Missouri Native Wildflowers The City of Creve Coeur is grateful to Mervin Wallace of Missouri Wildflowers Nursery (www.mowildflowers.net) for this comprehensive list of Missouri natives. Bloom COMMON NAME Preference Period

Flower

Height

Color

inches

Sun - lt. shade

May July

white

Moisture Perennial Comments With spreading underground stems, it can produce a groundcover of finely dissected, 24 - 36 dry - ave. P fern-like foliage.

Sun

May July

greenish yellow

24 - 48 moist

Sun

Aug. and Sept

Pink

10-16

dry - ave. P

ThreadAmsonia ciliata leaved Blue Sun Star var. filifolia

Apr. and May

blue

10-18

dry

SCIENTIFIC NAME

Achillea millefolium

Acorus calamus

Allium stellatum

Yarrow

Sweet Flag

fall Glade Onion

Amsonia illustris

Shining Blue Sun - lt. Star shade

May

Anemone canadensis

Meadow Anemone

June July

Sun - lt. shade

Biennial

ave. 30 - 48 moi.

blue

white

12-18

28

ave. moi.

P

P

Plant in dry, sunny beds among earlier blooming species to add balls of rose-pink flowers in fall. A compact plant, good for formal beds with foliage resembling pine needles and with delicate blue flowers.

P

The willow-like leaves turn yellow in fall. Plants are dense and shrublike in appearance.

P

Spreads underground to form colonies of 12" high foliage topped with white flowers in June.

Antennaria parlinii

Aquilegia canadensis

Pussytoes

Sun-med. shade

Apr. and May

cream

5-8

Columbine

Sun shade

Apr.June

red and yellow

24 - 36 dry - ave. P

Shade

white/ July and purple berries Aug.

dry - ave. P

A groundcover with silvery-green, oval foliage hugging the ground. Use in sun to part shade in dry soil. A good plant to provide nectar for hummingbirds as they arrive. Plants do best in a few hours of sun. An impressive, shrub-sized foliage plant for shade. Needs organic soil that gets moisture in July and Aug.

Aralia racemosa

Spikenard

Artemisia ludoviciana

White Sage, Sun Wormwood shade

July and graygreen Aug.

24 - 36 dry - ave. P

Aruncus dioicus

White Goat's Sun Beard shade

June

cream

36 - 48 dry - moi. P

Asarum canadense

Wild Ginger Shade

Apr. and May

maroon

4-6

ave. moi.

P

Asclepias incarnata

Marsh, Swamp Milkweed

Aug. and Sept.

lav. purple

ave. 48 - 60 moi.

P

Use this attractive foliage plant with tall species. It will wander slowly by underground stems. Good foliage and flowers. Put it toward the back of a bed. Excels in bright areas. Yellow autumn colors. Attractive groundcover with velvety, heart-shaped leaves. Needs good organic soil and part to full shade. Excellent nectar plant for butterflies and an exceptional host to Monarch larvae. Ideal for rain gardens.

P

Fragrant. Host for Monarch larvae. Spreads slowly. Control by pulling unwanted stems once per season.

Asclepias syriaca

Common Milkweed

Sun - lt. shade

Sun - lt. shade

June Aug.

ave. 36 - 48 moi.

lavender

29

48 - 60 average

P

Asclepias tuberosa

Butterfly Weed

Sun - lt. shade

June and July orange

24 - 36 average

Aster anomalus

Woodland Aster

Lt. - med. shade

Sept. and Oct.

36 - 48 dry - ave. P

Aster laevis

Smooth Aster

Sun - lt. shade

Aster linariifolius

Stiff-leaved Aster

Sun - med. Sept. shade Oct.

Aster novaeangliae

New England Aster

Aster oblongifolius

Aromatic Aster

Sky Blue Aster oolentangiensis Aster

Aster paludosus

Sept.Oct.

lavender

blue

20-30

purple

8-15

P

dry - ave. p

Bright blue flowers and shapely blue-green leaves make this one of the best, but not most formal asters.

dry - ave. P

A short, compact aster with round mounds of foliage. Works well in full sun or part shade and dry soil.

Sun-med. shade

Sept. and Oct.

purple or ave. pink 40 - 60 moi.

P

Sun

Oct. and Nov.

blue

12-30

P

Sun - lt. shade

Sept. and Oct.

blue

18 - 36 dry - ave. P

Aug. and Sept

violet blue

12-20

Southern Prairie Aster Sun

30

A very popular plant. Great in a bed or a lawn. Nursery stock establishes easily.

dry

dry - ave. P

Great for migrating Monarchs. For shorter plants pinch out top buds until early summer. Very late bloomer. Dense shrublike appearance. Large, 1" diameter blue flowers. Prefers dry sites. Much like smooth aster with large clusters of beautiful blue flowers, but with heart-shaped, green leaves. An early blooming aster, with large flowers appearing at the top of the stem first. A good dried flower.

Aster patens

Lt. - med. Purple Daisy shade

Aster sericeus Silky Aster

Aster turbinellus

Lavender Aster

Astragalus crassicarpus

Ground Plum

Baptisia alba

White Wild Indigo

Baptisia australis

Baptisia bracteata

Blue Wild Indigo

Sun

Sept. and Oct. Aug. and Sept.

blue

12-24

violet purple

Sun-med. shade

Oct. Nov.

lav. purple

Sun

Mar. May

purple pink

Sun

June and July white

Sun

May and June

Cream Wild Sun - lt. shade Indigo

Ohio Horse Sun-med. Blephilia ciliata Mint shade

Apr. June

May July

dry - ave. P

16 - 26 dry - ave. P

This compact plant with silvery green foliage is great for a formal locaton. Loves sunny, dry locations.

20 - 36 dry - ave. P

Yields masses of blue flowers in fall. A tad wild looking, but the plant is well worth the flowers.

8-12

dry - ave. P

36 - 48 average

blue

cream yellow

bluelaven.

P

30 - 60 dry - ave. P

Use as a small shrub in a lawn, or put in the middle or back of a peerennial bed. Excellent plant.

12-18

An excellent small to mediumsized perennial, noted for its foliage, flowers, and seed pods.

dry - ave. P

16 - 24 dry - ave. P

31

Low growing legume with cream flowers and "ferny" leaves. Use blue/white indigo interchangeable. Try them in a native, ornamental grass screen or border.

Great, non-assertive mint for dry shady spots. The balls of dry, gray seed heads are attractive.

Calamintha arkansana

Calamint

Sun

June Sept.

Callirhoe bushii

Bush's Poppy Mallow

Sun - lt. shade

June and July magenta

24 - 30 dry - ave. P

Callirhoe digitata

Fringed Poppy Mallow

Sun - lt. shade

June Aug.

30 - 60 dry - ave. P

Tea from this aromatic herb has a Pennyroyal flavor. Relishes hot, dry sites (rock walls and rock gardens). Stems stand erect. Works well alone or mixed with plants that bloom later, like Black-eyed susans. Slender leafless stems offer no "visible means of support" to flowers. Use with tall, late bloomers.

Callirhoe involucrata

Purple Poppy Mallow

Sun

June and July magenta

4-6

Stems lie flat and will hang over walls. Fantastic flowers contrast well with Missouri Primrose.

Camassia scilloides

Wild Hyacinth

Sun - lt. shade

Apr. May

18 - 24 dry - ave. P

Sun

Apr. and May Sept. and Oct.

Castilleja coccinea

Indian Paintbrush

Chelone obliqua, speciosa

Rose Turtlehead

Sun shade

Cimicifuga racemosa

Black Cohosh

Shade May med shade Aug.

pale laven.

5-12

magenta

lavender

orange to red 10-20

dry - ave. P

dry - ave. P

dry - moi. B

ave. rose pink 30 - 48 moi.

white

P

24 - 48 dry - ave. P

32

A good plant for seeded meadow plantings, but does not survive well in culitvated beds. Succeeds in any rich, organic soil in shade or sun. Naturally grows in moist conditions near water. A wonderful plant for the shade garden. Use with Celandine poppy, Wild geranium, and Jacob's ladder.

Coreopsis grandiflora

Largeflowered Coreopsis

Sun - lt. shade

June

yellow

12-18

Coreopsis lanceolata

Lanceleaf Coreopsis

Sun - lt. shade

May and June

yellow

16 - 24 dry - ave. P

Plants, flowers, and growing conditions are all similar to Lanceleaf coreopsis, except they blossom later. Plant seeds on rocky or clay banks to produce a groundcover. Use as a nurse crop in seeded plantings.

18 - 24 dry - ave. P

Brighter yellow flowers than Lanceleaf coreopsis. Plant spread slowly by underground stems.

Coreopsis palmata

Prairie Coreopsis

Coreopsis tinctoria

Plains Coreopsis

Cunila origanoides

Dittany

White Prairie Dalea candida Clover

dry - ave. P

Sun-med. shade

June and July yellow

Sun

July and yellow and red Aug.

24 - 48 dry - ave. A

Sun-med. shade

Sept. and Oct.

14 - 20 dry - ave. P

An annual used to add early color to seeded plantings. It also persists in perennial beds. A plant that is habitually orderly and clean in appearance. Produces frost flowers in late fall/early winter.

18 - 30 dry - ave. P

Like Purple prairie clover, but with coarser leaves and white flowers. Good addition to a prairie planting.

18 - 24 dry - ave. P

An ideal plant in a formal setting with fern-like foliage and many clusters of purple flowers.

24 - 48 average

Sun

lavender

June and July white

Dalea purpurea

Purple Prairie Clover

Sun

June and July purple

Delphinium carolinianum

Prairie Larkspur

Sun-med. shade

May June

purple

33

P

Delphinium exaltatum

Tall Larkspur

Delphinium treleasei

Prefers some shade and welldrained soil. Moist organic soil may cause root rot.

Sun-med. shade

July and blue Aug. purple

Trelease's Larkspur

Sun

May June

blue purple

24 - 36 dry - ave. P

Dodecatheon meadia

Shooting Star

Sun-med. shade

May June

white rose

10-16

Echinacea pallida

Pale-purple Sun - lt. Coneflower shade

June

pink purple

26 - 36 dry - ave. P

Echinacea paradoxa

Yellow Coneflower Sun

June

yellow

26 - 36 dry - ave. P

Echinacea purpurea

Purple Sun-med. Coneflower shade

June Aug.

pink purple

30 - 40 ave.- moi. P

Performs beautifully in sunny welldrained beds. Grows wild only on glades of SW MO and NW AR. A wonderful small, spring wildflower. Plants go dormant by July 1. Use with later blooming companions. Nice, fragrant, long-stemmed flowers with upright, narrow, 12" long leaves. Tolerates dry conditions. Similar to Pale-purple and Glade coneflowers, but with yellow flowers. Echinaceas make great cut flowers. Prolific bloomer over a long time. For contrast use with Grayhead coneflower. Slightly weedy in beds.

26 - 36 dry - ave. P

Similar to Pale-purple coneflower, but more intense flower color and begins blooming a week earlier.

Echinacea simulata

Glade Coneflower Sun

Equisetum spp.

Horsetail

June

24 - 48 average

pink purple

dry - ave. P

ave. 30 - 36 moi.

Sun

34

P

P

April and May

Erigeron pulchellus

Robin's Plantain

Eryngium yuccifolium

Rattlesnake Sun - lt. Master shade

Eupatorium coelestinum

Mist Flower, Wild Sun-med. Ageratum shade

Aug. Oct.

Eupatorium purpureum

Joe-Pye Weed

July and pink Aug. purple

Filipendula rubra

Lt. - med. shade

Sun - lt. shade

white and yellow 10-14

July and Aug. white

average

30 - 48 average

bluepurple

ave. 16 - 24 moi.

P

Flowers are like a large daisy with pinkish white petals. Good for drier, well drained, less organic soils than ragwort.

P

Unusual foliage plant for contrast. Attractive in beds in summer,fall, and winter. Good dried flower.

P

48 - 80 ave.- moi. P

Sun - lt. shade

July

pink

Gentiana andrewsii

Queen of the Prairie Bottle Gentian, Closed Gentian

Sun - lt. shade

Sept. Nov.

dark bluepurple 5-16

dry - ave. P

Gentiana puberulenta

Downy Gentian

Sun - Lt Shade

Sept. Nov.

dark bluepurple 5-16

dry - ave. P

Geranium maculatum

Wild Geranium

Apr. Lt. shade - and May shade

48 - 60 moist

pink laven.

P

16 - 22 ave.- moi. P

35

Masses of small flowers in fall give an image of blue mist. Spreads by underground stems. To make shorter with more flowers pinch top bud out after first or second set of leaves appear. Attractive foliage. Likes rich organic soil and water during dry periods. Use in rain gardens. The shiny foliage on formal looking plants is a welcome sight before the outstanding flowers arrive in fall.

Dense mounds of foliage last until Sept and Oct with adequate moisture. Attractrive flowers last 46 wks.

Glandularia canadensis

Rose Verbena, reg. color

Glandularia canadensis

Rose Verbena, rose-pink

Helenium autumnale

Sun - lt. Sneezeweed shade

Aug. Oct.

Helianthus occidentalis

Western Sunflower

July and yellow Aug.

Helianthus salicifolius

Willowleaved Sunflower

Helianthus silphioides

Silphium Sunflower

Heliopsis helianthoides

Heuchera Richardsonii

Ox-eye Sunflower

Alum Root, Coral Bells

P

The creeping stems will hang over walls. Long bloomer. Fragrant. Good butterfly plant. A color variation that commonly occurs in west-central Missouri. Prefers well-drained, sunny locations. Masses of bright yellow flowers cover the broad tops of these plants in the summer. Use in wet areas.

30 - 40 dry - ave. P

Helps to create uneven heights in prairie/meadow plantings, which is beneficial to ground nesting birds.

Sun

Mar. Nov.

lilac - rose 10-16

dry - ave. P

Sun

Mar. Nov.

lilac - rose 10-16

dry - ave. P

Sun

ave.24 - 48 moi.

yellow

Sun

July and yellow Aug.

36 - 72 dry - ave. P

Sun - lt. shade

Aug. Sept.

36 - 72 dry - ave. P

yellow

Sun - lt. shade

Jun. Sept.

yellow

24 - 48 dry - moi. P

Sun-med. shade

May and June

cream

24 - 36 dry - ave. P

36

Graceful foliage plant for the back of a bed. Use alone for bird seed. Pull unwanted seedlings early. Large, dark green, heart-shaped leaves make this natural finch feeder stand out in the back of a bed. This long bloomer provides quality birdseed from Aug-Nov. Use with summer flowers that are purple. Used by hummingbirds. Mounds of round, fuzzy leaves are the main feature. Plants don't like wet soil.

Sun - lt. Rose Mallow shade

Aug. and Sept.

Hydrastis canadensis

Golden Seal Shade

Apr. or May

Hypericum pyramidatum

Great St. John's-wort Shade

May June

Iodanthus pinnatifidus

Purple Rocket

Shade

May June

ShortSun Iris brevicaulis stemmed Iris shade

Hibiscus lasiocarpos

Iris cristata

Sun-1/2 Crested Iris shade

Iris fulva

Copper Iris

Sun-med. shade

Iris virginica

Southern Blue Flag

Sun-med. shade

white and ave. pink 48 - 66 moi.

P

white

6-10

ave. moi.

P

lilac

ave. 18 - 24 moi.

P

lilac

ave. 18 - 24 moi.

P

May June

blue

ave. 18 - 20 moi.

P

Apr. or May

blue

5-10

May

copper

18 - 24 moist

P

May

blue

30 - 40 moist

P

37

dry - ave. P

Naturally grows within 2' of water's edge, but does well when mulched in a perennial bed. Shrublike. Red, raspberry-shaped fruits in June and July. An attractive medicinal herb to put in good soil and shade. Showy flowers; attractive, smooth foliage; and large size make it a good plant for shaded, rich soil sites. An attractive member of the mustard family that deserves more use in shaded, rich soil areas. Tolerates full shade, but blooms better in bright areas. Of the native irises, it blooms last in the season. Great groundcover or border plant. Performs best in half sun and half shade. Prefers well drained soil. Works well near water, in rain gardens, and perennial beds where rich, organic soil is abundant. Works well near water, in rain gardens, and perennial beds where rich, organic soil is abundant.

Lespedeza capitata

Roundheaded Bushclover

Sun - lt. shade

July Sept.

green/ cream

30 - 40 average

Liatris aspera

Sun - lt. Rough Blazing Star shade

Sept.

purple

24 - 48 dry - ave. P

The reddish-brown seed heads are attractive through winter. A good wildlife plant. Flowers when monarchs migrate. Plant all three tall blazing star species together to extend flowering. Needs dry, poor conditions to keep it from becoming too lanky. Attractive foliage.

Liatris mucronata

P

Bottlebrush Blazing Star Sun

July Aug.

purple

18 - 30 dry

P

Dotted Liatris punctata Blazing Star Sun

July Aug.

purple

18 - 30 dry

P

Liatris pycnostachya

Prairie Blazing Star Sun

Eastern Sun - lt. Liatris scariosa Blazing Star shade

Liatris squarrosa

Lobelia cardinalis

July Aug. Aug. and Sept.

Scaly Blazing Star Sun

July Aug.

Cardinal Flower

Aug. and Sept.

Sun - lt. shade

purple

30 - 48 average

purple

30 - 54 average

purple

12-24

red

P

This one has the most intense color and seems to be the best Liatris for attracting butterflies.

dry - ave. P

24 - 54 moist

38

P

Handles a wide range of moisture. All blazing stars are natural butterfly restaurants.

P

The fuzzy leaves and remaining seed structures will continue to attract attention well into winter. Attracts hummingbirds and yellow butterflies. Needs organic soil. Water during dry periods.

Lobelia siphilitica

Sun - lt. Blue Lobelia shade

Sept. and Oct.

Maianthemum racemosum

False Solomon's Seal

Lt. - full shade

May June

Manfreda virginica

Agave, False Aloe

Sun-med. shade

green/ Jun-July brown

Marshallia caespitosa

Barbara's Buttons

Sun

May and June April and May

pink - blue 12-24

magenta

36 - 48 dry - ave. P

P

P

blue

12-24

ave. moi.

P

cream

ave. 16 - 30 moi.

P

5-10

white

8-14

dry - ave. P

dry - ave. P

Mertensia virginica

Bluebells

Sun shade

Mimosa quadrivalvis

Sensitive Briar

Sun - lt. shade

June Aug.

Mimulus ringens

Monkey Flower

Sun - lt. shade

June Sept

blue

ave. 24 - 36 moi.

Sun shade

May and June

lavendar

18 - 24 average

Monarda bradburiana

Bee Balm, Horsemint

39

ave. moi.

P

Very similar to Cardinal flower. Both are good choices for rain gardens. Adds contrast to shade gardens. Clusters of ruby red berries replace the creamy white flower clusters. Interesting foliage plant with purplish mottling. Could use near landscape boulders in a dry, sunny bed. Short, compact foliage is green through winter. Several plants together look good. Beautiful forest wildflower. Needs organic soil. Goes dormant in late June, so plant amoung other species. Every child should see the leaves fold up when touched. Only seeds available as plants don't transplant.

A showy, long bloomer suitable for rain gardens and moist beds. Excels in partly sunny locations where it assumes a dense cushion shape. Not invasive like exotic mints.

Monarda fistulosa

Wild Bergamot

Oenothera macrocarpa

Missouri Primrose

Oenothera pilosella

Prairie Sundrops

Oenothera speciosa

Pink Primrose

Oenothera speciosa

White Evening Primrose

Opuntia humifusa

June and July lavendar

Sun

May and June

yellow

36 - 48 average

5-12

P

dry - ave. P

Sun - lt. shade

May July

yellow

ave. 16 - 20 moi.

Sun

May and June

pink

12-20

dry - ave. P

Sun

May and June

white

12-20

dry - ave. P

Prickly Pear Cactus Sun

May and June

yellow

8-14

dry

Orbexilum Sampson's pedunculatum Snakeroot

Palafoxia callosa

Sun - lt. shade

Spanish Needles

Sun

Sun

May and July lavendar Sept. and Oct.

lavendar

40

P

P

A large plant. Morning or full sun and a breezy site will eliminate the formation fo mildew on this one. One of the best for dry, sunny locations. Will hang over walls. A prolific plant in cultivations. 1.5" waxy yellow flowers. Spreads slowly. Suitiable for the dryer parts of rain gardens. Plants spread rapidly in good, loose soil. Best used as groundcover, or added to meadow plantings. Same qualities as Pink Evening Primrose. If used in a bed, neither species will out compete larger plants. If you have a dry, sunny bed like a rock garden or the top of a retaining wall, why not include a cactus?

20 - 36 dry - ave. P

20 - 36 dry - ave. A

Will reseed annually in harsh, dry conditions. Use in beds for fall color. Can handle several prunings.

Parthenium integrifolium

Sun - lt. Wild Quinine shade

June and July white

30 - 40 dry - ave. P

Penstemon cobaea

Purple Beardtongue

Sun

May and June

18 - 30 dry - ave. P

Penstemon digitalis

Foxglove Beardtongue

Sun - lt. shade

May and June

white

30 - 50 ave. - moi P

Penstemon pallidus

Pale Beard- Sun - lt. tongue shade

May and June

white

12-24

Penstemon tubaeflorus

Prairie Beardtongue

Phlox bifida

Sun - med. March Sand Phlox shade May pale blue 4-6

dry - ave. P

Phlox divaricata

Wild Sweet William

ave. moi.

Phlox glaberrima

Smooth Phlox

Sun

Sun shade

Sun - lt. shade

June

Apr. June

June July

purple

white

dry - ave. P

deep magenta

41

16 - 24 moist

Prolific and versatile. Seed pods are almost red in summer. Most hardy of the White Beardtongues. Blooms earlier than the other Beardtongues and is shorter. Grows in much dryer conditions than digitalis.

P

Works well with Purple Beardtongue, needing a similar, well drained, sunny location. Colorful ground cover, forming large creeping mats. Best in slightly shaded areas on welldrained slopes. Delightful, early bloomer. Increases readily from seed if leaf litter is mulched, burned, or removed.

P

A bright, medium height. Phlox that likes slightly moist soil. Can be used in rain gardens.

30 - 48 dry - ave. P

blue - lilac 12-16

This attractive plant is being overlooked for beds where contrast is needed. Dries well in full bloom. Spectacular! Plant behind Missouri Primrose. Don't enrich soil; add lime at most. Prefers gravel mulch.

P

For good, highly organic soil, this is the best phlox. Not aggressive or mildew pron. Use in rain gardens.

P

A reliable nectar source for butterflies in summer. All phlox species are good nectar sources.

average

P

Great color and long bloomer. Spreads slowly, acceptably finding its way between other plants.

12 - 24 average

P

Phlox maculata

Meadow Phlox

Sun-med. shade

July Oct.

Phlox paniculata

Garden or Summer Phlox

Sun shade

July Sept.

Phlox pilosa var. ozarkana

Ozark Downy Phlox

Sun - lt. shade

May and June

deep rose 12-18

Phlox pilosa var. pilosa

Downy Phlox

Sun - lt. shade

May and June

pink

reddishpurp.

30 - 48 moist

pink

ave. 30 - 48 moi.

Physostegia angustifolia

Obedient Plant

Sun - lt. shade

July Sept.

pink white

ave. 36 - 60 moi.

P

Polemonium reptans

Jacob's Ladder

Shade

Apr. June

blue

12-18

ave. moi.

P

Polygonatum biflorum

Solomon's Seal

Sun shade

May June

cream,

ave. 24 - 48 moi.

P

Porteranthus stipulata

Indian Physic

Sun shade

June

pale-pink 24 - 36 dry - ave. P

42

New flowers stay in the position they are moved to, hence "obedient". This species does not spread. A very nice forest (shade) species. The attractive foliage remains green a large part of the year. Great foliage plant. While considered a shade species, it should not be overlooked for a sunny location. With this one you don't just get soft foliage, you get red and yellow fall foliage and showy white flowers.

Slender Pycnanthemum Mountain tenuifolium Mint

Ratibida columnifera

Sun

Long-head Coneflower Sun

July and Aug. white June and July

12-20

yellow

dry - moi. P

20 - 30 dry - ave. P

A weak perennial on good soil, but very successful on sunny, dry sites.

P

Hardy perennial. Root systems and foliage well-suited for erosion control. Easy from seed.

P

Others sell Goldstrum, a cultivar of this native. We have a native variety that is clump forming.

Ratibida pinnata

Gray-head Sun-med. Coneflower shade

June and July yellow

36 - 48 average

Rudbeckia fulgida

Orange Sun - lt. Coneflower shade

July Sept.

ave. 20 - 30 moi.

Rudbeckia hirta

Black-eyed Susan

Rudbeckia missouriensis

Missouri Coneflower Sun

Sun - lt. shade

yellow

24 - 36 average

July and Aug. yellow Aug. and Sept.

Brown-eyed Sun - med. JulySusan shade Sept.

Rudbeckia Sun-med. Sweet subtomentosa Coneflower shade

Rudbeckia triloba

June

yellow

A

20 - 30 dry - ave. P

yellow

ave. 36 - 54 moi.

P

yellow

ave. 36 - 54 moi.

A

43

An excellent nectar plant for butterflies. A mint that spreads slowly. It is fragrant and can be used in tea.

An annual included in seed mixes for early color. Will move around when used in perennial beds. Exceptional perennial for sunny, well-drained beds. Blooms a long time in July and Aug. Good cut flower. Becomes quite large in fertile beds, becoming 2-3 feet across with hundreds of flowers. An annual, 3-5 ft tall with many 1.5" diameter flowers. Use in seeded meadow plantings and beds.

Sun - lt. Ruellia humilis Wild Petunia shade

Salvia azurea

Blue Sage

Sun - lt. shade

June Sept.

blue

12-16

Aug. and Sept.

blue

36 - 60 dry - ave. P

Sanguinaria canadensis

Bloodroot

Saururus cernuus

Sun - med. May Lizard's Tail shade Sept.

Shade

Mar April

dry - ave. P

white

8

ave.

P

cream

20 - 40 moi. - wet P

blue

ave. 30 - 40 moi.

P

white

2-4

average

P

P

Scutellaria incana

Downy Skullcap

Sun-3/4 shade

Aug. and Sept.

Sedum ternatum

Wild Stonecrop

Sun-med. shade

May

Half sunfull shade

April and May

yellow

12-24

ave. moi.

Half sunfull shade

April and May

yellow

10-14

dry - ave. P

Senecio aureus

Senecio obovatus

Golden Ragwort

Squawweed

44

These small, long lived plants work well around the edges of sunny, dry beds. Very long bloom period. Pinch tops once to make shorter. Good color companions are Sweet Coneflower and Royal Catchfly. This petite, early spring bloomer deserves space near the border of any shady wildflower garden. Use in rain gardens and wet areas. Plants have spikes of fragrant, white flowers and heartshaped leaves. Performs best in good, fertile soil in sun or shade. Use near Cardinal Flower. A water garden candidate. Good for border or ground cover where short "evergreen" species are needed. Reproduce by tip cuttings. A ground cover for rich soil in average to wet locations. Stays green in winter. Good for rain gardens. Prefers dryer conditions than Golden Ragwort, and it has smaller foliage. Remains green in winter.

Senna marilandica

Wild Pink

Silene regia

Royal Catchfly

Silene virginica Fire Pink

Silphium integrifolium

Silphium laciniatum

Silphium perfoliatum

Silphium terebinthinaceum

P

dry - ave. P

Greets the hummingbirds on their arrival. Superb in nearly full sun and well drained, sandy soil.

July and yellow Aug.

ave. 48 - 60 moi.

Sun-med. shade

Apr. and May

pink

2-4

Sun

June Aug.

red

24 - 48 average

Sun-med. shade

Apr. and May

Sun - lt. Wild Senna shade

Silene caroliniana, wherryi

Larval food source for two butterfly species. Unusual foliage and seed pods. Seeds are wildlife food. Early plant for butterflies. Small plant that will need some weed free space. Prefers sandy acid soil. Long blooming period. Midsummer hummingbird food source. Flowers 2nd year, but it matures slowly.

Sun Rosin Weed lt.shade

red

10-16

July and Aug. yellow

P

dry - ave. P

48 - 72 dry - ave. P

Compass Plant

Sun

July and yellow Aug.

48 - 96 average

P

Cup Plant

Sun lt.shade

July Sept.

ave. 60 - 96 moi.

P

Sun - lt. Prairie Dock shade

Aug. and Sept.

yellow

yellow

24 - 36 dry - ave. P

45

Goes well with Big Bluestem and Prairie Blazing Star. Produces large birdseed.

Excellent large foliage plant with leaves shaped like elephant ears. Produces large birdseed.

Solidago drummondii

Cliff Goldenrod

Sun-med. shade

Sept. Oct.

Solidago nemoralis

Gray Goldenrod

Sun - lt. shade

July Sept.

Solidago petiolaris

Woodland Goldenrod

Sun - med. Sept. shade Oct

Solidago riddellii

Riddell's Goldenrod

Sun - lt. shade

Rigid Solidago rigida Goldenrod

Solidago speciosa

Spigelia marilandica

Stylophorum diphyllum

Sun

Aug. and Sept.

Sept.

Showy Goldenrod

Sun - lt. shade

Indian Pink

Half sun-lt. May shade July

Celandine Poppy

Shade

Sept. Oct.

April and May

yellow

18 - 30 dry - ave. P

P

A compact goldenrod with ornate flowers clusters. It loves lousy, dry soil in hot, sunny locations. If there was a yellow blazing star, it would look much like this goldenrod. Good choice for partial shade. A great choice for rain gardens. Combine with Cardinal Flower and Blue Lobelia in average to moist soil.

P

Finches love the seeds. It will provide color contrast for Blue Sage and Rough Blazing Star.

yellow

16 - 24 dry - ave. P

yellow

24 - 36 dry - ave. P

yellow

ave. 36 - 48 moi.

yellow

30 - 48 average

3 to 5 plants in a mass planting makes a great show of foliage and flowers. Can be used in shade gardens.

yellow

24 - 48 dry - ave. P

The vertical flower clusters go well with Rough Blazing Stars. It's common name describes it well.

red and yellow

ave. 18 - 24 moi.

P

Great hummingbird plant.

P

A wonderful forest wildflower that needs good, organic soil and shade to do well.

ave. 16 - 24 moi.

yellow

46

Talinum calycinum

Tephrosia virginiana

Fame Flower, Rock Pink

Sun

Goat's Rue

Sun - lt. shade

Thalia dealbata

Water Canna

Tradescantia ernestiana

Woodland Spiderwort

May Sept.

magenta

5-12

June

pink and cream

16 - 24 dry - ave. P

Sun - lt. shade

July and blue purple Aug.

Shade

April May

dry

48 - 60 wet

rose purple

5-12

ave. moi.

P

P

Handsome plant in greenhouses, sun rooms, and outdoor pools and ponds. Plant outside in 6-12" water. A showy species for shade. Foliage dies back in summer and reappears in fall. Likes good organic soil.

P

Very attractive for the back or middle of beds. Prolific in good soil, producing large clumps.

P

Tradescantia ohiensis

Ohio Spiderwort

Sun - lt. shade

May July

blue

36 - 48 average

Verbesina helianthoides

Wing Stem

Sun - lt. shade

June Aug.

yellow

36 - 48 dry - ave. P

Vernonia arkansana

Curlytop Ironweed

Sun - lt. shade

June Oct.

blue purple

36 - 48 average

P

Veronicastrum virginicum

Sun - lt. Culver's-root shade

June Aug.

white

ave. 36 - 48 moi.

P

47

Flowers open noon till dark, June Sept. Delicate, petite plant for the driest conditions. Works in pots.

An attracive plant from head to toe, not a "weed". Sizable plant for the back of beds and rain gardens. A vertical plant with spikes of white flowers and attractive, whorled leaves. Rain gardens and good soil.

Waldsteinia fragarioides

Barren Strawberry

April Any shade June

Yucca glauca

Soapweed Yucca

Zizia aptera

Golden Alexanders

yellow

4-6

Sun

April June

creamy white

36 - 60 dry - ave. P

Sun - lt. shade

May June

yellow

12-20

48

dry - moi. P

dry - ave. P

Waxy buttercup-like flowers. A choice ground cover for shade, that thrives in humus rich soil. A yucca with a much different look, having narrow, silvery green foliage. Use in sunny, dry locations. A host plant for Black and Missouri Woodland Swallowtail butterflies. Blooms a long time in Spring.