Oslo City Municipality Depts of Urban Development and Transport & Environment

Investment strategy: Transport and Sustainability User-funded transport system in Oslo and Akershus METREX Conference

Tor Bysveen Senior Advisor Akershus County

Peter Austin Senior Advisor Oslo City

The Oslo region is naturally popular • High standards of living • Centres of excellence • Low unemployment • Good housing • Access to forests, the sea and sports

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Oslo & Akershus: Norway’s capital region

• >1 million residents • 1-2 % annual population growth • High demand for workers • High levels of commuting into the city

Oslo

Akershus METREX Conference

Transport investment - a high priority for more than 3 decades

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Oslo package (1), 1990-2007 Investment in roads and public transport

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The Oslo package concept: Local and national funding agreement • Local toll scheme for charging all vehicles entering the city • Matching funding from central government • Investment program agreed jointly by – Oslo City & Akershus County – national transport authorities METREX Conference

Congestion and pedestrian access in the central area has been improved New road tunnel through the city centre – Key first project, loan-financed – Traffic relief – Mobility, visibility, environmental quality METREX Conference

Toll Ring

• All roads € 1-2 per trip • € 1.5 billions extra income • Traffic reduced by 5 -10 % METREX Conference

Growth in traffic – index of journeys

Road, Akershus

Road, Oslo Public, Oslo Rail, region Public, Akershus

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What did the first Oslo-package achieve? • € 90 million extra income each year • 80% invested in roads, 20% in public transport • Solved transport-challenges in 10 years, compared with 30 years under normal funding • Strong local influence on priorities METREX Conference

Cheap and efficient technology • 90% of all tollrevenues invested in better transport • Less than 10% of income to running costs • Queue-free technology METREX Conference

(Avoid queues!)

Independent management of toll revenue

• Joint company established to manage the toll ring • Also responsible for handling finance for the Oslo package • Jointly owned by Oslo and Akershus alone METREX Conference

Oslo package 2 (2000-2011) Focus on public transport • Supplementary toll charge and passenger fares • Need for more public transport because: – Lack of road capacity for expected transport growth – Environmental issues METREX Conference

Oslo package 2: Investment programme Urban light-rail ring

• Missing links • Transport terminals • New rail track • Rail and light rail carriages High speed railtrack METREX Conference

Coordination was emphasised

Coordinated land use and transport investments • Local government control of land use • National and regional transport services • Multi-modal transport interchanges • City and region with 22 municipalities METREX Conference

The way forward: New challenges of increasing growth High growth rates: – Building

Demographic Demographiccentralisation centralisation 2,0 % 2,0 %

Oslo Oslo

1,5 % 1,5 %

Akershus Akershus

– Population – Employment – Cars and car-use – Energy use METREX Conference

1,0 % 1,0 %

Rest Restofof Norway Norway

0,5 % 0,5 %

0,0 % 0,0 % 1990 1990

1995 1995

2000 2000

2005 2005

Oslo package 3: Local proposal for continuation after 2007 • A major breakthrough – Political leadership – not an election issue!

• Cross party support for a joint program of continued transport renewal: – Improved capacity & living conditions – No increased congestion despite traffic growth

• Highways and public transport, 55 % - 45 % • Subsidy for operating costs and investment in public transport METREX Conference

Oslo package programmes (Billion 2007-Euros)

OP 1

OP 2

OP 3 (proposed)

Total

1990-2007

2000-2011

2008-2028

1990-2028

Total funding

2,7

1,2

6,6

10,5

Government Toll ring Fares surcharge

1,2 1,5 0

1,0 0,2 0,1

1,6 4,9 0,2

3,8 6,6 0,3

Expenditure

2,7

1,2

6,6

10,5

Roads Heavy rail Public transport (investment) Public transport (running costs)

2,0 0

0 0,6

3,6 (1,4)

5,6 2

0,7

0,5

2,0

3,2

0

0

1,0

1,0

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Oslo kommuneplankart

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Oslo package 3: Local priorities Modernisation of roads and public transport: • Support for running costs and investments • Rehabilitation of central underground • Light rail and transport terminals ..which enables: • Land released for urban development • Reduced local pollution METREX Conference

A road-tunnel under the harbour will open up the waterfront for urban renewal

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Modernised urban light rail will serve key growth areas

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Oslo package 3: Status and challenges • A fragile political compromise between – Parties of all colours – City and surrounding County

• Parliamentary approval 2009 – Otherwise the Oslo package may be stopped

• Creating a local organisation to increase local influence on the Oslo package METREX Conference

Oslo-package 3 will contribute to reducing climate gases 170

Utviklingen i klimagassutslipp i Oslo og Akershus Climate emissions in Oslo/Akershus, 1991-2030 Historiske utslipp, referanseutvikling og virkningen av Oslopakke 3 Reference and impact of Oslo-package 3

160 150

Reference 2025 Referanse - 2025

Indeks 1990/1991 = 100

140

Oslo-package 3

130

Oslopakke - 2025 3 - 2025

120

Development

110

Climate-strategy Klimahandlingspakken goal for2010 2010 mål for

100

Historisk utvikling 19911991-2004 2004

Goal for the climate

90

"Klimahandlingspakken" strategy målsetninger

80 70 60 50

Goal for Oslo 2030 Bystyrets mål for 2030

40 30 1991

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1995

2000

2003

2004

2008

2012

2015

2020

2025

2030

Public support has been monitored

• Mixed support for the scheme • Enthusiasm for road-user support of public transport • Tangible results!

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Without Oslo package 3

• Increasing congestion on major roads and inner city • Unreliable transport for businesses • More traffic on local roads • Reduced standards of environment and road safety METREX Conference

What we have acheived

• • • • •

Significant extra funding Flexibility and independence Continuity and expansion in line with traffic growth Traffic growth concentrated on major road Broad understanding and acceptance of transport issues • Reliability for business transport – strengthening Oslo’s position METREX Conference