LNG – Production, Safety, Benefits
New Fortress Energy Overview
New Fortress Energy (“NFE”) is a fully integrated LNG, logistics, and infrastructure business that delivers energy solutions to customers in the transportation, power generation, and industrial sectors.
New Fortress Energy’s Assets Gas Supply Miami Liquefaction Plant
Logistics Services
To date, our portfolio features:
Offtake
An operating liquefaction facility in Miami, FL
ISO Containers
Power Plants Small Ship
Rocket Ships
Marine
Trucks
Industrial
Big Ship
ISO containers, big / small LNG ships, and pipelines to facilitate the delivery of natural gas Multiple import / export terminals under construction in Jamaica
New Fortress Energy is an affiliate of Fortress Investment Group LLC
Terminal
Rail
(NYSE:FIG) 2
What is Liquefied Natural Gas?
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is simply natural gas cooled to its liquid form at -260°F and stored at atmospheric pressure. By cooling natural gas to liquid form, it can be safely and easily transported to end users that don’t have access to a natural gas pipeline.
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Facility Operations What happens at the facility
What does NOT happen at the facility
Gas is sourced from interstate pipeline
No storage or production of toxic materials
Gas is purified
No storage or production of explosive materials
CO2, water and small amounts of heavy hydrocarbons are removed from the gas Heavy hydrocarbons are collected as a secondary product
No drilling or gas exploration
Gas is liquefied to -260°F LNG is stored and loaded in approved shipping containers for movement by truck, ship or rail
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LNG Production Proven technology used for years in international markets LNG Plant Natural gas pipeline
Removal of impurities
Liquefaction
LNG
Rail and Truck Application LNG tank cars
LNG as cargo
LNG as fuel
End Markets Marine
Power Other HHP Industries 5
LNG Safety LNG has safety advantages over other hydrocarbon fuels
If LNG is released into the atmosphere or spills, the liquid quickly vaporizes, leaving behind no residues. LNG is not flammable in its liquid state. Auto Ignition Points:
LNG is not pressurized and is only flammable in its vapor state in a narrow mixture range of 5-15% with air.
Non-toxic
Colorless
Odorless
Natural Gas: 1004°F Diesel: 480°F
Not corrosive
Not pressurized
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LNG Transportation Safety
LNG is transported in doublehulled ISO containers: Ability to monitor volume, pressure and location More robust than tanks for other fuels and chemicals Undergo rigorous safety inspections Approved by U.S. Department of Transportation for movement on ship and roads
Over the last 30 years, billions of gallons have been transported within the U.S., and there have been no LNG related injuries.
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Benefits of Natural Gas Numerous environmental benefits vs. distillate fuels Significant decrease in CO2, NOx, and SOx emissions Converting to Natural Gas Will Help Clean Up the Environment 100MW conversion equals displacing approximately 40k passenger vehicles per year
CO2
NOx 220
170
150 120 120 90 60 30
–
Oil
Gas
Coal
3,000 2,600
600
500
490
480
400 300 200
100 100 –
(lbs per bn btu of energy consumed)
180
700 (lbs per bn btu of energy consumed)
(lbs per bn btu of energy consumed)
210
SOx
2,500
2,000
1,500 1,200 1,000
500 10
Oil
Gas
Coal
–
Oil
Gas
Coal
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Why Natural Gas? Less expensive than diesel for comparable energy output $11 natural gas is equivalent to $55 diesel(1)
Relatively stable delivered price vs. oil based fuels Since 2008 natural gas prices have been considerably less volatile vs. oil(2)
Cleaner burning and more environmentally friendly Natural gas produces the lowest amount of CO2 emissions of the fossil fuels(3)
Natural Gas vs. Oil Prices(2) ($/barrel oil equivalent)
2.6x
5 - 15x
$140 $120 $100 $80 $60 $40 $20 $0
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
Henry Hub (natural gas)
WTI (oil)
1) Based on management’s internal estimates of turbine technology, fuel efficiencies, capex, and opex. 2) Bloomberg, Henry Hub vs. WTI. 3) U.S. Energy Information Administration, June 2015. Analysis compares the amount of CO 2 emitted per unit of energy output or heat content to analyze emissions across fuels.
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