were bootstrapped 1,000 times and values >50% are shown.