Location of Class 3.1 Hazardous Substances HSNO COP 57 MARCH 2014
CONSULTATION DRAFT 19-3-2014 UNDER THE HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND NEW ORGANISMS (HSNO) ACT 1996
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Notes to consultation copy This version of the proposed Code of Practice HSNOCOP 57 Location of Class 3.1 Hazardous Substances has been prepared for consultaion purposes. Please pass this document onto parties whom you believe may be interested. The purpose of the proposed Code of Practice is to provide a means of compliance with the HSNO Act for the storage of flammable liquids in stores and workrooms. Specifically, the code of practice is intended to provide a means of compliance with the requirements of: ●
Schedule 10 clauses 3, 4, 10 to 16, 18, 24 to 32 and 33(1)(b) of the Hazardous Substances
(Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 (as amended); and ●
Clauses 21, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34 to 43 and 44(1)(b) of the Site and Storage Conditions for
Class 3.1 Flammable Liquids for flammable liquids in stores and workrooms. You will notice when perusing this code that clauses 2.2.6, 2.3.7 and 2.3.8 have been highlighted. These clauses have been included in this consultation version of the code but further consideration is required as to whether to include them in the final document. Your feed back is being sought as to whether you have a view on this matter. Submissions in relation to the approval of this code can be made by mail, facsimile or email to: Code of Practice Submissions Environmental Protection Authority Private Bag 63002 Wellington 6140. Facsimile: (04) 914 0433 Email:
[email protected]
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Table of Contents Notes to consultation copy ............................................................................................................................ 2 Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................ 3 1. Purpose and scope .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.
Purpose of this code............................................................................................................................ 6 1.1.1. Purpose
1.2.
6
Scope of this code ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.1. Scope
6
1.2.2. Terminology
6
1.3.
Prevention of Ignition........................................................................................................................... 7
1.4.
The HSNO Act and Codes of Practice ................................................................................................ 7
1.5.
Application of this code ....................................................................................................................... 7 1.5.1. Where this code of practice applies
7
1.5.2. Where this code of practice does not apply
8
1.5.3. Limits
8
1.6.
Referenced Documents ...................................................................................................................... 9
1.7.
Interpretation ..................................................................................................................................... 10
2. Stores......................................................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
Purpose of this chapter ..................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.1. Flammable substances in closed containers
19
2.1.2. Building configurations
19
Building types required for storage ................................................................................................... 21 2.2.1. General requirements for all building types that are a store
21
2.2.2. Type A Building
21
2.2.3. Type B Building
24
2.2.4. Type C Building
27
2.2.5. Type D Building
30
2.2.6. Buildings acting as a store with walls of different construction
33
Storage of flammable liquids in a store in a building......................................................................... 36 2.3.1. General requirements
36
2.3.2. Storage of up to 450 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building
36
2.3.2.1.
37
Attached store
2.3.3. Storage of up to 2,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building
39
2.3.3.1.
40
Attached store
2.3.4. Storage of up to 5,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building
42
2.3.5. Storage of up to 10,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a room in a building
44
2.3.6. Storage of up to 20,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building
46
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2.3.7. Attached store with walls of a different construction
48
2.3.8. Stores in a room with a ceiling or roof that does not achieve the fire resistance rating – use of parapet walls
51
2.4.
A store containing packages that are opened occasionally .............................................................. 52
2.5.
Storage cabinets ............................................................................................................................... 52 2.5.1. Storage cabinet construction
53
2.5.3. Hazardous atmosphere zones for storage cabinets
54
2.5.4. Storage cabinet location
55
2.5.5. Ventilation of storage cabinets
55
3. Retail Sale ................................................................................................................................................. 57 4. Work-Rooms ............................................................................................................................................. 58 4.1.
Purpose of this chapter ..................................................................................................................... 58
4.2.
Definitions applicable to this chapter................................................................................................. 58
4.3.
4.4.
4.2.1. Work-Room
58
4.2.2. Use
58
4.2.3. Paint-Mixing Room
59
4.2.4. Open and closed containers
59
4.2.5. Mixed classes of flammable liquids
59
Use of flammable liquids in limited quantities or outside .................................................................. 59 4.3.1. Use in limited quantities
59
4.3.2. Use outside
60
Building types required for a work-room ........................................................................................... 61 4.4.1. General requirements for work-rooms
61
4.4.2. Type 1 Building requirements
62
4.4.3. Type 2 Building requirements
65
4.4.4. Type 3 Building requirements
67
4.4.5. Paint-mixing room requirements
69
4.4.6. Work-rooms with walls of different construction
72
4.4.7. Work-rooms in a building with a ceiling or roof of a different construction
75
5. Doors ......................................................................................................................................................... 76 5.1.
Purpose of this chapter ..................................................................................................................... 76
5.2.
Requirements for doors ..................................................................................................................... 76 5.2.1. Doors into a work-room
76
5.2.2. Doors into a paint-mixing room
77
5.2.3. Doors into a store
77
6. Controlled zones and property boundaries ........................................................................................... 80 6.1.
Purpose of this chapter ..................................................................................................................... 80
6.2.
Requirements for controls extending over property boundaries ....................................................... 80
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6.2.1. Required controlled zones and separation distances
80
6.2.2. Managing controlled zones extending over property boundaries
80
Appendix A: Hazardous atmosphere zone ................................................................................................. 84 Appendix B: Controlled Zones and Separation Distances........................................................................ 86 Appendix C: Group Standards ..................................................................................................................... 91 Appendix D: Hazardous Substance Location ............................................................................................. 93 Appendix E: Quantity Ratios ........................................................................................................................ 94 Appendix F: Hazard Classification .............................................................................................................. 96 Appendix G: Secondary containment ......................................................................................................... 99 Appendix H: Hazard sign requirements .................................................................................................... 101 Appendix I: Vertical locations of stores and workrooms ........................................................................ 105 Appendix J: Hazardous substances and the production of alcoholic beverages ................................ 107 Appendix K: Ventilation .............................................................................................................................. 110 Appendix L: Prevention of ignition ............................................................................................................ 116 Appendix M: Fire protection ....................................................................................................................... 117
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1. Purpose and scope 1.1. Purpose of this code 1.1.1. Purpose 1. The purpose of this code is to specify the controls for stores and work rooms that hold class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C flammable liquids. It provides minimum acceptable requirements for the controls relating to the adverse effects of unintended ignition of flammable liquids. It tells you the requirement of stores and work rooms which minimise the risks from substances which have flammable properties.
1.2. Scope of this code 1.2.1. Scope 1. This code sets out the requirements and recommendations for: a. buildings and storage areas holding flammable liquids with hazard classifications 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C, as classified in the Hazardous Substances (Classifications) Regulations 2001, and which are held in packages, and b. buildings in which flammable liquids with hazard classifications 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C are used or held in open containers. 2. •
Compliance with this code of practice is one means of compliance with: clauses 3, 4, 10 to 16, 18, 22 to 32 of Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 (as amended)
•
clauses 21, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34 to 43 of the Site and Storage Conditions for Class 3.1 for holding flammable liquids in packages. 3. If the person in charge of the place where the hazardous substance is sited chooses to use this code as a means of compliance, they must ensure the all the mandatory provisions of this code are applied to control the adverse effects of unintended ignition.
1.2.2. Terminology The applicability of codes of practice is outlined in Section 1.5 of this code. Compliance with a code of practice is one means of compliance with those Regulations and sections of the Group Standards that the code is made under. 1. For users of this code, the terms “must” and “shall” have the meaning that the provision is mandatory for the application of this code. 2. The term “should” has the meaning that the provision is a recommendation and provides advice on good practice.
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3. This code has been divided into chapters, which have then been subdivided into sections, clauses and sub-clauses accordingly. 4. Appendices have been identified as “normative” and “informative”. A normative appendix is an integral part of this code, whereas an informative appendix is for information and guidance. 5. Section 1.7 of this code provides an interpretation of the terms used.
1.3. Prevention of Ignition 1. Whilst the scope of this code only includes minimising the impact of unintended ignition of hazardous substances as described in clause 1.2.1, prevention of ignition in the first instance is also important. Refer to Appendix L of this code for further guidance. 2. Hazardous atmosphere zones must be established and controls implemented where class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C flammable liquids are held in stores or work-rooms in quantities greater than those specified in Appendix A. 3. Mechanical or natural ventilation systems is also required in work-rooms where flammable liquids are used. This is to prevent the build-up of flammable vapours. Appendix K of this code discusses situation where ventilation is required.
1.4. The HSNO Act and Codes of Practice The HSNO regulations are largely performance based. This means that they specify a desired outcome without necessarily prescribing how to achieve it. They do not require a single specific means to be used to comply with any regulation. This allows for variations in the methods used to achieve compliance. The HSNO Act enables codes of practice to be approved by the Authority as a means of compliance with the HSNO Act and legislation made under that Act. An approved code of practice of this nature provides users with a method of meeting the control requirements with a degree of prescription and assistance. Such codes are not mandatory, but act as a defence to prosecution in accordance with the provisions of section 117(3) of the HSNO Act.
1.5. Application of this code 1.5.1. Where this code of practice applies 1. Locations – this code applies to the storage and use of flammable liquids whether they are held at a hazardous substance location or not. This code makes the following distinction of locations: a. A work-room is a place where hazardous substances are being used or are in open containers. b. A store is a place where hazardous substances are being held in closed containers.
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2. Controlled zones – this code describes where controlled zones for hazardous substances are required and the minimum extent of them. 3. Separation distances - this code describes where separation distances for hazardous substances are required. 4. Building Types - this code applies to Type 1, 2 and 3 buildings for work-rooms, and Type A, B, C, and D buildings for stores.
1.5.2. Where this code of practice does not apply 1. Transport vehicles – this code does not apply to transport vehicles containing flammable liquids, or to vehicle fuel tanks. However, this code may still apply to the location where such transport vehicles are held. 2. Potable spirits – this code does not apply to potable spirits in containers with a capacity less than five litres. Appendix K of this code provides further information on hazardous substances involved in the production of alcoholic beverages. 3. Bulk storage tanks- does not apply to the storage of flammable liquids in tanks.
1.5.3. Limits 1. This code sets out the requirements for minimising the consequences of an unintended ignition event and is limited to the building type, separation distance and controlled zone criteria in the HSNO Act. 2. All sites where flammable liquids are held must comply with all of the requirements of the HSNO Act. This includes minimising the possibility of an unintended ignition event, as well as implementing proactive measures to minimise adverse effects if such an event occurs. 3. This code is limited to substances with hazard classifications 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C. 4. The requirements of other relevant legislation must be complied with, including Acts such as the Building Act 2004 and the Resource Management Act 1991, etc. 5. Where buildings that hold hazardous substances are constructed, they may be subject to consents through the district plans of territorial authorities.
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1.6. Referenced Documents Document Code
Document Title
AS/NZS 1530.1 : 1994
Combustibility test for materials.
AS/NZS 1530.4 : 2005
Fire-resistance test of elements of construction.
AS 1940 : 2004
The storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids.
AS/NZS 2208 : 1996
Safety glazing materials in buildings.
AS/NZS 2430.3 : 1997
Classification of hazardous areas.
AS/NZS 4114.1 : 2003
Spray painting booths, designated spray painting areas and paint mixing rooms design, construction and testing.
AS/NZS 4114.2 2003
Spray painting booths, designated spray painting areas and paint mixing rooms – installation and maintenance.
AS/NZS 60079.10.1: 2009
Classification of hazardous areas- Explosive gas atmospheres.
HSNOCOP 42
Storage of class 3.1 substances in retail stores.
HSNOCOP 51 version 1.0
Selection of fire doors where flammable liquids are stored and used.
NFPA 30 : 2003
Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code.
NZS 4232.2 : 1998
Performance Criteria for Fire-Resisting Enclosures – Part 2: Fire resisting glazing systems.
NOHSC : 1003 (1995)
National exposure standards for atmospheric contaminants in the occupational environment.
WES-BEI
Workplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices 7th edition 2013 available from the WorkSafe NZ website http://www.business.govt.nz/worksafe Building Act 2004. Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996. Hazardous Substances (Chemicals) Transfer Notice; New Zealand Gazette No. 72, as at 28 June 2006. Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001. Hazardous substances (Classifications) Regulations 2001. Hazardous Substances (Emergency Management) Regulations 2001. Hazardous Substances (Identification) Regulations 2001. Hazardous Substances (Packaging) Regulations 2001. Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992. Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 (as amended); New Zealand Gazetted No. 35, as at 15 December 2008.
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Document Code
Document Title Site and Storage Conditions for Class 3.1 Flammable Liquids 2006. Site and Storage Conditions for Class 3.1 Flammable Liquids 2006 - Corrections.
SWRI 95-03
Testing requirements for multi-hazard above-ground flammable liquid/fuel storage tanks.
UN 07-2003
Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations.
1.7. Interpretation The table below gives interpretations of terms used in this code. Where there is a conflict with any term given in the Act, Legislation, Transfer Notice or Group Standard, those terms shall take preference over this code. Term
Definition
The Act
Refers to the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996.
Area of High Intensity Land Use (HILU)
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 and the Site and Storage Conditions for Class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, an area of High Intensity Land Use – 1. Includes: a. an area of regular habitation, and b. a structure made of or containing combustible materials relates to the structure itself i.e. a steel structure containing drums of solvent is not 1 included in this definition that would sustain a significant fire , and c. a high density traffic route, but 2. does not include a small office constructed of non-combustible materials associated with a hazardous substance location that is used by persons authorised to be at the location by the person in charge of that location. Appendix B of this code provides detailed information on areas of HILU. As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 , and the Site and Storage Conditions for Class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, an area of Low Intensity Land Use:
Area of Low Intensity Land Use (LILU)
1. includes: a. an area where any person may be legally present occasionally, and b. a public park or reserve, and c. a traffic route of low or medium density. Does not include an area of regular habitation. Appendix B this code provides detailed information on areas of LILU.
1
In this context a structure made of or containing combustible materials relates to the structure itself i.e. a steel structure containing drums of solvent is not included in this definition
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Term
Definition
Area of regular habitation
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, an area of regular habitation includes any dwelling, hospital, school, airport, commercial premise, office, or other area where people regularly congregate.
AS
Refers to the Australian Standard.
Authority
The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA).
Building Types
Types A, B, C and D buildings describe construction requirements for stores. Refer to Chapter 2 of this code. Types 1, 2, and 3 buildings describe construction requirements for work-rooms. Refer to Chapter 1 of this code. See also Type A building, Type B Building, Type C building, Type D building, Type 1 building, Type 2 building, and Type 3 building.
Code
This approved code of practice.
Container
A vessel or structure, whether moveable or fixed, in which hazardous substances may be cased, covered, enclosed, contained, or packed, and: 1. includes: a. any vessel (other than part of a vehicle’s fuel system) which forms an integral part of any vehicle, and b. any stationary container, and c. any package. 2. Does not include any landfill. See also Package and Packaging.
Controlled zone
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001 and the Site and Storage Conditions for 3.1 Flammable Liquids, controlled zone means an area abutting a hazardous substance location that is regulated so that: 1. within the zone, the adverse effects of a hazardous substance are reduced and prevented, and 2. beyond the zone, members of the public are provided with reasonable protection from those adverse effects. Appendix B of this code provides further information on controlled zones.
Controls
Any obligations or restrictions imposed on a hazardous substance, or on any person in relation to a hazardous substance.
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Term
Definition
Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR)
The minimum period of time for which an element (one side of which is subjected to a fire) continues to perform its structural function and does not permit the spread of fire. Fire-Resistance Rating is graded with the following format: A / B / C, where: A = Structural adequacy: B = Integrity: C = Insulation: For example, 60/60/60 FRR means the building element has a 60 minute structural adequacy rating, 60 minute integrity rating, and 60 minute insulation rating. Non-structural elements, such as doors, have a Fire-Resistance Rating written as -/60/60 FRR, or similar. Fire testing must be in accordance with the Building Act requirements.
Fire-resisting materials
Fire-resisting materials are materials that resist burning and withstand heat. Examples include metal cladding, fibre cement lining, brick cladding, etc.
Flammable liquid 3.1A
As defined in the Hazardous substances (Classifications) Regulations 2001, a class 3.1A substance is a flammable liquid that is a very high hazard, defined as having a flash point of less than 23°C and has an initial boiling point (IBP) of less than or equal to 35°C.
Flammable liquid 3.1B
As defined in the Hazardous substances (Classifications) Regulations 2001, a class 3.1B substance is a flammable liquid that is a high hazard, defined as having a flash point of less than 23°C and has an initial boiling point (IBP) of greater than 35°C.
Flammable liquid 3.1C
As defined in the Hazardous substances (Classifications) Regulations 2001, a class 3.1C substance is a flammable liquid that is a medium hazard, defined as having a flash point of greater than or equal to 23 °C, but less than or equal to 60°C.
Group standards
Refer to Appendix C of this code.
HSNO Act
Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996
Hazard classification
As specified in Regulation 4 of the Hazardous Substances (Classification) Regulations which for flammable substances comprises: 1. numbered classes indicating the intrinsic hazardous property of the substance (number 3): 2. numbered subclass indicating the type of hazard of the substance (number 1): 3. lettered category indicating the degree of hazard of the substance (letters A, B, C or D) 4. See also Hazardous substance.
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Term
Definition
Hazardous substance
Means any substance: 1. With one or more of the following intrinsic properties: a. explosiveness b. flammability c. a capacity to oxidise d. corrosiveness e. toxicity (including chronic toxicity) f. ecotoxicity, with or without bioaccumulation; or 2. Which on contact with air or water (other than air or water where temperature or pressure has been artificially increased or decreased) generates a substance with any one or more of the properties specified in paragraph (a) of this definition Refer to Appendix F of this code for description and classification of the intrinsic properties of hazardous substances. For more information on determining whether a substance is hazardous or not, and how it is classified, refer to: http://www.epa.govt.nz/hazardous-substances/about/what-is-hs/Pages/default.aspx
Hazardous substance location
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, a hazardous substance location, in relation to a class 3 substance: 1. means an area where an amount of the substance that is in excess of [the relevant amount specified in Appendix D of this code] is located for more than: a. 18 hours, in the case of a substance that is not subject to the tracking provisions of the Hazardous Substance (Tracking) Regulations 2001. b. 2 hours, in the case of a substance subject to the tracking provisions of those regulations. 2. does not include a vehicle, ship, or aircraft while it remains under the direct control of its driver, master, or pilot and under the jurisdiction of the Land Transport Rules, the Maritime Rules, or the Civil Aviation Rules, as the case may be. Appendix D of this code provides detailed information on hazardous substance locations.
Ignition source
An agency or agent, including any item, product, part of a facility structure or piece of equipment, capable of igniting a flammable gas, vapour or other form of combustible substance. Ignition sources include, but are not limited to, fire, flame, or spark, or anything capable of producing a fire, flame or spark.
IBP
Initial boiling point.
Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC)
A container that complies with Chapter 6.5 Requirements for construction and testing of intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) of the UN Model Regulations.
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Term
Definition
Large packaging
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Packaging) Regulations 2001, large packaging is packaging that is designed for mechanical handling, and, can contain a net mass of contents of more than 400 kg or has a capacity of more than 450 3 litres, and, has a volume of 3m or less. See also Package.
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, the LEL is the concentration of flammable gas, vapour or mist in standard air, below which an explosive gas atmosphere will not be formed at 20°C and at 101.3 kPa absolute pressure.
Materials which do not support combustion
See Non-combustible materials.
NFPA
Refers to the National Fire Protection Association.
Non-combustible materials
Non-combustible materials shall be classified as combustible or non-combustible when tested to AS 1530 Part 1. Examples include metal cladding, fibre cement lining, brick cladding.
NZS
Refers to the New Zealand Standard.
Package
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Packaging) Regulations 2001, a package means the packaging and contents. See also Packaging, Large Packaging and Container.
Packaging
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Packaging) Regulations 2001, packaging means a container that is a receptacle and any other components or materials necessary for the receptacle to perform its containment function, and includes inner packaging once its outer packaging has been removed. See also Package, Large Packaging and Container.
Paint-mixing room
Refer to Chapter 1 of this code.
Parapet wall
A protective wall that extends above the building roof line.
Person in charge
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5) Controls Regulations 2001. In relation to a place, a hazardous substance location, or a place of work, a person in charge is a person who is: 1. The owner, lessee, sub-lessee, occupier, or person in possession of the place, location, or depot, or any part of it, or 2. Any other person who, at the relevant time, is in effective control or possession of the relevant part of the place, location, or depot.
Pooling substance
Means a hazardous substance that: 1. is a liquid, or 2. is likely to liquefy in a fire.
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Term
Definition
Quantity ratio
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, in determining whether the requirements for an approved handler a transit zone, a hazardous atmosphere zone, or a test certificate are activated, the relevant quantity has been exceeded if the quantity-ratio sum is greater than 1. Appendix E of this code provides detailed information on calculating quantity ratios.
Regular habitation
See Area of Regular Habitation.
Schedule 10
Refers to Schedule 10 of the Gazette Notice No. 35, Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004.
Secondary containment system
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Emergency Management) Regulations 2001, secondary containment system: 1. means a system or systems: a. in which pooling substances held in the place will be contained if they escape from the container or containers in which they are being held, and b. from which they can, subject to unavoidable wastage, be recovered, and 2. includes a system or systems that comply with a code of practice approved by the Authority under Section 78 of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996. Appendix G of this code provides detailed information on secondary containment.
Segregation distance
The minimum distance required between two or more substances that are incompatible with each other.
Separation distance
A separation distance is the minimum distance that must be maintained from the location of the hazardous substance to other activities such as the site boundaries and other site facilities, Refer to Appendix B of this code.
Storage cabinet
A cabinet that is designed and constructed to hold hazardous substances. They must be compliant with the requirements of clause 2.5 of this code of practice.
Test Certificate
A certificate issued by an EPA approved Test Certifier.
Transfer Notice
Refers to the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 (as amended).
Total pooling potential (TPP)
The aggregate quantity of all pooling substances held at a location.
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Term
Definition
Type 1 building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type 1 building means a building or room: 1. that is constructed in accordance with the following: a. the floor, walls, and ceiling/roof have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 60/60/60 FRR and the doors have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/60/60 FRR, and b. every door: i. opens towards the outside of the building or room, and ii. is self-closing, and c. every window in the building or room complies with NZS 4232.2:1998, and 2. no part of which is occupied as a dwelling, and 3. that has a secondary containment system with a capacity of at least 100% of the Total Pooling Potential (TPP). Chapter 4 of this code provides detailed information on Type 1 buildings.
Type 2 building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type 2 building means a building or room: 1. that is constructed in accordance with the following: a. the floor, walls, and ceiling/roof have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR and the doors have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/120/60 FRR, and b. every door: i. opens towards the outside of the building or room, and ii. is self-closing, and c. every window in the building or room complies with NZS 4232.2:1998, and 2. no part of which is occupied as a dwelling, and 3. that has a secondary containment system with a capacity of at least 100% of the Total Pooling Potential (TPP). Chapter 4 of this code provides detailed information on Type 2 buildings.
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Term
Definition
Type 3 building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type 3 building means a building or room: 1. that is constructed in accordance with the following: a. the floor, walls, and ceiling/roof have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR and the doors have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/240/60 FRR, and b. every door: i. opens towards the outside of the building or room, and, ii. is self-closing, and c. every window in the building or room complies with NZS 4232.2:1998, and 2. no part of which is occupied as a dwelling, and 3. that has a secondary containment system with a capacity of at least 100% of the Total Pooling Potential (TPP). Chapter 4 of this code provides detailed information on Type 3 buildings.
Type A building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type A building means a building: 1. that is: a. constructed to provide a platform on which one or more containers are located, and b. secured to prevent unauthorised access, and c. part of a secondary containment system, and 2. the following parts of which are made of non-combustible materials: a. the platform, and b. the shelter roof (if any). Chapter 2 of this code provides detailed information on Type A buildings.
Type B building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type B building means a framed building that: 1. has non-combustible cladding, and 2. is part of a secondary containment system. Chapter 4 of this code provides detailed information on Type B buildings.
Type C building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type C building means a building that: 1. has a Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR and which is made of structurally strong materials such as brick, block concrete and reinforced concrete, and 2. has a roof made of wood and iron or equivalent products, and 3. is part of a secondary containment system. Chapter 2 of this code provides detailed information on Type C buildings.
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Term
Definition
Type D building
As defined in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 as well as the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids, a Type D building means a building that: 1. has a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR and which is made of structurally strong materials such as brick, lock concrete and reinforced concrete, and 2. has a reinforced concrete roof with a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, and 3. is part of a secondary containment system. Chapter 2 of this code provides detailed information on Type D buildings.
Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)
As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, the UEL is the concentration of flammable gas, vapour or mist in standard air, above which an explosive gas atmosphere will not be formed.
UN Model Regulations
Refers to 14th revised edition of the Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Model Regulations published in July 2003 by the United Nations
Use
Means the actual use of a class 3.1 flammable liquid for manufacturing or industrial or commercial purposes, and includes: 1. Any circumstance where a container holding a hazardous substance is open. 2. The handling or exposing of the hazardous substance to the air for any purpose.
Wall in common
A wall that divides two spaces
Work-room
A work-room is a room or a building where flammable liquids are used, or are in one or more containers that are open. Refer to Chapter 4, subclause (4.2.1) of this code for more detail.
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2. Stores 2.1. Purpose of this chapter 2.1.1. Flammable substances in closed containers 1. This chapter describes the requirements where a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance is held in closed containers. 2. Stores are designated: a. as a detached building or an area in the open, or b. as a store within a room of the building, or c.
as a storage cabinet.
Buildings which store flammable substances, and which are constructed in accordance with a building type specified in clauses 2.2 or 2.3 of this code, are not permitted to also store flammable liquids in cabinets in addition to the maximum quantity of flammable liquids that are specified in those clauses 2.2 or 2.3.
2.1.2. Building configurations Buildings are constructed in a wide variety of configurations to suit site and operational constraints. Section 2.2 specifies the requirements for detached stores and section 2.3 specifies the requirements for stores inside buildings where the ceiling of the store is separate from the roof of the building.
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Figure 2.1: Examples of stores in a building. Doors are not shown.
2. No walls in common (Clause 2.2)
1.No walls in common (Clause 2.2)
HS
3. No walls in common (Clause 2.2)
HS
4. One wall in common (Clause 2.3)
HS
5. One wall in common (Clause 2.3)
HS
6. Two walls in common (Clause 2.3)
HS HS
7. Three walls in common (Clause 2.3)
8. Three walls in common (Clause 2.3)
HS
9. Four or more walls in common (Clause 2.3)
HS HS
Wall in Common. Rated according to building type. Store structure. Rated according to building type. Structural elements of the building. HS
Hazardous substance.
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2.2. Building types required for storage Building Types A, B, C, and D describe stand alone buildings that must be used for the storage of flammable liquids only, that is, they must not also contain other substances or articles.
2.2.1. General requirements for all building types that are a store 1. Ventilation should meet the requirements set out in Appendix K . 2. Precautions to prevent ignition must be provided in accordance with the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5) Controls Regulations. These include the provision of hazardous atmosphere zones in accordance with AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 3. The requirements for controlled zones and separation distances must be met, as specified in this chapter, Chapter 6 and Appendix B . 4. Precautions to prevent ignition must be provided in accordance with the Hazardous Substance (1 to 5 Controls) regulations 2001. Refer also to Appendix L. 5. Fire protection equipment must be provided in accordance with the Hazardous Substances (Emergency Management) Regulations 2001.. 6. Any door in a store must meet the requirements set out in Chapter 5 of this code. 7. The store does not have any windows. If a store has windows, it is outside the scope of this code 8. Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where flammable liquids are held. Appendix H provides further details on hazard sign requirements. 9. A secondary containment that is compliant with Appendix G . This system will allow for the possibility of a leak or spillage. The capacity of the secondary containment system is calculated in relation to the aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C hazardous substances held in the store and the capacity of the containers that the substances are held in.
2.2.2. Type A Building A Type A Building applies where class 3.1 hazardous substances are held at a discrete location. Type A buildings can be used if the store is detached and is separated from areas of HILU by the distances specified in Table 1. If the required separation distances are not able to be complied with, then a building of different construction must be used, for example a Type C or D building. A Type A Building is a store where class 3.1 hazardous substances are held outside at a discrete location that may or may not have a shelter roof. A Type A building must have a platform specifically designed for the expected loading or otherwise shown to be adequate for the loading, constructed from non-combustible materials. An example of a Type A building is the storage of drums of petrol in a concrete bund. The bund is performing the role of the platform. A further example is a concrete pad with a wire fence.
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A Type A building must be constructed to meet the general requirements specified in section 2.2.1. In addition to these general requirements a Type A building must comply with the following specification: 1. This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure 2.2. 2. A store that is a Type A building: a. may have a shelter roof, and b. as there are no walls, the store must be secured to prevent unauthorised persons gaining access, and c.
the store must be located so that there is a separation distance from areas of HILU. The separation distance is calculated in relation to the aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C hazardous substances held in the store and the capacity of the containers that the substances are held in. Refer to Figure 2.2 and Table 1 for separation distance details, and
d. the store must have a secondary containment system compliant with Appendix G . Table 1: Separation distance requirements for a Type A building storing class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances
Aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C substances 3.1A or 3.1B in containers ≤ 60 litres, or 3.1C in any size container
3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C containers of > 60 litres
in
Required separation distance in metres (d) from an area of HILU, or from the boundary of a controlled zone that abuts an area of HILU
250 L
-
0
500 L
-
1
750 L
-
2
2,000 L
250 L
3
-
1,000 L
6
10,000 L
-
10
25,000 L
10,000 L
15
40,000 L
-
17
60,000 L or more
20,000 L
20
-
40,000 L
27
-
60,000 L or more
30
1. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) is the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be. Refer to Appendix B for measurement. 2. No separation distance is required from LILU.
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ROOF non-combustible materials
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
Figure 2.2: Type A buildings
STORE
PLATFORM non-combustible materials
ELEVATION HILU
d
EAVES LINE
STORE
d
d
HILU
EDGE OF PLATFORM
d
PLAN
Store structure. Other building elements. Secondary containment system. Controlled zone. d
HILU
Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held in the store (Refer to Table 1). Area of high intensity land use.
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2.2.3. Type B Building Type B buildings can be used if the store is detached and is separated from areas of HILU by the distances specified in Table 2. If the required separation distances are not met then a building of better construction must be used, for example a Type C or D building. A Type B building is a store that is constructed of non-combustible materials. A Type B building must be constructed to meet the general requirements specified in section 2.2.1. In addition to these general requirements a Type B building must comply with the following specifications: 1. This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure 2.3. 2. A store that is a Type B building – a. may be constructed from a wooden or steel frame; and, b. must have non-combustible cladding, such as steel or equivalent materials, and may have a roof supported on timber purlins; and, c.
must be located so that there is a separation distance from areas of HILU as specified in Table 2. Typical examples of Type B stores are freight containers and concrete structures with walls 60 litres
1,000 L
-
0
2,000 L
500 L
2
2,000 L
3
10,000 L
in
5
100,000 L
10,000 L
10
400,000 L or more
25,000 L
15
-
40,000 L
17
-
60,000 L
20
-
200,000 L or more
25
1. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) is the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be. Refer to Appendix B for measurement. 2. No separation distance required for LILU
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ROOF / CEILING non-combustible cladding
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
Figure 2.4: Separation distance and Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) requirements for Type C buildings.
STORE WALL 120/120/120
WALL FRR 120/120/120 FLOOR FRR 120/120/120
ELEVATION HILU
d
EAVES LINE
DOOR FRR -/120/60
d
d
HILU
STORE
FIXED CANOPY ROOF LINE
d
PLAN
Store structure. Other building elements. Secondary containment system. Controlled zone (measured from the exterior wall line of the building, and outer edge of any fixed canopies). Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held in the store.
d
120/120/120 HILU
Required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) for a Type C building (Refer to Table 3). Area of high intensity land use.
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2.2.5. Type D Building Type D buildings can be used if the store is detached and separated from an area of HILU by the distances specified in Table 4. . A Type D building must be constructed to meet the general requirements specified in section 2.2.1. In addition to these general requirements a Type D building must comply with the following specifications. 1. This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure of this code. 2. A store that is a type D building: a. must have a floor and walls designed for the loading, including the impact of projectiles, or otherwise shown to be adequate for that loading, such as being constructed from structurally strong materials such as brick, block concrete or reinforced concrete, and b. must have a roof constructed from structurally strong materials, such as brick, block concrete and reinforced concrete, and c. the door must i.
have a Fire-Resistance Rating of -/240/60 FRR, and
ii.
enable escape for persons in the store, and
iii.
be compliant with section 5, and
d. must have walls, roofs with a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, and e. Should have floors with fire resistance rating of 240/240/240 FRR, and f. must be located so that there is a separation distance from areas of HILU as specified in g. . The separation distance is calculated in relation to the aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C hazardous substances held in the store and the capacity of the containers that the substances are held in. Refer to Figure 2.5 and Table 4 for separation distance details, and h. The store must have a secondary containment system compliant with Appendix G
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Table 4: Separation distance requirements for a Type D building storing class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substances.
Aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C substances
Required separation distance in metres (d or from the boundary of a controlled) of store from an area of HILU, zone that abuts an area of HILU
3.1A or 3.1B in containers ≤ 60 litres, or 3.1C in any size container
3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C containers of > 60 litres
20,000 L
10,000 L
0
50,000 L
17,500 L
3
100,000 L
20,000 L
4
200,000 L
60,000 L
5
400,000 L or more
100,000 L
6
-
200,000 L
8
-
400,000 L
10
in
1. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) is the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be. Refer to Appendix B for measurement. 2. No separation distance required for LILU.
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ROOF / CEILING FRR 240/240/240
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
Figure 2.5: Separation distance and Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) requirements for Type D buildings.
STORE WALL FRR 240/240/240
WALL FRR 240/240/240 FLOOR FRR 240/240/240
ELEVATION HILU
d
EAVES LINE
d
DOOR FRR -/240/60
d
HILU
STORE
FIXED CANOPY ROOF LINE
d
PLAN
Store structure. Other building elements. Secondary containment system. Controlled zone (measured from the exterior wall line of the building, and outer edge of any fixed canopies). Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held in the store.
d
240/240/240 HILU
Required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) for a Type C building (Refer to Table 4). Area of high intensity land use.
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2.2.6. Buildings acting as a store with walls of different construction Where a store is a stand-alone building with walls of a different construction, existing wing walls or return walls may provide an equivalent solution to meet the requirements of this code. These solutions must only be applied to stores that were constructed prior to 2006. Figure 2.6 describes an example where wing walls are constructed to meet the requirements for store construction. Figure 2.7 describes an example where return walls are constructed to meet the requirements for store construction. These examples have been based on the following: 1. The store has walls of different construction, including: a. walls that are constructed from non-combustible materials, for example, are non fire-rated, that meet the requirements of a Type B building construction, and b. walls that have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR, that meet the requirements of a Type C building construction, and c. walls that have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, that meet the requirements of a Type D building construction. 2. The store is intended to be used to hold an aggregate quantity of 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance, in containers with a capacity greater than 60 litres. 3. To meet the requirements of this code, the separation distances from areas of HILU must be a minimum of the distances set out in Table 5. Table 5: Required separation distances for a store holding an aggregate quantity of 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in containers with a capacity greater than 60 litres, from areas of HILU.
Building wall construction type
Required FRR
Required separation distance1
Type A wall
not applicable
15 m
Type B wall
non-combustible materials
15 m
Type C wall
120/120/120
10 m
Type D wall
240/240/240
0m
1. As the store in this example could contain up to 10,000 L of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substance, the separation distance must relate to the requirements for the worst case.
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Figure 2.6: Wing Walls constructed to upgrade a building intended to store up to 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in containers greater than 60 litres.
a. Store does not meet the required separation distances. AREA OF HILU
EXISTING BUILDING INTENDED TO BE USED TO STORE 10,000 L OF 3.1A OR 3.1B OR 3.1C
AREA OF HILU
120/120/120
240/240/240
240/240/240
0m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM A TYPE D WALL
0m INSUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE C WALL
AREA OF HILU
Non fire-rated wall
10m INSUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
AREA THAT CAN BE CONTROLLED AREA OF HILU
b. Store upgraded with wing walls to meet the required separation distances. AREA OF HILU 240/240/240
120/120/120
EXISTING BUILDING USED TO STORE 10,000 L OF 3.1A OR 3.1B OR 3.1C
10m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION CREATED BY TYPE D WING WALL
AREA OF HILU
Non fire-rated wall
120/120/120
AREA OF HILU
240/240/240
240/240/240
0m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE D WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION CREATED BY TYPE C WING WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
AREA THAT CAN BE CONTROLLED AREA OF HILU
Wall constructed to have a Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) of 240/240/240. Wall constructed to have a Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) of 120/120/120. Wall constructed with non-combustible materials. Boundary line between the controlled zone and area of HILU.
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Figure 2.7 : Return Walls constructed to upgrade a building intended to store up to 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in containers greater than 60 litres.
a. Store does not meet the required separation distances. AREA OF HILU
AREA OF HILU
EXISTING BUILDING INTENDED TO BE USED TO STORE 10,000 L OF 3.1A OR 3.1B OR 3.1C
120/120/120
240/240/240
240/240/240
0m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE D WALL
0m INSUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE C WALL
Non fire-rated wall 10m INSUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
AREA OF HILU
AREA THAT CAN BE CONTROLLED AREA OF HILU
b. Store upgraded with return walls to meet the required separation distances.
EXISTING BUILDING USED TO STORE 10,000 L OF 3.1A OR 3.1B OR 3.1C
120/120/120
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION CREATED BY TYPE C RETURN WALL
Non fire-rated wall
15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
10m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION CREATED BY TYPE D RETURN WALL
120/120/120
AREA OF HILU
240/240/240
240/240/240
0m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE D WALL
240/240/240
AREA OF HILU
AREA OF HILU 15m SUFFICIENT SEPARATION FROM TYPE B WALL
AREA THAT CAN BE CONTROLLED AREA OF HILU
Wall constructed to have a Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) of 240/240/240. Wall constructed to have a Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) of 120/120/120. Wall constructed with non-combustible materials. Boundary line between the controlled zone and area of HILU.
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2.3. Storage of flammable liquids in a store in a building Stores in a building generally occur where a building has a flammable liquids store, inside a room that may be used to store general goods used for work and construction activities, or for retail. The store is a separate structure with its own ceiling 2 within the room of the building. However, one or more of the exterior walls of the building may form both the exterior wall of the building and the exterior wall of the store. Class 3 flammable liquids in quantities greater than those specified under Section 2.5 Storage Cabinets must be stored in a manner as set out in this section where they are located within a building.
2.3.1. General requirements 1. Ventilation should be provided in any store in a building, and meet the requirements set out in Appendix K of this code. 2. The requirements for a hazardous atmosphere zone must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 3. The requirements for controlled zones and separation distances must be met, as specified in Appendix B of this code. 4. Any door in a store must meet the requirements set out in Chapter 5 of this code and must enable the egress of personnel. 5. Precautions to prevent ignition must be taken in accordance with Appendix L and fire protection equipment must be employed to meet the requirements of Appendix M of this code. 6. Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where flammable liquids are held. Appendix H of this code provides further details on hazard sign requirements. 7. Apart from storage in cabinets, (clause 2.5), requirements for stores in a building above ground level are excluded from this code. Appendix I of this code provides further details on ground-level locations that are deemed acceptable. 8. More than one store is allowed. However, where stores open into a building, the aggregate quantity of substances must not exceed the amount specified. 9. The store must have a secondary containment system compliant with Appendix J .
2.3.2. Storage of up to 450 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure 2.8 of this code.
2
The ceiling is independent of the ceiling/roof of the principal building.
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1. A store in a building holding up to 450 litres of flammable liquids must meet the following criteria: a. Each container of a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance held in the store must have a capacity of 20 litres or less. b. All of the walls in the store must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 60/60/60 FRR. c. The store’s roof/ceiling must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 60/60/60 FRR and be separate from the roof/ceiling of the building it is within, and d. the floor should have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 60/60/60 FRR, and e. The door must comply with Chapter 5 of this code, and f. There must not be any openings from the store into the rest of the building, other than a door, and g. The door to the store may open to the interior of the building if the store’s door: i.
opens towards the outside of the store, and,
ii.
has a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/60/60 FRR, and,
iii.
3 is fitted to be self-closing in the event of a fire near the doorway, and
iv.
is kept closed when the store is not in use, and
v.
there are no combustibles within 3 metres of the doorway, and
vi.
no portion of the structure within 3 metres of the doorway is constructed of non combustible materials.
h. The secondary containment system must be able to retain the spilt substance under all reasonably foreseeable circumstances and must conform to Appendix G .
2.3.2.1. Attached store A store which is attached to a building and which opens into the building, must be compliant with this clause 2.3.2 except the requirement in sub clause 2.c. for the roof/ceiling to be separate from the roof/ceiling of the building it is within is not applicable.
3
A fusible link or counter-weight should satisfy this requirement.
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Figure 2.8: Requirements for a store in a building holding up to 450 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substance.
Two walls in common FRR 60/60/60 FRR 60/60/60
Ceiling/roof and floor FRR 60/60/60
door FRR -/60/60 3m
FRR 60/60/60
HS STORE
HILU
FRR 60/60/60
Four walls in common
Other building structure - column
HS STORE Ceiling/roof and floor FRR 60/60/60 FRR 60/60/60
FRR 60/60/60
FRR 60/60/60
FRR 60/60/60
3m
HILU door FRR -/60/60
Other building structure - wall
Maximum capacity of each container in the HS store – 20 L Store structure. Other structural elements of the building. Area free from combustible materials. Structural elements of the building constructed of non-combustible materials. HS
Hazardous substance.
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2.3.3. Storage of up to 2,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building Option A This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure 2.9 of this code. 1. A store in a building holding up to 2,000 litres of flammable liquids must meet the following criteria: a. Each container of a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance held in the store must have a capacity of 60 litres or less, provided that one container of a maximum capacity of 250 litres may be held in the store, and b. All of the store’s walls must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR, and c. The store’s ceiling must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR and be separate from the roof/ceiling of the building it is within, and d. the floor should have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR, and e. The door must comply with Chapter 5 of this code, and f. There must not be any openings from the store into the rest of the building, other than a door, and g. The door to the store may open to the interior of the building if the store’s door: i.
opens towards the outside of the store, and
ii.
has a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/120/60 FRR, and
iii.
4 is be fitted to be self-closing in the event of a fire near the doorway, and
iv.
is be kept closed when the store is not in use, and
v.
is kept closed except when goods are placed in, or removed from, the store, and
vi.
there are no combustibles within 3 metres of the doorway, and
vii.
no portion of the structure within 3 metres of the doorway is constructed of combustible materials.
h. The secondary containment system must be able to retain the spilt substance under all reasonably foreseeable circumstances and must conform to Appendix G .
Option B A store in a building holding up to 2,000 litres of flammable liquids must meet the following criteria: a. The store must be compliant with a Type D building, and, b. The store’s ceiling must be separate from the roof ceiling of the building it is within, and c. The door must comply with Chapter 5 of this code, and d. There must not be any openings from the store into the rest of the building, other than a door, and e. The door to the store may open to the interior of the building if the store’s door:
4
i.
opens towards the outside of the store, and
ii.
has a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/120/60 FRR, and
A fusible link or counter-weight should satisfy this requirement.
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iii.
is fitted to be self-closing4 in the event of a fire near the doorway, and
iv.
is kept closed when the store is not in use, and
v.
is kept closed except when goods are placed in, or removed from, the store, and
vi.
there are no combustibles within 3 metres of the doorway, and
vii.
no portion of the structure within 3 metres of the doorway is constructed of combustible materials.
f. The secondary containment system must be able to retain the spilt substance under all reasonably foreseeable circumstances and must conform to Appendix G . g. the floor should have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR.
2.3.3.1. Attached store A store which is attached to a building and which opens into the building, must be compliant with this clause 2.3.3 except that requirement 2.c. for the roof/ceiling to be separate from the roof/ceiling of the building it is within is not applicable.
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Figure 2.9: Requirements for a store in a building holding up to 2,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substance.
Two walls in common
Other building structure - wall
Ceiling/roof and floor FRR 120/120/120
FRR 120/120/120
HS STORE
door FRR -/120/60
3m
FRR 120/120/120
FRR 120/120/120
HILU
FRR 120/120/120
Four walls in common
Other building structure - column
HS STORE Ceiling/roof and floor FRR 120/120/120
FRR 120/120/120
FRR 120/120/120
FRR 120/120/120
FRR 120/120/120
3m
HILU
door FRR -/120/60
Other building structure - wall
Maximum capacity of each container in the HS store – 60 L (one container only may hold a maximum capacity of 250 L) Store structure. Other structural elements of the building. Area free from combustible materials. Structural elements of the building constructed of non-combustible materials. HS
Hazardous substance.
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2.3.4. Storage of up to 5,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure 2.10 of this code. 1. A store in a building holding flammable liquids, of which class 3.1A and 3.1B hazardous substances constitute a maximum of 5,000 litres in aggregate of any package size, must meet the following criteria: i. The hazardous substances must be stored in packages, and j. The store’s ceiling must be separate from the roof/ceiling of the bunding it is within, and, k. The store must be constructed to meet the requirements of a Type D building, and l. There must not be any openings from the store into the rest of the building, other than a door, and m. The store’s door: i.
must be self-closing* in the event of a fire; and,
ii.
must be kept closed when the store is not in use, and
iii.
must not have any combustible materials located within a three metre zone from the doorway opening, and
iv.
must not open from the store into the rest of the building, unless that building meets the requirements of a Type 1, 2 or 3 building, as defined in Chapter 1 of this code, and
n. The secondary containment system must be able to retain the spilt substance under all reasonably foreseeable circumstances, and: i.
the floor should have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, and
ii.
the secondary containment system must conform to Appendix G .
* A fusible link or counter-weight should satisfy this requirement.
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Figure 2.10: Requirements for a store in a building holding up to 5,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substance. DOOR OPENING INTO THE BUILDING
DOOR OPENING TO THE OUTSIDE
a. 1 wall in common
d. 1 wall in common
TYPE D HS AQ 3.1A & 3.1B ≤ 5,000 L
TYPE D HS 3m
BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES 1 | 2 | 3
AQ 3.1A & 3.1B ≤ 5,000 L 3m
CC ANY
CC ANY
b. 2 walls in common
TYPE D HS AQ 3.1A & 3.1B ≤ 5,000 L
e. 2 walls in common
TYPE D HS
BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES 3m
AQ 3.1A & 3.1B ≤ 5,000 L
1 | 2 | 3 3m
CC ANY
CC ANY
c. More than 2 walls in common
f. More than 2 walls in common
TYPE D HS AQ 3.1A & 3.1B ≤ 5,000 L
3m
TYPE D HS
BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES 1 | 2 | 3
AQ 3.1A & 3.1B ≤ 5,000 L 3m
CC ANY
Wall in Common with FRR 240/240/240.
CC ANY
SCHEDULE 10 REFERENCES1
Store.
a. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
Other structure of the building.
b. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
Area free from combustible materials.
c. Clauses 12A(1)(c) & (3)(1), and 25A(1)(c) & (3)(a).
AQ
Aggregate quantity permitted.
d. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
HS
Hazardous substance store.
e. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
CC
Container capacity permitted.
f. Clauses 12A(1)(c) & (3)(1), and 25A(1)(c) & (3)(a).
1.
References to Schedule 10 refers to the requirements in Hazardous Substances (Dangerous goods and toxic substances) Transfer Notice 2004. The equivalent clauses in the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids are clauses 25 and 36.
2.
Class 3.1C flammable liquids in storage are not limited to 5000L
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2.3.5. Storage of up to 10,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a room in a building 1. This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure of this code. 2. A store in a building holding up to 10,000 litres of flammable liquids must meet the following criteria: a. Each container of a class 3.1A or 3.1B hazardous substance held in the store must have a capacity of 60 litres or less, and b. Each container of a class 3.1C hazardous substance held in the store must have a capacity of 250 litres or less, and c. The store must be constructed to meet the requirements of a Type D building, and d. The store’s ceiling must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 60/60/60 FRR and is separate from the roof/ceiling of the bunding it is within, and e. There must not be any openings from the store into the rest of the building, other than a door, and f. The store’s door: i.
must be self-closing* in the event of a fire, and
ii.
must be kept closed when the store is not in use, and
iii.
must not have any combustible materials located within a 3 metre zone from the doorway opening, and
iv.
must not open from the store into the rest of the building, unless that building meets the requirements of a type 1, 2 or 3 building, as defined in Chapter 1 of this code, and
v.
must not open from the store into the rest of the building if the aggregate quantity of class 3.1 hazardous substances held in the store exceeds 10,000 litres.
g. Any part of the building’s structure located within a 3 metre zone from the doorway opening must be constructed of non-combustible materials, and h. The secondary containment system must be able to retain the spilled substance under all reasonably foreseeable circumstances, and: i.
the floor should have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, and
ii.
the secondary containment system must conform to Appendix G .
*A fusible link or counter-weight should satisfy this requirement
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Figure 2.11: Requirements for a store in a building holding up to 10,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substance. DOOR OPENING INTO THE BUILDING
DOOR OPENING TO THE OUTSIDE
a. 1 wall in common
d. 1 wall in common
TYPE D HS AQ ≤ 10,000 L
TYPE D HS 3m
CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ 250 L
BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES 1 | 2 | 3
AQ ≤ 10,000 L 3m
b. 2 walls in common
TYPE D HS AQ ≤ 10,000 L
3m
CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ 250 L
e. 2 walls in common
TYPE D HS
BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES
AQ ≤ 10,000 L
1 | 2 | 3 CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ 250 L
3m
c. More than 2 walls in common
f. More than 2 walls in common
TYPE D HS AQ ≤ 10,000 L CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ 250 L
TYPE D HS 3m
BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES 1 | 2 | 3
Wall in Common with FRR 240/240/240.
1.
CC 3.1A ≤ Any 3.1B ≤ Any 3.1C ≤ 250 L
AQ ≤ 10,000 L 3m
CC 3.1A ≤ Any 3.1B ≤ Any 3.1C ≤ 250 L
SCHEDULE 10 REFERENCES1
Store.
a. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
Other structure of the building.
b. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
Area free from combustible materials.
c. Clauses 12A(1)(c) & (3)(2), and 25A(1)(c) & (3)(b).
AQ
Aggregate quantity permitted.
d. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
HS
Hazardous substance store.
e. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c).
CC
Container capacity permitted.
f. Clauses 12A(1)(c) & (3)(2), and 25A(1)(c) & (3)(b).
References to Schedule 10 refers to the requirements in Hazardous Substances (Dangerous goods and toxic substances) Transfer Notice 2004. The equivalent clauses in the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids are clauses 25 and 36.
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2.3.6. Storage of up to 20,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store in a building 1. This clause must be read in conjunction with Figure 2.12 of this code. 2. A store in a building holding up to 20,000 litres of flammable liquids must meet the following criteria: a. Each container holding class 3.1A or 3.1B hazardous substances held in the store must have a capacity of 60 litres or less, and b. The store must be constructed to meet the requirements of a Type D building, and c. The store must not have more than two walls in common with the rest of the building, and d. There must not be any openings from the store into the rest of the building, other than a door, and e. The store’s door: i.
must be self-closing 5 in the event of a fire, and
ii.
must be kept closed when the store is not in use, and
iii.
must not have any combustible materials located within a 3 metre zone from the doorway opening, and
iv.
must not open from the store into the rest of the building, unless that building meets the requirements of a type 1, 2 or 3 building, as defined in Chapter 1 of this code, and
v.
must not open from the store into the rest of the building if the aggregate quantity of class 3.1 hazardous substances held in the store exceeds 20,000 litres.
f. Any part of the building’s structure located within a 3 metre zone from the doorway opening must be constructed of non-combustible materials, and g. The secondary containment system must be able to retain the spilled substance under all reasonably foreseeable circumstances, and:
5
i.
the floor should have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, and
ii.
the secondary containment system must conform to Appendix G .
A fusible link or counter-weight should satisfy this requirement.
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Figure 2.12: Examples of a store in buildings holding up to 20,000 litres of class 3.1 hazardous substances.
a. 1 wall in common
b. 1 wall in common
TYPE D HS
TYPE D HS BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES
AQ ≤ 20,000 L CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ 250 L
3m
1 | 2 | 3
c. 2 walls in common
AQ ≤ 20,000 L 3m
CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ Any
d. 2 walls in common BLDG TYPE LIMITED TO TYPES
3m
TYPE D HS
TYPE D HS
AQ ≤ 20,000 L
AQ ≤ 20,000 L
CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ Any
CC 3.1A ≤ 60 L 3.1B ≤ 60 L 3.1C ≤ Any
Wall in Common with FRR 240/240/240.
3m
SCHEDULE 10 REFERENCES1
Store.
a. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c), and Table 30(5).
Other structure of the building.
b. Clauses 12A(1)(c) and 25A(1)(c), and Table 30(5). c. Clauses 12A(1)(c) & (3)(2), and 25A(1)(c) & (3)(b),
Area free from combustible materials.
1.
1 | 2 | 3
AQ
Aggregate quantity permitted.
HS
Hazardous substance store.
CC
Container capacity permitted.
and Table 30(5).
References to Schedule 10 refer to the requirements in Hazardous Substances (Dangerous goods and toxic substances) Transfer Notice 2004. The equivalent clauses in the Site and Storage Conditions for class 3.1 Flammable Liquids are clauses 25 and 36.
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2.3.7. Attached store with walls of a different construction Some stores that were constructed prior to 2006 may have been constructed with walls that are not all of the same FRR, for example, the walls are of different construction. In some cases, wing walls, or return walls may have been utilised. These forms of construction are accepted for stores provided that they were constructed prior to 31 December 2006. Figure 2.13 describes a situation where wing walls are constructed to meet the requirements for store construction. Figure 2.14 describes a situation where return walls are constructed to meet the requirements for store construction. These situations have been based on the following assumptions: 1. The building that the store is a part of has walls of different construction, including: a. walls that are constructed from non-combustible materials, that meet the requirements of a Type B building construction, or b. walls that have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR, that meet the requirements of a Type C building construction, or c. walls that have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, that meet the requirements of a Type D building construction. 2. The store roof must have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, or must be upgraded with parapet walls, refer to Section 2.4.8 of this code . 3. The store is intended to be used to hold an aggregate quantity of 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance, in containers which may have a capacity greater than 60 litres. 4. To meet the requirements of this code, the separation distances from areas of HILU must be a minimum of the distances set out in Table 6. Table 6: Required separation distances for a 10,000 litre store holding class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in containers with a capacity greater than 60 litres, from areas of HILU.
Building wall construction type
Required FRR
Required separation distance
Type A wall
not applicable
15 m
Type B wall
non-combustible materials
15 m
Type C wall
120/120/120
10 m
Type D wall
240/240/240
0m
1. As the store in this example could contain up to 10,000 L of any class 3.1 hazardous substance, the separation distance must relate to the requirements for the worst case.
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Figure 2.13: Wing Walls constructed to upgrade a room in a building intended to store up to 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in containers.
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Figure 2.14 : Return Walls constructed to upgrade a room in a building intended to store up to 10,000 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in containers greater than 60 litres.
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2.3.8. Stores in a room with a ceiling or roof that does not achieve the fire resistance rating – use of parapet walls Where a store is a room inside a building and has a ceiling or roof construction that does not achieve the required Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR), then parapet walls may be an equivalent solution to meet the requirements of this code. These solutions must only be applied to stores that were constructed prior to 2006 and where the owner of the store also owns the rest of the building. The requirements of the Building Act must also be met. Figure describes examples where parapet walls are constructed to meet the requirements for store construction. Figure 2.15: Use of Parapet walls as part of an equivalent solution to store construction.
A. Where a parapet wall is not required
B. Where a parapet wall is required Roof/ceiling does NOT comply with required FRR
Roof/ceiling complies with required FRR ≥ 0.5m
≥ 0.5m
STORE
STORE
Walls and floor comply with required FRR
Walls and floor comply with required FRR
Roof/ceiling complies with required FRR
Roof/ceiling does NOT comply with required FRR ≥ 0.5m
STORE
Walls and floor comply with required FRR
STORE
Walls and floor comply with required FRR
Structure that meets the required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR). Structure that does not meet the required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR). Parapet wall.
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Parapet walls must be constructed to meet the following criteria: a. Where the ceiling or roof of a store does not comply with the required Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR), the store must be separated from every adjoining or adjacent room or building by parapet walls, and b. the parapet walls must extend to a minimum of 0.5 metres above the building line, and c. the parapet walls must have the same Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) as the rest of the wall.
2.4. A store containing packages that are opened occasionally Where there is an intention to decant, sample or test flammable liquids in a store, additional precautions must be taken. Where these additional precautions cannot be met, that store must meet the requirements for a work-room. 1. A store where containers are opened occasionally must meet the following criteria – a. Ventilation should meet the requirements set out in Appendix K . b. The requirements for a hazardous atmosphere zone must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. c. The requirements for controlled zones and separation distances as required for closed packages must be met, as specified in this chapter and Appendix B . d. Signs must meet the requirements set out in Appendix H . e. A class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance must not be delivered from a container by any method involving the use of air or any gas under pressure. f. A class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance may be delivered from a container by means of a hand-pump. g. A drum or other container may be opened for the purpose of fixing a liquid-tight and vapour-tight connection through which a class 3.1 hazardous substance may be pumped to a position outside the store. h. A class 3.1 hazardous substance that is delivered from a container in a store by gravity flow through a tap, valve siphon or other device permitting the gravity flow of liquid must: i.
be delivered from a container with a capacity of less than 25 litres, and
ii.
be fitted with self-closing taps or valves.
2. Activities such as mixing, blending, degreasing, tinting, package filling or co-storage of hazardous substances with other goods must not be carried out within the store.
2.5. Storage cabinets The use of storage cabinets is permitted when the aggregate quantity of class 3.1 hazardous substances is limited. The aggregate quantity permitted to be held in a storage cabinet is calculated in relation to the cabinet construction and the situation in which the cabinet is located.
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2.5.1. Storage cabinet construction Cabinets are required to comply with the construction requirements of clause 4.9.2 of AS 1940:2004. These requirements comprise: 1. The walls, floor, roof and door must be of double-walled sheet steel construction, with a space of at least 40mm between the steel sheets. This space may either be an air-space or filled with non-combustible insulation. 2. Any gaps around the doors and into the space between the steel sheets of the walls must be sealed as far as is practicable to prevent the spread of flame or heat radiation. 3. The inner base of the cabinet must form a liquid-tight secondary-containment system at least 150mm deep, and must be designed to prevent the secondary containment system from being used as a storage space. 4. Any shelves must be perforated to permit free air movement, and must be capable of carrying the maximum possible load. 5. All leakage must be directed into the secondary containment system. 6. The materials of any components that are critical to the cabinet’s structural integrity must not melt at temperatures less than 850°C. Seals or gaskets are accepted, but their use should be avoided if their failure could affect the protective function of the cabinet. 7. All cabinet doors a. must be self-closing; and, b. must be close-fitting; and, c. must be held shut automatically by catches at two or more points. 8. Where cabinet doors are equipped with a device to hold them open when necessary, they must be released automatically when the temperature exceeds a nominal 80°C. 9. Storage cabinets in use prior to 1 April, 2004 that meet the requirements of previous versions of AS 1940:2004 are acceptable. Storage cabinets previously type approved by the Department of Labour under the Dangerous Goods (Class 3 – Flammable Liquids) Regulations 1985 are acceptable. A cabinet compliant with clause 6.3.3(1) and 6.3.3(2) of NFPA 30:2003 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, is permitted as an equivalent solution. These clauses read as follows: 1. Storage cabinets that are designed and constructed to limit the internal temperature at the centre of the cabinet and 25 mm (1 in.) from the top of the cabinet to not more than 163°C (325°F), when subjected to a 10-minute fire test that simulates the fire exposure of the standard time-temperature curve specified in NFPA 251, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials, shall be acceptable. All joints and seams shall remain tight and the door shall remain securely closed during the test. 2. Metal storage cabinets that are constructed in the following manner shall be acceptable: a. The bottom, top, door, and sides of the cabinet shall be at least No. 18 gauge sheet steel and
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shall be double-walled, with 38 mm (1.5 in.) air space. b. Joints shall be riveted, welded, or made tight by some equally effective means. c.
The door shall be provided with a three-point latch arrangement, and the door sill shall be raised at least 50 mm (2 in.) above the bottom of the cabinet to retain spilled liquid within the cabinet.
2.5.2.General requirements for storage cabinets Storage cabinets holding class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C flammable liquids in a building must meet the following criteria: 1. The storage cabinet must be constructed in accordance with this code. 2. The capacity of each container in the storage cabinet must be 20 litres or less. 3. The aggregate quantity of class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance in each storage cabinet must be 250 litres or less. 4. The containers must be able to be placed in the cabinet and removed from the cabinet without persons entering the cabinet. 5. Only closed containers, or those fitted with a closed tap must be stored in the cabinet. 6. Hazard signs must be conspicuously located on any flammable liquids storage cabinet. Appendix H of this code provides further details on hazard sign requirements. 7. Precautions to prevent ignition must be taken and fire protection equipment must be employed to meet the requirements of Chapter 6 of this code. 8. Figure 2.16 provides an example of the construction and location of a storage cabinet.
2.5.3. Hazardous atmosphere zones for storage cabinets 1. A hazardous atmosphere zone must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 2. Figure 2.16 describes an example of a hazardous atmosphere zone about a storage cabinet. For guidance, in areas where storage cabinets are located, precautions must be taken to prevent ignition by eliminating or controlling sources of ignition: 1. There must not be any ignition sources within the storage cabinet. 2. Ignition sources and combustible materials must be excluded from a. the area outside the storage cabinet to a distance of three metres, measured laterally; and, b. from floor level to a height of 1 m above any opening into the cabinet, including the door..
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2.5.4. Storage cabinet location 1. There must not be more than three storage cabinets on a building’s ground floor level. Where splitlevels and / or open mezzanines exist, they must be regarded as part of the ground level. 2. There shall be a minimum of three metres separation distance between storage cabinets where there are two or more storage cabinets on the same floor level. 3. Where the premises are used for industrial or commercial use there must not be more than one storage cabinet on each floor above the ground floor. 4. Cabinets must be located so that they do not impede escape in an emergency. 5. Where a storage cabinet is used for outdoor storage, provision must be made to prevent corrosion and traffic damage. 6. Buildings which store flammable substances, and which are constructed in accordance with a building type specified in clauses 2.3 or 2.4 of this code, are not permitted to also store flammable liquids in cabinets in addition to the maximum quantity of flammable liquids that are specified in those clauses 2.3 or 2.4.
2.5.5. Ventilation of storage cabinets Ventilation for storage cabinets is not required by this code for fire protection purposes. However, Where ventilation is installed, it shall be designed so that: 1. vapours are prevented from escaping into any room. 2. any ventilation exhaust shall be to the outside atmosphere and in a location which allows the safe dispersal of vapours and is away from any ignition sources Appendix K of this code provides further details on ventilation requirements.
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Figure 2.16: Example of a storage cabinet for holding class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substances.
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3. Retail Sale 1. A store that contains class 3.1 hazardous substances available for retail sale (for example alkyd paints), and to which the public have access, may have no requirement for a separation distance, provided that the store meets the following criteria: a. Each container holding a class 3.1A or class 3.1B or class 3.1C hazardous substance must have a capacity of 10 litres or less. b. Each container must be closed. a. The quantities of each class of 3.1A or class 3.1B or class 3.1C hazardous substances must be limited to the quantities described in Table 7. You may store substances in each of these hazard class/container size combinations provided the maximum quantities for each hazard class/container size is not exceeded. The requirements for a hazardous atmosphere zone must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 2. Hazard signs must be erected where hazardous substances are available for retail sale. Hazard signs must meet the requirements set out in Appendix H of this code. 3. Storage in quantities above the maximums for any combination of hazard class/container size or when the quantity ratio exceeds 1 is outside the scope of this code. Table 7 : Maximum quantities of class 3.1 hazardous substances permitted at a location for retail sale.
Hazard classification (class)
Maximum aggregate quantity (litres)
3.1A
20 L 100 L in containers > 5 L
3.1B
250 L in containers ≤ 5 L 500 L in containers > 5 L
3.1C
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4. Work-Rooms 4.1. Purpose of this chapter 1. This chapter sets out the criteria to be met where a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C flammable liquid is – a. is in use, or, b. held in one or more containers, one or more of which is open. 2. Buildings relevant to this chapter include building Types 1, 2 and 3, and paint-mixing rooms that are compliant with AS/NZS 4114.1 and AS/NZS 4114.2.
4.2. Definitions applicable to this chapter 4.2.1. Work-Room The term work-room has been introduced to differentiate a place where hazardous substances are used, from a place where hazardous substances are stored only. A work-room is a room or a building where flammable liquids are used, or are in one or more containers that are open. Examples of work-room activities include – 1. Contract packing operations where hazardous substances are mixed or blended, and then filled into containers. 2. Decanting 3. Paint mixing and surface coating 4. Fibreglassing Work-rooms may also hold class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C in closed containers for daily work purposes only. The total quantity held must include the open and closed containers. Work-rooms may be constructed: 1.
as a room in the building i.e. the walls are common with the structure of the principal building and the ceiling/roof of the work-room is on the same plane as the ceiling/roof of the principal building, or
2. Inside a room of the building i.e. the walls and ceiling of the paint mixing room are independent of the walls and roof of the principal building.
4.2.2. Use Means the use of a class 3.1 flammable liquid for manufacturing or industrial or commercial purposes, and includes: 1. Any circumstance where a container holding a hazardous substance is open. 2. The handling or exposing of the hazardous substance to the air for any purpose.
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4.2.3. Paint-Mixing Room A paint-mixing room is a work room associated with a spray-painting booth and used primarily for the purpose of preparation, mixing, clean-up and limited storage of flammable materials to be used in the spraypainting booth. It must be a Type 1, Type 2, or Type 3 building, or must be compliant with AS/NZS 4114.1:2003 and AS/NZS 4114.2:2003. Paint mixing rooms are normally structures inside a room of the building i.e. the walls and ceiling of the paint mixing room are independent of the walls and roof of the principal building.
4.2.4. Open and closed containers 1. In a room of containers if one container is open, all containers must be treated as open. 2. Refer to chapter 2.4 where limited decanting takes place. 3. Re-sealed containers are closed containers.
4.2.5. Mixed classes of flammable liquids For the purposes of determining the requirements of a work room that contains mixed classes of flammable liquids, the total volume of these flammable liquids must be considered on the basis that they are all of the most hazardous class. As an example, where a work room contains 500 litres of a 3.1A substance and 2000 litres of a 3.1C substance, the requirements for the work room must be determined on the basis of 2500 litres of 3.1A substance.
4.3. Use of flammable liquids in limited quantities or outside 4.3.1. Use in limited quantities Limited quantities of flammable liquids can be used throughout any building or room, provided that: 1.
The maximum aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C hazardous substances in use at any
one time must not exceed 250 litres, of which a maximum of 60 litres may be class 3.1A and class 3.1B hazardous substances in aggregate. 2.
The building must be occupied by the same organisation that is storing or using the hazardous
substances. 3.
The part of the work room or building in which the hazardous substances are exposed to the
atmosphere must be constructed of fire-resisting materials to at least six metres in all directions from any open container down to floor level and up to roof level. The building must not be more than one storey. 4.
Where work involving the use of class 3.1A and 3.1B hazardous substances in excess of 30 litres in
aggregate is being carried out, sources of ignition from operational activities must not be permitted within 15 metres of the area measured around the wall, unless the working area is protected by an intervening wall
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that is of fire resisting construction. 5.
The requirements for a hazardous atmosphere zone must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS
2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 6.
6.
Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where
flammable liquids are held. Appendix H provides further details on hazard sign requirements. 7.
Secondary containment must be provided in accordance with the provisions on Appendix G .
4.3.2. Use outside The following criteria must be met where flammable liquids are used outside a building: 1. Hazardous atmosphere zones must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 2. Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where flammable liquids are held. Appendix H provides further details on hazard sign requirements. 3. Secondary containment at 110% of the total quantity must be provided. Refer to Appendix G for more information. 4. Controlled zones and minimum separation distances should be established. Table 8 provides guidance. Table 8 : Separation distances for outside use of flammable liquids.
Capacity (litres) 1
Separation distance from an area of HILU (metres)
For Class 3.1a and 3.1b UP TO 3,000 L
8m
7,500 L
15 m
For Class 3.1c UP TO 4,000 L
8m
10,000 L
15 m
1.
The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) shall be the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be, but in no case less than eight metres.
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4.4. Building types required for a work-room A class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance that is; 1. being used or in an open container; and, 2. in a building; and, 3. in excess of the quantities specified in clause 4.3.1 must be held in a Type 1, Type 2 or Type 3 building, or a paint-mixing room that complies with AS/NZS 4114.1:2003. The selection of the building type is dependent on the quantity of flammable substances and the distances to other buildings, activities or boundaries. Closed processes such as the distillation of solvents are included in this requirement.
4.4.1. General requirements for work-rooms 1. Any door in a work-room: a. must comply with Chapter 5 of this code; and, b. must be self-closing; and, c.
must not open directly into any portion of the building occupied by another tenancy; and,
d. should not have an opening wider than necessary for operational requirements; and e. in work rooms where more than 3 persons are regularly employed at any one time, two doors shall be provided and placed as far apart as practicable, and, unless the competent authority in any case allows otherwise, at least one of these doors shall give direct access to the open air. 2. A sliding door may be held open by a device such as a fusible link or electronic temperature sensor that must ensure that the door will close automatically in the event of a fire. These should be fail-safe. No flammable or combustible materials are allowed outside the work-room within three metres of the doorway. 3. Any window in a work-room : a. must not be provided in any wall separating a work-room or storage space from the rest of the building unless they are essential for the operations conducted in the building; and, b. must comply with NZS 4232.2:1998 c.
must be the minimum size necessary.
d. have frames which are the same FRR as the walls of the workroom or storage space. 4. Glazing fitted to windows in a work-room must be sealed to prevent the escape of vapours and must not be able to be opened. Glass such as toughened safety glass, laminated safety glass or laminated wire glass complying with AS/NZS 2208:1996 is acceptable.
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5. Skylights in the roof of a work-room – a. must include a closure that is at least fire resistant in the event of fire; and, b. must comply with the requirements for windows in a work-room; and c.
must not open from the work-room into the interior of a building; and
d. are distinct from vents. 6. Any building that is a work-room, or contains a work-room, must not be occupied as a dwelling. 7. A work-room must have a secondary containment system with a capacity of at least 100% of the Total Pooling Potential. Appendix G provides further details on secondary containment. 8. This code is applicable only to work-rooms at ground-level. Appendix I provides further details on ground-level locations that are acceptable. 9. The quantity of hazardous substances permitted in any work-room should be the minimum practicable, and any other hazardous substance must be held at a separate location. 10. Ventilation must be provided in any work-room, and shall meet the criteria set out in Appendix K. 11. Precautions to prevent ignition must be taken and fire protection equipment must be employed to meet the requirements of Appendix A . 12. The requirements for a hazardous atmosphere zone must be met, as specified in Appendix A of this code. 13. The requirements for controlled zones and separation distances must be met, as specified in this chapter, and Appendix B . 14. Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where flammable liquids are held. Appendix H provides further details on hazard sign requirements.
4.4.2. Type 1 Building requirements A Type 1 Building is one of the three types of construction that are suitable for a work-room. Activities within the work-room are restricted to the use of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances only. Furthermore, the controlled zone and separation distances applicable to this type of construction dictate the quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances that may be held in that work-room. A Type 1 building can be a stand alone building or a room within a building. A Type 1 Building shall therefore include: 1. the general requirements for all building types that are specified in clause 4.4.1 2. the specific requirements for type 1 buildings as specified in Table 9 and Figure 4.1. Table 9 : Requirements Specific to a Type 1 Building work-room
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Description
Requirement
A. Building Elements Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) for all walls, floor and ceiling / roof.
60 / 60 / 60 FRR
B. Quantities Maximum capacity for any container
20 L
Maximum aggregate quantity
450 L
C. Minimum separation distances of the work-room from an area of HILU
Distance (meters)
Class 3.1A or class 3.1B hazardous substance in the work-room Zero separation Class 3.1C hazardous substance in the work-room D. Fire doors Refer to Chapter 5 of this code.
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Figure 4.1: Construction requirements for a Type 1 building.
ROOF / CEILING FRR 60/60/60
WORK ROOM
WORK ROOM
FLOOR FRR 60/60/60
FLOOR FRR 60/60/60
ELEVATION
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
ROOF / CEILING FRR 60/60/60
EAVES LINE
B. Work-room as a stand-alone building
A. Work-room as a room in a building
ELEVATION
EAVES LINE EAVES LINE
60/60/60
WORK ROOM
60/60/60
60/60/60
60/60/60
DOOR FRR -/60/60
WORK ROOM
60/60/60
60/60/60
60/60/60
60/60/60
DOOR FRR -/60/60 FIXED CANOPY ROOF LINE PLAN
PLAN
Work-room structure. Other building elements. Secondary containment system. 60/60/60
Required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) for a Type 1 building.
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4.4.3. Type 2 Building requirements A Type 2 Building is one of three types of construction that is suitable for a work-room. Activities within the work-room are restricted to the use of class 3.1.A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances only. Furthermore, the controlled zone and separation distances applicable to this type of construction dictate the quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B, 3.1C hazardous substances that may be held in that work-room. A Type 2 building can be a stand alone building or a room within a building. 1. the general requirements for all building types that are specified in clause 4.4.1 2. the specific requirements for type 2 buildings as specified in Table 10 and Figure 4.2. Table 10 : Requirements Specific to a Type 2 Building work-room
Description
Requirement
A. Building Element Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) for all walls, floor and ceiling / roof.
120 / 120 / 120 FRR
B. Quantities Maximum capacity for any container (litres)
No limit
Maximum aggregate quantity of class 3.1A and 3.1B hazardous substances (litres)
7,500 L
Maximum quantity of class 3.1C hazardous substances (litres)
10,000 L
C. Minimum separation distances of the work-room from an area of HILU
Aggregate quantity of Class 3.1A and class 3.1B hazardous substance in the work-room (litres)
Aggregate quantity of Class 3.1C hazardous substance in the work-room (litres)
Up to 1,750 L
0m
3,000 L
5m
7,500 L
8m
Up to 2,500 L
0m
4,000 L
5m
10,000 L
8m
D. Fire doors Refer to Chapter 5 of this code.
- / 120 / 60 FRR
Where a work-room holds class 3.1A and / or class 3.1B substances, and also class 3.1C substances, the relevant quantity has been exceeded if the quantity-ratio is greater than 1. Refer to Appendix E for information on quantity ratio. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) shall be the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be.
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Figure 4.2: Construction requirements for a Type 2 building.
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
ROOF / CEILING FRR 120/120/120
EAVES LINE
B. Work-room as a stand-alone building
A. Work-room as a room in a building
ROOF / CEILING FRR 120/120/120
WORK ROOM
WORK ROOM
FLOOR FRR 120/120/120
FLOOR FRR 120/120/120
ELEVATION
ELEVATION
d
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
HILU
d
DOOR FRR -/120/60
WORK ROOM
120/120/120
WORK ROOM
120/120/120
120/120/120
120/120/120
120/120/120
120/120/120
d
120/120/120
120/120/120
DOOR FRR -/120/60 FIXED CANOPY ROOF LINE
d PLAN
PLAN
Work-room structure. Other structural elements of the building. Secondary containment system. d
120/120/120
Separation distance to HILU d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held in the work-room. Required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) for a Type 2 building.
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4.4.4. Type 3 Building requirements A Type 3 Building is one of the three types of construction that is suitable for a work-room. Activities within the work-room are restricted to the use of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances only. Furthermore, the controlled zone and separation distances applicable to this type of construction dictate the quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances that may be held in that work-room. A Type 3 building can be a stand alone building or a room within a building. 1. the general requirements for all building types that are specified in clause 4.4.1 2. the specific requirements for type 3 buildings as specified in Table 11 and Figure of this code. Table 11 : Requirements Specific to a Type 3 Building work-room
Description
Requirement
A. Building Elements Minimum Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) for all walls, floor and ceiling / roof
240 / 240 / 240 FRR
B. Quantities Maximum capacity for each container (litres)
No limit
Maximum aggregate quantity of class 3.1A and 3.1B hazardous substances (litres)
7,500 L
Maximum aggregate quantity of class 3.1C hazardous substances (litres)
10,000 L
C. Minimum separation distances of the work-room from an area of HILU Aggregate quantity of Class 3.1A and class 3.1B hazardous substance in the work-room (litres)
Aggregate quantity of Class 3.1C hazardous substance in the work-room (litres)
Up to 3,000 L
0m
Up to 7,500 L
5m
Up to 4,000 L
0m
Up to 10,000 L
5m
D. Fire doors Refer to Chapter 5 of this code.
- / 240 / 60 FRR
Where a work-room holds class 3.1A and / or class 3.1B substances, and also class 3.1C substances, the relevant quantity has been exceeded if the quantity-ratio is greater than 1. Refer to Appendix E for information on quantity ratio. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) shall be the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be.
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Figure 4.3: Construction requirements for a Type 3 building.
ROOF / CEILING FRR 240/240/240
WORK ROOM
WORK ROOM
FLOOR FRR 240/240/240
FLOOR FRR 240/240/240
ELEVATION
EAVES LINE
ROOF / CEILING FRR 240/240/240
EAVES LINE
B. Work-room as a stand-alone building EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
A. Work-room as a room in a building
ELEVATION
d
EAVES LINE
EAVES LINE
d
DOOR FRR -/240/60
WORK ROOM
240/240/240
WORK ROOM
240/240/240
240/240/240
240/240/240
240/240/240
240/240/240
d
240/240/240
240/240/240
DOOR FRR -/240/60 FIXED CANOPY ROOF LINE d PLAN
PLAN
Work-room structure. Other structural elements of the building. Secondary containment system. d
240/240/240
Separation distance to HILU d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held in the work-room. Required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) for a Type 3 building.
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4.4.5. Paint-mixing room requirements Paint-mixing rooms shall be compliant with AS/NZS 4114.1:2003. Work-rooms such as a Type 1 building may also be used as paint-mixing rooms. Paint mixing rooms constructed in accordance with AS/NZS 4114.1:2003 must be associated with a spray booth, that is they are not permitted in isolation. 1. This clause describes the requirements for a paint-mixing room, which must conform with Table 12 and Figure 4.4 , where a paint-mixing room is: a. separated from the spray-booth by a wall in common, with direct access between the spaces through a door and each space having at least one additional exit; or, b. separated from the spray-booth by a wall in common with no direct access between the spaces, and each space having at least one exit; or, c.
free-standing from the spray-booth, with each space having at least one exit.
2. The paint-mixing room shall be associated with a spray painting booth and shall be used primarily for the purpose of preparation, mixing, clean up and limited storage of flammable substances used in the spray painting booth. 3. A door in a paint-mixing room must meet the requirements: a.
as set out in AS/NZS 4114.1:2003; or,
b.
for a Type 1 work room as set out in Chapter 5.
4.
Ventilation must be provided in any paint-mixing room, and must meet the requirements –
a.
as set out in AS/NZS 4114.1:2003; or,
b.
for a Type 1 work room as set out in Appendix K.
5.
The requirements for a hazardous atmosphere zone must be delineated in accordance with AS/NZS
2430.3 or AS60079.10. Refer to Appendix A for guidance. 6.
Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where flammable
liquids are held. Appendix H provides further details on hazard sign requirements.
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Table 12 : Requirements Specific to a Paint mixing room
Description
Requirement
A. Building Element Fire Resistance Rating for all walls, floor and ceiling / roof
Type 1 4114.1:2003
or
AS/NZS
B. Quantities Maximum capacity for each container
20 L
Maximum aggregate capacity
450 L
C. Minimum separation distances of the work-room from an area of HILU, or from the boundary of the controlled zone (whichever is the closer).
Distance (metres)
Class 3.1A or class 3.1B hazardous substance in the work-room (litres) Zero separation Class 3.1C hazardous substance in the work-room (litres) Where a paint mixing room holds class 3.1A and / or class 3.1B substances, and also class 3.1C substances, the relevant quantity has been exceeded if the quantity-ratio is greater than 1. Refer to Appendix E for information on quantity ratio. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) shall be the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be.
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Figure 4.4: Types of paint-mixing rooms associated with spray booths.
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4.4.6. Work-rooms with walls of different construction Where a work-room is a discrete building with walls of different construction, existing wing walls or return walls may provide an equivalent solution to meet the requirements of this code. These solutions must only be applied to stores that were constructed prior to 2006. Figure describes an example where wing walls are constructed to meet the requirements for work-room construction. Figure 4.6 describes an example where return walls are constructed to meet the requirements for work-room construction. These examples have been based on the following assumptions: 1. The work-room has walls of different construction, including – a. walls that have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR, that meet the requirements of a Type 2 building construction; and, b. walls that have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, that meet the requirements of a Type 3 building construction. 2. The work-room roof must have a Fire-Resistance Rating of 240/240/240 FRR, or must be upgraded with parapet walls. 3. The work-room is intended to be used to hold an aggregate quantity of 7,500 litres of a class 3.1A or class 3.1B or class 3.1C hazardous substance. 4. To meet the requirements of this code, it is understood that separation distances from areas of HILU must be a minimum of the distances set out in Table 13. Table 13: Required separation distances for a work-room holding an aggregate quantity of 7,500 litres of a class 3.1A or 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance, from areas of HILU.
Building wall construction type
Required FRR
Required separation distance1 (metres)
Type 2 wall
120 / 120 / 120
8m
Type 3 wall
240 / 240 / 240
5m
1. As the work-room in this example could contain up to 7,500 L of any class 3.1 hazardous substance, the separation distance must relate to the requirements for the worst case.
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Figure 4.5: Wing Walls constructed to upgrade a building intended for use as a work-room for up to 7,500 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance.
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Figure 4.6 : Return Walls constructed to upgrade a building intended for use as a work-room for up to 7,500 litres of a class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substance.
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4.4.7. Work-rooms in a building with a ceiling or roof of a different construction Where a work-room is a room in a building and has a ceiling or roof construction that does not achieve the required Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR), parapet walls shall be an equivalent solution. These solutions shall only be applied to work-rooms that were constructed prior to 2006 and where the owner of the work-room also owns the rest of the building. 1. Parapet walls must be constructed in accordance with the following criteria: a. Where the ceiling or roof of a store does not comply with the required Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR), the store shall be separated from every adjoining or adjacent room or building by parapet walls; and, b. the parapet walls shall extend to a minimum of 0.5 metres above the building line; and, c.
the parapet walls shall have the same Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR) as the rest of the wall.
Figure 4.7 describes examples where parapet walls are meet the requirements for work-rooms. Figure 4.7 : Use of Parapet walls as part of an equivalent solution to work-room construction.
2. As an example, a work-room that is constructed with 240/240/240 FRR walls and parapets, but which has a light weight roof, shall comply with building elements described in Table 11.
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5. Doors 5.1. Purpose of this chapter 1. This chapter provides the criteria for selecting a fire-door where a class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C flammable liquid is held in a work-room or store of a specified Fire-Resistance Rating (FRR). Information from HSNOCOP 51 has been subsumed into this chapter. 2. This chapter does not include doors for rooms holding – a. Flammable gases; or, b. Flammable solids; or, c.
Substances that are oxidisers or organic peroxides.
5.2. Requirements for doors 5.2.1. Doors into a work-room 1. A door into a work-room: a. must open towards the outside of the work-room. b. must be self-closing. c.
must not open directly into any portion of the building that is occupied by another tenancy.
d. should not have an opening wider than one metre unless the room so necessitates. e. must not have any combustible materials within three metres of the doorway outside the workroom. f.
must have any portion of any structure within three metres of the doorway constructed of noncombustible materials.
g. must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/60/60 FRR where a work-room is, or is in, a Type 1 building. h. must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/120/60 FRR where a work-room is, or is in, a Type 2 building. i.
must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/240/60 FRR where a work-room is, or is in, a Type 3 building.
2. Where the nature of the work so requires, the door may be held open by a device that will ensure that the door will close automatically in the event of a fire. 3. Where a door from a work-room opens to the open air – a. and there are no adjacent areas of HILU that would be endangered thereby, a door of lesser fire
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resistance may be permitted; b. the door may be held open by a device that will ensure that the door will close automatically in the event of a fire. For further information on work-rooms, refer to Chapter 1.
5.2.2. Doors into a paint-mixing room 1. The requirements for paint-mixing room doors must conform to AS/NZS 4114.1:2003.
5.2.3. Doors into a store 1. A door into a store: a. must be self-closing in the event of a fire near the doorway. b. must be kept closed except where goods are being placed in, or removed from, the store. c.
must have no combustible materials within three metres of the doorway outside the store.
d. must have any portion of any structure within three metres of the doorway constructed of noncombustible materials. e. must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/60/60 FRR where a room is required to have a 60/60/60 FRR. f.
must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/120/60 FRR where the store or work-room is required to have a 120/120/120 FRR, including a Type C building.
g. must have a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of -/240/60 FRR where the store or work-room is required to have a 240/240/240 FRR, including a Type D building. 2. In some cases it may be necessary to have a door with a Fire Resistance Rating the is lesser than that specified. Where this is necessary, e.g. to enable a roller door to be utilised a controlled zone must be established about the door in accordance with Table 14 and Figure 5.1 In these circumstances: a. The door must be made from fire resisting materials, and b. The building must be detached i.e. stand alone. 3. For information on stores, refer to Section 2 of this code.
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Table 14 : Controlled zone requirements for separating a Type C or Type D building with a door of a lesser firerating, from areas of HILU.
Package container (litres)
≤ 60 L
/ size
Aggregate quantity of class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substances (litres)
Minimum controlled zone from an area of HILU, measured as an arc radius (d)1, 2
≤ 250 L
0m
500 L
1m
750 L
2m
2,000 L
3m
10,000 L
10 m
25,000 L
15 m
40,000 L
17 m
≥ 60,000 L
20 m
≤ 250 L
3m
1,000 L
6m
10,000 L
15 m
20,000 L
20 m
40,000 L
27 m
≥ 60,000 L
30 m
> 60 L
1. The arc radius must have its origin measured from the edges of the door opening. 2. The separation distance that applies to an intermediate capacity (where the aggregate quantity of hazardous substance is between 2 successive capacities) is the distance that is proportional to the difference in capacity or quantity, as the case may be.
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Figure 5.1: Diagrams illustrating the methods for measuring the controlled zone requirements for class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C hazardous substance stores with doors of lesser Fire-Resistance Ratings (FRR).
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6. Controlled zones and property boundaries 6.1. Purpose of this chapter This chapter provides information on situations where a controlled zone or separation distance extends beyond the boundary of the property where a hazardous substance is held.
6.2. Requirements for controls extending over property boundaries 6.2.1. Required controlled zones and separation distances The requirements for controlled zones and separation distances must be met, as specified for stores in Chapter 2 and work-rooms in Chapter 1. Appendix B gives further detailed information on controlled zones and separation distances.
6.2.2. Managing controlled zones extending over property boundaries The separation distance must not be calculated beyond the boundary of the property at which the relevant hazardous substance is present unless the person in charge of any property beyond that boundary agrees that the corresponding controlled zone may be calculated to include that property 1. An agreement to allow the separation distances that define a controlled zone to be calculated over a property boundary: a. Must be acceptable to both parties, and should be in writing. b. Must clearly define: i. The total extent of the controlled zone in relation to all properties involved, and where the property boundaries fall; and, ii. Who is responsible for managing the total extent of the controlled zone, or any part of that zone depending on where the property boundaries fall. 2. Figure 6.1, Figure 6.2 and Figure 6.3 give examples of controlled zones and separation distances extending over property boundaries.
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Figure 6.1: Separation distances across property boundaries (A).
(A) Neighbouring property requires a separation distance to be agreed, established and managed.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
NEIGHBOURING PROPERTY (HILU)
d from LILU
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
BUILDING OF HILU
IN THIS SITUATION, AN AGREEMENT MUST BE ESTABLISHED BETWEEN THE PERSONS IN CHARGE OF BOTH PROPERTIES, TO ENSURE THE CONTROLLED ZONE IS MAINTAINED.
Structure that must meet the required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) Other structures. Separation distance and extent of minimum controlled zone. Property boundary. HILU d
An area of High Intensity Land Use. Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held at the location.
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Figure 6.2: Separation distances across property boundaries (B).
(B) Neighbouring property requires separation distance to be agreed, established and managed, AND Neighbouring building requires structural upgrading to meet the requirements of the separation distance. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
NEIGHBOURING PROPERTY (HILU)
d from LILU
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
BUILDING OF HILU
IN THIS SITUATION, AN AGREEMENT MUST BE ESTABLISHED BETWEEN THE PERSONS IN CHARGE OF BOTH PROPERTIES, TO ENSURE THE CONTROLLED ZONE IS MAINTAINED.
Structure that must meet the required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) Other structures. Separation distance and extent of minimum controlled zone. Property boundary. HILU d
An area of High Intensity Land Use. Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held at the location.
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Figure 6.3: Controlled zones and separation distances across property boundaries (C).
(C) Protective separating wall constructed so that there is no requirement to agree and establish a controlled zone on the neighbouring property.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
NEIGHBOURING PROPERTY (HILU)
d from LILU
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
BUILDING OF HILU
THIS SITUATION CANNOT BE RESOLVED BY AGREEMENTBETWEEN THE PARTIES. A WAIVER APPLICATION MUST BE SUBMITTED TO THE AUTHORITY TO SEEK CONSENT.
Structure that must meet the required Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) Other structures. Separation distance and extent of minimum controlled zone. Property boundary. HILU d
An area of High Intensity Land Use. Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held at the location.
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Appendix A: Hazardous atmosphere zone A01 Purpose This normative appendix defines and identifies hazardous atmosphere zones required for the storage and use of hazardous substances.
A02 Definition Hazardous atmosphere zones are used to delineate where flammable vapours may be present. If vapours are present, special precautions must be taken to prevent ignition. A hazardous atmosphere zone is used primarily to decide on the type of electrical equipment that is acceptable within that zone. A hazardous atmosphere zone surrounds a flammable substance and identifies the extent of any source (or potential source) of release of gas or vapour. Within the zone there must be controls to prevent unintended ignition.
A03 Types of hazardous atmosphere zone Three types of hazardous atmosphere zones are identified: •
Zone 0 – extreme risk
•
Zone 1 – high risk
•
Zone 2 – low risk
The extent of the zone depends on the nature of the operation and quality of ventilation. Within each zone, specific restrictions are placed on the types of electrical fittings you may use. The electricity regulations require a minimum four-yearly periodic inspection of wiring and fittings, or when installation or maintenance work is undertaken on the equipment.
A04 Threshold quantities for controls in a hazardous atmosphere zone Hazardous atmosphere zones must be established and controls implemented where class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C flammable liquids are held in quantities greater than those described in Table 15. For situations where quantities of hazardous substances are held in quantities less than those described in Table 15, a hazardous atmosphere zone should still be considered. Furthermore when substances of different hazard classifications or different package sizes are stored, the quantity ratio must be used to determine the requirement for a hazardous atmosphere zone.
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Table 15 : Quantities of class 3.1 substances that activate hazardous atmosphere zone requirements.
Hazard Classification
Minimum quantity of flammable substance Quantity (litres)
Circumstance
100 L
Closed.
3.1A, 3.1B
25 L
Decanting.
and 3.1C
5L
Open occasionally.
1L
If in an open container for continuous use.
1. Information from the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, Schedule 3, Table 3. 2. Regulation 58 of the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, requires hazardous atmosphere zones to be established for class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1D substances and specifies the means of doing this through the use of standards including AS/NZS 60079.10.1:2009
A05 Electrical systems within hazardous atmosphere zones Where any electrical installation or any electrical appliance is located within a hazardous atmosphere zone, the following documents must be consulted regarding the requirements for intrinsically safe electrical installations: •
Electricity Regulations 1997.
•
Electricity Act 1992.
•
Health and Safety in Employment (Mining – Underground) Regulations 1999.
•
Maritime Transport Act 1994.
•
Transport Services Act 1989.
•
Railways Act 2005.
•
Land Transport Act 1998.
•
Civil Aviation Rules.
•
Electrical Safety Regulations 2010.
A06 Locations requiring a hazardous atmosphere zone Each hazardous atmosphere zone must be clearly defined on a site plan, which must be available to an enforcement officer. Additionally, this site plan must be supplied to the test certifier if you need a location test certificate. The requirements of AS/NZS 2430.3 or AS/NZS60079.10.1:2009 must be met, regarding the delineation of areas for hazardous atmosphere zones.
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Appendix B: Controlled Zones and Separation Distances B01 Purpose This normative appendix identifies controlled zones and separation distances for the storage or use of class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C hazardous substances. The purpose is to expand on and clarify definitions given in Section 1.7 of this code,
B02 Elaboration of definitions given in Section 1.7 of this code 1. Areas of HILU – a. The definition given in Section 1.7 of this code defines areas of HILU as in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 and also the Site and Storage Conditions for Flammable Liquids. This definition is elaborated on here: i. An area of regular habitation has the meaning given to it in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, which includes any dwelling, hospital, school, airport, commercial premises, office, or other area where people regularly congregate. This may also include a residential building, place of worship, public building, theatre, and any building or open area in which persons are accustomed to assemble. Examples include a factory, workshop, office, store, warehouse, shop, or building where persons are employed. ii. A structure made of or containing combustible materials refers to any materials used to form that structure and which would sustain a significant fire. Examples of materials contained in a structure include, but are not limited to, claddings, linings, weatherproof membranes, insulation and finishes. This definition does not apply to the substances that may be stored or used in the rooms of the structure, such as drums of fuels. iii. A high-density traffic route can apply to traffic routes on public land and private land. iv. A small office refers to a building located within the controlled zone of a hazardous substance location, that is directly used for the activities of that hazardous substance location. This definition of an area of high intensity land use differs from that in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001. It is applicable both within the boundary and also beyond the boundary of a place where a hazardous substance location is sited. 2. Area of LILU: a. The definition given in Section 1.7 of this code defines an area LILU as in Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004
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and the Site and Storage Conditions for Flammable Liquids. This definition is elaborated on here, such that: i. A traffic route of low or medium density refers to traffic routes on public land and traffic routes on private land. ii. This does not include an area of regular habitation as defined in sub-clause 1.a.i above. This definition of an area of LILU differs from that in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001. This is applicable both within the boundary and also beyond the boundary of a place where a hazardous substance location is sited. 3. Controlled zones and separation distances are defined in Section 1.7. This definition is elaborated on here, such that: a. A controlled zone must be established to provide protection from the risks associated with the storage or use of hazardous substances with explosive, flammable or oxidising properties, i.e. classes 1-5 hazardous substances, including paints, thinners, diesel and LPG. b. Beyond the controlled zone, the public is provided with reasonable protection from the potential adverse effects arising from the hazardous substance. c.
Within the zone, access must be limited to authorised personnel, and potential adverse effects must be reduced or prevented.
d. The controlled zone of the site may be greater than the minimum controlled zone required under HSNO. e. The separation distance is the minimum distance that must be maintained from the hazardous substance location or the building to area of HILU or LILU. f.
Where class 3.1 substances are located in a building, the separation distances and controlled zones are measured from the walls of the building.
g. In many circumstances, the entire site is controlled i.e. the controlled zones extend to the property boundary.
B03 Incompatible substances 1. Flammable substance are which are incompatible with other hazardous substances, such as oxidising substances, must be held separately with a minimum segregation distance between them. 2. Separation distances are quite distinct from segregation distances, such that even where separation distances do not apply, there may still be a requirement for a segregation distance to be established.
B04 Requirements 1. The person in charge of a hazardous substance location at which flammable liquids are present, must
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ensure there is a controlled zone around the hazardous substance location. 2. Access by all non-authorised personnel to the controlled zone must be restricted. Figure1 and Figure B06-2 give examples of controlled zone and separation distance applications within the property boundaries. 3. Exclusion of non-authorised personnel is not a requirement if: a. the controlled zone includes one or more areas for the retail sale of a class 3.1 hazardous substance to which the public have access; and, b. warning signs are provided that are visible to persons in the controlled zone, and which specify that no ignition source may be brought within that controlled zone. 4. The full extent of the controlled zone must be specified on a site plan that is available to the test certifier and to an enforcement officer.
B05 Certification 1. Compliance with controlled zone and separation distances must be met as part of the location test certificate process. 2. Even if a location test certificate is not required, some controlled zone and separation distance obligations may still need to be met. A competent person, i.e. a test certifier or other person with equivalent skill and experience, should be contacted to evaluate the need to establish the controlled zone and separation distances.
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B06 Examples of controlled zone and separation distance applications Figure B06-1: Controlled zones and separation distances required for a hazardous substance store.
LIVESTOCK PADDOCK (LILU)
PUBLIC PARK (LILU)
d from LILU
d from HILU EAVES LINE
AREA OF REGULAR HABITATION
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
d from HILU
e.g. A DWELLING (HILU)
ADJACENT HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION (HILU)
SO
d from HILU
ADMINISTRATION BUILDING (HILU) PARKING (HILU)
HIGH INTENSITY PUBLIC TRAFFIC ROUTE, e.g. A ROAD (HILU)
Hazardous substance location structure. Other structures. Extent of required controlled zone. Extent of controlled zone on the site. Property boundary. SO
Small office for managing the hazardous substance location only, constructed of non-combustible materials.
HILU
Examples of areas of High Intensity Land Use.
LILU
Examples of areas of Low Intensity Land Use.
d
Separation distance d depends on the class and aggregate quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held at the location, and whether the controlled zone abuts an area of HILU or an area of LILU.
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Figure B06-2: Controlled zones and separation distances required for above-ground storage tanks.
PUBLIC PARK (LILU)
LIVESTOCK PADDOCK (LILU)
d from LILU x
HS TANK
d From HILU
x
AREA OF REGULAR HABITATION
HS TANK x
d From HILU
HS TANK
e.g. A DWELLING (HILU) SO
ADJACENT HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LOCATION
d from HILU
(HILU)
ADMINISTRATION BUILDING (HILU) PARKING (HILU)
HIGH INTENSITY PUBLIC TRAFFIC ROUTE, e.g. A ROAD (HILU)
Hazardous substance location structure. Other structures. Extent of required controlled zone. Extent of controlled zone on the site. Property boundary. SO
HS TANK
Small office for managing the hazardous substance location only, constructed of non-combustible materials. Above-ground stationary tank holding hazardous substances.
HILU
Examples of areas of High Intensity Land Use.
LILU
Examples of areas of Low Intensity Land Use.
d
Separation distance d depends on the class and quantity of the hazardous substance(s) held in each tank at the location, and whether the controlled zone abuts an area of HILU or an area of LILU.
x
Separation distance x must meet the requirements specified in Schedule 8 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004.
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Appendix C: Group Standards C01 Purpose This informative appendix defines and identifies group standards in relation to hazardous substances.
C02 Definition A group standard is an approval for a group of hazardous substances which have a similar nature or type or which have similar circumstances of use. For example, paints and the raw ingredients used in paint manufacture are controlled under a group standard. A small number of group standards are based solely on a substance’s hazardous properties, rather than the way it is used. For example, group standards for aerosols include substances with quite different uses, such as spray paints and aerosol cleaning products. The HSNO controls are consolidated into the group standard and its associated site and storage document. If a hazardous substance is nominated to a group standard then the controls of that group standard and the applicable site and storage conditions are required to be followed. Group standards may apply to one or more of the following hazardous substances or products: • a hazardous substance that was previously covered by the transitional provisions of the Act; • a new hazardous substance; • a hazardous substance that is already approved under the Act; • a product that is, contains, incorporates or includes a hazardous substance. This may include a manufactured article, a waste product, or a manufacturing by-product.
C03 Risk management Group standards set conditions to manage risks to people and the environment from hazardous substances. They cover a substance’s full life-cycle, from its manufacture or importation, to storage, transportation and use, through to final disposal. The conditions cover matters such as how to label a substance, or whether a user needs protective clothing. If the substance is flammable, the conditions say what needs to be done to avoid a fire. The conditions are generally based on the Hazardous Substances Regulations, but are written in a more user-friendly way. In some cases, particularly for information requirements, the conditions are more prescriptive than the regulations. The conditions of a group standard must be complied with, and are legally enforceable.
C04 Scope of group standards Group standards cover a wide variety of products used in many different situations – everything from substances for home use, such as detergents and drain cleaners, to highly specialised industrial chemicals. There are group standards for paints, adhesives, flavours and fragrances, lubricants, industrial and domestic cleaners, cosmetics, polymers and many more.
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Currently, there are over 200 group standards, covering 30 categories of substances. Most categories are based on the use of a substance. Table 16: Categories for which group standards have been developed. Active ingredients used for the manufacture of agricultural compounds
Fuel additives
Additives, process chemicals and raw materials
Graphic materials
Aerosols
Industrial and institutional cleaning products
Agricultural compounds
Laboratory chemicals and re-agent kits
Animal nutritional and animal care products
Leather and textile products
Class 4 substances
Lubricants
Class 5.1.1 oxidising substances
Metal industry products
Class 5.2 organic peroxides
N.O.S. (Not Otherwise Specified) substances
Cleaning products
Pharmaceutical active ingredients
Compressed gas mixtures
Pheromone containing products
Construction products
Photographic chemicals
Corrosion inhibitors
Polymers
Cosmetic products
Refining catalysts
Denatured ethanol
Solvents
Dental products
Surface coatings and colourants
Embalming products
Tattoo inks
Fertilisers
Water treatment chemicals
Fire -fighting chemicals
Veterinary medicines
Food additives and fragrance materials
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Appendix D: Hazardous Substance Location D01 Purpose This normative appendix defines and identifies a hazardous substance location.
D02 Definition Hazardous substance location is defined in Section 1.7 of this code. This definition refers to the quantities of class 3 hazardous substances that activate hazardous substance location requirements. These quantities are given in Table 17. Table 17 : Quantities of class 3 substances that activate hazardous substance location requirements.
Hazard classification
Quantity beyond which controls apply for closed containers
Quantity beyond which controls apply when use occurring in open containers
3.1A
20 L
20 L
100 L in containers > 5 L
50 L
250 L in containers ≤ 5 L
50 L
500 L in containers > 5 L
250 L
1,500 L in containers ≤ 5 L
250 L
3.1B
3.1C
Information from the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, Schedule 3, Table 4.
Hazardous substance locations have requirements for controlled zones and separation distances. Furthermore when substances of different hazard classifications or different package sizes are stored, the quantity ratio must be used to determine the requirement for a hazardous substance location. Refer to Appendix B of this code, as well as Appendix E of this code for calculating quantity ratios.
D03 Test certification Where a test certificate is required for a hazardous substance location, that test certificate must be renewed at intervals of not more than 12 months, unless, on request of the person or persons required to obtain the test certificate, the Authority specifies a longer time limit for which the test certificate is valid. This longer time limit specified by the Authority may not exceed 36 months.
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Appendix E: Quantity Ratios E01 Purpose This normative appendix defines quantity ratios, and gives examples for using them to determine the requirements for hazardous substance locations and hazardous atmosphere zones. Where substances of different hazard classifications or container sizes are at the same location, the quantity ratio is used to determine whether the total quantity exceeds the threshold. When calculating quantity ratios, only add substances of the same class number that are compatible.
E02 Definition In determining whether the requirements for an approved handler, a hazardous substance location, a hazardous atmosphere zone, a test certificate or a work room are activated, the relevant quantity has been exceeded if the quantity-ratio sum is greater than 1 when determined in accordance with the following formula: quantity-ratio sum = Σ [ qpi / qai ] Where – Σ is the symbol for summation (summation of the calculated ratios for all flammable hazard classifications present). qpi is the quantity of substance with a particular hazard classification present. qai is the quantity of substance of that hazard classification that activates the relevant requirement.
E03 Application to this Code – Hazardous Substance Location In Appendix D of this code, Table 17 describes the quantities of class 3.1 hazardous substances that activate hazardous substance location requirements. The quantities of all combinations of classifications and package sizes must be taken into account. In situations where different hazardous substances are held in different container sizes, there are two checks must be carried out,
Check 1 Verify the individual classification/container size combinations. If any of these exceed the thresholds, a hazardous substance location is required.
Check 2 Verify the quantity ratio. If the quantity ratio is exceeded, a hazardous substance location is required. The information in Table 18 illustrates an example of a store for a range of substances in closed containers of sizes. Check 1: None of the individual classification/container size combinations exceed the threshold quantities.
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Check 2: The total quantity ratio is greater than 1. In this instance, a Hazardous Substance Location Test would be required on the basis of check 2. Table 18: Example of a store holding different hazardous substances in containers of different sizes.
Class
3.1B
Containers
Ratio
4 x 20 litres
80 / 100 = 0.800
4 x 5 litres 44 / 250 = 0.176 24 x 1 litre 12 x 20 litres
3.1C
240 / 500 = 0.480
100 x 5 litres 900 / 1,500 = 0.600 200 x 2 litres
TOTAL
1,264 litres
2.056
TOTAL QUANTITY RATIO EXCEEDS 1.0 THEREFORE A LOCATION TEST CERTIFICATE IS REQUIRED.
E04 Application to this Code - Workrooms The quantity ratio is applicable to establishing the maximum quantities which can be held in a type 2 or type 3 workroom. Example: A workroom holding 2000 litres of class 3.1A substances, 4000 litres of a class 3.1B substance and 3000 litres of a class 3.1C substance. The workroom is separated from an area of HILU by 15 metres. Check 1: The quantity of class 3.1A and 3.1B is less than the threshold of 7,500 litres. The quantity of class 3.1C is less than the threshold of 10,000 litres. Check 2: The quantity ratio calculation is: 2000/7500 + 4000/7500 + 3000/10,000 = 0.267 + 0.533 + 0.3 = 1.100. The total quantity ratio exceeds 1.00. In this instance the quantity exceeds the specified maximum and must be reduced.
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Appendix F: Hazard Classification F01 Purpose This is an informative appendix, describing hazard classifications in relation to a substance’s physical (Table 18) and biological (Table 20) properties. Hazardous substances are classified in accordance with their inherent properties and the Hazardous Substances (Classification) Regulations 2001. The hazard classes are: •
Class 1 – explosiveness
•
Class 2 – flammability, gases
•
Class 3 – flammability, liquids
•
Class 4 - flammability, solids
•
Class 5 - capacity to oxidize
•
Class 6 - toxicity
•
(Class 7 is unallocated; radioactivity is subject to separate legislation)
•
Class 8 - corrosiveness
•
Class 9 - ecotoxicity
Each class is then split into sub-classes and is also assigned a character in accordance with the degree of hazard. The classification system consists of: •
numbered classes, e.g. class 3, indicating the intrinsic hazardous property of a substance;
•
numbered sub-classes, e.g. sub-class 3.1, indicating the type of hazard of the substance;
•
lettered categories, e.g. category 3.1A, indicating the degree of hazard of a substance.
Each hazardous substance is given a series of hazard classes in accordance with the properties of the substance. For example petrol has hazard classifications 3.1A, 6.1E, 6,3B, 6.7B, 9.1B. Safety data sheets are required to be available. These are required to be available from suppliers of the hazardous substances,
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Table 18 : Physical Hazard Classification
Class
Explosiveness
Flammability
Class 1
4.1.3
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.2
2.1.2
3.1A
3.2A
4.1.1
4.1.2A 4.1.3A
4.2A
4.3A
5.1.1A
3.1B
3.2B
4.1.1B 4.1.2B 4.1.3B
4.2B
4.3B
5.1.1B
5.2B
3.1C
3.2C
4.1.2C 4.1.3C
4.2C
4.3C
5.1.1C
5.2C
5.1.2A
Organic peroxide
Gases
4.3
Liquids / solids
4.2
Dangerous when wet
4.1.2
Spontaneously combustible
4.1.1
Desensitised explosive
Extremely Insensitive
3.2
Class 5
5.2A
1.1B
1.2B
1.1C
1.2C
1.1D
1.2D
1.4D
4.1.2D
5.2D
1.1E
1.2E
1.4E
4.1.2E
5.2E
1.3C
2.1.1B
3.1
Self reactive
Very Insensitive
2.1.1A 1.4B
2.1.2
Readily combustible
No Significant Hazard
Hazard Classification
1.1A
2.1.1
Liquid desensitised explosive
1.6
Class 4
Liquid
1.5
Class 3
Aerosol
1.4
Gases
1.3 Fire & Minor Blast
1.2 Projection
Mass Explosion
Subclass
1.1
Class 2
Capacity to Oxidise
1.4C 1.5D
3.1D
1.1F
1.2F
1.3F
1.4F
4.1.2F
5.2F
1.1G
1.2G
1.3G
1.4G
4.1.2
5.2G
1.2H
1.3H
1.1J
1.2J
1.3J
1.1L
1.2K 1.2L
1.3K 1.3L 1.6N 1.4S
Table 20 : Biological Hazard Classification
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Class
Class 9
6.6A
6.7A
6.8A
6.9A
6.5B
6.6B
6.7B
6.8B
6.9B
6.1C 6.1D 6.1E
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6.8C
8.1A
8.3
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4 Terrestrial invertebrates
6.5A
8.2
Terrestrial vertebrates
8.1
9.1A
9.2A
9.3A
9.4A
8.2B
9.1B
9.2B
9.3B
9.4B
8.2C
9.1C
9.2C
9.3C
9.4C
9.1D
9.2D
8.2A
8.3A
Aquatic
6.9
Eye corrosive
6.8
Skin corrosive
6.7
Soil
6.6
Metallic corrosive
6.5
Target organ
6.3B
Class 8
Mutagen
6.1B
6.4A
Class 6
Sensitisation
Hazard Classification
6.3A
Eye irritant
Skin irritant
Acutely toxic
Subclass
6.1A
6.4
Ecotoxicity
Reproductive / developmental
6.3
Corrosiveness
Carcinogen
6.1
Toxicity
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Appendix G: Secondary containment G01 Purpose This normative appendix describes the requirements for secondary containment systems in relation to class 3.1A, 3.1B and 3.1C hazardous substances. These requirements are specified in the Hazardous Substances (Emergency Management) Regulations 2001 and also in the various Group Standards.
G02 Definition It is expected that in everyday storage a flammable liquid will be contained by its primary container. To allow for the possibility of a breach of the primary container, and for spillage if the container is opened, a secondary containment system is required. This must be designed to contain the substance, and enable its safe collection. The threshold quantities above which secondary containment is required depend on the hazard classification of the substance and the size of the containers. Secondary containment systems apply to pooling substances, such as hazardous liquids or hazardous substances that may liquefy in a fire. By containing a spill and enabling its recovery, the secondary containment systems can prevent a potential emergency from escalating to a point where the staff at the site, the public, or the environment is at risk. Fires at tank farms or earthquakes in the area of storage facilities are occurrences that might cause failure of primary containers and therefore need a secondary containment system. On a smaller scale, spills can result from handling incidents in package stores or failure of operational procedures, e.g. a valve left open. Secondary containment systems are required for the duration of storage at the site. This includes the lifetime of tanks and the period of storage for containers and drums. In the event of deterioration of the secondary containment system, its integrity must be restored as soon as possible. Secondary containment systems must be designed for their intended purpose. An error in the detail of a design, or a lack of maintenance, can result in a cost that is out of proportion to the cause.
G03 Required Certification Sites that store substances with flammable or oxidising classifications are required to have a Location Test Certificate. Verification of the secondary containment system is required for this certificate. Verification of the secondary containment system is also required for a Stationary Container System Test Certificate, when a Location Test Certificate is not required for the site. Stationary Container System Test Certificates and Location Test Certificates must be obtained from a test certifier approved to issue those certificates.
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G04 Required capacity for secondary containment The required secondary containment system capacity is dependent on the type of container, the quantity of hazardous substance stored and the nature of any building where the substance is stored or used. These requirements are described in Table 21 and Table 22. Table 21: Secondary containment capacity for work rooms holding flammable liquids with hazard classification 3.1
Type of room
Required secondary containment capacity
Work room (Type 1, 2, 3 buildings)
100% of total quantity of substance
Table 22: Secondary containment capacity for stores holding flammable liquids with hazard classification 3.1
Total Pooling
Container capacity
Container capacity
Potential (TPP)
≤ 60 litres
≥ 60 litres and < 450 litres
Container capacity >450 litres
< 5,000 litres
At least 50% of Total Pooling Potential
At least 100% of Total Pooling Potential
At least 110% Pooling Potential
of
Total
≥ 5,000 litres and < 10,000 litres
2,500 L
5,000 L
At least 110% Pooling Potential
of
Total
≥ 10,000 litres
25% of Potential
50% of Total Pooling Potential
At least 110% Pooling Potential
of
Total
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Appendix H: Hazard sign requirements H01 Purpose This normative appendix provides the general criteria for required hazard signs for a work-room or store where a class 3.1 hazardous substance is held. All hazard signs must comply with the Hazardous Substances (Identification) Regulations 2001, and it is the person in charge of the place where hazardous substances are held who is responsible for ensuring these requirements are met. For further information refer to HSNOCOP2 Signage for premises storing hazardous substances and dangerous goods.
H02 Definition Regulation 11 Priority Identifiers of Flammable Substances, of the Hazardous Substances (Identification) Regulations 2001, requires that a flammable substance must be identified by the following information – 1. an indication that it is flammable; and, 2. an indication of whether it is a gas, an aerosol, a liquid, or a solid; and, 3. if it is a liquid, an indication of its general degree of hazard, e.g. “highly flammable”; and, 4. if it is a solid, an indication of its general type of hazard, e.g. “dangerous when wet”. Regulation 51, Duties of persons in charge of places in respect of signage, of the Hazardous Substances (Identification) Regulations 2001, requires that any hazard signs must be legible from a distance of 10 metres, with respect to the comprehensibility of information and clarity of information included on the sign.
H03 Signs for hazardous substances held or used in a building Where a class 3.1 hazardous substance is held in a discrete building, hazard signs must be positioned at every vehicular and pedestrian access to the building, and every vehicular and pedestrian access to the site where the building is located. 1. These hazard signs must: a. state that hazardous substances are present; and, b. describe the general type of hazard of each of them, and, c.
describe the general type of classification each of them has. and,
2. These hazard signs should advise the action to be taken in an emergency.
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H04 Signs for hazardous substances held or used in a room or compartment in a building Where a class 3.1 hazardous substance is held in a particular room or compartment within a building, i.e. where a store or work-room is a room in a building, hazard signs must be positioned at each entrance to that room or compartment. 1. These hazard signs must: a. state that hazardous substances are present; and, b. state the hazardous property of each of them; and, c.
describe the general type of classification each of each of them has; and,
d. describe the precautions necessary to prevent unintended ignition of the substance. 2. These hazard signs should advise the action to be taken in an emergency.
H05 Signs for hazardous substances held or used outside Where a class 3.1 hazardous substance is held in an outside area, hazard signs must be positioned immediately next to that area. 1. These signs must: a. state that hazardous substances are present; and, b. state the hazardous property of each of them; and, c.
describe the general type of hazard of each of them; and,
d. describe the precautions necessary to prevent unintended ignition of the flammable substance. 2. These hazard signs should advise the action to be taken in an emergency.
H06 Additional warning signs for paint-mixing rooms 1. In addition to the requirements listed above, hazard signs for paint-mixing rooms: a. must state the maximum quantity of flammable liquids permitted to be in the room. b. must state the explosion-protection techniques employed, if any. c.
must state the velocity of air at the point of extraction.
d. Where there is direct access into a spray-booth, must include warning signs positioned at each entrance to that spray-booth that state:
PAINTING IN PROGRESS, NO ENTRY OF UNAUTHORISED PERSONS
2. Further warning signs must state that apparatus energized by outside power supplies must not be
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brought inside the paint-mixing rooms, unless the apparatus is explosion-protected and complies with the relevant Standards.
H07 Signs for storage cabinets Where a class 3.1 hazardous substance is held in a storage cabinet, hazard signs must be fixed to that cabinet signage. These hazard signs must – 1. be clearly visible when the cabinet doors are closed, and 2. be marked with a.
the maximum storage capacity; and,
b. a class 3 hazardous substances label with sides of at least 250mm nominal length; and, c.
a sign in lettering at least 50mm high, bearing the words “NO SMOKING, NO SOURCES OF IGNITION WITHIN 3 m”.
d. The cabinet should also be marked with the name and address of the manufacturer or, for imported cabinets, the distributor within New Zealand Figure H6-1 and H6-2 illustrates an example of a hazard sign for a storage cabinet intended to hold class 3.1 hazardous substances.
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Figure H6-1: Example of a hazard sign for a class 3.1 hazardous substances storage cabinet.
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Figure H6-2: Example of a hazard sign for a class 3.1 hazardous substances storage cabinet
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Appendix I: Vertical locations of stores and workrooms I01 Purpose This informative appendix provides examples describing acceptable locations for hazardous substance stores or work-rooms when they are a room in a building. The purpose is to clarify how ground-level can be defined to meet the requirements of this code. Figure I-1: Examples of acceptable locations for stores or work rooms in a building.
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Appendix J: Hazardous substances and the production of alcoholic beverages This informative appendix provides information on class 3.1 hazardous substances involved in the production of alcoholic beverages.
J01 Ethanol dilutions (alcoholic beverages) and test certification Information is sourced from the Hazardous Substances (Chemicals) Transfer Notice, Schedule 1, Table 3 (page 1679); Schedule 2 (page 1814 – 1828) & Schedule 3, Clause 4 (page 1831). Table 19 : Hazard classifications of ethanol dilutions
Substance
Hazard Classification(s)
Ethanol, >10-24% in a non hazardous diluent
3.1C, 6.4A.
Ethanol, >24-50% in a non hazardous diluent
3.1C, 6.4A.
Ethanol, >50% in a non hazardous diluent
3.1B, 6.4A.
Application of this code is not required for ethanol dilutions listed in table 20 if: a. they are intended for use as an alcoholic beverage; and, b. they are in containers greater than 5 litres capacity at premises used for storing, processing or handling of alcoholic beverages; and, c.
the area where the substance is stored is equipped with a drainage and drenching system and a vapour detector designed and constructed in accordance with – i. Appendix G of AS 1940:2004, The Storage and Handling of Flammable and Combustible Liquids1; or ii. a code of practice approved by the Authority under section 78 of the Act that specifies requirements equivalent to the requirements specified in sub-paragraph (i); and,
e. The containers are constructed of stainless steel, concrete or such other material specified under a code of practice approved by the Authority under Section 78 of the Act. Note that clause G8 FIRE PROTECTION in Appendix G of AS 1940:2004 requires compliance with Section 11 of AS 1940:2004 and that any foam used in fire fighting should be alcohol resistant.
J02 Alcoholic Beverages and Bottle Stores Alcoholic beverages can have a flammable hazardous substance classification. The flammable classification varies depending on the alcohol content and is set out in Table 20.
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Table 20 : Ethanol dilutions, as in the Hazardous substances (Chemicals) Transfer Notice 2006.
Hazard
Substance Name
CAS Number
Ethanol, >10 – 24% in a non hazardous diluent
64-17-5
3.1C, 6.4A
Ethanol, >24 – 50% in a non hazardous diluent
64-17-5
3.1C, 6.4A
Ethanol, >50% in a non hazardous diluent
64-17-5
3.1B, 6.4A
Classification(s)
It is recognised that at the lower concentrations wines and fortified wines for example are unlikely to sustain combustion. However, the ability of some alcoholic beverages to burn is well known. Bottle stores are able to stock containers up to and including 20 litres of alcoholic beverages without requiring a sprinkler system. The need for a sprinkler system is not mandatory but is provided as equivalent to obtaining a location test certificate. This option is largely for manufacturers and large scale suppliers, hence the reference in the rules to containers constructed of stainless steel, concrete or such other materials specified under a code of practice. Where a location does not have a sprinkler system, the person in charge may be required to obtain a location test certificate from a test certifier. In considering the need for a location test certificate, a 37% alcohol by volume beverage (the typical tipple) will have a classification 3.1C. A location may hold 500 litres in containers greater than 5 litres, e.g. 25 x 20 litre containers, before needing a location test certificate and without the need to consider the smaller containers. If the containers are opened and the spirits are dispensed or decanted the quantity reduces to 250 litres, but it is only the 20 litre containers that must be considered. The level of secondary containment will depend on the quantities stored. The threshold quantity for Ethanol, >50% in a non hazardous diluent is 1,000 litres and the threshold for >10 – 50% in a non hazardous diluent 10,000 litres. This applies only to the stock in containers of 5 litres and greater, and if the beverage in those containers is more than 15% alcohol by volume. It is unlikely that a typical bottle store will require containment. An approved handler will be required if more than 250 litres (in containers greater than 5 litres) of alcoholic beverage with an alcohol content exceeding 50% is stored. Again, this is unlikely to be the case at a bottle store.
J03 Alcoholic beverages classed as a food? From time to time the question comes up, should alcoholic beverages be classed as a food? Regulation 6 of the Hazardous Substances (Minimum Degrees of Hazard) Regulations makes provision for foods to be exempt unless they were covered by Part 13 – 15 of the Act. This was the case with alcoholic beverages. In some situations these were covered by Part 14, the transitional provisions for Dangerous Goods. When these Transitional Provisions were repealed, alcoholic beverages were transferred into the main framework of the HSNO legislation, with the same degree of regulatory control, by way of the Hazardous Substances (Chemicals) Transfer Notice. Note that in no cases are alcoholic beverages in containers less than 5 litres
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captured by the HSNO legislation.
J04 Bulk Storage of Ethanol Ethanol dilutions listed in Schedule 1, Table 3, of the Hazardous Substances (Chemicals) Transfer Notice have specific changes to controls listed in Schedule 2 of the transfer notice relating to: •
Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001; and
•
Schedule 8 and Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 (as amended).
The wording in Schedule 2 of the Hazardous Substances (Chemicals) Transfer Notice refers to ethanol dilutions that can be used as a beverage. This means that nothing further needs to be done to the ethanol dilution, i.e. it can be drunk as is. Changes to the controls therefore do not apply to the storage of ethanol (bulk or drums), in any dilution which is not an alcoholic beverage. Such ethanol dilutions must therefore comply with both the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001 and Schedule 8 and Schedule 10 of the Hazardous Substances (Dangerous Goods and Scheduled Toxic Substances) Transfer Notice 2004 (as amended), as appropriate. For ethanol dilutions that are considered to be alcoholic beverages the applicability of Appendix G of AS 1940:2004 be recognised. This appendix only applies to “bulk potable spirits”, and to “traditional methods of production … at existing installations”. •
Existing installations holding dilutions with an alcohol content greater than 60%, and quantities greater than 60,000 litres, are required to comply with the main body of AS 1940:2004.
•
All new installations are required to comply with the main body of AS 1940:2004.
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Appendix K: Ventilation This appendix covers the general principles of ventilation. It is a normative appendix. Work-rooms that contain class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C flammable liquids must have ventilation to withdraw and discharge any accumulation of flammable vapour into the open air so as not to endanger the location or any adjacent areas. Stores that contain class 3.1A, 3.1B, or 3.1C flammable liquids should also have ventilation that withdraws and discharges flammable vapour. This appendix distinguishes the requirements for ventilation under: •
Natural ventilation
•
Mechanical ventilation
Workplace exposure standards, as given in WEI-BEI, may impose additional requirements on the provision of ventilation which must be met.
K01 Definitions applicable to this appendix Hazardous atmosphere zone Means a zone in which an explosive atmosphere is present, or may be expected to be present, in quantities such as to require special precautions for the construction, installation and use of potential ignition sources. For ventilation with respect to hazardous atmosphere zones, the relevant part of AS/NZS 2430 or the AS/NZS 60079 series of standards should be consulted. Refer to Appendix A for further information on Hazardous atmosphere zones. Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, The LEL is the concentration of flammable gas, vapour or mist in standard air, below which an explosive gas atmosphere will not be formed at 20°C and at 101.3 kPa absolute pressure. Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) As defined in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001, The UEL is the concentration of flammable gas, vapour or mist in standard air, above which an explosive gas atmosphere will not be formed.
K02 General requirements for all ventilation 1. The extent of the hazardous atmosphere zone will depend on the quality of the ventilation system provided. Ventilation should be sufficient to maintain the ambient concentration of vapours in the store or work-room below the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) such that, under normal operating conditions, the concentration of vapours will not exceed 25% of the lower flammable limit of those vapours. 2. Typically for work-rooms, the ventilation system should be capable of effecting at least 12 complete
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changes of air per hour where class 3.1A or class 3.1B hazardous substances are held, and 6 complete changes of air per hour where class 3.1C hazardous substances are held. There may be circumstances where 12 air changes are insufficient. References should be made to standards where these particular circumstances exist. 3. Any vent opening inside the store or work-room must be provided with barriers in both the inside and outside of the wall where necessary, so that the vent cannot be blocked. 4. Where a vent passes through a cavity wall, or where the wall is made of cavity bricks or blocks, a sleeve must be provided to prevent vapour from leaking into the cavities. 5. Any vent opening must be covered with a metal wire mesh, fixed louvres, lattice or the like, and must not exceed a surface area of 0.5m2. If below 1.5m in height the vents will require flash resistant gauze of 500 microns. 6. All ignition sources must be excluded from a three metre zone from the vent opening, inside and outside. 7. Vapours from flammable liquids are heavier than air, so the ventilation system should be designed to scavenge vapours from the lower parts of the store. It may be necessary to assess the velocity of the capture point to ensure it is sufficient to move the heavier flammable molecules. 8. The ventilation system must be checked on an annual basis and verified for functionality.
K03 General requirements for natural ventilation 1. Natural ventilation systems must meet the general requirements for ventilation, specified in Section K02 of this code. If natural ventilation is provided it must be recognised that ti is likely to compromise the building type. It is likely that mechanical ventilation needs to be provided in order to maintain the integrity of the building type. 2. Any natural ventilation system should comprise one of the following, as appropriate to the design of the work-room or store a. At least two walls should be completely open to the outside atmosphere. A wall of wire mesh, or of fixed louvres, lattice or the like, having at least 50% of its area as openings, is considered completely open; or, b. One wall should be completely open to the outside atmosphere, with no other vents, provided that the distance to, and the length of, the opposite wall do not exceed the length of the open wall; or, c.
Ventilation should be in one external wall, provided that the wall is at least 6 metres long and the opposite wall is not more than 5 metres away from it; or,
d. One wall should open to the outside atmosphere, with vents in one opposite or adjacent wall; or, e. Vents should be in two opposing walls. 3. Vents should be:
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a. located along the longest sides of the building or room; and, b. positioned to limit areas where there is no effective ventilation; and, c.
in the case of large stores or work-rooms on adjacent walls andi. larger than 0.1 square metre in stores ii. and larger than 0.15 square metre in work-rooms
Vent size and location 1. There should be one low-level vent in each three metre length of wall, or in each 1.4 metre length of external wall where there is only one external wall. Where there is only one such vent, it should be located centrally in the length of the wall. In a work-room: a. Low-level vents should consist of openings immediately above the upper limit of the secondary containment system. b. High-level vents should consist of an equal area of openings to the low-level vents, positioned above the highest package and to ensure effective movement of air. 2. Any storage platform (except for a solid-filled type) should be provided with under-deck ventilation by means of vent openings on opposite sides, having an area of at least 0.1 square metre for each 1.2 metre length.
K04 General requirements for mechanical ventilation 1. Mechanical ventilation systems must meet the general requirements for ventilation, as specified in Section K02 of this code. 2. Ventilation fans must be suitable for hazardous atmosphere zones, such that: a. relevant potential ignition sources, e.g. frictional sparking, static electricity and hot spots, must be taken into account when selecting and installing fans; and, b. fan blades and nearby components must be made of materials that have minimal potential for giving off sparks when struck. 3. Materials known to be unsatisfactory include steel with steel, or steel with aluminium, or aluminiummagnesium alloys. Refer to Appendix A for more information on hazardous atmosphere zones. 4. The termination points within the store or work-room for both the fresh-air supply and the draw-off ducts should be: a. immediately above the upper limit of the secondary containment system; and, b. on opposite walls; and, c.
located along the longest side of the store or work-room for optimum effect; and,
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d. if a single fan is adopted, the fan should be in the exhaust duct; and, e. the air supply may be in the form of natural ventilation in an external wall at low level; or f.
as given with a relevant standard.
5. The distance between any two inlets or any two outlets should not exceed 5 metres. 6. If the ventilation system incorporates fans on both the supply and exhaust ducts, the capacities of the fans should be so adjusted that the room is under negative pressure, i.e. the capacities of the fans on the exhaust ducts should be greater than those on the supply ducts. 7. The system should be provided with an airflow failure-warning device. 8. Any intake or exhaust duct should terminate in open air – a. at a minimum of three metres above the ground; and, b. at a minimum of two metres from any opening into a building; and, c.
at a minimum of four metres from the outlet of any chimney or flue.
9. The external termination of any inlet duct should be at a minimum of five metres from the external termination of any exhaust duct. 10. Any duct that passes through a building or room, other than the store or work-room, should be protected by suitable material. For example, having a minimum Fire-Resistance Rating of 120/120/120 FRR. 11. The system should be designed so that it operates: a. continuously; or, b. whenever work is being carried out in the store or work-room; or, c.
whenever a person is in the store or work-room.
K05 Ventilation in a paint-mixing room Specific requirements for the ventilation of paint-mixing rooms are in accordance with AS/NZS 4114.1:2003, and include: 1. The exhaust’s minimum rate of exhaustion should be 1.0 m3 per 1 m2 of the floor area per minute. Vapours from flammable liquids are heavier than air, so the ventilation system should be designed to scavenge vapours from the lower parts of the store. 2. Treatment of exhaust air must meet the following requirements: a. The outlets and inlets must be located as to avoid unnecessary turbulence and so prevent the formation of pockets of vapour within the booth. b. Air must be exhausted into the atmosphere to a location where it does not cause contamination of other air used for building or equipment ventilation. As a minimum requirement the outlet must be
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three metres above the building roof and shall discharge vertically. c.
All paint-mixing rooms must have an exhaust fan(s) suitable for their intended use.
d. The contaminated exhaust air should be extracted at floor level. e. Extraction should also be fitted at bench-level. 3. The paint-mixing room must operate at a negative pressure, compared with adjacent spaces. 4. A filter system must be provided to avoid the build-up or settlement of particles in the exhaust system.
Figure K-01: Examples of naturally ventilated stores or work-rooms.
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Figure K-02: Examples of equivalent methods of natural ventilation.
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Appendix L: Prevention of ignition This informative appendix discusses the importance of the prevention of ignition of flammable liquids occurring, and the requirement to reduce the likelihood of unintended ignition, as specified in the Hazardous Substances (Classes 1 to 5 Controls) Regulations 2001.
Prevention of ignition Preventing ignition 1. This code provides the requirements for minimising the impact of unintended ignition of hazardous substances. However, the emphasis on prevention of ignition in the first instance is paramount. 2. In locations where flammable liquids are held, precautions must be taken to prevent ignition by eliminating or controlling sources of ignition. Sources of ignition include, but are not limited to, the following : Open flames
Frictional heat or sparks
Lightning
Static electricity
Hot surfaces
Electrical arcs and sparks
Radiant heat
Stray currents
Smoking
Ovens, furnaces, and other heating equipment
Cutting and welding
Automotive vehicles
Spontaneous ignition
Material-handling equipment
3. Smoking must be strictly prohibited, except in designated smoking areas. 4. Ventilation should be provided to meet the criteria set out in Appendix K . 5. Hazardous atmosphere zone requirements must be met, as outlined in Appendix A . 6. Hazard signs must be conspicuously located at the access points to every location where flammable liquids are held. Appendix H provides further details on hazard sign requirements.
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Appendix M: Fire protection This normative appendix defines the criteria for providing fire protection for class 3.1A, 3.1B or 3.1C hazardous substances, as specified in the Hazardous Substances (Emergency Management) Regulations 2001.
Fire extinguishers 1. Every store or work-room must have the number of fire extinguishers specified in Table 25 if the hazardous substances present, or are likely to be present, exceed the quantities in Table 25. 2. If substances of two or more hazard classifications are held in a store or work-room, or reasonably likely to be held in the store or work-room on occasion a. the numbers of fire extinguishers are not cumulative; and b. it is enough to have the highest of the numbers of fire extinguishers specified for substances of the various classifications. 3. Every fire extinguisher required in a store or work-room must be so located that the distance of travel between it and the hazardous substances concerned is no more than 30 metres 4. There should be one fire extinguisher located next to the door, kept in a secure location outside the store or work-room. 5. Each fire extinguisher required in a store or work-room must have a minimum capacity of 30B. This should be marked on the extinguisher. Table 25: Quantities of class 3.1 hazardous substances in a store requiring fire extinguishers
Hazard classification
Quantity (litres)
Number of extinguishers
50 L
1
200 L
2
Class 3.1B
250 L
2
Class 3.1C
500 L
2
Class 3.1A
Information from the Hazardous Substances (Emergency Management) Regulations 2001, Schedule 3.
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Grant Thornton House, (Level 10), 215 Lambton Quay, Wellington 6011, New Zealand
