Iron Deficiency Anemia: Prevalence and Treatment in Oncology
11/17/2014
Iron Deficiency Anemia: Prevalence and Treatment in Oncology Lawrence Tim Goodnough, MD Professor of Pathology and Medicine Stanford Univ...
Iron Deficiency Anemia: Prevalence and Treatment in Oncology Lawrence Tim Goodnough, MD Professor of Pathology and Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Director, Transfusion Services Stanford University Medical Center Stanford, CA
Educational Objectives • Know the prevalence and importance of iron deficiency anemia in oncology patients • Understand the implications of iron‐restricted erythropoiesis for the treatment of anemia in oncology patients
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11/17/2014
Call to Reduce Transfusions: National Summit on Overuse ‐ September 2012
“Overuse/inappropriate use is defined as the use of a health service in circumstances where the likelihood of benefit is negligible or zero, and the patient is exposed to the risk of harm.”
Blood transfusion is one of five “overuse” interventions targeted http://www.jointcommission.org/two_leading_health_care_quality_organizations_hold_national_summit_to_build_co nsensus_around_ways_to_minimize_overuse_of_five_treatments/ http://www.jointcommission.org/overuse_summit/
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Blood Risks • Historic Blood Risks “Blood is inherently risky and dangerous…” U.S. Blood Shield Laws Zuck T. Legal liability for transfusion injury in the AIDS era. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1990;114:309-15
• Current blood risks • Emerging blood risks: age of stored blood and clinical patient outcomes
Perkins H, Busch M. Transfusion 2010;50:2080-2099.
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Potential risks of blood transfusion 1. 2.
Infectious Agents Transfusion Reactions a. Alloimmunization b. Febrile c. Allergic
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Medical Errors: (wrong blood to patient due to mislabeled specimen or patient misidentification) Transfusion Associated Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) Transfusion Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO) Iron Overload Immunomodulation Storage Lesions: Age of Blood
Goodnough, Levy, Murphy. Lancet 2013;381:1852-3.
Current status of red cell preservation (21 D) and National Blood Policy Chaplin et al. N Engl J Med 1974;291:68-74.
• Unsettled questions regarding quality and availability of preserved RBC • Periodic shortages of blood reflect inefficient management • Unresolved questions about effectiveness of 2,3 DPG‐ depleted RBC
Can blood transfusions be not only ineffective, but injurious? Shander AS, Goodnough LT. Ann Thor Surg 2014;97:11-14.
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Duration of red cell storage and complications after cardiac surgery
• 2872 patients with 8802 RBC ≤ 14 D 3130 patients with 10,782 RBC > 14D. • Median storage 11 D vs 20 D • 1 year mortality: 7.4% vs 11.0% • Composite complications: 22% vs 26% Koch et al. N Engl J Med 2008;258:1229‐38