Lennart Andersson Swedish Transport Administration

The task of the Swedish Transport Administration • responsible for the planning for road traffic, rail traffic, maritime shipping, and air traffic • responsible for construction, operation and maintenance of the state road network and national railway network • works for accessibility in public transportation

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Our daily challenges for citizens and enterprise

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Trains on time

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Accessible roads

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Up-to-date traffic information

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A safer transport system for everyone

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A more energy-efficient transport system

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Infrastructure adapted to people and environment

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Opportunities for drivers’ tests in 139 locations around the country

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38 ferry lines

Some important mile stones in Swedish traffic safety history, not to be considered as completed 1967 change to traffic in the right lane 1968 Swedish traffic safety administration is founded 1975 usage of safety belt in front seat is regulated by law 1990 the limit for drink-driving is reduced from 0,5 to 0,2 ‰ 1993 Swedish Road Administration gets responsibilities for the national traffic safety 1997 the vision zero is decided in the Swedish parlament 2005 the usage of bicykle helmet for children up to 15 years is regulated by law 2010 Swedish Transport Administration is founded

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What is the secret behind safety of aviation and rail systems? • Mobility is a function of safety – no safety – no functionality! • Dysfunction of humans, technology and organisation shall not lead to serious events • Nonconformity is handled promptly, professional and continuously in systematic ways • Safety is developed in cooperation between users, operators, providers and regulators • These elements should be used in the road sector! 5

Vision Zero a road safety policy innovation Traditional approach

Vision Zero approach

Accidents

Serious injuries

Individual road user behavior

The system is not designed according to human capability and human tolerance against external violence – in other words what the human body can stand.

Road users have primary responsibility

System designers have primary responsibility

People don’t want safety

People demand safety

Change individual road user behavior

Change the environment (road environment, vehicles, support good social norms)

Risk reduction

Eliminate fatalities and serious injuries

Vision Zero – a road safety policy innovation DOI:10.1080/17457300.2011.635213 Matts-Åke Belin, Per Tillgren & Evert Vedung Available online: 14 Dec 2011 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17457300.2011.635213 6

Speed limits based on injury related criteria – rural area

or

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A modern camera system

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Extension of safer road types (km) 2500

2+1 road

2000

Motorway 1500 1000 500 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

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Number of persons killed in road traffic crashes/100 000 inhabitants in Sweden 2000-2010

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0,0

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Accident mapping

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Roads with high accident concentration

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The Target - Volvo Vision 2020 Our Vision is that no one is killed or injured in a new Volvo by 2020

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Injury risk (%)

8

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Active safety technologies

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2

0 67-74

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75-79

80-84

85-89 90-94 Model year

95-99

00-05

05-10

0!

Driving Sequencies State of the driver and traffic environment

Normal driving

Time

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∞

Vehicle conflict situation

Deviation from normal

Help the driver to remain in or be pushed back into normal driving mode! •Assist and warn the driver •Vehicle acts autonomously when the driver has not acted Driver unable to avoid crash Car still able to avoid crash

Emerging situation

2-3s

Driver and car unable to avoid Reduce severity Prepare to crash

Crash unavoidabl e

Critical situation

1s

Crash protection

Crash

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What causes accidents? “Any system which depends on human reliability is unreliable.” Human error

Traffic environment

Vehicle

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The Focus is to assist drivers and if necessary take over the control of the vehicle in critical situations

The vehicle of the future - Just like the farmer’s horse: • Can be steered actively and in full control by the farmer but • It can handle a situation where the farmer falls asleep and still find its way home and • It will not accept being steered into a tree or off a cliff 16

Vehicle / Infrastructure Interfaces • Systematic road sign and lane marking strategies needed. Road sign strategy not to be recommended

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Systems reading road signs and using lane markings

Pedestrian Detection and Autonomous Braking System

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Detecting/ Braking for Wild Animals •Further development of the system for detecting and braking for pedestrians.

Deer

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Elks

Speed limit, road design and car design goes hand in hand! • Crash test 90km/h into tree

• Crash test 90km/h into guard rail

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Trends in business life • Brand name more and more important • Prepared to take responsibility (Corporate Social Responsibility) • Want to act transparent and open to public

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Road safety trends in business • Travelpolicies • Purchasing demands on products and services • Labeling systems • Systematic work: ISO 39001

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Safety improvements

Road safety law , decided by EU regulating the responsibility for the road Trafiksäkerhetsarbetets administration fyra angreppssätt Systemsäkerhet genom fordonsburen teknik

System safety Injury prevention by designing cars in correspondence to Skadeprevention speed genom koppling utformning/hast (passive safety) All responsibility on the road user

Trafikregler

Active safety

Traffic rules

Allt ansvar på trafikanten

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2010-07-05

Kindly contributed by Roger Johansson

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Time 5