Lucir Reinaldo Alves Ph.D. Student at Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, Universidade de Lisboa
Eduarda Marques da Costa
Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, Centre for Geographical Studies, Universidade de Lisboa.
The present paper has the ambition to discuss the role of employment in innovative sectors and their relation with employment qualification structure and their contribution to productive restructuration. ◦ Other objectives: To present the specialization profile and the performance of the socioeconomy; To what point the main important sectors are composed with high qualification jobs and the evolution in the productive restructuration.
Variable: employees
◦ Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS) from the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE). ◦ Microdata from the IBGE censuses of 2000 and 2010.
Sectorial Analisys according to OECD/Eurostat:
Locational Quotient (LQ)
POij = Employed people, in the sector i from the region j (Toledo city)
POtj = Total people employed in the region j (Toledo city)
POit = Employed people, in the sector i from Paraná State POtt = Total employed people, in Paraná State.
The formula for calculating the location quotient (LQ) is:
LQ
POij / POit POtj / POtt
140.000 120.000
↑ 73% in the period from 1970 to 2010 ↑ 21% in the period from 2000 to 2010 90.74% living in urban areas
119.313 108.259
100.000
98.200
94.879
85.920
81.287
80.000
72.402
68.885 60.000
53.845 43.029 38.258
40.000
22.477
20.000
15.040
12.280
11.054
0 1970
1980 Rural
1991 Urbana
2000
2010
Total
Chart 1 - Population, urban and rural total in the municipality of Toledo - 1970/2010
40.000
From 2000 to 2010 Secondary sector:
↑ from 44.01% to 46.06%
1.080
↓ from 52.33% to 51.17%
35.000
Tertiary sector:
30.000
The city of Toledo can be considered as a strong industrial base municipality.
1.082
25.000
10.339 7.597
20.000
713
15.000 631 10.000
5.000
12.357
145
941
6.849
4.667
6.857
2.157 371 4.504
0 1985
2.875 327
5.661
6.181
1990
1995
Industry
Construction industry
1.457
846 3.344 591
5.295 2.289 314
5.390
16.503 13.019
7.988
2000 Trade
Services
2005
2010
Primary Sector
Chart 2 - Employees by sectors of the city of Toledo - 1985/2010
Source: Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS) from the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE).
Source: Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS) from the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MTE).
* there was a widening of basin of jobs in Toledo
From 2000 to 2010 From 41 to 75 the number of cities of origin of workers in Toledo The most significant cities in 2000 were: - Ouro Verde do Oeste with 156 - Cascavel with 149 - São Pedro do Iguaçu with 130 - Assis Chateaubriand with 102. In 2010: - The city of Ouro Verde do Oeste passed to the category of above to 500 with 563 people working in Toledo - Municipalities with more than 100 employees increased, namely: * Cascavel with 449 * São Pedro do Iguaçu with 416 * Assis Chateaubriand with 264 * Vera Cruz do Oeste with 224 * São J. das Palmeiras with 180 * Marechal C. Rondon with 174 * Tupãssi with 106
The results showed the existence of productive restructuring signs in Toledo city in the first decade of the XXI century. ◦ The restructuring model presented by this municipality is based on a reference of mediumsized city that established itself as a regional center and with development of specializations that include of high qualification intensive sectors and those with undifferentiated work.
Toledo has consolidated some specializations and increasing the participation of other sectors in its productive structure. ◦ There has been a positive dynamics of the industrial sector, this dynamism is also reflected in the service sector. In the industrial sector, we highlight the low-tech activities as the industrial sector employer when considering the absolute values. Moreover, the sector of high-tech industries has increased strongly its share of total employees and boosted the qualification structure in the city.
The consequences of this process are mainly the reorganization of the labor market region, with enlargement of the areas of exchange and influence, in other words, the municipality has been capturing labor of their surroundings to meet a growing demand of productive sectors. With this the full migration - people who come to reside in the city searching for a better quality of life and job - and the commuting migration - those people who move to the city daily / weekly - have increased in recent years.
Considering the various perspectives, the dynamism presented by Toledo in recent years represents: ◦ 1º) a segmentation of the slaughtering and preparation of meat and fish products sector, with labor-intensive and takes advantage of the proximity to the necessary production inputs; and ◦ 2º) the growth and affirmation of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry with high capital investment and innovation. In both sectors the biggest companies came to the city, means that they are exogenous capital.
Toledo is more and more are evolving to configure as medium-sized city that attracts and segments the capital and with this expands its regional division of labor, with a territorial reorganization of the economy and of persons directly or indirectly involved in these sectors, consolidating a microregional dynamic system around Toledo, configuring a new territorial productive structure.
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