LIST OF WORDS OCCURING FREQUENTLY IN

THE COPTIC NEW TESTAMENT (SAHIDIC DIALECT) COMPILED BY

BRUCE M. METZGER Professor of New Testament Language and Literature Princeton Theological Seminary and Honorary Fellow and Corresponding Member Higher Institute of Coptic Studies, Cairo

LEIDEN E. J. BRILL 1961

Copyright 1961 by E. J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or translated in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without written permission from the publisher.

Printed in the Netherlands

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PREFACE The pedagogical usefulness of word-lists for one beginning the study of a language is widely recognized, and many such lists have long been available for students of the Classical, Germanic, and Romance language. Happily the house of Brill has seen the desirability of publishing similar propaedeutic helps for students of certain Semitic and Hamitic languages. The labor of compiling the present lists could not have been undertaken prior to the publication of Michel Wilmet’s monumental Concordance du Nouveau Testament sahidique; II, Les mots autochtones (Louvain, 1957-59). It was decided not to include Coptic words of Greek origin (which are available in L. Th. Lefort’s Concordance), for undoubtedly most of those who begin the study of Coptic have some previous knowledge of Greek. The beginner in Coptic will be interested to know that, as compared with a total of 1,055 dufferent Greek words (other than proper names) which occur ten times or more in the Greek New Testament, there are 643 Coptic words used ten times or more in the Sahidic New Testament. Unlike the system adopted in the compiler’s Lexical Aids for Students of New Testament Greek, it was not found practicable to arrange the Coptic words by roots. They are alphabetized in accordance with the principles enunciated by Georg Steindorff. The definitions given here are in terms of New Testament usage; for fuller definitions, it is recommended that the student consult the standard works of Wilhelm Spiegelberg (Koptisches Handwörterbuch,

Heidelberg, 1921) and W. E. Crum (A Coptic Dictionary, Oxford, 1939). Princeton Theological Seminary Princeton, New Jersey BRUCE M. METZGER

Transcribed by Ambrose Boles [email protected] http://www.geocities.com/ambroseboles Date of publication: 15th February 2006 (version 1)

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21. jw

LIST I

to say, speak, tell

Words occurring more than 1000 times 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

An Anok Auw Bol e-> ero¹ Ebol Eire Mnn=n> =mmo¹

11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Na¹ Noute =n[iP(e)Pai ] Swpe H=nhrai> ehrai Je-

negative particle I and outside to, for, as regards out, forth to make, do with, and with, by; to, for genitival particle; also indicates object of verb with objective suffixes God namely the this to give to become, befall, be in, at, on, by upward, downward that, because

LIST II Words occurring 500-1000 times 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

Bwk Ei Ejn-> ejw¹ Kw mau> mmau Nau Nim =nhyt¹ Peje-> peja¹ Rwme Tyr¹ Syre Ha-> haro¹

35. 36. 37. 38.

Hit=n-> hitoot¹ Ji Joeic -[e

to go, depart to come, go upon, over, for, to to place, set, permit there to look, see every, all in, from to say man, human being all, whole, every son, daughter, child under, from, for, concerning through, by, from to receive, take, bring Lord, lord then, therefore

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LIST III Words occurring 300-499 times EtbeEiwt> plu. eiote KeLaau Ma Mou Nyu (Qual.) =n;e Nouje No[ On pe> te> ne pe> plu. pyue con> plu. cnyu Cwt=m Coou=n Ou Ouaab (Qual.) Ou=nte-> ou=nt¹> ou=nta¹ 58. Ouws 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57.

because of, concerning father other, even, also no one, nothing place to die to go as, just as to throw, cast great, large again, also, still it is, there are heaven brother to hear to know what? who? pure, holy to have to desire, wish

59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66.

Sa-> saro¹ Saje hi> hiww¹ Hww¹ hwb> plu. hbyue Hoou Jekac [om

to, toward word, saying on, at, thus, and self, also thing, work, event day in order that power, strength

LIST IV Words occurring 200-299 times 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73.

Ecyt Eoou Esje Ehoun eyi> yei Kah =mm=n-> m=n-

74. Moute 75. Myyse 76. Moose

downward honor, glory if to, toward house earth, soil there is not, are not; no one to speak, call multitude, many to walk, go

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77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98.

Nobe =nte-> =nta¹ Ran Chai chime> plu. hiome Tenou Twoun Oua Ouwm Ou=nOuon Ouwn=h Ouoeis Ouws=b Ouwh Wnh Sor=p Saje Fi He Hyt jwk

sin genitival particle name to write woman, wife now to raise, arise one to eat there is, are some one, something to show, manifest, appear time to answer to put, set, dwell in, follow to live; life first, earliest to speak, say to bear, carry, take manner; thus, as heart, mind to fill, fulfill

LIST V

Words occurring 100-199 times 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119.

Aherat¹ Eneh -eryu Etbyyt¹ Eswpe Eime Eine EicKwte Me (1) Me (2) Mou Mauaa¹ Meeue M=n=nca-> m=n=ncw¹ M=nteM=ntero> m=nt=rro> plu. M=nt=rrwou M=ntre =mto Moout Mouout

to stand age; eternal each other because of, concerning if to know, understand to bring, bear behold! to turn, return, surround truth to love death alone, single thought, mind after not to have kingdom, reign witness, testimony before, in front of dead to kill

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120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140.

Nim Nanou¹ =nt=n-> =ntoot¹ =nteunou =nhouo Oeik Pwt ro> rw¹ =rpe =rro> plu. =rrwou Rase cwb> plu. cbooue Cmy Cnau cop> c=p> cwwp Cwouh taouo>tauo Tajro Ouoein Ouwt Oujai

141. Sine 142. Swp

who? good in, by, with, beside immediately more, rather, very bread to run, flee, go mouth, door temple king, Caesar to rejoice; joy doctrine, teaching voice two occasion, time to gather to send to make strong, firm light single, alone, one to be whole, safe; salvation to seek, ask to receive, take, buy, suffer

143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159.

He He eHiy> plu. hiooue Hoeine Hmooc Hmot H=mhal Hareh Hote Hah Hij=n-> hijw¹ JinJpo Joou [w [ws=t [ij

to fall to find road, way some, certain to sit, dwell, marry grace servant, slave to keep, guard to fear many, much upon, over from, since to beget, acquire to send to continue, remain to look, see hand

LIST VI Words occurring 76-99 times 160. Amahte 161. Bal

to prevail, grasp, rule eye

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162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. 177. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185.

Bwl Eie Koui Maein M=ntcnoouc Maau moou> plu. moueiooue meeue Mour Mouh Nase-> nasw¹ Nahr=n-> nahra¹ Pw¹ Poua Pws Cw cobte> cofte Cnof Cas=f T=bbo Taeio Tako Talo Tamo

to loosen then small, few sign, wonder twelve mother water to think to bind, gird, tie to fill, complete many, great in presence of, before possessive pronoun each to divide, break to drink to be ready, prepare blood seven to cleanse, purify honor to destroy, perish to lift up, go up to tell, inform

186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. 192. 193. 194. 195. 196. 197. 198. 199. 200. 201. 202. 203. 204. 205.

T=nnoou ]-ouoei tounoc taseoeis Twh=m Ouwn Oueryte Wne Slyl Sym Som=nt Spyre =sse> se Hy> hyt¹ Hwn houo> epehouo joi> plu. ejyu Jnou Jice [=m[om

to send to go forward, approach to raise, set up to proclaim, preach to call, invite to open, be open foot stone to pray small, little three wonder, amazement it is fitting, necessary beginning; forward to approach, draw near great, greatly, very boat to ask, inquire to be high, exalt to be strong, able

LIST VII Words occurring 51-75 times

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206. 207. 208. 209. 210. 211. 212. 213. 214. 215. 216. 217. 218. 219. 220. 221. 222. 223. 224. 225. 226. 227. 228.

ape> plu. apyue As As =nhe Ahro¹ Aj=nB=rre emate> =mmate Ene Eryt Etoot¹ EhoueEine Kake Kro Kwt Kto Kwh=t Lo M=ntm=ntre =m=psa Merit Myte =nka

head who? what? how? what? why? without new, young greatly, very if to vow, promise, devote to more, rather than, than to resemble; likeness darkness shore, father side to build, edify to turn, return, surround fire to cease, stop, to healed testimony to be worthy beloved middle thing, everything

229. 230. 231. 232. 233. 234. 235. 236. 237. 238. 239. 240. 241. 242. 243. 244. 245. 246. 247. 248. 249. 250. 251. 252.

Petnanou¹ Pe;oou Rime rompe R=mmao cmou Cop=c Cwt=p Coou=n Cah Twn Toou> plu. toueiy Taho Oua Ounam Ounou Ouws=t Ousy Ouehcahne wp sbyr> plu. sbeer Sipe Swwt Stort=r

good evil, wickedness to weep year rich man to bless, praise to ask, beseech, comfort to choose; chosen knowledge teacher where? mountain to stand blasphemy right hand hour to worship night to command to count, number, reckon friend, comrade to shame, be ashamed to cut, sacrifice to be disturbed, troubled

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253. 254. 255. 256. 257. 258. 259. 260. 261.

Hae Ho Hap hwp Hice Hat=nHioue Jo Jin=nsor=p

262. [on=c

last, end face judgment to hide, to hidden to toil, be troubled beside, at, with to strike, beat, cast to sow, plant first, before, from the beginning injustice, unrighteousness

LIST VIII Words occurring 41-50 times 263. 264. 265. 266. 267.

Ale Acpe B=lle =mmon Mine

268. Mocte 269. Maaje 270. Naiat¹

to go up language blind person no, if not of such kind, nature, quality to hate ear blessed

271. 272. 273. 274. 275. 276. 277. 278. 279. 280. 281. 282. 283. 284. 285. 286. 287. 288. 289. 290. 291. 292. 293. 294.

=ntof Nau Py Pwwne Ptyr=f poou> =mpoou Racte Roous Ref=rnobe =rhouo Ceepe Cop=c Copc=p Tamio Tapro Tcabo Toot¹ ]ou ouoei> ouoi Skak S=mse steko> plu. stekwou Ftoou Ho(e)ite

but, rather hour, time that to change, turn the whole, all (creation) today morrow to have care for; anxiety sinner to exceed remainder, rest prayer, exhortation to ask, beseech, comfort to make, create mouth to teach, show hand five woe! to cry out to serve, worship prison four garment

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295. 296. 297. 298. 299. 300. 301.

hathy> ha;y Hwt=b Hyu Hoou Jwwme [wl=p [wpe

in front of, before to kill to benefit, profit bad, wicked, evil book to uncover, open, reveal to seize, take

LIST IX Words occurring 31-40 times 302. 303. 304. 305. 306. 307. 308. 309. 310. 311. 312. 313.

Amou Askak Beke Eloole Erat¹ Ecoou Yr=p eia> eiat¹ Kim Mouk=h =mmin> =mmo¹ Mate

come! to cry out wage grape to sheep wine eye to move, be moved to afflict, oppress one’s own, self only

314. 315. 316. 317. 318. 319. 320. 321. 322. 323. 324. 325. 326. 327. 328. 329. 330. 331. 332. 333. 334. 335. 336. 337.

Matoi =mton Mehsom=nt Na Noub =nkot=k =ncaNouh=m Nouj Pwr=j Pwh=t Ry C=bbe Cmine Cmot Cwse Cyfe Coohe Tb=t> tyb=t Tako Tal[o ]me> tme Tmaeio Tont=n

soldier to be at rest third to have pity, mercy gold, golden to sleep except to save, rescue lying, false to divide, separate to bend, fall sun circumcision to establish, set in order form, pattern, manner field, country sword to be upright, withdraw fish destruction, ruin to heal village to justify to be like, liken to

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338. 339. 340. 341. 342. 343. 344. 345. 346. 347. 348. 349. 350. 351. 352. 353. 354. 355. 356. 357. 358. 359. 360. 361.

Tyu ]hty¹ ;=bbio Toujo Ouyyb ws Se So Sibe Slyl Swne Sousou Sojne Hieib Hyke Hwn hne-> hna¹> ehna¹ Hap=c Hros Hoout Ja(e)ie J=n> jeJro Jwh

wind to look to, pay heed to to be humble to save, be saved priest to read hundred thousand to change, be changed prayer to be weak to boast counsel, design lamb poor to command to be willing, think good it is needful, necessary to be heavy, slow man, husband desert or to be strong, victorious to touch

362. 363. 364. 365. 366.

Jwhm jaje> plu. jijeeue [ol [ine [epy> hnou[epy

to be defiled, unclean enemy lie, liar to find quickly

LIST X Words occurring 26-30 times 367. a-> na368. 369. 370. 371. 372. 373. 374. 375. 376. 377. 378. 379.

Mokmek M=ntr=mmao =mton Mehcnau =mhaau> =mhaou Na Noeik Pwh Pahre Pwh=t Rmhe roeic

about (used with numerals) to think, ponder; thought riches, wealth rest, ease, relief second tomb, cave pity, mercy to commit adultery to reach, attain, succeed to heal to pour, flow free person to be awake, watch

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380. 381. 382. 383. 384. 385. 386. 387. 388. 389. 390. 391. 392. 393. 394. 395. 396.

Cwr=m Ciou Coout=n Cws T=bbo Twm=t> twm=nt Oubas Syn Wr=k Swwt Soueit sousou> souso Hko hroou> hra¹ Hice Hitoun-> hitouw¹ htooue

to be lost, err star to be straight, upright to despise, scorn purification to meet, befall to be white tree to swear (an oath) to cut, be lacking; sacrifice empty, vain boasting, pride to be hungry voice, sound labor, weariness beside, next; neighbor dawn, at dawn

LIST XI Words occurring 21-25 times 397. Amyitn 398. Amahte

come! power

399. 400. 401. 402. 403. 404. 405. 406. 407. 408. 409. 410. 411. 412. 413. 414. 415. 416. 417. 418. 419. 420. 421. 422.

Apot A;yt> athyu Asai Eiw Kykahyu Kloole Klom K=nte Krof Kwte =mmyne =mpoue M=rre myt> m=ntMise =ncaNofre Rwk=h Rouhe Rwh=t Cabe Cwbe Cmou Cwne

cup without mind, senseless to become many, multiply to wash to strip, make naked cloud crown fig guile round about daily far chain, bond ten to fight, attack behind, after, at profit, advantage to burn evening to strike, hit wise to laugh, mock blessing daughter

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423. 424. 425. 426. 427. 428. 429. 430. 431. 432. 433. 434. 435. 436. 437. 438. 439. 440. 441. 442. 443. 444. 445. 446.

Cwn=t Cate Couo Chai Cahou C[yr Twk Tanho tpe> =ntpe ]twn Tws T[aeio> [aeio Ouyr Wbs Wr=j Ws Wh=c Sa (1) Sa (2) Si Sb=r=rhwb Seleet S=mmo Swne

creation fire wheat, grain writing, letter to curse to sail to strengthen to make alive, be alive above, over, up strife to limit, determine to condemn how great, many, much? to be forgotten; sleep firmness, assurance to cry out to reap to rise, shine festival measure, weight fellow-worker bridge; marriage stranger weakness

447. 448. 449. 450. 451. 452. 453. 454. 455. 456. 457.

Styn Sooue Hy Hwb=c H=bcw halyt> plu. halate Hme hre Hir=nHat Hwt=p

Jwwre (1) Jwwre (2) Jwr=p [lo[ [ro[> [roo[> plu. [rww[ 463. [ot 458. 459. 460. 461. 462.

garment to be dry belly, womb to cover, be covered garment bird forty food at, upon silver to be reconciled; sink (sun, stars) to bring to naught, hinder to be strong, mighty to stumble, trip bed seed size, age, form

LIST XII Words occurring 17-20 times

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464. 465. 466. 467. 468. 469. 470. 471. 472. 473. 474. 475. 476. 477. 478. 479. 480. 481. 482. 483. 484. 485. 486. 487.

Anai Ac Aho ebot> plu. ebate Epahou Eibe eiero> iero Kwt kwh Lac Moone M=ntatc=bbe Na Naa¹ Name Noune No[ne[ Pwr=s Pwr=j Pwh Rat¹ Ca ce> n = ce cei> ci

to be pleasing, pleasant old storehouse, treasury month behind, backward thirst river building, edification envy, zeal tongue, language to pasture, feed uncircumcision to go great truly root to reproach, mock to spread, stretch separation, division to break, burst, tear foot side, part yes to be filled

488. 489. 490. 491. 492. 493. 494. 495. 496. 497. 498. 499. 500. 501. 502. 503. 504.

C=bbe Coeit Cwk Coone Cwn=t C=nte Cwte Cwt=m Twwbe Twr=p ;ab Ouaa¹> ouaat¹ Ouw Oube¹> ouby¹ Ouoeie Oueine Ouwn

505. 506. 507. 508. 509. 510.

Ouwc=f Ouwh=m Wc=k Swc Stort=r fw> bw

to circumcise fame, report to draw, gather robber custom foundation to redeem; ransom hearing to repay, requite to seize, rob leaven alone, self to cease; already opposite, toward, against farmer to pass by part; (in composition with a numeral) to annul, bring to naught to answer, reply to delay, continue flock, herd disturbance, trouble hair

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511. 512. 513. 514. 515. 516. 517. 518. 519. 520.

Fw[e> bw[e Hibol Hom=nt hto> plu. htwwr hof> plu. hboui Jpio Jero [wwle [wn=t [erwb

to leap, seize, rob outside copper, bronze, money horse serpent to blame, upbraid to burn, kindle to clothe, cover wrath staff, rod

LIST XIII Words occurring 13-16 times 521. 522. 523. 524. 525. 526. 527. 528. 529.

anas> plu. anaus Atnahte Atcoou=n At[om EtbejeYpe K=mto Kwn=c =mkah

oath to be unbelieving to be ignorant powerless, unable because number earthquake to pierce, slay pain, difficulty

530. 531. 532. 533. 534. 535. 536. 537. 538. 539. 540. 541. 542. 543.

Moun Mooun M=ntna M=ntr=m=nryt =m=ntr=mras M=ntatnahte M=nthar=shyt Mace =noues=n-> oues=nNahte pei> pi Patseleet Pws=c Rw

544. 545. 546. 547. 548. 549. 550. 551. 552.

Rwse Refjioue Cine Cwn=t Caan=s cto> t=cto cas> plu. cyse Cwwf Cy[

to remain, continue to come to land, into port alms wisdom gentleness unbelief long-suffering calf without to trust, believe kiss bridegroom to be amazed, turn aside indeed, even, but (often untranslatable) to be sufficient thief to pass through, across to create to nourish, rear to disqualify, annul stroke, blow, sore to defile, pollute foal

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553. 554. 555. 556. 557. 558. 559. 560. 561. 562. 563. 564. 565. 566. 567. 568. 569. 570. 571. 572. 573. 574. 575. 576.

Cy[ (Qual.) Co[ Co[=n Tba Twm=c Tco Touo Tos Twh=c Tww[e> tw[e (1) Tww[e> tw[e (2) Ouw Ou(e)eienin Wh=c Se S=mse Sine Sonte sne> plu. snyu S=nhty¹ Stam Hybe Haibec Hyb=c

to be paralyzed fool ointment ten thousand to bury to give to drink to show border, limit to anoint to be joined, cleave to to paint news, report Greek harvest wood service, worship inquiry thorn-bush net to have compassion on to shut, be shut grief, mourning shadow lamp

577. 578. 579. 580. 581. 582. 583. 584. 585. 586. 587.

Hbour Hipahou Hr=b H=rsire Houeit Jw Jw¹ Joeit [ale [wm> plu. [oom [epy

left hand behind, after form, likeness youth first, beginning cup head olive tree lame; a cripple field, possession to hasten

LIST XIV Words occurring 10-12 times 588. 589. 590. 591. 592. 593. 594. 595.

Aiai Am=nte Atcwt=m Er=nehe> ahe Eiwr=h Kwl=j Kas

to increase Hades disobedience to, upon yes to see, perceive to bend reed, pen

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596. 597. 598. 599. 600. 601. 602. 603. 604.

Kwh Loi[e Maab M=ntr=mhe M=nt[wb =mpo Mice Mesak Mous=t

605. 606. 607. 608. 609. 610. 611. 612. 613. 614. 615. 616. 617. 618.

Mehcas=f noun Neh Nou[=c Obhe Oce Ohe Pat R=meiy> plu. R=meiooue Co Coou T=bny Telyl Twm

to be zealous cause, excuse thirty freedom weakness speechless, dumb to bear, bring forth perhaps to search out, reflect, consider seventh abyss oil to be angry tooth loss, damage fold (for sheep) knee tear(s) to spare, refrain six beast to rejoice to shut

619. 620. 621. 622. 623. 624. 625. 626. 627. 628. 629. 630. 631. 632. 633. 634. 635. 636. 637. 638. 639. 640. 641. 642.

Tanhout Tap Tooue Twh ;=bbio Twh=m Ouw Ww Si Sabol Sb=rh=mhal Sors=r Sah H=llo Hnaau H=nous=cne Harw¹ Hwt Hihy Jo Ji-moeit Ji-]pe jouwt [in[wr

to trust, believe horn shoe to be mixed humility calling to blossom, sprout to conceive, be pregnant to measure to the end, forever fellow-servant to upset, overturn flame, fire old person vessel, jar suddenly before, in front of to sail before, in front of to put, spend to lead, guide to taste twenty talent

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643. [roompe

dove

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