Regional Labor Market Assessment
Lake Tahoe Community College
Prepared By:
Sponsored By:
Northern California Center of Excellence
North Far North Consortium
Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Important Disclaimer All representations included in this report have been produced from secondary review of publicly and/or privately available data and/or research reports. Efforts have been made to qualify and validate the accuracy of the data and the reported findings; however, neither the Centers of Excellence, North Far North Consortium, host Districts, nor California Community Colleges Chancellor’s Office are responsible for applications or decisions made by recipient community colleges or their representatives based upon components or recommendations contained in this study. © 2012 Chancellor's Office California Community Colleges Economic and Workforce Development Program Please consider the environment before printing. This document is designed for double-sided printing. Northern California Center of Excellence
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Introduction To better understand the labor market needs of the immediate and surrounding communities that Lake Tahoe Community College (LTCC) serves, the Northern California Center of Excellence (COE) examined industry and occupational employment data at several different levels – geographically as well as current and projected (outlook). The purpose of this research brief is to map labor market needs to current career and technical education offerings at LTCC. More specifically, this research brief includes an assessment of the following: • • •
current industry make-up across the immediate and surrounding communities; occupational concentrations, including self-employment; and, an exploration of emerging occupations in new media, public safety (search and rescue/wilderness EMT), green remodeling/weatherization, and automotive technology.
Region As the main service area, data totals referred to as the “study region” are an aggregate for zip codes identified by LTCC and include parts of counties in California (Sierra, Nevada, Placer, El Dorado, Amador, Alpine and Calaveras) and Nevada (Douglas, Carson City, Storey and Washoe) — as shown in the green area on the map below.
LTCC Study Region 38 Zip Codes in 11 Counties 23 CA Zip Codes / 18 NV Zip Codes
Northern California Center of Excellence
Residential Population: 503,158 Age 15-64 Population: 342,003
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Industry Overview In the study area, the largest concentration of current employment is in government, dominated by local education which accounts for 57% (27,857) of government jobs. Eighteen percent (18% or 8,533) are local government positions, 15% (7,319) are state employment positions, with federal government jobs accounting for the remaining 10% (4,756). The next largest industry employers are accommodation and food services (40,000 jobs) and retail trade (28,824 jobs). Through 2016, two industries are projected to contract slightly, reducing employment overall by more than 1,100 jobs in construction and accommodation and food services. Projected job gain across the remaining industries is expected to more than offset these losses. The largest job increases are expected for real estate and rental and leasing (growth of close to 10% or 2,607 jobs); the growth is spread across a number of subsectors in this industry but real estate offices are projected to account for about 950 new jobs.1 The second largest growth industry through 2016 is health care and social assistance (2,518 new jobs). Within healthcare, physicians’ offices and hospital employment leads the growth (721 new jobs), but smaller gains in dental offices, services for the elderly, nursing care facilities and home health care services will also contribute to the overall growth. Exhibit 1: Industry Employment Description Real Estate and Rental and Leasing Health Care and Social Assistance Finance and Insurance Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services Manufacturing Other Services (except Public Administration) Educational Services (Private) Transportation and Warehousing Retail Trade Management of Companies and Enterprises Government Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction Wholesale Trade Utilities Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting Information Construction Accommodation and Food Services Total, All Industries
2011 Jobs 27,247 27,452 20,242 21,345
2016 Jobs 29,854 29,970 22,186 22,833
Change thru 2016 2,607 2,518 1,944 1,489
% Change 9.6% 9.2% 9.6% 7.0%
18,228
19,103
875
4.8%
17,821 16,206 4,640 8,762
18,693 16,894 5,261 9,303
871 688 621 541
4.9% 4.2% 13.4% 6.2%
28,824
29,353
530
1.8%
4,111 48,465 12,669 2,219 7,555 1,013 2,578 4,390 15,940 39,999 329,706
4,581 48,751 12,932 2,423 7,656 1,040 2,603 4,404 15,438 39,320 342,597
470 286 263 204 101 26 25 14 (502) (679) 12,891
11.4% 0.6% 2.1% 9.2% 1.3% 2.6% 1.0% 0.3% (3.1%) (1.7%) 3.9%
Source: EMSI Complete Employment - 2012.2. Table sorted by change through 2016 in descending order.
Employment projections real estate and rental and leasing may seem high in relation to the effects of the recession and, in particular, performance of the housing market in recent years. It is possible that projected growth reflects both increased demand for services and the return to pre-recession staffing levels, both full- and part-time as well as self-employed.
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Self-employment About 6% of workers in the study region are self-employed (18,660 out of 329,706 jobs). 2 The largest concentration of self-employed workers is in construction (3,835 jobs) — primarily in residential building and specialty trade contractors — in occupations such as carpenters, laborers, construction managers, painters, etc. In the professional, scientific and technical services industry, the second-largest concentration of selfemployment (2,945 jobs) is reported within accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping and payroll services. Other services accounts for the next largest amount of self-employed persons (2,296 jobs), in subsectors such as private households, and hair, nail and skin care services.
Occupational Outlook Through 2016, across all occupations, new job growth is expected to add more than 20,000 jobs in the study area and replacement needs within existing jobs are projected to number close to 46,000. 3 The following table lists the most “in-demand” occupations by educational or work experience minimum requirement — where “in-demand” is defined as most total openings (new job growth plus replacements) during the fiveyear period. 4 Exhibit 2: Occupational Employment Education Level
Associate degree
Occupation
2011 Jobs
Registered Nurses
3,956
501
611
$43.43
Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate
1,490
280
420
$16.32
978
23
181
$22.56
Personal Financial Advisors
6,215
2,142
2,500
$25.33
Securities, Commodities, & Financial Services Sales Agents
4,776
1,581
2,358
$19.17
Property, Real Estate, & Community Association Managers
4,701
776
1,189
$15.52
Management Analysts
2,639
358
611
$29.30
General and Operations Managers
3,550
0
598
$41.12
Financial Managers
2,043
375
565
$31.58
Restaurant Cooks
2,735
21
499
$11.67
Photographers
1,708
168
349
$17.07
Computer Support Specialists Bachelor’s degree
Bachelor’s or higher, plus work experience Long-term on-thejob training
Musicians and Singers Customer Service Representatives
Moderate-term onBookkeeping, Accounting and Auditing the-job training Maintenance and Repair Workers Postsecondary vocational award
Change Total Median thru 2016 Openings3 Hourly Wage 5
952
185
289
$17.72
3,209
437
988
$16.68
4,136
106
418
$16.96
2,750
103
380
$17.01
Real Estate Sales Agents5
12,719
2,244
3,308
$12.83
Gaming Dealers
2,223
(353)
499
$10.08
Insurance Sales Agents
1,604
178
373
$20.17
Self-employment data included here represents only those persons who count self-employment as a significant part of their labor income. Data excludes traditional payroll jobs covered by state/federal unemployment insurance; military, railroad, insurance agents, work/study students and employees of small nonprofit organizations; and persons who have miscellaneous labor income that they do not consider true self-employment. 3 Replacements are an estimate of how many workers in a specific occupation will vacate that occupation entirely (separate) due to career change, retirement or other circumstances in a given time period. Openings is the sum of Change and Replacements. 4 Certain educational or work experience requirement groups are not included in this table – occupations that require short-term on-thejob training, master’s degree, doctoral degree, and first professional degree – due to minimal relevance to FRC instruction and/or low employment levels coupled with low demand. 5 Median Hourly Wage reflects 2012 wage estimates for California portion of study area only. 2
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Education Level Work experience in a related occupation
Occupation
2011 Jobs
Change Total Median thru 2016 Openings3 Hourly Wage 5
Real Estate Brokers 6
3,677
623
930
$18.89
Managers, All Other
3,473
406
875
$19.89
First-Line Supervisors/Mgrs of Non-Retail Sales Workers
1,955
328
551
$14.43
Source: EMSI Complete Employment - 2012.2. Table sorted by education level (alphabetical), then by openings in descending order.
Real-time Labor Market Information Real-time labor market information (Real-time LMI) aggregates job posting information from thousands of job posting sites, such as Monster.com, Craigslist, industry association, government employers, among others. The Real-time LMI tool assigns occupational and industry classifications as appropriate to each job posting and allows for analysis by geographic area, occupation type, employer type, etc. 7 In the past three months, the most frequently posted jobs in the study region were identified as registered nurses (404), and first-line supervisors of retail sales workers (366), followed by: Software application developers (337)
Wholesale and manufacturing sales representatives (188)
Retail salespersons (318)
First-line supervisors of food preparation & serving workers (171)
Restaurant cooks (206)
Computer programmers (161)
Secretaries & administrative assistants (188)
Computer systems analysts (136)
•
The most frequently noted skills in demand included: sales, scheduling, repair, mathematics, patient care, accounting, inspection, merchandising, SQL and Linux.
•
Top certifications or licensing requirements for the study region are: registered nurse, first-aid CPR certification, basic cardiac life support certification, licensed physician, acute care certification, commercial driver’s license, casino gaming license, American heart association certification, licensed occupational therapist and licensed vocational nurse.
Employment projections for the occupation of Real Estate Broker may seem high in relation to the effects of the recession and, in particular, performance of the housing market in recent years. It is possible that openings reflect increased demand for services and retirement openings coupled with the return of past workers, both full- and part-time as well as self-employed, to the profession. 7 Real-time LMI provided by Burning Glass International (www.laborinsight.burning-glass.com/us). It is important to note that the number of job postings is not necessarily a measure of actual jobs available in the labor market —postings can expire and be reposted by the same employer, uploaded to multiple sites with differing information, and/or auto-generated for each locality regardless of actual job location, etc. 6
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Career and Technical Education Concentrations Careers in Weatherization In the United States, buildings use one third of all energy consumed and two thirds of all electricity. Due to the high energy usage, they are a major source of the pollution that causes urban air quality problems and pollutants that contribute to climate change. Building energy usage accounts for 49% of sulfur dioxide emissions, 25%of nitrous oxide emissions, and 10% of particulate emissions. Weatherization is the practice of protecting a building and its interior from the elements, particularly from sunlight, precipitation, and wind, and of modifying a building to reduce energy consumption and optimize energy efficiency. The most common occupation specific to this work is weatherization installers and technicians. These workers perform a number of activities to weatherize homes and buildings to make them more energy efficient. Widely considered a “green job,” weatherization installers and technicians also conduct energy audits on homes to determine what techniques are most cost effective and advise their clients on energy efficient techniques. As part of their job, weatherization installers and technicians prepare cost estimates or specifications for weatherization services and recommend weatherization techniques to clients. To reduce energy losses, weatherization installers and technicians will also prepare and apply weather-stripping, glazing, caulking, or door sweeps helping create an energy efficient home. Another important role they play is to educate clients on energy conservation measures, such as the use of low flow toilets, shower heads and energy efficient lighting. A weatherization installers and technician usually enter this career with training from vocational schools or related on-the-job experience. Candidates with additional training in weatherization courses will have a higher chance of getting the job. Weatherization installers and technicians can train for and earn Building Performance Institute (BPI) certification in different areas and be considered as specialist in the chosen areas. 8 Gaining experience in this job could also lead to career advancement as a supervisor or manager. 9
Target Occupations Weatherization Installers and Technicians Construction Managers Total, All
2011 Jobs
2016 Jobs
Change
% Change
Openings
Average Annual Openings
Average Annual Wage 10
118
117
(1)
(1%)
22
4
$45,490 $47,362
960
904
(56)
(6%)
48
10
1,073
1,021
(57)
(5%)
70
14
Weatherization Installers and Technicians career profile available at http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/47-4099.03. Data collection for this occupation is currently underway. Existing data is embedded within a broader occupational group titled “Construction Workers, All Other” and represents the total employment for multiple occupations, including this one. 9 To better understand the opportunities in this area, occupational data for Construction Managers is also included here. More information on this position can be found at http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/11-9021.00. Similar to Weatherization Installers and Technicians, Construction Managers represent a broader occupational group made up of several types of job-specific construction management positions. 10 Wages represent data from California zip code area. Average annual wages calculated by multiplying the average hourly wage and 2,080 hours (the equivalent of 40 hours of work for 52 weeks). 8
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Careers in New Media New media is a broad term in media studies which refers to on-demand access to content anytime, anywhere, on any digital device, as well as interactive user feedback, creative participation and community formation around the media content. Most technologies described as new media are digital, with examples like the Internet, websites, computer multimedia, video games, CDs and DVDs. New media does not include television programs, feature films, magazines, books, or paper-based publications – unless they contain technologies that enable digital interactivity. •
Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia, is an example, combining Internet accessible text, images and video with links, participation of contributors, interactive feedback of users and creation of a participant community of editors and donors.
•
Facebook is an example of the social media model, in which most users are also participants.
•
Twitter is an example of both a mobile and social media model in practice.
The new media industry shares an open association with many market segments: software/video game design, television, radio, and particularly movies, and advertising and marketing, to name a few. Through these, the industry seeks to take advantage of a two-way dialogue with consumers through the Internet. •
The advertising industry has capitalized on the proliferation of new media with large agencies running multi-million dollar interactive advertising subsidiaries. Interactive websites and kiosks have become popular. In a number of cases advertising agencies have also set up new divisions to study new media.
•
Public relations firms are also taking advantage of the opportunities in new media through interactive practices. Interactive public relations practices include the use of social media to reach a mass audience of online social network users.11
For the purposes of this research, target occupations for new media have been narrowed to those that 1) develop content, monitor content, or develop content strategies for digital technologies; and 2) have relevance to community college education. For the occupations detailed below, employment levels represent the entire occupation in the study region – of which those working with new media applications account for a share of the total.
Advertising and Promotions Managers Multi-Media Artists and Animators (Digital Media) Writers and Authors (Copy Writers)
94
93
(1)
(1%)
6
Average Annual Openings 1
205
221
16
8%
18
4
$26,770
920
1,051
131
14%
98
20
$37,419
Advertising Sales Agents
463
500
37
8%
36
7
$52,478
Desktop Publishers
56
59
3
5%
4
1
$44,824
Target Occupations
2011 Jobs
2016 Jobs
Change
% Change
Openings
Search Marketing Strategists 12
Not available; see footnote.
Web Developers11
Not available; see footnote.
Total, All
1,738
1,924
186
11%
162
Average Annual Wage $68,370
32
Definition and description taken from information found at the New Media Institute, www.newmedia.org. Data collection for this emerging occupation is underway but not available at this time. More information on this occupation and national employment estimates can be found at: Search Marketing Strategists, http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-1199.10; Web Developers, http://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/15-1134.00.
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Careers in Automotive Technology As the number of vehicles in use continues to grow, more entry-level service technicians will be needed to do basic automotive maintenance and repair, such as brake pad replacements and oil changes. The increasing lifespan of late-model cars and light trucks will further increase demand for qualified workers. However, continuing consolidation in the automotive industry may lessen the need for new mechanics, while simultaneous expansion of alternative fuel vehicles will drive a need for new skill sets in existing mechanics. Job opportunities for qualified applicants should be very good as some employers report difficulty finding workers with the right skills and education. Jobseekers who have completed formal postsecondary training programs – especially candidates with training in advanced automotive technology, such as hybrid fuel or computer systems – should enjoy the best job prospects. Those without formal automotive training are likely to face strong competition for entry-level jobs. The majority of job openings will be in automobile dealerships and independent repair shops, where most service technicians currently work. 13 For the purposes of this research, target occupations for automotive technology are presented in three groups: 1) Those that work directly in repair and maintenance of automobiles (primarily light- or medium-duty vehicles, including passenger cars) 2) Those that work directly in repair and maintenance of heavy-duty vehicles or industrial equipment 3) Those that work indirectly with automotive technology through auto body maintenance and repair Target Occupations 1) Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 2) Automotive Body and Related Repairers 2) Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers 3) Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists 3) Farm Equipment Mechanics 3) Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics Total, All
2011 Jobs
2016 Jobs
Change
% Change
Openings
Average Annual Openings
Average Annual Wage
1,112
1,103
(9)
(1%)
50
10
$34,507
220
212
(8)
(4%)
10
2
$34,445
27
25
(2)
(7%)
0
0
NA
311
322
11
4%
20
4
$37,710
35
34
(1)
(3%)
0
0
NA
184
177
(7)
(4%)
8
2
$47,778
1,889
1,873
(16)
(1%)
88
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Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition, Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics, on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/ooh/installation-maintenance-and-repair/automotive-servicetechnicians-and-mechanics.htm (visited June 13, 2012).
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Northern California Center of Excellence
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Lake Tahoe Community College: Regional Labor Market Needs Assessment
Careers in Search and Rescue / Wilderness Emphasis Mountain rescue refers to search and rescue activities that occur in a mountainous environment, although the term is sometimes also used to apply to search and rescue in other wilderness environments. The difficult and remote nature of the terrain in which mountain rescue often occurs has resulted in the development of a number of specific pieces of equipment and techniques. Helicopters are often used to quickly extract casualties, and search dogs may be used to locate them. Mountain rescue services may be paid professionals or volunteer professionals. These are frequently made up of local climbers and guides. Often paid rescue services may work in co-operation with voluntary services. In the United States, mountain rescue is handled by professional teams within national parks or by volunteer teams. Volunteer teams are part of the Mountain Rescue Association (MRA) and operate under the authority of the local sheriff's department. The teams will also assist on missions out-of-county or in a national park when requested. For a list of California MRA teams, go to www.crmra.org/crmra_teams.14 For the purposes of identifying an existing labor force where mountain rescue skill sets are valuable assets, target occupations have been narrowed to those that 1) are paid professionals; 2) are existing public safety positions, and 3) have relevance to community college education. For the occupations detailed below, employment levels represent the entire occupation in the study region – of which those needing skills in mountain rescue may only account for a share of the total. Target Occupations First-line Supervisors/Managers of Police and Sheriff’s Officers First-line Supervisors/Managers of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers Police and Sheriff’s Officers Fire Fighters 15 Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics Lifeguards, Ski Patrol and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers15 Fish and Game Wardens Total, All
2011 Jobs
2016 Jobs
Change
% Change
Openings
Average Annual Openings
Average Annual Wage
123
116
(7)
(5.7%)
23
5
$86,913
124
117
(7)
(5.6%)
18
4
$73,882
902
865
(37)
(4%)
139
28
$64,074
480
494
14
3%
112
22
$63,856
350
362
12
3%
12
2
$37,669
180
186
6
3%
58
12
$23,899
43
38
(5)
(12%)
0
0
NA
2,202
2,178
(24)
(1%)
362
72
Definition and description taken from information found at the National Mountain Rescue Association, www.mra.org. Caution should be exercised when considering the outlook data for this occupation as substantial seasonal employment may influence the employment trends.
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