Multi-Frequency Body Composition Analyzer MC-180MA Instruction Manual

GB Multi-Frequency Body Composition Analyzer MC-180MA E Instruction Manual Please read this Instruction Manual carefully and keep it handy for fut...
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Multi-Frequency Body Composition Analyzer MC-180MA

E

Instruction Manual

Please read this Instruction Manual carefully and keep it handy for future reference. Copyright © 2005 TANITA Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

MC1807001(1)

Contents

GB

Applications (safety precautions) (cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

Benefits 1. This product is simple to use, and requires no specialized facilities or expertise to take measurements. 2. Measurements can be taken quickly and easily, causing minimal inconvenience to the patient during measurments.

Before use

•This equipment can be used in the screening of certain adult diseases and conditions related to body weight and composition. •It can be used in the monitoring and prevention of conditions caused by excessive deposits of fat tissue such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cholelithiasis and fatty liver. •It can be used in the monitoring of changes in individuals‘ body composition related to differences in the ratio of fat tissue to lean. •It can be used to assess the effectiveness of individuals‘ nutrition and exercise programmers, both for health and physical fitness.

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Safety Notes •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••4 Instructions ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••6 • Explanation of terminology ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••7

Part names / Connection procedure •••••••••8 • Using the touch panel •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••9

Preparation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••10 Various settings•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••12

How to measure

••••••••••••••

24

When used as a body composition analyser •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••24 When used as scales ••••••••••••••••••••••••••36 Explanation of printouts ••••••••••••••••••••••38 Assessment criteria ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••40 Troubleshooting •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••42 Connection to PC •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••44 Technical notes •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••52 New Regression Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) ••••••••••••58 Product specifications•••••••••••••••••••••••••60

MC-180MA

2

3

Safety Notes

must be observed

GB

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Place the equipment on a stable and level surface.

Do not jump on the equipment.

Do not lean on the equipment.

This symbol indicates the possibility of physical injury or equipment damage if instructions are ignored.

This symbol indicates details of any prohibitions.

This symbol indicates details of any compulsory measures.

Compulsory

Prohibited

Before use

Warning Caution

This symbol indicates the possibility of death or serious injury if the product is mishandled or instructions are ignored.

Caution

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

These symbols are used to indicate safe and correct use of the equipment, and to prevent injury to users or damage to the product. Please review these symbols and their meanings before proceeding with this instruction manual.

Prohibited

Warning The power cord must be connected to a 3-pin plug (with an earth terminal).

Compulsory

Individuals fitted with electronic medical devices, such as pacemakers, must not use this product.

Prohibited

Failure to do so may result in an electric shock or leakage.

This product passes a very small electrical current through the body, which may cause such electronic medical devices to operate erroneously, with possibly serious consequences.

Do not handle the plug with a wet hand.

Do not connect too many plugs to a single socket.

Prohibited

Do not attempt to disassemble or remodel this product.

Failure to do so may result in injury due to the individual stumbling over, or measurement may not be possible.

Such action may result in injury due to the indivdual stumbling over.

Such action may result in injury due to the indivdual stumbling over.

• Do not insert your finger into any gaps or holes in this equipment. Such action may result in injury. • Clean the electrode panels and their peripheries with alcohol before measurement. Failure to do so may result in the spread of contagious disease, because the equipment comes into contact with bare hands and feet.

Prohibited

Such action may result in electric shock or injury, and may impair the productユs accuracy.

Touch panel

• Before use, ensure that this equipment does not interfere electromagnetically with other electronic devices that are susceptible to electromagnetic interference. This equipment is designated a Class B IT equipment (mainly for systems intended to be used in domestic environments) and CE (EMC), but weak equipment may be affected. • When it is moved; • Remove the power cord from the main unit. Failure to do so may result in damage.

Prohibited Handle for moving

Such action may result in electric shock, fire, or leakage.

Such action may result in fire.

• Do not attempt to assess the analysis results or to base an exercise routine on them by yourself. Always heed to your doctor’s or qualified expert’s advice. • Physically disabled persons should not attempt to take measurements alone, but should have their caretakers assist them in using the device. • Distance from water Do not use this product near a water supply or in any other place where it may become wet. The product is liable to fail or produce erroneous readings if wet.

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Electrode panels (x 8)

• Grip the handle for moving at the top, tilt the unit until the adjusteble foot are off the floor, and wheel it along on the casters. Do not attempt to pick the unit up, as such action may result in a back injury. • Touch panel • Avoid any impact on the panel Such action may result in injury if the panel is broken, as it is made of glass. • Do not leave water droplets for prolonged periods. Prolonged exposure to water may result in deformation, color change, staining or blistering. • Do not operate with a pointed object. Such action may result in failure.

Casters (x 2)

Adjusteble foot (x 4) Feet must be screwed upwards into the base while moving.

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Instructions GB

GB

Do not take measurements in areas subject to significant temperature changes.

Prohibited

The results may be erroneous. Please ensure that the individual being measured is sufficiently rested first.

Prohibited

The results may be erroneous. In the event of the product being moved somewhere with a temperature difference of 20˚C or more, do not use for at least 2 hours after such a relocation.

Do not attempt to take measurements after excessive consumption of either food or drink, or while dehydrated.

Prohibited Measurements are significantly affected by changes in bodily water volume and body temperature. It is therefore recommended that measurements be taken after going to the toilet, and ideally measurements should be taken at the same time every day under the same conditions.

• Do not use this equipment near other products that emit electromagnetic waves. Erroneous operation is possible as a result of interference with certain lighting equipment, medical instruments, and communications equipment (such as inverter fluorescent lighting, microwave therapy devices, and mobile phones), so these factors should be checked before use. • Bare feet should be placed correctly on the electrode panel for measurement. Incorrect positioning may result in a lower fat % than is actually the case, or an error message may be shown. Feet should be positioned on the heel and toe electrodes on each side in roughly equal proportions as indicated in the illustration on the right.

This product is precisely manufactured and accurately calibrated. Please observe the following instructions to ensure best results.

Installation

• Do not position in direct sunlight, in areas subject to airflow directly from an air conditioner, or near a heater. • Do not position in locations subject to significant temperature fluctuation. • Do not position in locations subject to high humidity or near a water supply. • Do not position on surfaces subject to strong vibration. • Do not position in close proximity to stored chemicals, or where gas is generated.

Handling

• Do not wash with water. • Avoid subjecting the equipment to excessive shock or vibration. • Do not unplug the power cord by pulling on the cord. • When it is not to be used for a prolonged period, turn off the power, and unplug the power cord.

Storage

• Do not store on a surface subject to strong vibration. • Do not store in locations subject to high humidity or dust. • Do not store in locations subject to temperatures outside its storage range. • When it has not been used for a long time, confirm it can be operated correctly and safely before use. • Cover the main unit to prevent it from becoming dirty.

Clean-up

• Do not wipe the equipment with hot water, benzene. Please use a damp cloth or a neutral detergent to clean the equipment, and wipe it dry with a dry cloth immediately afterwards.

Before use

Do not take measurements immediately after strenuous exercise.

For accurate measurements

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

For correct measurement

Explanation of terminology This equipment and the attached instruction manual use expressions including terminology sited in the NAWI directive. Please review the following terminology explanations before use.



• Place arms straight down during measurement. Other positions may induce a lower than actual fat %, or an error message may be shown. • As far as possible, you should try to take measurements under the same conditions each day in order to determine any fluctuations. Otherwise, errors may be observed in the measured value. In order to enhance overall accuracy, measurements should be taken at the same time every day, but not during the three hours after getting up in the morning, or three hours after meals. • Clean any dust or dirt from the palms and soles of the feet before measurement. Such contaminants may induce a lower than actual fat %, or an error message may be shown. • Avoid contact between the arms and torso, and between the inner thighs. Such contact may induce a lower than actual fat %, or an error message may be shown. If they come into contact because the measurement is being taken while naked or partially naked, a dry towel or similar should be used as a barrier during measurement.

• Max (Maximum capacity) This shows the maximum weight that can be measured by the scale. [Example] In the case of “Max = 270 kg”, it can be used to measure an individual up to 270 kg. * Individuals exceeding the weight capacity cannot be measured. • e (Minimum graduation) This shows the amount of one scale mark (graduation). In the case of a digital display, this shows the numeric interval value. [Example] In the case of e = 0.05 kg”, the display increases or decreases in intervals of 0.05 kg. • PT To measure the body weight more accurately, the “Preset Tare Deduction” function automatically subtracts the pre-input weight of the clothes (TARE). The pre-input weight of the clothes is called “Preset Tare” (PT).

Temperature Range for Use : 5°C / 35°C Relative Humidity : 30% / 80%



Monitoring any fluctuations is recommended for reference for the following types of people.

Temperature Range of Environment : -10°C / 50°C Range of Relative Humidity : 10% / 90% (without condensation) To prevent malfunction, do not store the equipment in direct sunlight or subject it to significant changes in temperature. Do not store in damp or dusty areas, near a fire or where the equipment may be subject to vibration or shock.

• Patients undergoing artificial dialysis or with swellings

Method of abandoning product • When disposing of this unit, please do so in accordance with the prevailing regulations in each country.

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Model Name Voltage Range Frequency Range Electric Current Range

Value Range MC-180MA 230VAC 50 / 60Hz 2.5A

On Caution Refer to the attached notes.

Off

Input, Output Conformity with Medical Device Directive 93/42/EEC

Type BF applied part

Class I equipment

Clothes Weight Setting

Alternating current

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Part names / Connection procedure GB

GB

• Allen wrench x 1 (to assemble the column)

Using the touch panel After turning on the power, follow the procedure below.

Touch panel

Back Left handgrip

•Operation

ON

Before use

• Power cord x 1

Right handgrip

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

Check accessories

Handle for moving (back)

•Measurement OFF

• Hexagon socket setscrews / washers x 2 each (to assemble the column)

• Main unit cover x 1 (for storage)

Power switch

USB

Printer cable connection RS-232C

Mode setting buttons

Computer Connection • We do not supply computers. If connecting a computer, please ensure that it is IEC60601-1 (EN60601-1) compliant, or follow the IEC60601-1-1 (EN60601-1-1) environment settings for products that conform to IEC60950 (EN60950). • Before using the USB port, read “Connection to PC” ( page 58). Printer Connection (optional) • We do not supply printers. Please select one that is IEC60601-1 (EN60601-1) compliant, or follow the IEC60601-1-1 (EN60601-1-1) setting conditions for products that conform to IEC60950 (EN60950). • The installation manual provided with the printer must be read before setting up the printer.

• Instruction manual (this book)

Checking the level • For accurate measurement, position the scale to be as level as possible. • Rotate the four height-adjustable foot so that the air bubble in the level gauge is perfectly centered.

•Setting e Press Set

Caution

• Dropper x 1 ( page 42)

e Select measurement mode (body composition analyzer / weight only (i.e. scales)).

Used to change each function setting. Maintenance mode button cannot be used by

(general customers ) Cancel button Used to cancel a setting.

Next button Level gauge

Used to display the next setting screen.

Toe electrodes

Back button

black ring

Power cord connection

AC 230V 50/60 Hz

Used to return to the previous screen.

air bubble

Heel electrodes

Status when the level gauge is viewed from above

Enter button Used to set the input information.

Adjustable foot (x 4)

Measuring platform

Clear button Used to correct the input.

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Preparation

Setting up the main unit

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1

Check the top and bottom of the box and remove the main unit.

2

Warning • The main unit is very heavy and should therefore be taken out by two or more people. Attempting to do this alone may result in serious injury.

black ring

Positioning the column upright. Raise the column until the lever clicks to indicate it is in a locked position.

air bubble

Status when the level gauge is viewed from above

Warning • During assembly, be careful not to insert or trap a finger, foot or suchlike in the movable part of the column. Such action may result in serious injury.

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Connect the power cord.

Warning •The power cord must be connected to a 3-pin plug (with earth terminal). Failure to do so may result in an electric shock or leakage.

Note • Unlocking the column to lay it flat Press the tab just below the moving edge to release the lock lever, and then gently lower the column.

6

Lock lever

3

Before use

• Please allow the retail sales staff to open the package and assemble the main unit.

Rotate the height-adjustable feet (at the four corners) to level the unit, and confirm that the air bubble in the level gauge is dead center.

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

4

Request

Secure the column and measuring platform tightly using the included screws and washers.

ON

Turn on the power. The screen counts down from “99999”, “88888”, “77777” to “00000” before displaying the initial screen.

OFF





Warning

s





s

s

• During assembly, hold the column firmly to prevent it toppling over, and use the Allen button supplied to tighten up the screws.

Note • If an “Error” message is shown; Refer to “Troubleshooting” ( page 42) for details.

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11

Various settings

How to set

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• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

Turn on the power • The initial screen is displayed. ON

3

On the “Setting item selection” screen,

4

Input the current date and time

press

(Date and Time)

1

Before use

1

Setting the date and time

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

Activating the setting screen

• The input screen for “Set Date, Time and Year” is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.)

ON

OFF OFF

Back

2

• Input the year, month, date, and time (hours and minutes) in sequential two-digit format as indicated. Example: To input 9:47 a.m. on January 21st, 2006; 9:47 a.m., January 21, 2006

Press

Set

1

2

1

2

0

6

0

9

4

7

Use the 24-hour clock. e.g. 6 p.m. would be input as 1

(Initial screen)

8

0

0 .

Month: 12 Date: 12 Year: 2006

Press the (Set button).

Notes • Input first in the case of single-digit numbers (0~9) 0 • To erase erroneous input, e Press Clear (Input data is deleted.) • To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing the date and time.) • After inputting the item displayed, e Press Next (The next input item is selected.)

• “Setting item selection” screen is displayed.

(Setting item selection screen)

1

Register the date and time. (

2

Setting the measurement mode. (

3

Setting of screen display items. (

4

Setting up the printer. (

5

Setting up of print items. (

page 18)

6

Adjust printing position. (

page 19)

7

Setting the communication details. (

8

Setting the touch panel. (

: After setting, press screen.

12

Back

page 13) page 14) page 15)

page 16)

page 20)

5

Press

Enter

after all items have been input

• Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen.

Notes • To return to the previous item, e Press Before .

page 21) to return to the initial

Notes •The clock function is backed up by rechargeable batteries, but if it is not used for a prolonged period (two weeks or more), the setting is cleared naturally as the rechargeable batteries discharge, so this must be reset. (Charging time: 5 hours or more) • Once all settings have been made, • When various settings are performed in sequence, on the “Setting item ePress each number to be set. e Press Back • Set details are retained until next modified. selection” screen. (Returns to the initial screen.)

13

Various settings

How to set (continued)

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Setting the measurement mode (continued from page 12)

3

Setting of screen display items (continued from page 12)

3

On the “Setting item selection” screen,

(1) Press

2

(Measurement mode)

• The “Measurement mode selection” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is shown as the following screen.)

• Athletic selection e Decide whether or not to select “Athletic” on the screen as the “Body Type”.( page 28) • Unit to input height e Input and output units can be switched between millimetres and centimeters. • Decide whether or not an ID number is to be input. Any ID number that is input is displayed, printed and output serially together with measurement results. Serial ID: Specify : [Check before measurement] to enable input of the ID number. The input ID number is automatically increased serially after each measurement. ID : The ID number input screen is shown after measuring the weight (or immediately after that if skipped). If [Check before measurement] it is specified, the ID number can be changed. It does not increase serially after measurement, and the next user must input their ID.

• It is recommended to select “Athletic” for individuals aged 18 or more who consider themselves to be athletes or to whom the following conditions apply, and to use measured values for reference. • People who do 12 or more hours of training (exercise) a week • Members of gymnastics or sports organizations aiming to participate competitively • People such as bodybuilders who undergo training to build up muscles • Sports professionals

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4

Press Enter • Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. (

• When various settings are performed in sequence, ePress each number to be set. • Set details are retained until next modified.

(1) Press 3 (Display item)

• To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel . (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing any details that have been set.)

page 12)

Press Next

• Pressing the or mark beside each item switches the selection. * Items marked with an are not displayed on the screen for measurement results ( page 31) or the screen for whole body details ( page 32).

indicates current selection, and options.

d

(2) Select items to be displayed

Notes

indicates alternative

Notes • To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing any items to be displayed on the screen.) • To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing the date and time.) • To re-input the previous item, e Press Back (The previous input item is selected.)

•Stand-by screen e Select whether or not the stand-by screen display function is to be activated or not. When ON is selected, the stand-by screen is displayed for five minutes after the last operation while the measuring platform is clear.

“Athletic”

item

• The “Display item selection – Body composition analyzer (1)” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.)

(2) Select functions

Power switch (back)

On the “Setting selection” screen:

Before use

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

4

Press Enter • Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. ( page 12)

• Once all settings have been made, on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to e Press Back the initial screen.)

15

Various settings

How to set (continued)

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Setting up the printer (continued from page 12)

3

On the “Setting selection” screen:

item

(2) (4)

(1) Press 4 (printer)

ON

• The “Printer Setting” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is shown as the following screen.)

(2) Setting of operation •

Before use

Printer Connection Example

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

external

indicates current selection, and alternative options.

OFF

(5)

(1)

printer

(3)

indicates

(3) Setting of automatic printing after measurement •

indicates current selection, and alternative options.

indicates

* While OFF is selected, a printout is issued only when Print is pressed on the “Measurement results” screen. * If the external printer operation is turned OFF , nothing is printed even if 1sheet or 2sheets is selected.

(4) Set to automatically end after printing

Power switch (back)



indicates current selection, and alternative options.

indicates

appear only when the Quit button is pressed.

4 16

page 12), select “ 4 Printer”, press printer operation ON , and the number of sheets to print 1sheet (or 2sheets ). (3) Prepare operation of the printer. * Refer to the manual provided with the printer. (Check ink settings and operation, etc.) * Printing is not possible until at least 10 seconds after the printer has been turned on.

(4) Connect the attached printer cable as per the above illustration. (5) Set the dedicated printing forms. * Insert from the top of the printing form when setting. (Refer to the following illustration.)

s

* When in ON mode, the “Measurement preparation” screen will automatically appear only when 1sheet or 2sheets is specified for automatic printing after measurement; the “Measurement preparation” screen will appear automatically when printing finishes. * When in OFF mode, the "Measurement preparation" screen will

(1) Turn on the power on the main unit. (2) On the “Setting item selection” screen (

Press

4

Form insertion direction

Press Enter • Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. ( page 12)

• When various settings are performed in sequence, ePress each number to be set. • Set details are retained until next modified. • Once all settings have been made, on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to e Press Back the initial screen.)

d

• The ink lamp starts to flash once the ink volume falls below a level sufficient to print another 100 forms. (It is recommended that the ink be replaced as soon as possible after the lamp starts flashing.)

17

Various settings

How to set (continued)

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Setting up of print items (continued from page 12)

3

On the “Setting selection” screen:

3

item

(1) Press 5 (Printing item)

s

• The “Printing item setting – Body composition analyzer (1)” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.)

Adjust printing position

• When various settings are performed in sequence, ePress each number to be set. • Set details are retained until next modified.

18

(Print position selection)

• The “Adjust printing position” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.)

Cross mark

• To confirm the printing position, e Press Test Print . Adjust so that the printing position adjustment mark on the form and cross mark for printing are perfectly aligned. ( pages 38 and 39) • To return the printing position to its initial status, e Press Clear (Returns all numeric values to 0.0.) • To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing the printing position.) • To confirm the printing position, e Press Enter (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen.)

Notes

4

6

Notes

• To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing any items to be displayed on the screen.) • To re-input the previous item, e Press Back (Returns to the "Printing item selection (1)" screen without changing the print items.)

• Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. ( page 12)

(1) Press

• The printing position can be adjusted in the direction indicated by the arrow in 0.1mm increments. (Adjustable range: ±10.0)

• Pressing the or mark beside each item switches the selection.

Press Enter .

On the “Setting item selection” screen:

(2) Adjust the printing position

Press Next

(2) Select items to be printed.

Power switch (back)

(continued from page 12)

Before use

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

4

Press Enter • Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. (

page 12)

• Once all settings have been made, on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to the initial screen.) e Press Back

19

Various settings

How to set (continued)

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Setting the communication details (continued from page 12)

3

On the “Setting selection” screen:

Setting the touch panel (continued from page 12)

3

item

(1) Press 7 (Communication Selection)

On the “Setting item selection” screen:

(1) Press

8

(Touch panel)

Before use

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

• The “Touch Panel Selection” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is shown as the following screen.)

• The “Communication selection” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.)

(2) Select a communication port •

indicates current selection, and alternative options.

indicates

(2) Select the touch panel (Brightness) setting • The touch panel darkens with each touch of the

(3) Select a flow control •

indicates current selection, and alternative options.

touch of the

indicates current selection, and alternative options.

button, and brightens with each

button.

indicates

Notes • To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing any function items.)

(4) Select a baud rate •

Bright

Dark

indicates

Notes Power switch (back)

• To terminate the input process, e Press Cancel (Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen without changing any function items.) • Select USB or RS-232C, Hardware, and 9600 to use the dedicated application supplied. ( the attached CDROM manual.) • When an application other than that supplied is used, change the settings to suit the software.

4

Press Enter

• Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. (

page 12)

• Returns to the “Setting item selection” screen. ( page 12)

• When various settings are performed in sequence, ePress each number to be set. • Set details are retained until next modified.

20

4

Press Enter

• Once all settings have been made, on the “Setting item selection” screen. (Returns to the initial screen.) e Press Back

21

Various settings

How to set (continued)

GB

GB

2

On the initial screen:

Notes

Press Clothes

• The input range for clothes weight (PT) is 0.00 ~ 10.00 kg. • Scale interval for this equipment is 50 g (0.05 kg). The value input for the second decimal place is automatically modified as follows.

• The “Clothes weight (PT) input” screen is displayed. (The default setting when shipped is as per the screen in the right.)

Input value 0 Displayed value

Input the clothes weight (PT) ~ 0 to input clothes

,

3

4

5

6

5

7

8

9 0

(Rounded up)

s

• When

0

2

• To erase erroneous input, e Press Clear (Input data is deleted.) • To re-input the previous item, e Press Back (Settings remain unchanged.)

Press buttons

9 weight. * The clothes weight (PT) that is input is memorized, even when the power is turned off.

1

Before use

Input the clothes weight (PT)

(cautions for safety)

Before use

(cautions for safety)

• Check: Is the procedure as per page 12 complete?

, or

is pressed, the respective value is directly input, and automatically returns to the initial screen. Power switch (back)

3

Press Enter • Returns to the initial screen.

• Set details are retained until next modified.

22

23

How to measure

When used as a body

composition analyser

GB

GB

Flowchart for body composition analysis

Measurement of body composition Input of personal data

How to use

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

Select “Body composition analyser”.

Measurement of weight s

Page 27: Step 1

s

Check measurement results

Page 27: Step 3

s s

s

Preparing for weight measurement s

s

Measurement of weight

Page 31: Step 12 ~

When

Skip

is pressed;

Page 31: Step 13

Page 27: Step 2

s

Page 27: Step 4

Page 27: Step 3

~ Page 30: Step 9

Page 30: Step 10~11

24

25

How to measure

When used as a body

composition analyser (continued)

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GB

“Athletic”

• Posture for measurement • Stand barefoot on the electrode panels with feet parallel. • Let arms hang naturally. • Do not bend knees or elbows, and face forwards. • Do not lean on the main unit.

The “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” screen is displayed. Please wait a while without stepping on the measuring platform.

Back

Notes • When data is input under “Input the clothes weight (PT)” segment, “Tare weighing” is displayed. • When is pressed, the screen advances to “ID input” (or Skip “Gender selection”) ( page 28). (After inputting all items, weight measurement and body composition analysis are performed continuously.) • When is pressed, returns to the screen for “Weight Back Measurement – Now preparing”.

ON

OFF

Power switch

• Input age range is 5 ~ 99 years old. Input 99 for centenarians.

Notes

3

Step on the measuring platform, and weigh yourself. The value displayed is net, i.e. with the registered weight of the clothes deducted. Once the scale measures more than 1.00 kg, and the reading steadies, it automatically advances to the “ID input” (or “Gender selection”) screen.

s

• For athletic individuals, the impedance used for measurement fluctuates significantly before and after competition or after hard training, so body composition calculated under such circumstances also changes, and accurate measurement may not be possible in some cases. • Even when athletic mode is selected for body type, individuals aged 17 or younger automatically revert to the standard setting. • When the clothes weight is input, weight after deducting the weight of the clothes (i.e. net weight) is shown as the measured results. • When the measuring platform is clear and operation is suspended for five minutes, the stand-by screen is displayed.

How to use

Instructions

2

Turn on the power, and Press (Body composition analyser)

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

1

• It is recommended to select “Athletic” should be selected by individuals aged 18 or over who consider themselves to be athletes or to whom the following conditions apply. Measured values should be used for reference. • People who do 12 or more hours of training (exercise) a week • Members of gymnastics or sports organizations aiming to participate competitively • People such as bodybuilders who undergo training to build up muscles • Sports professionals



Notes • When data is input under “Input the clothes weight (PT)” segment, “Tare weighing” is displayed. Press Clothes (PT) to change the setting details. ( page 23 “Input the clothes weight (PT).” • When is pressed, the screen advances to “ID input” (or Skip “Gender selection”) ( page 28). (After inputting all items, weight measurement and body composition analysis are performed continuously.) • When Back is pressed, the screen returns to “Weight Measurement Now preparing”.

e.g.)

26

27

How to measure

When used as a body

composition analyser (continued)

GB

GB

• ID numbers can be input in the range from 1~9999999999. • To erase erroneous input, e Press Clear (Input data is deleted.) • When Back is pressed, screen returns to “Weight Measurement – Now preparing”.

After input, when Enter “Height input” screen.

Select gender

Notes

8

In the case of input units: 0.1 cm (millimetre units)

Notes • When

Back

is pressed, returns to the “Select Gender” screen.

• When Quit is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” screen, ( page 27) • When is pressed, the “Help (explanation)” screen is displayed. * When “Athletic selection” is deactivated, this screen is not displayed, and instead advances to the “Age input” screen. ( page 14 “Setting of measurement modes”.)

28

Input the height Input by pressing

0

~

. 9 is pressed, automatically advances to the

Notes

Select body type

s

6

. 9 is pressed, automatically advances to the

• -Age input range is 6 ~ 99 years old. • When a single digit age (5~9) is input, e Press Enter after input. • To erase erroneous input, e Press Clear . (Input data is deleted.) • When Back is pressed, returns to the “Select Body Type” screen. * Only returns to the “Select Body Type” screen when “Athletic” has been selected under “Setting of measurement modes” ( page 14). • When Quit is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” screen, ( page 27) After input of numeric data, automatically advances to the “Your Height?” screen if no more data is input for five seconds.

After input, when Enter “Data Chack” screen.

• When Back is pressed, returns to the “ID input” screen (or “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” is displayed).

Select by pressing or . After input, automatically advances to the “Your Age?” screen.

~

Notes

Notes

Select or by pressing the relevant button. After input, automatically advances to “Select Body Type”.

0

How to use

5

Input by pressing

s



7

Input age (cautions for safety)

(In cases where the ID is selected on the “Measurement Mode Setting” screen) Input by pressing ~ . 0 9 After input, press [Enter] and it automatically advances to the “Select Gender” screen.

s

How to use

(cautions for safety)

4

Input the ID number

• The height input range is 90.0 ~ 249.9 cm. • Settings under “Input height unit” ( page 14) are reflected as the input unit. • After input of integral numbers, if no more data is input for five seconds, automatically returns to the “Confirm input details” screen. (0 is automatically shown after the decimal point.) • To erase erroneous input, e Press Clear (Input data is deleted.) • When Back is pressed, returns to the “Age input” screen. • When Quit is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” screen, ( page 27)

29

How to measure

When used as a body

composition analyser (continued)

GB

GB In the case of 18 year-old or older with ID



Confirm input details Start

12

Replace both handgrips.

Notes

In the case when “Athletic” is not selected or 17 year-old or younger without ID





• To change or correct input details, e Press Change for the item to be changed or corrected. On each screen, when Enter is pressed after input, the input data is changed/corrected, and the screen returns to “Confirm input details”. When Back is pressed, the screen returns to “Confirm input details” without changing the input data. * No. (ID number) is not displayed when “OFF” is specified under “Setting of measurement modes” ( page 14). * No. (ID number) is sed at “0000000001” after the power is turned on. After it is changed, the new value will be sed. (10 digits) * 1 is automatically added to the No. (ID number) per measurement. (Maximum 9999999999) * When “Athletic” is not selected (Refer to “Setting of measurement modes” ( page 14)) or in the case of 17 year-old or younger, the body type cannot be changed.

10

Feet should be positioned on the heel and toe electrodes on each side in roughly equal proportions as indicated in the following illustration.

s

Notes • The external printer operates in accordance with the input details under “Setting up the printer” ( page 16). * This screen is not displayed when printer operation is set to OFF , or automatic printing after measurement is set to OFF under “Setting up the printer” ( page 16).

13

Sample values for 18 year-old or older

Sample values for 17 year-old or younger



Notes • When

Back

is pressed, returns to the “Data Chack” screen.

• When is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” Quit screen, ( page 27)

11

(2)

(1)

(5)

s

Notes

• When

Back

• Data is automatically output from the output port in accordance with the communication setting as per page 20. ( page 48 for output details.) • When Print is pressed, the external printer operates in accordance with the details set under “Setting up the printer” ( page 16). * When OFF is selected for printer operation, this button is not displayed. *When ON is selected for automatic ending after printing, it automatically returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” screen ( page 27) once printing is complete. • When the button to display details is pressed, the information details are displayed. ( page 32.) • If OFF is specified for automatic ending after printing under “Setting up the printer”, when is pressed, items other than the input Quit clothes weight (PT) and ID number are cleared, and it returns to the “Weight measurement – Now preparing” screen ( page 27). When ON is specified, it automatically returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” screen ( page 27).

Button to display details

s

(4)

s

Correct measurement posture

(3)

s

Display measurement results Notes

Button to display details

Hold the handgrips lightly, and let the arms hang down naturally.

How to use

After confirmation, if setting (input) details are correct, press measurement to start the measurement.

Measurement completed. (cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

9



Measurements for (1)whole body, (2)left arm, (3)left leg, (4)right arm, and (5)right leg, are performed in that order.

is pressed, returns to the “Confirm input details” screen.

• When is pressed, returns to the “Weight Measurement – Now preparing” Quit screen, ( page 27)

30

31

How to measure

When used as a body

composition analyser (continued)

GB

GB

Measurement result details screen for an 18 year-old or older (Example)



Fat % measurement results are displayed per segment on the chart.

How to use

Displays the standard range of fat %. A blue dot blinks at one-second intervals to indicate the current value. ( pages 40 and 41.)

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

Display of comprehensive fat % details per segment

Display of the standard range



Display of muscle mass details per segment

Display details of the body type assessment

Muscle mass measurement results are displayed per segment. Colours are categorised into the following three types depending on assessment results. [Example] Less (–4 ~ –2): Light blue Normal (-1 ~ +1): Light green More (+2 ~ +4): Orange

Body type assessment table comprising fat % and muscle mass is displayed. A red dot blinks at one-second intervals to indicate the current value.

Display of comprehensive muscle mass per segment Measurement results of muscle mass are displayed per segment on the chart.

When “OFF” is selected for ID number input

When “ON” is selected for ID number input

When “Athletic” is selected

Display of BMR assessment details

Whole body details

Assessment results of BMR data are displayed. ( Formula for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)”.) [Example] Less (1~6): Light blue Normal (7~10): Purple More (11~16): Red

Measurement results for the whole body are displayed in detail.

Notes • When “Athletic” is selected, standard weight and obesity level results are not displayed.

page 57 “New Regression

Display of fat % details per segment Measurement results of fat % per segment are displayed. Colours are categorised into the following three types depending on assessment results. [Example] Less (–4 ~ –2): Light blue Normal (-1 ~ +1): Light green More (+2 ~ +4): Orange

Notes • When the button to display details is pressed, all information details are displayed. • When Back is pressed, returns to the “Measurement results” screen ( page 31).

32

• When

is pressed, the “Help (explanation)” screen is displayed.

33

How to measure

When used as a body

composition analyser (continued)

GB

GB

Measurement result details screen for an 18 year-old or older (Example)

Screen for measurement results details for a 17 year-old or younger (Example)

Example of visceral fat rating measurement results

Example of visceral fat rating assessment results

How to use

Measurement results of the whole body are displayed in detail.

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

Display of the whole body details

Display of details per segment

Display of visceral fat rating and assessment details

Measurement results per segment are displayed.

Visceral fat rating measurement results and assessment results are displayed in detail. ( page 40 “Assessment criteria”.) : Result Displays measurement results. Rating : Displays assessment results.

Display of total body water details Total body water measurement results and assessment results are displayed on the chart. ( page 53 “Assessment criteria”.)

Example for a boy Example of total body water measurement results

Example for a girl

Display of standard range for fat % Standard range for fat % is displayed. A blinking blue dot indicates the current value.

Notes • When the button to display details is pressed, all information details are displayed. • When Back is pressed, returns to the “Measurement results” screen ( page 31).

34

• When

is pressed, the “Help (explanation)” screen is displayed.

35

How to measure

When used as scales

GB

GB

How to measure weight

(After displaying “88888 kg”, it reverts to “0.00 kg”.)

Notes

How to use

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

1

Turn on power and press (Scales)

• If it does not read “0.00 kg” when the scales are clear, e Press ZeroReset to recalibrate to “0.00 kg”. * Zero Reset cannot be used while “Tare” is specified. • To change the clothes weight,

(Initial screen)

page 23.) e Press PresetTare ( Input values are displayed negatively. • To return to the previous screen, e Press Back

Power switch (Back)

2

Input ID number (When ID is selected on the “Measurement mode setting” screen) Input by pressing ~ 0 9 . After

s

input, when Enter is pressed, it automatically advances to the “Scale operation” screen.



Notes • ID numbers can be input in the range from 1~9999999999. • To erase erroneous input, e Press Clear (Input data is deleted.) • When Back is pressed, it returns to the initial screen.

3

Step on the measuring platform • Weight is displayed. • Once the reading steadies, data is output from the output port.

Notes • The external printer operates in accordance with the details set under “Setting up the printer” ( page 16).

4

Display measurement results ( pages 50 ~ 51) Upon stepping off the measuring platform, returns to the “ID input” (or initial) screen.

21/01/2006 16:59 ID 0000000001 Weight 64.35kg (PT 0.00kg)

Weight : Body weight PT : Clothes Weight (PT)

36

37

Explanation of printouts GB

GB ① Whole body data

How to use

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

Weight : Measured weight. Values based on BMI of 22 being defined as standard weight. Fat % : Indicates fat ratio of the weight. Fat mass : Indicates fat mass of the body. FFM : Weight of non-fat components (i.e. muscle, water, bone, etc.). Muscle mass :Indicates constituent mass other than fat and bone mineral. Muscle mass displayed by this equipment is the value including skeletal muscles, plain muscle (i.e. internal organs, etc.) and TBW. TBW : Indicates amount of total body water and is composed of blood, lymph fluid, intercellular fluid, intracellular fluid, etc. BMI : Calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m)2. “22” is considered the optimum value, i.e. least susceptible to illness. Bone Mass : Indicates bone mineral level of all bones. * Standard values are for standard mode. These standard values should only be used as reference for athletic types. For 17 year-old or younger, only the fat % is displayed as the standard value. Muscle mass, TBW, and bone mass values should be used for reference.

② Body type assessment based on fat % and muscle mass Body type is comprehensively assessed in accordance with the fat % and muscle mass.





* Fat % only is displayed for 17 year-old or younger.

③ Total Body Water (TBW) Indicates the amount of water included in the body, for example, blood, lymph fluid, intercellular fluids, intracellular fluids, etc. Body water functions to transport nutrition, collect waste products, and maintain your body temperature at a certain level. Appropriate fat % ranges are about 55~ 65% for male and 45~60% for female.

④ ECW/TBW



⑤ ⑥



Body water can be roughly classified as intercellular and intracellular fluids, but the ratio differs depending on each person. It is known that this ratio is dependent on body composition rate, and obese individuals tend to have more intracellular fluid. * Not displayed for 17 year-old or younger.

⑤ Visceral fat rating Visceral fat indicates the fat in the internal abdominal cavity and is not easily analysed visually. It can be used for health control by checking changes in long-term visceral fat ratings. * Not displayed for 17 year-old or younger.

⑥ BMR/BMR analysis This equipment shows BMR categorized under three levels, namely : less, normal and more relative to average BMR values and statistical distribution per age group.





* Not displayed for 17 year-old or younger.

⑦ Segmental analysis Fat and muscle segmental analysis. Proportion and muscle training results can be confirmed figuratively. Fat content on the trunk, which is considered to be closely associated with lifestyle-related diseases, can easily be checked. * Graphs showing comparisons with the average are not displayed for 17 year-old or younger.

⑧ Muscle mass balance



Muscle mass balance between the left and right arms and legs is compared and analyzed. Loss of balance may indicate abnormal body function. * Graphs showing comparisons with the average are not displayed for 17 year-old or younger.

⑨ Body fat ranges The amount of fat in the trunk is divided by the lower legs value. Which part of the body (upper or lower segment) contains more fat can be assessed. As the fat ratio around the abdomen increases, so does this value. * Not displayed for 17 year-old or younger.



⑩ Other information



Reactance/resistance data is displayed. (Analysis results do not affect assessment.) • Measurement results for scale mode are printed in this segment. • In the case of 17 year-old or younger, the Rohrer index *** is printed. (*** changes in accordance with the measurement results.)



⑪ Printing position adjustment mark Adjust the position so that the mark on the form and cross symbol align exactly. (

38

page 19.)

39

Assessment criteria GB

GB

Assessment criteria based on fat % (targeted at 5 year-old or older) (Whole body)

changes or increasing exercise.

Note: •Even if you have a low body fat rate, you may have a high visceral fat level. •For medical diagnosis, consult your GP.

How to use

(cautions for safety)

How to use

(cautions for safety)

Source : Data from Columbia University (New York) & Tanita Institute (Tokyo)

• WHAT IS BONE MASS? This feature indicates the amount of bone (bone mineral level, calcium or other minerals) in the body. Research has shown that exercise and the development of muscle tissue are related to stronger, healthier bones. While bone structure is unlikely to make noticeable changes in a short period, it is important that you develop and maintain healthy bones by having a balanced diet and plenty of exercise. People worried about bone disease should consult their GP. People who suffer from osteoporosis or low bone densities due to advanced age, young age, pregnancy, hormonal treatment or other causes, may not get accurate estimates of their bone mass. Below is the result of estimated bone masses of persons aged 20 to 40, who are said to have the largest amounts of bone masses, by weight. (Source : Tanita Body Weight Science Institute) Please use the charts below as a guide to compare your bone mass reading. Women : Average of estimated bone mass (kg) Less than 50 kg 1.95 kg Healthy Range Indicator Underfat : below the healthy body fat range. Increased risk for health problems. Healthy : within the healthy body fat percentage range for your age/gender. Overfat : above the healthy range. Increased risk for health problems. Obese : high above the healthy body fat range. Greatly increased risk of obesity-related health problems.

Weight 50 kg – 75 kg 2.40 kg

75 kg and over 2.95 kg

Men : Average of estimated bone mass (kg) Less than 65 kg 2.66 kg

Weight 65 kg – 95 kg 3.29 kg

95 kg and over 3.69 kg

Note: • Persons described below may obtain varying readings and should take the values given for reference purposes only. - Elderly persons - Women during or after menopause - People receiving hormone therapy • “Estimated bone mass” is a value estimated statistically based on its correlation with the fat-free amount (tissues other than fat). "Estimated bone mass" does not give a direct judgement on the hardness or strength of the bones or the risks of bone fractures. If you have concerns about your bones, it is recommended that you consult a specialist.

• WHAT IS VISCERAL FAT RATING? This feature indicates the rating of visceral fat in your body. Visceral fat is the fat that is in the internal abdominal cavity, surrounding the vital organs in the trunk (abdominal) area. Research shows that, even if your weight and body fat remain constant, the distribution of fat changes as you get older and is more likely to shift to the trunk area - especially post menopause. Ensuring you have healthy levels of visceral fat may reduce the risk of certain diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and the onset of type 2 diabetes. The Tanita Body Composition Monitor will provide you with a visceral fat rating from 1 – 59.

• WHAT IS MUSCLE MASS? This feature indicates the weight of muscle in your body. The muscle mass displayed includes the skeletal muscles, smooth muscles (such as cardiac and digestive muscles) and the water contained in these muscles. Muscles play an important role as they act as an engine in consuming energy. As your muscle mass Increases, your energy consumption increases, thus helping you to reduce excess body fat levels and lose weight in a healthy way.

Rating from 1 – 12 Indicates you have a healthy level of visceral fat. Continue monitoring your rating to ensure that it stays within the healthy range. Rating from 13 – 59 Indicates you have an excess level of visceral fat. Consider making changes in your lifestyle, possibly through diet

40

41

Troubleshooting GB

GB

•Check the following before requesting repair.

Problem

Solution

Problem

• Hold the handgrips and electrodes firmly with fingers and palms. • Stand barefoot on the platform for measurement. • If the soles of the feet are dry, use the attached dropper to drip about 0.5 ml of water before measurement. • Reconfirm the input details.

No paper is output

42

Confirm the setting. • Is printer operation set to OFF under “Setting up the printer”? page 16) e Press ON . ( • The printer may have failed. e Contact the retailer from whom the equipment was purchased.

Error with zeroing • Turn off the power and remove anything on the platform, then turn on the power and try measuring again.

Display

When necessary

• Printer paper is not provided. e Supply paper, and press the button for printer paper. e When the printer is not being used, press Cancel and turn off power to the printer.

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

Printer paper is exhausted

Error with impedance measurement

How to measure

Solution

Weight value does not stabilise.

• Is the equipment placed on a vibrating surface? Is the measuring platform tilted? page 10) e Level the platform. ( • Is something blocking the gap in the measuring platform? e Remove any inserted objects.

Nothing is displayed even when the power is turned on.

• Confirm that the power is connected correctly. ( page 11)

Touch panel screen appears dark.

• Backlight failure. Contact the retailer from whom the equipment was purchased.

“- - - - - -” is displayed.

• The weight to be measured exceeds the weighing capacity.

Ink is exhausted • No ink in the printer. e Replace the ink cartridge. e When the printer is not being used, press Cancel and turn off power to the printer.

Printer

Paper outputs without printing

• Is “X” specified against items to be printed under “Setting of print items”? to .( page 18) e Switch e Contact the retailer from whom the equipment was purchased.

Printer error • Problems with the printer. e Sort out any paper jam and restart the printer. e When the printer is not being used, press Cancel and turn off power to the printer.

43

Connection to PC GB

GB

•Specifications

•Transmission data

Communications method

Asynchronous transaction

Signal speed

4800/9600/19200 baud

Data bit length

8 bits

Parity

None

Stop bit

1 bit

Flow control Terminator

None / Hardware / XON / XOFF CR+LF

Transmission data will be output immediately after measurement regardless of the status of the personal computer or other device at the receiving end. Accordingly, the personal computer or other receiving device must be ready to receive data before measurement. • When used under PC mode, download and check the attached “PC mode communication specifications” from the TANITA homepage. * PC mode refers to the mode in which you can send personal data from the PC side and receive the measurement results.

(1) Output data format Measurement data is output in the following format : • All data is divided by commas (,). • The terminator (end of the data) is signified by CR (ASCII code 0DH) and LF (ASCII code 0AH).

When necessary

EIA RS-232C compatible

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

Communications standard

Notes • An RS-232C connector (D sub 9-pin female) and USB connector (B-type 4-pin female) are located on the back of the main unit. • To connect to a PC, select the communication port under “Setting communication details” ( page 20), and use an appropriate connection cable. • Please provide your own cables as necessary as none are included. RS-232C : Straight D sub 9-pin (male) – D sub 9-pin (female) USB : A-type 4-pin (male) – B-type 4-pin (male) * Compatible with both USB 1.1 and 2.0.

USB cable

D sub 9-pin female

Caution •When communicating via the USB port, a USB driver must be installed on the PC. Refer to “USB driver installation” in the CD-ROM manual supplied for details.

44

45

GB

GB

(2) Output data items Output order Format

Output data

Body composition analyser Adult

Athletic

Child

Scales

{0

Fix to 16

1~5 bytes variable

1

1

1

1

Control data

~0

Fix to 1

1~5 bytes variable

2

2

2

2

Control data

~1

Fix to 1

1~5 bytes variable

3

3

3

Control data

Control data

~2

Fix to 1

1~5 bytes variable

4

4

4

Model

MO

"XXXXXX"

8 bytes fixed (“MC-180”) (“MC-190”)

5

5

5

3

ID number

ID

"XXXXXXXXXX"

12 bytes fixed (in the case of no input, “000000000”)

6

6

6

4

Status

St

0 or 1

1 byte fixed (0: No error; 1: Segmental error)

7

7

7

Date

Da

"dd/mm/yyyy"

12 bytes fixed (dd: Date; mm: Month; yyyy: Year)

8

8

8

5

Time

TI

"hh:mm"

7 bytes fixed (hh: Hours; mm: Minutes)

9

9

9

6

Body type

Bt

0, 2

1 byte fixed (0: Standard; 2: Athletic)

10

10

10

Gender

GE

1 or 2

1 byte fixed (1: Male; 2: Female)

11

11

11

Age

AG

XX

1~2 bytes variable (unit: Year-old; right aligned)

12

12

12

Height

Hm

XXX.X

4~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: cm)

13

13

13

Clothes weight (PT)

Pt

XX.XX

4~5 byte variable, up to 2 decimal places (unit: kg)

14

14

14

7

Weight

Wk

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

15

15

15

8

Fat %

FW

XX.X

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

16

16

16

Fat mass

fW

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

17

17

17

FFM

MW

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

18

18

18

Muscle mass

mW

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

19

19

19

Whole body muscle mass score

sW

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

20

20

Bone mass

bW

XXX.XX

4~6 bytes variable, up to 2 decimal places (unit: kg)

21

21

20

TBW (Total body water)

wW

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

22

22

21

Body water rate

ww

XXX.X

3~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

23

23

22

ICW (Intercellular Water)

wI

XXX.XX

4~6 bytes variable (unit: kg)

24

24

ECW (Extracellular Water)

wO

XXX.XX

4~6 bytes variable (unit: kg)

25

25

ECW / TBW

wo

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

3~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

26

26

BMI

MI

XXX.X

3~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place

27

27

Standard weight

Sw

XXX.XX

4~6 bytes variable, up to 2 decimal places (unit: kg)

28

Obesity

OV

XXX.X

3~5 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

29

Visceral fat rating

IF

1∼59

1~2 bytes variable

30

Segmental error (Not output for X)

23

28



BMR

rB

XXXX

1~4 bytes variable (unit: kcal)

31

29

24

BMR

rb

XXXXX

1~5 bytes variable (unit: J)

32

30

25

Basal metabolism analysis

rJ

1∼16

1~2 bytes variable

33

31

Rohrer index

RO

XXXX

2~4 bytes variable

Fat %

FR

XX.X

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

34

32

27



Fat mass

fR

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

35

33

28



Right leg

When necessary

Header

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

Name of item

26

FFM

MR

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

36

34

29



Muscle mass

mR

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

37

35

30



Fat % score

SR

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

38

36



Muscle mass score

sR

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

39

37

– *1, *2: 17 year-old or younger *3: If error occurs when segmental data is calculated, data is not output for the items indicated “X”.

46

47

GB

GB Output order Name of item

Left arm

Trunk

Left side of the body

Right leg

Output data

Body composition analyser Adult

Athletic

Child

Scales

Segmental error (Not output for X)

Fat %

FL

XX.X

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

40

38

31



Fat mass

fL

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

41

39

32



FFM

ML

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

42

40

33



Muscle mass

mL

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

43

41

34



-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

44

42



-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

45

43



Fat % score

SL

Muscle mass score

sL

Fat %

Fr

XX.X

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

46

44

35



Fat mass

fr

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

47

45

36



FFM

Mr

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

48

46

37



Muscle mass

mr

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

49

47

38



Fat % score

Sr

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

50

48

Muscle mass score

sr

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

51

49

Fat %

Fl

XX.X

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

52

50

39



When necessary

Right arm

Format

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

Left leg

Header

– –

Fat mass

fl

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

53

51

40



FFM

Ml

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

54

52

41



Muscle mass

ml

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

55

53

42



Fat % score

Sl

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

56

54

Muscle mass score

sl

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

57

55

Fat %

FT

XX.X

3~4 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: %)

58

56

43



– –

Fat mass

fT

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

59

57

44



FFM

MT

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

60

58

45



Muscle mass

mT

XXX.XX (XXX.X)

4~6 bytes variable, 2 decimal places up to 200.00, and 1 decimal place from 200.1 (unit: kg)

61

59

46



Fat % score

ST

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

62

60



Muscle mass score

sT

-4∼4

1~2 bytes variable

63

61



R(5kHz)

GH

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

64

62

47

X(5kHz)

HH

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

65

63

48

R(50kHz)

RH

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

66

64

49

X(50kHz)

XH

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

67

65

50

R(250kHz)

JH

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

68

66

51

X(250kHz)

KH

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

69

67

52

R(500kHz)

LH

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

70

68

53

X(500kHz)

QH

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

71

69

54

R(5kHz)

GR

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

72

70

55

X(5kHz)

HR

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

73

71

56

R(50kHz)

RR

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

74

72

57

X(50kHz)

XR

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

75

73

58

R(250kHz)

JR

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

76

74

59

X(250kHz)

KR

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

77

75

60

R(500kHz)

LR

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

78

76

61

X(500kHz)

QR

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

79

77

62 *1, *2: 17 year-old or younger *3: If error occurs when segmental data is calculated, data is not output for the items indicated “X”.

48

49

GB

GB Output order Name of item

Left arm

Both legs

Output data

Body composition analyser Adult

Athletic

Child

R(5kHz)

GL

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

80

78

63

X(5kHz)

HL

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

81

79

64

R(50kHz)

RL

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

82

80

65

X(50kHz)

XL

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

83

81

66

R(250kHz)

JL

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

84

82

67

X(250kHz)

KL

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

85

83

68

R(500kHz)

LL

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

86

84

69

X(500kHz)

QL

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

87

85

70

R(5kHz)

Gr

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

88

86

71

X(5kHz)

Hr

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

89

87

72

R(50kHz)

Rr

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

90

88

73

X(50kHz)

Xr

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

91

89

74

R(250kHz)

Jr

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

92

90

75

X(250kHz)

Kr

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

93

91

76

R(500kHz)

Lr

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

94

92

77

X(500kHz)

Qr

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

95

93

78

R(5kHz)

Gl

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

96

94

79

X(5kHz)

Hl

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

97

95

80

R(50kHz)

Rl

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

98

96

81

X(50kHz)

Xl

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

99

97

82

R(250kHz)

Jl

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

100

98

83

X(250kHz)

Kl

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

101

99

84

R(500kHz)

Ll

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

102

100

85

X(500kHz)

Ql

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

103

101

86

R(5kHz)

GF

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

104

102

87

X(5kHz)

HF

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

105

103

88

R(50kHz)

RF

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

106

104

89

X(50kHz)

XF

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

107

105

90

R(250kHz)

JF

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

108

106

91

X(250kHz)

KF

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

109

107

92

R(500kHz)

LF

XXXX.X

5~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

110

108

93

X(500kHz)

QF

XXXX.X

3~6 bytes variable, up to 1 decimal place (unit: Ω)

111

109

94

CS

XX

2 bytes fixed

112

110

95

Checksum

Scales

Segmental error (Not output for X)

When necessary

Right arm

Format

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

Left leg

Header

9

*1, *2: 17 year-old or younger *3: If error occurs when segmental data is calculated, data is not output for the items indicated “X”.

50

51

Technical notes GB

GB

Estimation of body composition using multifrequency 8-electrode BIA method

• Principle of the body composition estimation based on BIA method BIA method refers to the method of estimating body composition by measuring the body’s impedance. Electrolytes within the body are naturally conductive. More electrolytes are contained in muscle and blood, but fairly few in fat, etc. In other words, electricity flows more easily through body tissue with more muscle and less fat while, conversely, electricity experiences more resistance in body tissue with less muscle and more fat. Using this fact, the component ratios of each can be estimated by measuring body impedance.

• BIA based on 8-electrode method Using the conventional 4-electrode method, an electric current is supplied from electrodes near the toes of both feet and the voltage is measured at the heel. In this case, current flows from one lower leg to the other via the lower abdomen, and the measured body impedance (hereafter, impedance) is the impedance between both legs. Using the 8-electrode method, an electric current is supplied from electrodes at the ends of the fingers on both hands and the toes on both feet, and the voltage is measured at the ball of the thumbs on both hands and at the heels of both feet. This method enables measurement of impedance per segment – in other words for the whole body, right leg, left leg, right arm or left arm – by switching the points at which the current is applied and the voltage is measured. For example, to measure the impedance of the right leg, the current flows between the right hand and leg, and the voltage between both legs is measured. The impedance measurement method per segment is shown below for reference.

When necessary

This system provides estimated values based on the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method for fat %, fat mass, FFM, muscle mass, and bone mass using the DXA method targeted at Europeans and Americans, and total body water (TBW) value measured by the dilution method. Select the appropriate mode based on the body type being measured. 1) Standard (Target: 6~99 years old) 2) Athletic (Sportsmen and women, etc. who do much more exercise than average) Reliability of the analysed body composition values for sportsmen, etc. who have a different body composition from average can be improved by providing a separate analysis mode per body type as above.

Water contained in the human body can roughly be roughly separated into two categories. ICW: Intercellular water ECW: Extracellular water (i.e. intercellular water, blood, etc.) Multi-frequency measurement can be used to measure these two types of water. When the human body is likened to an electrical circuit, the cell membrane that separates the ICW and ECW is considered to be a condenser. At low frequency, the cell membrane acts like a condenser and does not allow the electricity through, so electricity does not flow through the cells. Accordingly, impedance measured at low frequency has a significant correlation with ECW. At high frequency, the electric current flows through the cells via the cell membrane condenser. Impedance in this case has a significant correlation with TBW (total body water). ECW is estimated from the low-frequency results while TBW is estimated from the high-frequency results. ICW is calculated as the difference.

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

Introduction

• Multi-frequency measurement

• Reactance technology Reactance technology is a method that reduces fluctuations during the day when analysing body composition. The primary cause of fluctuations during the day is changes in impedance value, because the ECW (i.e. intercellular water, blood, lymph fluid, etc.) moves between the upper and lower legs and the trunk in accordance with food and drink intake, exercise, and changes in posture, etc. This impedance value fluctuation significantly affects the estimation of body composition values. In order to minimise the effects of such fluctuations, TANITA not only uses impedance values in the conventional way, but also adopts reactance values that can be acquired by breaking down impedance values under a regression formula to reduce fluctuations during the day. The examples on the right show an approximate 30% reduction in fluctuations during the day.

Impedance measurement method per segment of the body

52

53

GB

GB

•Reliability of body composition estimations based on the multi-frequency 8-electrode BIA method

When necessary



The BIA method is used to measure impedance and calculate body composition based on the results. It is known that impedance fluctuates as a result of changes in the total body water – which accounts for about 60% by weight –, changes in its distribution status, and body temperature. Therefore, measurement conditions need to be fixed to use the data for studies and when repeated measurements are taken daily. Accordingly, we recommend that measurements be taken on the following in order to obtain steady values. 1) Measurements should be taken at least three hours after getting up, assuming normal activity during this period. (If the person has been sedentary since rising or travelling by car, there is a high level of impedance changes.) 2) Avoid taking measurements within three hours of eating. (Impedance tends to be lower during the three hours following a meal.) 3) If strenuous exercise is undertaken, the next measurements should be taken at least 12 hours later. (Impedance tendency does not settle consistently in accordance with the type or level of exercise.) 4) Urinate shortly before measurement. 5) As far as possible, measurements should be taken at approximately the same time each day if done repeatedly. (Consistent timing together with measurement of weight enables comparison of stable values.)

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

A regression formula derived from the multiple-regression analysis while specifying the height, weight, age, and impedance values between the arms and legs as variables is adopted for the fat %, fat mass, FFM, muscle mass, and total body water calculations using the body composition analyser in accordance with the data acquired from the DXA method and dilution method targeted at Europeans and Americans. The regression formula is created from segmental impedance based on the data also acquired from the DXA method for segmental fat %, fat mass, FFM, and muscle mass. The analysed body composition values calculated using this regression formula bear a close correlation with the calculations based on the DXA method or dilution method, and offer high reproducibility. As mentioned above, we can state that body composition analysis based on the BIA method is highly reliable.



•Factors that affect measurement integrity

Stable values can be obtained if measurements are taken under the above conditions. The following six conditions were stipulated to obtain the regression formula when this equipment was developed. 1) Prohibition on imbibing alcohol during the twelve hours before measurement 2) Prohibition on strenuous exercise during the twelve hours before measurement 3) Prohibition on excessive consumption of food or drink on the day before measurement 4) Prohibition of intake of food or drink during the three hours before measurement 5) Urination just before measurement 6) Avoid measurements during menstruation (for female)

• DXA method Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) uses two types of X-ray, and can distinguish anatomically between bone mineral, fat, and FFM based on the extent to which X-ray permeability differs between these substances. The DXA method is an accurate measurement method with minimum imposition compared with conventional immersed weighing. It can be applied to a wide range of individuals, including children and the elderly. Segmental measurements of arms and legs are also possible, and this has been used as the standard method for body composition analysis thus far.

Results of the body composition based on DXA method (LUNAR DPX-L)

• Dilution method The dilution method is used to calculate the total mass of a solvent containing a labelled substance by administering a known amount of the labelled substance and measuring the density at equilibrium. Heavy water (D2O) is generally used as the labelled substance to measure total body water (TBW). TBW can be calculated because the TBW is considered as dilution space for heavy water. Sodium bromide (NaBr) has been used as the labelled substance in the method to calculate ECW. It is known that bromine (Br) is not contained in cells, and is diluted in the ECW.

54

55

GB

GB

2)Fluctuations during the course of the day

When necessary

When normal activities are carried out, there is little fluctuation in weight, and impedance between both legs and the fat % do not fluctuate much during the day either. When dehydrated, the individual’s weight dropped by 1 kg, impedance between both legs increased by about 15 on day one while dehydrated, and increased by 30~35 on day two under the same conditions. As indicated above, impedance increased with a reduction in weight (dehydration) and, conversely, when weight increased as a result of excessive consumption of food or drink, impedance declined. Accordingly, in terms of daily fluctuations, changes in impedance are inversely related to changes in weight. The following may be the cause of fluctuations during the day. 1) Temporary increase in weight (total body water) due to excess intake of food and drink 2) Dehydration due to excessive sweating in relation to strenuous exercise 3) Dehydration due to intake of alcohol or use of diuretic 4) Dehydration due to excessive sweating by taking a sauna, etc. Accordingly, we recommend avoiding these factors when measurements are taken if accuracy is crucial.

(cautions for safety)

When necessary

(cautions for safety)

56

The following graphs are examples of fluctuations during the course of the day. This data was used to check how impedance levels between both legs change under dehydration status. Normal activities were performed for two days, while the data for the next two days shows the result of forced dehydration by taking a sauna.

57

The New Regression Formula

for Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

GB

GB



NOTE: This model has been calibrated for persons aged 18-84. Those individuals falling outside this age range may not be able to obtain accurate readings.

When necessary

Comparison of BMR Values from the TANITA Multiple regression model and Breath Analysis (Presented at Nutrition Week held in San Diego in 2002) The current BMR retrogression formula is a formula that acts on the principle of using the FFM value from the results of body composition measurement according to the BIA, A good relationship is shown in the BMR value based on actual breath analysis REE or R=0.9 (p