MSU RADIOLOGY ESSENTIAL MRI CHARTS

MSU RADIOLOGY ESSENTIAL MRI CHARTS MRI Acronyms GE Table Of Contents 2 3• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • MRI Acronyms 7• • • Arterial to Venous T...
Author: Damian Ferguson
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MSU RADIOLOGY

ESSENTIAL MRI CHARTS

MRI Acronyms GE

Table Of Contents

2

3• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • MRI Acronyms 7• • • Arterial to Venous Transition Times 8• • • • • • • • • • • • ceMRA Arrival Times 9• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Formulas 10 • • • • • • • • • • Gadolinium Dose Chart 12 • • • • • • In & Out-of-Phase TE Values 13 • • • • • • • • • • • Parameter Trade-Offs 15 • • • • • • • • • • • • • RBW Conversions 16 • • • • • T1 & T2/Inversion Time Values 17 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • TOF Trade-offs 18 • • • • • • • • Abnormal Tissue Contrast 19 • • • • • • • • • • Normal Tissue Contrast 20• • • • • • • • Velocity Encoding Values

EPI

Phillips

Sequence Type

Siemens

Toshiba

EPI

Echo Planar Imaging (EPI)

EPI

EPI

ETL

EPI Factor

Number of Echos

EPI Factor

EPI Factor

Echo Spacing

Echo Spacing

Time Between Echos

Echo Spacing

Echo Spacing

GRE

FFE

Gradient Echo (GE)

GRE

Field Echo

GRASS

FE

Coherent Gradient Echo

FISP

Field Echo

SPGR

T1-FFE

Spoiled Gradient Echo

FLASH

Field Echo

SSFP

T2-FFE

Steady State Free Precession

PSIF

-

FIESTA

Balanced FFE

True FISP

TrueFISP

True SSFP

FiESTA-C

-

True FISP Dual Excitation

CISS

-

Fast GRE Fast SPGR

TFE

Ultra fast Gradient Echo

TurboFLASH

Fast FE

3-D FDRE 3-D FSPGR

3-D TFE

Ultra fast Gradient Echo

MPRAGE

3D Fast FE

FAME

THRIVE

Volume Interpolated GRE

VIBE

-

IR, MPIR, FastIR

IR-TSE

Inversion Recovery (IR)

IR, TurboIR, TIR

IR

FLAIR

FLAIR

Long Tau

FLAIR

FLAIR

STIR

STIR

Short Tau IR

STIR

STIR

-

Real IR

True IR

True IR

-

3

MRI Acronyms GE

4

MRI Acronyms

Phillips

Sequence Type

ASSET

SENSE

Parallel Acquisition Techniques

SENSE

SENSE

-

-

SE

SE

Spin Echo (SE)

Siemens

Toshiba

GE

Phillips

Sequence Type

Siemens

Toshiba

iPAT

SPEEDER

Trigger Delay, TD

Trigger Delay, TD

Delay after R Wave

Trigger Delay, TD

Trigger Delay, TD

Image-Based Algorithm

mSENSE

SENSE

Gap

Gap

Distance Between Slices

Grappa

-

Distance Factor

Gap

K-space Based Algorithm

SE

SE

FOV (cm)

FOV (mm)

Field of View

FOV (mm)

FOV

GRASE

GRASE

Turbo Gradient Spin Echo (GRASE)

TurboGSE TGSE

Hybrid EPI

Anti-Aliasing

Frequency Oversampling

Frequency Oversampling

Oversampling

FSE (Fast Spin Echo)

TSE (Turbo Spin Echo)

Turbo Spin Echo/Fast Spin Echo (TSE/FSE)

TSE (Turbo Spin Echo)

FSE (Fast Spin Echo)

Frequency Wrap Suppression

Flow Comp

Flow Comp, Flag

Gradient Moment Nulling

Flow Comp/ GMR

Flow Comp

1/2NEX, Fractional NEX

Half Scan

Half Fourier Imaging

Half Fourier

Half Fourier

Cardiac Gated/ Triggering

ECG Triggered

Image Sync with ECG

ECG Triggered

Cardiac Gated

TI

TI

Inversion Time (msec)

TI

TI

MTC

MTC

Magnetization Transfer Constant

MTC, MTS

SORS-STC

Walking Sat

Travel Rest

Moving Sat Pulse

Travel Sat

BFAST

Partial Echo

Partial Echo

Partial Echo

Asymmetric Echo

Matched Bandwidth

Localizer

PlanScan

Patient Orientation

Localizer

Locator

Echo Train Length (ETL)

Turbo Factor

Number of Echoes

Turbo Factor

Echo Train Length (ETL)

Single-Shot FSE

Single-Shot TSE

Single-Shot TSE/FSE

HASTE

FASE

Echo Spacing

Echo Spacing

Time Between Echoes

Echo Spacing

Echo Spacing

FrFSE

DRIVE

TSE/FSE with 90° FlipBack Pulse

RESTORE

FSE T2 pulse

NEX

NSA

Averages

Averages

NSA

Receive Bandwidth (kHz)

Fat/Water Shift (Pixel)

Bandwidth

Bandwidth (Hz/Px)

Bandwidth

Smart PrepFluoro Triggered

BolusTrak

Contrast Bolus Timing/ Flouro-Triggering

CARE Bolus

Visual Prep

5

MRI Acronyms

6

GE

Phillips

Sequence Type

Siemens

Toshiba

Fat Sat/Chem Sat

SPIR, SPAIR

Prep Pulse - Chemically

Fat Sat

Fat Sat Presat

SAT

REST

Prep Pulse - Spatially

Presat

Ramped Pulse

TONE

Ramped RF Pulse

TONE

ISCE

Partial FOV

Rectangular FOV

Rectangular FOV

FOV Phase/ Rectangular

Rectangular FOV

TR, TE

TR, TE

Repetition Time, Echo Time (in msec)

TR, TE

TR, TE

Respiratory Triggering

Respiratory Triggering

Respiratory Gating

Respiratory Gating

Flip Angle

Flip Angle

RF Pulse in Gradient Echo

Acquisition Time

Acquisition Time

Views per Segment

Arterial to Venous Transition Times

Respiratory Gating

Anatomic Region

Time in Seconds

Flip Angle

Flip Angle

Intracranial

5 sec.

Scan Measurement Time

Acquisition Time, TA

Acquisition Time

Cervical

4-8 sec.

Views per Segment

Segmented K-Space

Lines/Segments

Segments

Pulmonary

4-8 sec.

Off Center FOV

Off Center FOV

Shifting Slices Off Center

Off Center FOV

Phase and Frequency Shift

Renal

10 sec.

POMP

SIMEX

Simultaneous Excitation

Simultaneous Excitation

QuadScan

Abdominal

10-12 sec.

Intersegment Delay

Pelvic

10-30 sec.

TD

Time Delay/Block K-Space

Time Delay

TD

Variable Bandwidth

Water Fat Shift

Optimized Bandwidth

Matched Bandwidth

Peripheral Vessels

Up to 60 sec.

Variable Bandwidth

-

Proset

Water Excitation

Water Excitation

-

***Transition Times based on vessels that are clear of pathology and are lying within normal tissue.

7

Average Arrival Times of Contrast in ceMRA

8

Vessel Superior Vena Cava

Arrival Time 0-8 seconds

Pulmonary Artery

6-10 seconds

Carotid Artery

7-12 seconds

Aortic Arch

9-14 seconds

Descending Aorta

13-20 seconds

Femoral Artery

15-20 seconds

Hepatic Artery

19-30 seconds

Trifurcation

20-30 seconds

Palmer Arch

20-40 seconds

Portal Veins

30-45 seconds

Hepatic Veins

40-55 seconds

***Arrival times based on normal, pathology-free, anatomy.

MRI Formulas

SNR

Mean of Tissue/Standard Deviation = Signal to Noise Ratio

Place a small ROI within the tissue to establish the Mean Value. A large ROI in the background will determine the Standard Deviation.

Bandwidth Conversion (Hz/Px to kHz) In-Plane Pixel (phase) In-Plane Pixel (frequency) SNR Improvement Voltage Improvement Inversion Time Calculation

(Hz per Pixel/Base Resolution) / 2000 = kHz EXAMPLE: 130 hz/px X 256 (freq.) = 33,333 33,333/2000 = 16.021 kHz

FOVp/Np FOVp - FOV in the Phase Direction NP - Number of Phase Encoding Steps

FOVf/Nf FOVf - FOV in the Frequency Direction Nf - Number of Frequency Encoding Steps

(SNR 1 - SNR 2)/SNR 2 x 100 = % of Improvement Comparison of SNR between two sequences; establish an SNR for each sequence and plug the values into the above formula. Positive results indicate SNR1>SNR2. Negative results reflect SNR1