MECHANIZED EXCAVATION OF LONG TRANSPORT TUNNELS

D2 MECHANIZED EXCAVATION OF LONG TRANSPORT TUNNELS Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Prague, June 17, 2008 Andr...
Author: Alison Perkins
47 downloads 0 Views 1MB Size
D2

MECHANIZED EXCAVATION OF LONG TRANSPORT TUNNELS Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design

Prague, June 17, 2008 Andreas Beil / Alfred Schulter D2 Consult ZT-GmbH, Linz / Austria 1

Seite 1

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Design Principles and Inputs Construction Systems Segment Lining Systems Ring Geometry Sealing Systems Requirements to Systems Influences Joint Configurations Bolts / Centering Tools Tolerances

D2

Content of this presentation

22

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 2

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Principles of Segmental Linings

• Approx. Length of tunnel with fixed diameter exceeding approx. 2,000 meter.

• Combine TBM- and segment designer immediately after fixing of method and before start of design work. • Both designs should show minimum 10 years of relevant experience. • Client to specify dual requirements of TBM and lining. • Distribution of technical responsibilities at interface. 33 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 3

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Basic Inputs for Design of Segmental Linings • Minimum Radius of Tunnel allignment • Maximum Diameter of Tunnel

• Dual requirements of TBM and lining (e.g. width of the ring, segments per ring, max. loadings of TBM thrusts) • Geotechnical datas (e.g. max. overburden, max. ground water pressure) • Other requirements (e.g. fire loadings, tunnel operation loadings, earth quake, minimum tolerances)

44

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 4

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Thrusters of TBM

55 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 5

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Master Ring

Master ring for checking of defined tolerance and segment details

66

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 6

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Segment Lining system with fixed diameter

D2

Construction Systems (1)

Lining totally with segments Closed longitudinal joints – fixed outer diameter Filling of annular space with gap grouting material

77 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 7

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Construction Systems (2)

Expendet segment Lining with variable diameter Lining totally with segments Variable outer diameter Segment system with compressing elements – Filling of annular space with gap grouting material

88 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 8

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Construction Systems (3)

Lining Systems with invert segments Integration of purpose formed invert segments Function: immediate fastening (invert, carriageway, drainage) Invert segment part of final lining

99 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 9

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Lining system with conventional supporting elements and integrated invert segments

D2

Construction Systems (4)

precast segments in invert only Use of shotcrete, anchors and cast-in-place concrete Carriageway with drainage Part of final segment lining

10 10 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 10

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Single lining system with invert segment

11 11 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 11

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Construction Systems (5) Single-lining with segments Full support of excavation survace Structural safety of tunnel Serviceablity of tunnel (water tightness, durability) Quality requirements to tunnel lining surface

12 12 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 12

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Double-lining systems with segments and final lining of cast in place concrete

D2

Construction Systems (6)

Sustainable final lining constructed as cast-in-place inner layer Absorbing of ground water loadings by final cast-in-place lining Segment lining will absorb all other geotechnical loadings

13 13 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 13

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Construction Systems (7)

Double-lining systems with segments and functional final lining Function of final lining is limited (e.g. fire loading, sealing, collision protection, …) Function or segment lining equal to single-lining system

14 14 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 14

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Double Lining System

15 15 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 15

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Construction Systems (8)

Double-lining system with invert segments Combination of invert segment with shotcrete final lining Function of integrated invert segment Immediate fastening Protection of excavation intrados Serviceability of tunnel construction (water tightness, durability)

16 16 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 16

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Segment Systems

Rectangle system Trapezoid system Rhomboid system Hexagonal system 17 17 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 17

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Example for Trapezoid Segments

18 18 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 18

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Rhomboid key stone segment

19 19 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 19

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Example for Hexagonal Segments

20 20 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 20

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Details of Segment Geometry

21 21 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 21

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Ring Geometry

Parallel Ring system Parallel Ring system with corrections rings Left-Right-Systems Universal Ring Systems

22 22 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 22

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Watertightness

Membrane Systems Installation between segment lining and cast-in-place concrete final lining Absorbing of ground water loadings by cast-in-place concrete final lining

Gaskets Installation in special grooves of the segment joints Absorbing of full ground water loadings by the segments

23 23 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 23

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Ring Geometry Examples

24 24 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 24

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Tunnel-Type

Challenge

Metro & Railway Tunnels

Low to Medium Water Pressure Low Reaction Forces

Soft Geometry, Soft Corner, Sliding Surface

Mountain Basis Tunnels

Tunnel Ovalization with gap opening Steps of Waterpressure Very High Water Pressure

Specially Stable Geometry, Hydro-swelling top and lips

Road Tunnels

Big Diameters and offsets Hydrocarbons, Fuels

Wide Profile, Protected surface or CR Rubber

Water Supply Tunnels

High Pressure Potable Water Contact

Stable Geometry, Drinkwater Rubber Quality

Combined Sewer Overflow Tunnels

Big Diameters, Waste Water Contact

Hydro-swelling on top, EPDM Rubber

Dätwyler solution

D2

Tailor-Made Gaskets

25 25

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 25

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Gasket Details

26 26 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 26

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Watertightening Capacity of Gaskets

27 27 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 27

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Interaction Thrust Pressure Gasket Relaxation STAGE1

STAGE2

28 28

0

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 28

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Example of Longitudinal Joint

29 29 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 29

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Example of Longitudinal Joint with Guiding Rod

30 30 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 30

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Example of Joint including Gasket

31 31 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 31

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Flat partial area joints

D2

Joint formations - Shapings

Groove-Tongue joints Conkave-Convex joints

32 32 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 32

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Circumferential Flat Joint

33 33 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 33

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Longitudinal Joint (Groove-Tongue)

34 34 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 34

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Centering Tools and Fastening Elements

Purpose Connection of joints (temporary / permanent) through boltings and dowels For guaranting stability during implementation For prohibiting movements Allow a more precise and simple installation of segments

35 35 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 35

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Inclined Bolt

36 36 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 36

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

Methods Flexible tools Guiding rod (longitudinal joint), dowel (ring joint) Dowells In longitudinal joints for absorption of traction and thrust No additional bolting necessary Bolts For temporary protection during assembling In longitudinal and ring joints Mostly inclined or curved

D2

Centering tools and fastening elements

37 37

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 37

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

BOLTEDLINING

D2

Joints

CONEXLINING

38 38 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 38

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Dowels

39 39 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 39

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Shear capacity test curves of dowels 140

Dowel BUCLOCK Heavy Duty capacity: 100,0 kN max. def.: 20,0 mm

Dowel CONEX capacity: 102,0 kN max. def.: 15,6 mm

130 120

Dowel ANEX capacity: 97,0 kN max. def.: 15,0 mm

110 100

Force [kN]

90 80

Dowel SOF-CLIP capacity: 97,6 kN max. def.: 23,0 mm

70 60 50 40 30

Dowel BUCLOCK (Standard) capacity: 60,0 kN max. def.: 20,0 mm

20 10 0 0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Deformation [mm] Dowel CONEX BUCLOCK (Heavy Duty)

Dowel SOF-CLIP BUCLOCK (Standard)

Dowel ANEX

40 40

Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 40

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Steel Dowel

41 41 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 41

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Example for dowel hole in radial joint

42 42 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 42

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

Segment Tolerances

43 43 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 43

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

U DI RA

+-1mm

mm

+3

RA DI

+-2

US

S

TH IC KN ES S

+1m m

CIRCUMFERENTIAL LENGTH +-1mm

D2

Tolerances

m m

SEGMENT PARTITION +-0.02°

44 44 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 44

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2 GO DIA

NA

m -1m + D OR C L

T WID

m -1m + H

WID TH

+-1m

m

Tolerances

LENGTH +-1mm

45 45 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 45

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

System requirements related to application and utilization Segment systems for railway tunnels Single- and double-lining systems All systems except „hexagonal system“ in use

Segment system for Metro tunnels Mostly single-lining sealed system All systems except „hexagonal system“ in use Basically universal ring and left-right-systems

46 46 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 46

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2

System requirements related to application and utilization Segment systems for road tunnels Single- and double-lining systems All systems except „hexagonal system“ in use Regarding sealing function all feasible

Segment system for water galleries and tunnels Mostly single-lining systems with open segment layer Closure of joints ex post Mostly parallel ring systems (with correction segments) and hexagonal segments in use

47 47 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 47

27. September, June 17,2004 2008

D2 Thank you for your attention!

48 48 Andreas Beil Concrete Segments for Tunnel Linings – Field of Application and Design Seite 48

27. September, June 17,2004 2008