Journal of Health Literacy 257

Volume 1, Issue 4, Winter 2016

...‫ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬/ ‫ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬

257 AWARENESS ABOUT DETERGENTS AND DISINFECTANTS

The Effect of education based on Awareness and Performance of hospitals service personnel about protective behaviors against the harmful effects of detergents and disinfectants

ABSTRACT Elham Damani MSC Student of Health Education and Promotion, Student Scientific Research Center , Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.

Khadijah Dehghan Bakhshani BSc of Midwife, IranshahrUniversity of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran.

Mohammad Hadi Abbasi Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.

Tahmineh Karimzaei4 *MSC of Health Education and Promotion, IranshahrUniversity of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran. (Corresponding Author): Email: [email protected]

Nasrin Rezaee MSC Student of Parasitology, Student Scientific Research Center , Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.

Zaynab Borhanzahi BSc of Psychology, Education Iranshahr Received: 11 September 2016 Accepted: 31 October 2016

Background and objective: The individual protective behaviors have essential role in prevention or decrease the incidence of the harmful effects of detergents. This study aimed to determine the Effect of education based on Awareness on the harmful effects of detergents and disinfectants on hospital service personnel. Methods: This Quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 off hospital service personnel that randomly divided to control and Intervention groups. Data collection tool was a Multi-section questionnaire includes demographic, Awareness and practice, that its validity and reliability was confirmed by expert and Cronbakh Alpha test. After primary data collecting, educational intervention performed and two months later data in both groups was collected again and analyzed in spss16 soft-ware using descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: Results showed that after intervention only in experimental group the mean scores of Awareness off 12/82±2/42 with 18/06±3/25 and preventive behaviors on hospital service personnel off 14/50 ± 3/41 with 20/06 ± 3/76 meaningful increased. Conclusion: The results showed that education intervention based on Health education was useful in increasing Awareness and promoting preventive behaviors of detergents and disinfectants on hospital service personnel Paper Type: Research Article. Keywords: health education, detergents, hospital service personnel, prevention  Citation: Damani E, Dehghan Bakhshani K, Abbasi MH, Karimzaei T, Rezaee N, Borhanzahi6 Z. The Effect of education based on Awareness and Performance of hospitals service personnel about protective behaviors against the harmful effects of detergents and disinfectants . Journal of Health Literacy. Winter 2016; 1(4): 257-264.

‫‪258‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ‪ /‬ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ‪1395‬‬

‫ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻳﺠﻪ ﺩﻫﻘﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺎﻣﺎﻳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻫﺎﺩﻯ ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻤﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺰﺍﻳﻰ‬ ‫* ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪) .‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ(‬ ‫‪[email protected]‬‬

‫ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻯ ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ ﺍﺭﺷﺪ ﺍﻧﮕﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶﻫﺎﻯ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﻨﺐ ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻧﺰﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﺷﻨﺎﺱ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﻭ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺵ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻧﺸﻬﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ‪1395/06/21 :‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺵ‪1395/08/10 :‬‬

‫ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻓﺮﺩﻯ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻰ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﻧﺎﺷﻰ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﺁﻭﺭ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥﺁﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ‪ 100‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻰ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩﻭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﻭﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻰ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺆﺍﻻﺕ ﺩﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‪ ،‬ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪،‬ﻛﻪ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻤﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺭﻭﺍﺋﻰ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﺍ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﺋﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺁﻟﻔﺎﻯ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺒﺎﺥ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ )‪2‬ﻣﺎﻩ( ﻣﺠﺪﺩﺍ ً ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‪ SPSS 16‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﺯ ‪ 12/82±2/42‬ﺑﻪ ‪18/06±3/25‬ﻭ ﺍﺯ‪ 14/50±3/41‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 20/06±3/76‬ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻯ‪ :‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻰﺩﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻭﺍژﻩﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ‬ ‫‪ ‬ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺎﺩ‪ :‬ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻰ ﺍ‪ ،‬ﺩﻫﻘﺎﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﺎﻧﻰ ﺥ‪ ،‬ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻰ ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺰﺍﻳﻰ ﺕ‪ ،‬ﺭﺿﺎﻳﻰ ﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻫﺎﻧﺰﻫﻰ ﺯ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ‪ .‬ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ‪1395‬؛‪. 264-257 :(4) 1‬‬

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‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻰ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﺮﺩﻡ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ)‪ .(8‬ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﻰ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺑﺎ‬

‫ﺷﺎﻳﻊ ﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﺛ ﺮﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺷﻜﻮﻫﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻰ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻋ ﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ‪،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺭﻳﻮﻱ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴ ﺮﺍﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻛﺎﻓﻰ ﺳ ﺮﻳﻊ ﻧﺒﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﺑﺨﺶ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﻳﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲ ﺗ ﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﺷﻤﺮﺩ)‪ .(9‬ﻛﻪ ﺍﺛ ﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ‪ ،‬ﺁﻟﺮﮋﻳﻚ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺗﺮ‬

‫ﻭ ﺗﺸﻨﺞ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ‬

‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬

‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ)‪ .(7‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺯﺍﻙ‬

‫ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﺑﺨ ﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬

‫ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻣﻴ ﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ‬

‫ﻣﺤﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻰ ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺁﻟﺮژﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺁﺳﻢ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ‪683‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﺯﻥ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻦ‬

‫ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻣﺘﻌﻬﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﺍﺟ ﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻯ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 44‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ ‪.‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﻭﺯ ﻭ ﺷﺪﺕ ﺁﺳﻢ ﻭ ﻣﻴ ﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬

‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﻛﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺳﺖ)‪ .(1‬ﺣﻔﻆ‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬

‫ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎﻱ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟ ﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺑﺸﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺮﻩ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻴ ﺰﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺭﺍ‬

‫ﺗ ﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﺑ ﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻰﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ )‪(10‬‬

‫ﺗﻠﻘﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ )‪ (2‬ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ‬

‫‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪2006‬‬

‫ﻭ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺸﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳ ﺮﺑﺎﺯ ﻫﻤ ﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻫﺪﻑ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺍﺳﺘ ﺮﺍﺗﮋﻯ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻣﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )‪ .(3‬ﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺒﺤﺚ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪،‬ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴ ﺮﺍﺕ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ‪،‬‬

‫ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻋ ﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‪،‬ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺨ ﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫ﻃﺒﻖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻼﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣ ﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﺁﻥ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋ ﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻟﺰﻭﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬

‫ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻛﺎﺭﺁﻣﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺛ ﺮﺑﺨﺶ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ)‪.(2‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻄﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻳﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻰﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪.‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﻯ‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ‬

‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ‬

‫ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ )‪ .(11‬ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬

‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺮﻭﺩ)‪ .(4‬ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺯﻳﻦ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓ ﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺨﺎﻃ ﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻛﺎﺭﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء‬

‫ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ)‪ .(5‬ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‬

‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑ ﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻋ ﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﻣ ﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﺤﻴﻂ‬

‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗ ﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻻﺯﻡ‬

‫ﻛﺎﺭﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ ﺁﻥ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓ ﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘ ﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ‪،‬ﻭ‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣ ﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻲ‬

‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴ ﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﻟ ﻮﺍﺯﻡ ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ‬

‫ﻣ ﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬

‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﺳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺩﺳﺘﻜﺶ‪،‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻛﻼﻩ‪ ،‬ﭼﻜﻤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻛﻔﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ)‪.(7‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ)‪ .(6-7‬ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﻘ ﺮﻳﺒﺎ ‪ 160‬ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﻥ‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ‪،‬ﺍﺟ ﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﻴﻮﻩ ﻣﺪﻳ ﺮﻳﺘﻰ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ‪ /‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‪...‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬

‫ﻧﻤ ﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ‬

‫‪260‬‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ‪ /‬ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﺓ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ‪ ،‬ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ ‪1395‬‬

‫ﺍﺯﺍﻳﻦ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ )‪ .(12‬ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬

‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻳﺎﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﻣﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﭘﻴﺎﻡ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻯ ﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﻓ ﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻰﺷ ﻮﻧﺪ ﺍﺟ ﺮﺍﻱ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬ﻛﻪ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻭ ﺷﻔﺎﻑ‬

‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴ ﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ‬

‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ‪ ،‬ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﮔﺮﻯ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ )‪ .(13‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺷﺪﻳﻢ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﻯ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪﻑ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬

‫ﻭ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬

‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬

‫ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ‪ spss16‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ‪.‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻯ‬

‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑ ﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺛ ﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻣ ﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻭ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺗﻰ ﺯﻭﺟﻰ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﻛﺎﻯﺍﺳﻜﻮﺋﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺴﻨﺠﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻰ ﺧﻄﻰ ﻭ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺭﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻯ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮﻫﺎﻯ ﺩﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪﻛﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺗﺠ ﺮﺑﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ‪ 100‬ﻧﻔﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ‬

‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥﻫﺎﻯ ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺯﺍﻫﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻭ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻯ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻧﻤ ﻮﻧﻪﮔﻴﺮﻯ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻰ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬

‫ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺍﺯ ﻭ‬

‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻓ ﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻰ) ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﻯ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻰ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‬

‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ‬

‫ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ( ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺎﻭﻧﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﺩ ﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺩﺍﺩﻩﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﻰ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺗﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ‬

‫ﺍﺧﻼﻗﻰ‪ ،‬ﻫﺪﻑ ﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑ ﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﻓ ﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ ﻭ‬

‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺩﻣﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﻚ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ)‪2‬ﺳﻮﺍﻝ(‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﻡ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬

‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺕ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ‪،‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ‬

‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ‬

‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬

‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﻯ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺍﻳﻰ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﺍﻳﻰ ﻭ ﺻﻮﺭﻯ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺭﻭﺵ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻰ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺭﺵ ﺍﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ‬

‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻳﻰ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ‬

‫ﺁﻥ ﺑﺤﺚ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻠﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬

‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻰ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻯ ‪ 20‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺁﻟﻔﺎﻯ ﻛﺮﻭﻧﺒﺎﺥ)‬

‫ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺭﺗﺒﻪ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻯ ﺁﻟﻔﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 0/62-0/85‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺠﻢ‬

‫ﺷﻐﻠﻰﺷﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰﺷﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ (0/66-0/87‬ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪2‬ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺩﺭ‬

‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﺷﻐﻠﻰﺷﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﻧﮕﺮﺵﻫﺎﻯ ﻣﻨﻔﻰ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ‬

‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎﺕ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ‬

‫ﺩﺭﻙ ﺷﺪﻩﻯ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﺷﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻯ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬

‫ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪15‬ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ‪9‬ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬

‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻰ ﻭ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﺸﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﺵ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬

‫ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺕ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ‬

‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻯ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﭘﻴﺶ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻯ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻰ‪،‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎﻯ )ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪-‬ﻧﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﻢ‪-‬ﻏﻠﻂ( ﺑﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ‬

‫ﻳﻚ ﭘﻤﻔﻠﺖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬

‫ﺩﻭ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻧﻤﻰ ﺩﺍﻧﻢ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﻳﻚ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻏﻠﻂ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﺻﻔﺮ‬

‫ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻰ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻯ ﻭ ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‪9‬ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﺍﻻﺕ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ‬

‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﻰ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬

‫ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻯ ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎﻯ )ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‪-‬ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ –ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪-‬ﺑﻨﺪﺭﺕ‪-‬‬

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‫ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﺳﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﺩﻭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻨﺪﺭﺕ‬

‫ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻯ ﻣﻌﻨﻰﺩﺍﺭﻯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻰ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ‬

‫ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﺻﻔﺮ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺍﺗﺨﺎﺫ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﻯ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮﺍﺕ ﺯﻳﺎﻥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺷﻮﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻭ ﮔﻨﺪﺯﺩﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ‬

‫ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ‬

‫ﺷﺪ )‪.(P