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Measuring MC with Brookhuis Moisture Meters for Wood and Building Materials

MOISTURE METERS FEUCHTEMESSGERÄTE HUMIDIMÈTRES MEDIDORES DE HUMEDAD MEDIDORES DE HUMIDADE VOCHTMETERS

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Notice The information provided in this manual may be changed without prior notification. Brookhuis Applied Technologies B.V. shall accept no liability for any technical errors, typographical errors or omissions from this publication. Nor shall Brookhuis Applied Technologies B.V. accept any liability for consequential damage or damage caused by the provision or possible inappropriate use of this material. The information contained in this manual is protected by copyright. No part of this manual may be copied or reproduced in any other manner without prior permission in writing of Brookhuis Applied Technologies B.V. © 2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies B.V. All rights reserved. Printed in the Netherlands.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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Foreword In this manual, the settings and reference values for all Brookhuis Applied Technologies moisture meters for wood, building materials and paper are given. The reference values determine the course of the calibration lines programmed in the moisture meters. These reference values originate from scientific research conducted by Brookhuis Applied Technologies and the following institutions. • • • • • • • • • • • •

Building Technology (VTT) - Finland Bundesforschungsanstalt für Forst- und Holzwirtschaft (BFH) – Germany Danish Technological Institute (DTI) – Denmark Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) – Malaysia Forest Research Institute - New Zealand Forestry and Forest Products (CSIRO) – Australia Forintek Canada Corporation – Canada Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTI) – Norway Stichting Keuringsbureau Hout (SKH) - The Netherlands SHR Hout Research - The Netherlands Swedish Institute for Wood Technology Research (Trätek) – Sweden TNO Building and Construction Research (TNO Bouw) - The Netherlands United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - USA

As all of Brookhuis Applied Technologies instruments are microprocessor- controlled and the reference value data is stored in a memory, future expansion can take place using updates. As a result, Brookhuis Applied Technologies instruments are always up-to-date!

Enschede, 11 March 2015 Ing. P. Rozema

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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Revision This manual is written for the following instruments: S FMC from version 5.0 • • • • •

FMD from version 5.0 FME from version 5.0 FMW from version 2.0 FMI from version 3.0 version 1.3 - Values FMW changed.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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Contents

1 Characteristics ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Unit density .................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Moisture content.......................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 CEN (European Committee for Standardization) .............................................................................. 7 1.4 In Practice ....................................................................................................................................................... 7 2 Electric moisture measurement ...................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Outline ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.1 Wood species, building materials and paper ............................................................................. 8 2.1.2 Temperature .......................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.3 Accuracy.................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.4 Measuring depth.................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.5 Measuring methods ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.6 Measuring direction ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.7 Measuring surface ............................................................................................................................ 11 2.1.8 Measuring range ............................................................................................................................... 11 2.1.9 Preservatives ...................................................................................................................................... 11 3 Wood species ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 4 Building materials ............................................................................................................................................. 23 5 Paper ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Notes ......................................................................................................................................................................... 26

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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1 Characteristics In this chapter the unit density, the oven-dry method and the moisture measurement with the Brookhuis Applied Technologies moisture meters are described.

1.1 Unit density The formula for the unit density is:

Unit density Q [kg/m3] = ]mass at moisture content at 0% [kg] volume at moisture content at 0% [m3] (1) Unit density

The unit density is used for moisture measurements with the FMI and FMW moisture meters. •

For wood, the FMI and FMW are set at the average unit density applicable for a moisture content of 0%.

•

For building materials and paper, the FMW is set at the reference line.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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1.2 Moisture content The average moisture content of a sample is determined using the oven-dry method. •

For wood, a sample of approx. 100-200 gram is weighed and then dried at 102-105 °C, until the mass of the sample is constant.

•

For building materials and paper, we refer to the manual for the relevant measuring equipment.

The formula for determining the moisture content according to the oven-dry method is: Moister content in [%] = 100 x (mass wet [kg] – mass dry [kg] ) (mass dry [kg]) (2) Moisture content according to the oven-dry method The Brookhuis Applied Technologies moisture meters calculate the actual moisture content, as determined by the oven-dry method.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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1.3 CEN (European Committee for Standardization) EN 13183-1

Round and sawn timber Method of measuring moisture content Part 1: Method for determining moisture content of a piece of sawn timber (Oven-dry method)

EN 13183-2

Round and sawn timber Method of measuring moisture content Part 2: Method for estimating moisture content of a piece of sawn timber (Electrical resistance method)

EN 13556

Round and sawn timber Nomenclature of timbers used in Europa

1.4 In Practice Wood building materials and paper have an inhomogeneous composition. •

Wood is constructed from various layers and often contains resin ducts, cavities, knots etc.

•

Building materials and paper are different in composition and element size.

As a result, variations can occur in the electric characteristics and unit density of samples of the same type with similar moisture contents and temperature. The smaller these variations are, the greater the accuracy of the moisture measurement.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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2. Electric moisture measurement Brookhuis Applied Technologies distinguishes the following two electrical measurement methods for determining the moisture content: •

Moisture measurement by measuring the electric conduction (FMC, FMD, FME).

•

Moisture measurement by measuring the dielectric constant (FMI , FMW).

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2.1 Outline The following points are important for accurate moisture measurements with the Brookhuis Applied Technologies moisture meters.

2.1.1 Wood species, building materials and paper FMC, FMD, FME Every material has its own specific electric conduction.

FMW

FMI

Every material has its own specific unit density.

The correct reference values must therefore be set. In chapters “Wood species” and “Building materials” and “Paper”, the reference values are indicated.

2.1.2 Temperature FMC, FMD, FME Wood: As the wood temperature influences conduction, the correct wood temperature must be set. There is a choice of two temperature corrections.

1

FMW

FMI

The temperature has virtually no influence on a correct moisture measurement

The FMI cannot be used to determine the moisture content of building materials and paper.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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2.1.3 Accuracy FMC, FMD, FME

FMW

FMI

The material to be measured and the number of measurements determine the final accuracy of the moisture measurement. The reasons for this include the inhomogeneous composition and the moisture distribution. As a rule, the greatest accuracy is obtained when a See manual FMI. number of measurements are taken.

2.1.4 Measuring depth FMC, FMD, FME

FMW

FMI

Material that has been artificially dried will have higher moisture content at the core than at the edge.

Wood: The moisture content of a piece of wood is determined at about 1/3 of the thickness of the wood. The reference values are also based on this. If the moisture content of the core of a thick piece of wood must be determined, the wood can be sawn in two in order to measure the core more easily.

Wood: The measurement is calibrated on the material to be measured.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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2.1.5 Measuring methods FMC, FMD, FME Using insulated measuring pins, the moisture content is measured between the non insulated points of the measuring pins. The moisture content along the whole length of the measuring pin is measured using the non insulated measuring pins. It is typical that the highest moisture content is always measured between the non insulated part of the measuring pins.

FMW

FMI

The sensor measures the See FMI manual. average moisture content to a depth of 25 mm. Wood: For wood with a thickness of less than 10 mm, several sections can be laid on top of one another. As it is possible to measure through the material, notice should be taken of what is behind the wood

2.1.6 Measuring direction FMC, FMD, FME In general, it is of no consequence whether the measuring pins are placed lengthwise or crosswise. Wood: Preferably crosswise to the grain.

FMW In general, it is of no consequence whether the sensor is placed lengthwise or crosswise. Wood: Preferably crosswise to the grain.

FMI See FMI manual

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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2.1.7 Measuring surface FMC, FMD, FME In principle, a rough or smooth surface has no influence on the measurement. If the surface is wetter than the depth to be measured, insulated measuring pins are to be used.

FMW The surface should be clean, flat and smooth for an accurate measurement. It is possible to measure through a coating or a so-called surface course..

FMI In principle, a rough or smooth surface has no influence on the measurement. It is possible to measure through a coating or a so-called surface course.

2.1.8 Measuring range FMC, FMD, FME Wood: Measurements below 7% and above the wood fibre saturation point are not accurate. For a precise determination beyond the measuring range, we recommend using the oven-dry method.

FMW Wood: Measurements above the wood fibre saturation point are not accurate. For a precise determination beyond the measuring range, we recommend using the oven-dry method. .

FMI See FMI manual.

2.1.9 Preservatives FMC, FMD, FME Measurements of treated materials are, in general, not accurate. For a precise determination, we recommend using the oven-dry method.

FMW

FMI

In general, preservatives and salt solutions do not influence the moisture measurements.

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

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3 Wood species Reference values of wood species. For the precise moisture meter software version, we refer to the relevant manual. Trade name AB Reference Abachi (Obeche) Abarco Abura Afara, White Afrormosia Afzelia Agba Albizia, New Guinea Albizia, Solomon Island Alder, Blush Alder, Brown Alder, Common Alder, Rose Alerce Amberoi Amoora, New Guinea Antiaris, New Guinea Apple, Black AS/NZS 1080.1 Ash, Bennet's Ash, Crow's Ash, European Ash, Hickory Ash, Japanese Ash, Mountain (Oak Tasmanian) Ash, Red Ash, Scaly Ash, Silver (Northern) Ash, Silver (Queensland) Ash, Silver (Southern) Ash, Silver, New Guinea Ash, Silvertop Ash, White Aspen, Hard Azobé Balau Balau, Red

Botanic AB Reference Triplochiton scleroxylon Cariniana spp. Hallea ciliata Terminalia superba Pericopsis elata Afzelia spp. Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum Albizia falcatara Albizia falcatara Sloanea australis Caldcluvia paniculosa Alnus glutinosa Caldcluvia australiensis Fitzroya cupressoides Pterocymbium beccarii Amoora cucullata Antiaris toxicaria Planchonella australis AS/NZS 1080.1 Flindersia bennettiana Flindersia australis Fraxinus excelsior Flindersia ifflaiana Fraxinus mandshurica Eucalyptus regnans Alphitonia excelsa Ganophyllum falcatum Flindersia schottiana Flindersia bourjotiana Flindersia schottiana Flindersia amboinensis Eucalyptus sieberi Fraxinus americana Acronychia laevis Lophira alata Shorea laevis Shorea guiso

FMD, FME

FMW

2 3 2 3 2 2

253 124 162 246 195 107

0,36 0,70 0,52 0,52 0,65 0,73

360 700 520 520 650 730

3

157

0,46

460

2 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 3 3 2 5 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3

269 270 532 302 556 301 151 521 276 279 501 5 430 429 153 433 154 148 273 439 436 431 437 428 417 152 265 177 231 229

0,50 0,49 0,50 0,39

500 490 500 390

0,43

430

0,65

650

0,61 0,65

610 650

0,64

640

1,04 0,90 0,83

1040 900 830

FMC

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

FMI

13 Trade name Balsa Basralocus Basswood (Lime), American Basswood (Lime), European Basswood, Fijian Basswood, Malaysian Basswood, New Guinea Basswood, Silver Basswood, Solomon Island Bean, Black Beech Beech, Myrtle Beech, New Zealand Red (Hearted Untreated) Beech, New Zealand Red (Sapwood Boron) Beech, New Zealand Red (Sapwood Untreated) Beech, Silky Beech, Silver Beech, Silver (Sapwood Tanalith) Beech, Silver (Sapwood Untreated) Beech, Steamed Beech, Wau Beech, White (Fiji) Beech, White (Queensland) Birch, European Birch, White Birch, Yellow Bishop Wood (Fiji) Blackbutt Blackbutt, Western Australia Blackwood Bloodwood, Red Bollywood Box, Black Box, Brush (N.S.W.) Box, Brush (Queensland) Box, Brush (Source Unknown) Box, Grey Box, Grey, Coast Box, Kanuka Boxwood, New Guinea Boxwood, Yellow Brachychiton Bridelia Brigalow Brownbarrel

Ochroma pyramidale Dicorynia guianensis Tilia americana Tilia vulgaris Endospermum macrophyllum Endospermum malacense Endospermum medullosum Polyscias elegans Polyscias elegans Castanospermum australe Fagus sylvatica Nothofagus cunninghamii

2 2 2 2 1 4 2 2 1 3 3 2

FMD, FME 188 134 250 251 371 372 373 510 511 322 149 472

Nothofagus fusca

3

473

Nothofagus fusca

2

474

Nothofagus fusca

2

475

Citronella moorei Nothofagus menziesii Nothofagus menziesii Nothofagus menziesii Fagus sylvatica Elmerrillia papuana Gmelina vitiensis Gmelina leichardtii Betula pubescens Schizomeria ovata Betula lutea Bischofia javanica Eucalyptus pilularis Eucalyptus patens Acacia melanoxylon Corymbia gunmifera Litsea reticulata Eucalyptus largiflorens Lophostemon confertus Lophostemon confertus Lophostemon confertus Eucalyptus moluccana Eucalyptus bosistoana Tristania laurina Xanthophyllum papuanum Planchonella pohlmaniana Brachychiton carrthersii Bridelia minutiflora Acacia harpohylla Eucalyptus fastigata

2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 2

333 476 477 478 150 367 445 444 118 527 117 295 413 412 261 336 452 403 455 456 454 407 378 548 552 503 297 298 259 396

Botanic

FMC

FMW

FMI

0,70 0,40 0,49 0,45

130 700 400 490 450

0,66 0,67

660 670

0,66

660

0,61

610

0,65 0,71

650 710

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

14 Trade name Bubinga Buchanania Burckella, Solomon Island Butternut, Rose Calophyllum (Bintangor), Fijian Calophyllum (Bintangor), Malaysian Calophyllum (Bintangor), New Guinea Calophyllum (Bintangor), Philippines Calophyllum (Bintangor), Solomon Island Camphorwood, New Guinea Campnosperma Campnosperma (Malaysia) Campnosperma (Solomon Island) Cananga (Philippines) Canarium, African Canarium, Fijian Canarium, New Guinea Canarium, Solomon Island Candlenut Carabeen, Yellow Cathormion, New Guinea Cedar, Incence Cedar, Red Cedar, South American Cedar, Western Red Cedar, White Cedar, Yellow Celtis, New Guinea Celtis, Solomon Island Cheesewood, White (Queensland) Chengal (Malaysia) Cherry, American Cherry, European Cleistocalyx Coachwood Coondoo, Blush Cordia, New Guinea Corkwood, Grey Courbaril Crabwood Cudgerie, Brown Curupixia Cypress Cypress, Northern Cypress, Rottnest Island Cypress, White Dakua, Salusalu (Fiji)

Guibourtia demeusii Buchanania arborescens Burckella obovata Blepharocarya involucrigera Calophyllum leucocarpum Calophyllum curtisii Calophyllum papuanum Calophyllum inophyllum

4 2 1 1 2 2 3 2

FMD, FME 161 299 300 296 309 307 310 308

Calophyllum kajewskii

4

120

Cinnamomum spp. Campnosperma brevipetiolata Campnosperma curtisii Campnosperma kajewskii Canagium odoratum Canarium schweinfurthii Canarium oleosum Canarium vitiense Canarium salomonese Aleurites moluccana Sloanea woollsii Cathormion umbellatum Calocedrus decurrens Toona ciliata Cedrela odorata Thuja plicata Melia azedarach Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Celtis spp. Celtis philippinensis Alstonia scholaris Neobalanocarpus heimii Prunus serotina Prunus avium Cleistocalyx mirtoides Ceratopetalum apetalum Planchonella laurifolia Cordia dichotoma Erythrina vespertilio Hymenaea courbaril Carapa guianensis Canarium australasicum Macropholis Cupressus spp. Callitris intratropica Callitris preissii Callitris glaucophylla Decussocarpus vitiensis

2 2 4 1 2 3 2 2 1 4 2 1 3 4 4 2 3 3 1 1 2 2 3 4 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3

332 121 311 312 313 122 316 318 317 271 534 326 119 252 126 249 463 128 328 327 275 469 218 217 334 329 502 335 374 165 123 314 179 131 304 305 303 352

Botanic

FMC

FMW

FMI

0,85

850

0,59

590

0,65

650

0,38

380

0,46

460

0,26

260

0,36 0,48 0,44 0,34 0,55 0,44

360 480 440 340 550 440

0,42

420

0,58 0,54

580 540

0,83 0,59

830 590

0,45

450

0,38

380

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

15 Trade name Dibetou (Walnut African) Dillenia (Solomon Island) Doi (Fiji) Douka Drypetes, New Guinea Duabanga, New Guinea Ebony, New Guinea Indian Elm, American Elm, European Erima Evodia, White Figwood (Moreton Bay) Fir, Alpine Fir, Amabilis Fir, Douglas Fir, Douglas (New Zealand) (Sapwood Treated) Fir, Douglas (New Zealand) (Sapwood Untreated) Fir, Douglas (New Zealand) (Truewood Untreated) Fir, Grand Fir, Red Fir, White Galip Garo-Garo Garuga Gonçalo Alves Greenheart Greenheart, Queensland Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Guarea, Scented (Black) Guarea, Scented (White) Guariuba Gum, Black Gum, Blue, Southern Gum, Blue, Sydney Gum, Grey Gum, Grey, Mountain Gum, Maiden's Gum, Manna Gum, Mountain Gum, Pink Gum, Red Gum, Red, Forest

Lovoa trichilioides Dillenia salomonese Alphitonia zizphoides Thieghemella africana Drypetes spp. Duabanga moluccana Diospyros spp. Ulmus americana Ulmus spp. Octomeles sumatrana Melicope micrococca Ficus macrophylla Abies lasiocarpa Abies amabilis Pseudotsuga menziesii

4 1 2 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 3 3

FMD, FME 178 357 274 247 141 359 136 256 257 480 464 426 104 102 219

Pseudotsuga menziesii

2

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Botanic

FMC

FMW

FMI

0,50

500

0,55 0,66 0,74

550 660 740

1,09 0,60 0,61

1090 600 610

0,32 0,43 0,50

320 430 500

515

0,50

500

3

516

0,50

500

Pseudotsuga menziesii

2

517

0,50

500

Abies grandis Abies magnifica Abies alba Canarium indicum Matixiodendron pschyclados Garuga floribunda Astronium spp. Ocotea rodiaei Endiandra compressa Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Guarea cedrata Guarea cedrata Clarisia racemosa Nyssa sylvatica Eucalyptus globulus Eucalyptus saligna Eucalyptus punctata Eucalyptus cypellocarpa Eucalyptus maidenii Eucalyptus viminalis Eucalyptus dalrympleana Eucalyptus fasciculosa Liquidambar styraciflua Eucalyptus tereticornis

3 3 3 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 2 3 4 4 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 3

103 100 101 315 462 441 114 189 368 1 2 3 4 159 160 130 187 398 415 414 388 405 420 389 395 175 418

0,37 0,38 0,43

370 380 430

0,95 0,95

950 950

0,57 0,57 0,69 0,50

570 570 690 500

0,90

900

0,51 0,90

510 900

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

16 Trade name Gum, Red, River Gum, Rose Gum, Shining Gum, spotted (Victoria) (lemon-scented) Gum, Sugar Gum, White Dunn's Gum, Yellow Handlewood, Grey Handlewood, White Hardwood, Johnstone River Hemlock Hemlock, Chinese Heritiera (Menkulang), New Guinea Hevea Hickory Hollywood, Yellow Horizontal Incensewood Iroko Ironbark, Grey Ironbark, Grey Ironbark, Red Ironbark, Red, Broad-Leaved Ironbark, Red, Narrow-Leaved Jarrah Jelutong Kahikatea (New Zealand) (Boron) Kahikatea (New Zealand) (Thanalith) Kahikatea (New Zealand) (Untreated) Kamarere (Fiji) Kamarere (New Guinea) Kapur Karri Kauceti Kauri Keledang Kempas Keranji (Malaysia) Keruing Kiso Kopie Lacewood, Yellow Laran Larch, European Larch, Japanese Larch, Western Leatherwood Lightwood

Botanic Eucalyptus camaldulensis Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus nitens Corymbia citriodora Eucalyptus cladocalyx Eucalyptus dunnii Eucalyptus leucoxylon Aphanante philippinensis Streblus pendulinus Bakhousia bancroftii Tsuga heterophylla Tsuga chinensis Heritiera spp. Hevea Brasiliensis Carya spp. Premna lignum-vitae Anodopetalum biglandulosum Pseudocarapa nitidula Chlorophora excesla Eucalyptus drephanophylla Eucalyptus paniculata Eucalyptus sideroxylon Eucalyptus fibrosa Eucalyptus crebra Eucalyptus marginata Dyera costulata Dacrycarpus docrydioides Dacrycarpus docrydioides Dacrycarpus docrydioides Eucalyptus deglupta Eucalyptus deglupta Dryobalanops spp. Eucalyptus diversicolor Kermadecia vitiensis Agathis australis, borneensis Artocarpus lanceifolius Koompassia excelsa Dialium platysepalum Dipterocarpus spp. Chisocheton schumannii Goupia glabra Polyalthia oblongifolia Anthocephalus chinensis Larix decidua Larix kaempferi Larix occidentalis Eucryphia lucida Acacia implexa

FMC 4 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 4 2 1 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2

FMD, FME 382 400 409 337 384 394 404 280 538 288 255 254 163 554 125 512 277 514 129 393 411 416 397 387 147 142 343 344 345 390 391 140 146 450 108 113 171 355 137 331 158 509 278 172 173 174 423 260

FMW

FMI

0,63

630

0,46

460

0,63 0,49 0,76

630 490 760

0,63

630

0,76 0,41

760 410

0,61 0,85

610 850

0,46 0,55 0,82

460 550 820

0,73

730

0,81 0,53 0,50 0,55 0,53 0,55

810 530 500 550 530 550

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

17 Trade name Macadamia Magnolia Mahogany, (New Guinea) Mahogany, African Mahogany, Brush Mahogany, Honduras (American) Mahogany, Miva Mahogany, Philippine Mahogany, Philippine, Light Red Mahogany, Philippine, Red Mahogany, Red Mahogany, Rose Mahogany, Sapelli (Sapele) Mahogany, Sipo (Utile) Mahogany, Southern Mahogany, Tiama (Gedu Nohor) Mahogany, White Mako Makore Malas Malletwood Malletwood, Brown Manggachapui Mango Mango, Philippines Mangosteen (Fiji) Mangrove, Cedar Manilkara (Massaranduba) Maniltoa (Fiji) Maniltoa (New Guinea) Mansonia Maple, New Guinea Maple, Queensland Maple, Rose Maple, Scented Maple, Sugar Mararie Marri Masiratu Matai Meranti, Bukit Frim 1999 Meranti, Dark Red Meranti, Nemesu Frim 1996 Meranti, Seraya Frim 1999 Meranti, SKH 2000 Meranti, Tembaga Frim 1999 Meranti, White Meranti, Yellow

Botanic Floydia praealta Magnolia acuminata/grandiflora Dysoxylum spp. Khaya spp. Geissos benthamii Swietenia spp. Dysoxylum muelleri Shorea almon Parashorea plicata Shorea negrosensis Eucalyptus botryoides Dysoxylum fraseranum Entandrophragma cylindricum Entrandrophragma utile Eucalyptus botryoides Entandrophragma angolense Eucalyptus acmenoides Trischospermum richii Thieghemella heckelii Homalium foetidum Rhodamnia argentea Rhodamnia rubescens Hopea acuminata Mangifera minor Mangifera altissima Garcinia myrtifolia Xylocarpus australasicus Manilkara kanosiensis Maniltoa grandiflora Maniltoa pimenteliana Mansonia altissima Flindersia pimentelianan Flindersia brayleyana Cryptocarya erythroxylon Flindersia laevicarpa Acer saccharum Pseudoweinwannia lachnocarpa Eucalyptus calophylla Degeneria vitiensis Podocarpus spicatus Shorea platiclados Shorea spp. Shorea pauciflora Shorea curtisii Shorea spp. Shorea leprosula Shorea hypochra Shorea multiflora

FMC 2 3 2 4 2 3 3 1 3 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 3 1 1 1 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 1

FMD, FME 438 180 363 170 443 242 361 227 193 234 379 360 144 145 380 143 375 547 248 448 523 524 449 459 458 440 553 181 460 461 182 435 432 340 434 106 518 381 354 507 236 237 235 228 238 232 230 233

FMW

FMI

0,52

520

0,50

500

0,51

510

0,48 0,51 0,46

480 510 460

0,63 0,60

630 600

0,53

530

0,62

620

0,96

960

0,60 0,55

600 550

0,68

680

0,51

510

0,63

630

0,53 0,55 0,53

530 550 530

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

18 Trade name Merawan Merbau (Kwila) Mersawa Messmate Moabi Mora Moustiqaire Movingui (Ayan) Musizi Neuburgia Nutmeg (Fiji) Nutmeg (New Guinea) Oak, American Red Oak, American White Oak, European Oak, Japanese Oak, New Guinea Oak, Silky, Fishtail Oak, Silky, Northern Oak, Silky, Red Oak, Silky, Southern Oak, Silky, White Oak, Tulip, Blush Oak, Tulip, Brown Oak, Tulip, Red Oak, Tulip, White Obah Odoko Olive, East African Olivillo Opepe Padouk, African Palaquium, Solomon Island Panga Panga Papuacedrus Para Angelim Parinari, Fijian Penarahan Peppermint, Broad-Leaved Peppermint, Narrow-Leaved Peroba De Campos Persimmon Perupok (Malaysia) Perupok (Malaysia) Pillarwood Pine, Aleppo Pine, Benguet Pine, Black

Botanic Hopea sulcala Intsia spp. Anisoptera laevis Eucalyptus obliqua Baillonella toxisperma Mora excelsa Cryptocarya spp. Distemonanthus benthamianus Maesopsis eminii Neuburgia collina Myristica spp. Myristica buchneriana Quercus spp. Quercus spp. Quercus petraea Quercus spp. Castanopsis acuminatissima Neorites kevediana Cardwellia sublimia Stenocarpus salignus Grevillea robusta Stenocarpus sinuatus Argyrodendron actinophyllum Argyrodendron trifoliolatum Argyrodendron peralatum Pterygota horsfieldii Eugenia spp. Scottellilia coriacea Olea hochstetteri Aextoxicon puncttatum Nauclea diderrichii Pterocarpus soyauxii Palaquium spp. Millettia stuhlmannii Papuacedrus papuana Hymenolobium excelsum Parinari insularum Myristica iners Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus australiana Paratecoma peroba Diospyros pentamera Kokoona spp. Lophopetalum subovatum Cassipourea malosano Pinus halepensis Pinus kesiya Prumnopitys amarus

FMC 2 3 3 3 4 2 2 3 4 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 1 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 4 2

FMD, FME 164 167 109 410 116 185 342 138 457 471 468 467 222 223 221 224 321 470 319 536 446 537 283 285 284 522 424 530 191 266 186 220 192 184 481 166 482 466 392 377 194 135 451 453 320 488 489 513

FMW

FMI

0,71 0,77 0,60 0,78 0,81 0,97

710 770 600 780 810 970

0,68

680

0,45 0,66 0,67 0,63 0,63 0,60

450 660 670 630 630 600

0,53

530

0,69

690

0,85

850

0,71 0,70 0,58 0,76

710 700 580 760

0,75

750

0,76

760

0,69 0,78

690 780

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

19 Trade name Pine, Bunya Pine, Canary Island Pine, Caribbean Pine, Celery-Top Pine, Corsican Pine, Hoop Pine, Huon Pine, King William Pine, Klinki Pine, Loblolly Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Maritime Pine, Parana Red Pine, Parana White Pine, Pitch Pine, Ponderosa Pine, Radiata Pine, Radiata (New Zealand) (Sapwood Aac) Pine, Radiata (New Zealand) (Sapwood Boliden) Pine, Radiata (New Zealand) (Sapwood Boron) Pine, Radiata (New Zealand) (Sapwood Tanalith) Pine, Radiata (New Zealand) (Sapwood Untreated) Pine, Red Pine, Scots Pine, Shortleaf Pine, Slash (Queensland) Pine, Southern Pine, Stone Pine, Sugar Pine, White Pittosporum (Tasmania) Planchonella, Fijian Planchonella, New Guinea Planchonella, New Guinea Planchonella, Solomon Island Planchonia Pleiogynium Podocarp, Fijian Podocarp, Red Poplar, Black Poplar, Pink Poplar, Yellow (Whitewood American) Quandong, Brown

Pinus bidwillii Pinus canariensis Pinus caribaea Phyllocladus aspenifolius Pinus nigra Araucaria cunninghamii Dacrydium franklinii Athrotaxis selaginoides Araucaria hunsteinii Pinus taeda Pinus contorta Pinus pinaster Araucaria angustifolia Araucaria angustifolia Pinus palustris Pinus ponderosa Pinus radiata

3 3 3 2 4 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 3

FMD, FME 485 486 198 484 204 281 350 287 282 211 199 206 110 111 205 208 209

Pinus radiata

3

Pinus radiata

Botanic

FMC

FMW

FMI

0,63

630

0,56 0,56

560 560

0,51 0,41 0,50 0,50 0,50 0,59 0,44 0,48

510 410 500 500 500 590 440 480

490

0,47

470

3

491

0,47

470

Pinus radiata

2

492

0,47

470

Pinus radiata

2

493

0,47

470

Pinus radiata

3

494

0,47

470

Pinus resinosa Pinus sylvestris Pinus echinata Pinus elliottii Pinus echinata Pinus pinea Pinus lambertiana Pinus monticola Pittosporum bicolor Planchonella vitiensis Planchonella kaernbachiana Planchonella torricellensis Planchonella thyrsoidea Planchonia papuana Pleiogynium timorense Podocarpus neriifolia Decussocarpus vitiensis Populus nigra Euroschinus falcata Liriodendron tulipifera Eleacarpus coorangooloo

2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 2

495 210 200 487 201 207 202 203 496 500 497 499 498 504 505 506 353 216 425 176 366

0,46 0,48 0,51 0,59 0,51

460 480 510 590 510

0,36 0,39

360 390

0,64

640

0,38 0,43

380 430

0,44

440

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

20 Trade name Quandong, Silver Quandong, Solomon Island Qumu Raintree (Fiji) Ramin Red Louro Redwood Rengas Resak (Malaysia) Rimu - Non-Truewood Boron Rimu - Non-Truewood Tanalith Rimu - Non-Truewood Untreated Rimu - Treuwood Untreated Robinia Roble Pellin Rosewood, Brasil Rosewood, Indian Rosewood, New Guinea Rosewood, Philippine Sasauria (Fiji) Sassafras Sassafras, Southern Satinash, Blush Satinash, Grey Satinash, New Guinea Satinash, Rose Satinay Satinbox Satinheart, Green Satinwood, Tulip Scentbark Schizomeria, New Guinea Schizomeria, Solomon Island Sepetir Sheoak, Fijian Beach Sheoak, River Sheoak, Rose Sheoak, Western Australia Silkwood, Bolly Silkwood, Silver Simpoh (Philippines) Sirus, White Sirus, White Sloanea Spondias Spruce, European Spruce, Nordic Spruce, Sitka

Botanic Elaecarpus angustifolius Elaecarpus spaericus Acacia Richii Samanea saman Gonystylus spp. Ocotea rubra Sequoia sempervirens Gluta spp. Cotylelobium melanoxylon Dacrydium cupressinum Dacrydium cupressinum Dacrydium cupressinum Dacrydium cupressinum Robinia pseudoacacia Nothofagus obliqua Dalbergia nigra Dalbergia latifolia Pterocarpus indicus Pterocarpus indicus Dysoxylum quercifolium Doryphora sassafras Atherosperma moschatum Acmena hemilampra Syzygium gustavioides Syzygium buettneranum Syzygium francisii Syncarpia hilii Phebalium squameum Geijera salicifolia Rhodosphaera rhodanthema Eucalyptus aromaphloia Schizomeria serrata Schizomeria serrata Sindora coriaceae Casuarina nodiflora Casuarina cunninghamiana Casuarina torulosa Allocasuarina fraserana Cryptocarya ablata Flindersia acuminata Dillenia philippinensis Ailainthus peekelii Ailainthus triphysa Sloanea spp. Spondias mariana Picea abies Picea abies Picea sitchensis

FMC 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 2 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 3

FMD, FME 364 365 263 526 156 190 226 155 338 346 347 348 349 225 479 133 132 519 520 362 358 286 264 544 541 543 540 483 442 525 376 528 529 239 324 323 325 272 339 427 356 267 268 533 535 196 555 197

FMW

FMI

0,51 0,58 0,57 0,37 0,59

510 580 570 370 590

0,52 0,52 0,52 0,52 0,69

520 520 520 520 690

0,83 0,83 0,56 0,56

830 830 560 560

0,53

530

0,55

550

0,43 0,43 0,41

430 430 410

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

21 Trade name Spruce-Pine-Fir Sterculia Stringybark, Brown Stringybark, Darwin Stringybark, Yellow Sycamore Sycamore, Satin Tallowwood Tatajuba Taun (Malaysia) Taun (New Guinea) Taun (Philippines) Taun (Solomon Island) Tawa Tawa - Sap & Heart Boron Tawa - Sap & Heart Untreated Teak Terap Terminalia, Red Brown Terminalia, Yellow Tetrameles Tingle, Red Tingle, Yellow Tornillo Totara Touriga, Red Tristiropsis, New Guinea Tuart Tulipwood Turpentine Vaivai-Ni-Veikau Vatica, Philippine Vitex, New Guinea Vuga Vutu Walnut (Paldao), New Guinea Walnut, Black Walnut, Blush Walnut, European Walnut, Queensland Walnut, Rose Walnut, White Walnut, Yellow Wandoo Wattle, Hickory Wattle, Silver Wenge Woolybutt

Botanic Softwood Sterculia spp. Eucalyptus capitellata Eucalyptus tetrodonta Eucalyptus muelleriana Acer pseudoplatanus Ceratopetalum succirubrum Eucalyptus microcoris Bagassa guianensis Pometia pinnata Pometia pinnata Pometia pinnata Pometia pinnata Beilschmiedia tawa Beilschmiedia tawa Beilschmiedia tawa Tectona grandis Artocarpus elasticus Terminalia microcarpa Terminalia complanata Tetrameles nudiflora Eucalyptus jacksonii Eucalyptus guilfoylei Cedrelinga catenaeformis Podocarpus totara Calophyllum costatum Tristiropsis canarioides Eucalyptus gomphocephala Harpullia pendula Syncarpia glomulifera Serianthes myriadenia Vatica, manggachapoi Vitex cofassus Metrosideros collina Barringtonia edulis Dracontomelum dao Juglans nigra Beilschmiedia obtusifolia Juglans regia Endiandra palmerstonii Endiandra muelleri Cryptocarya obovota Beilschmiedia bancroftii Eucalyptus wandoo Acacia penninervis Acacia dealbata Millettia laurentii Eucalyptus longifolia

FMC 4 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 1 2 2 4 4 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 3 3 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 3

FMD, FME 240 241 383 419 408 105 330 406 115 212 213 214 215 292 293 294 243 112 245 244 546 402 401 127 508 306 549 399 447 539 531 550 551 465 289 139 168 291 169 370 369 341 290 421 262 258 183 422

FMW

FMI

0,50 0,80

500 800

0,57

570

0,76 0,70 0,70 0,70 0,70

760 700 700 700 700

0,63 0,55

630 550

0,48

480

0,50

500

0,76 0,45

760 450

0,71

710

0,63 0,58

630 580

0,61

610

0,79

790

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

22 Trade name Yaka Yasi-Yasi I (Fiji) Yasi-Yasi Ii (Fiji) Yate Yertschuk

Botanic Dacrydium nausoriensis/nidilum Syzygium effusum Syzygium spp. Eucalyptus cornuta Eucalyptus considenia Acer Macrophyllum Acer pseudeplatanus Acer saccharum Agathis australis Agathis borneensis Agathis macrophylla Amburana cearensis Anadenanthera macrocarpa Andira inermis Aspidosperma polyneuron Aspidosperma centrale Astronium gravelens Aucoumea klaineana pierre Balfourodendron riedelianum Carpines Betulus Celtis occidentalis Chlorophora tinctoria - odorata Coelostegia durio Couarati guianensis. Cupressus lusitanica Cupressus macrocarpa Dinizia excelsa Diospyros virginiana Dipleryx odorata Diplotropis purpurea Dipterocarpus crinitus Dipterocarpus warburgii Entandrophragma candollei Entrandrophragma utile Erythropleum ivvornense Eschweilera longipes Eurisma uncinatum Fraxious americana Gmelina arborea Guibourtia arnoldiana Hallea ciliata Heritiera javanica Hymenolobium excelsum Iryanthera grandis Juglans neotropica Manilkara bidentata Manilkara huberi Mezilaurus navalium

FMC 2 2 2 2 3 3

2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 2

2 3 2

3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3

FMD, FME 351 542 545 386 385

FMW

FMI

0,56

560

0,55 0,57 0,68 0,46 0,46 0,46 0,67 0,89 0,64 0,67 0,87 0,78 0,39 0,80 0,67 0,53 0,76 0,61 0,54 0,45 0,45 0,89 0,78 0,94 0,91 0,73 0,73 0,63 0,60 0,80 0,90 0,59 0,64 0,47 0,79 0,52 0,64 0,65 0,63 0,65 0,92 1,10 0,76

545 570 680 460 460 460 670 890 640 670 865 780 390 800 670 530 760 607 540 450 450 890 780 940 910 730 730 625 600 800 900 590 640 470 790 520 640 650 630 650 920 1100 760

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

23 Trade name

Botanic

FMD, FME

FMC

Micropholis guianensis Myroxylon Balsamum Ocotea porosa Ocotea rubra Peltogyne venosa Pteracarpus angolensis Pterygota bequaertii Tecoma leucoxylon Terminalia ivorensis Vochysia ferruginea Vouacapoua americana

3 1 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3

FMW 0,79 0,77 0,59 0,58 0,76 0,55 0,55 1,05 0,49 0,37 0,85

In case wood species are missing in the list, please don’t hesitate to contact Brookhuis for advice. The Botanic name is important for us.

4 Building materials Reference values of building materials. For the precise moisture meter software version, we refer you to the relevant manual. Material

FMC

FMD FME

FMW-T

FMW-B

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

FMI 785 770 590 580 760 550 550 1050 490 370 850

24 Aerated Concrete Amino Plastic Particle board Brick Cardboard Concrete 200 kg/m3 Concrete 350 kg/m3 Concrete 500 kg/m3 Cork Floor. Anhydrite GD12 Floor. Anhydrite GD20 Floor. Arduparid Floor. Cement Floor. Elastic Floor. Gypsum Floor. Wood-Cement Gypsum Gypsum. Synthetic Lime Mortar MDF Phenol Plastic Particle board Sand-Lime Brick Slab. Asbestos-Cement Styropor Wood-Granite

18 30 13 25 14 15 16 32 10 10 11 27 17 19 22 21 20 23 28 31 24 12 29 26

18 30 13 25 14 15 16 32 10 10 11 27 17 19 22 21 20 23 28 31 24 12 29 26

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.01 2.02 0.00 2.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

25

5 Paper Reference values of paper. For the precise moisture meter software version, we refer you to the relevant manual. Material 150 g/m2 Kraft 150 g/m2 S.C. 440 g/m2 Kraft Ancore Assi Billerud Kemi Modo Paper PWA Rieger Roermond

FMC

FMD, FME 49 48 50 51 41 42 43 44 40 45 46 47

49 48 50 51 41 42 43 44 40 45 46 47

FMW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

26

Notes

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com

27

Manual moisture measurement version 1.5 specifications are subject to change ©2015 Brookhuis Applied Technologies BV T: +31(0)53 480 3636 E: [email protected] I: www.brookhuis.com