International migration in GCC countries Population Division Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations, New York Regional symposium on foreign workers in the GCC: Towards a common strategy Doha, Qatar 17-19 April 2007
International migration trends and their demographic consequences International migration policies and their implications for development Recommendations United Nations Population Division
Global migrant stock, 1990 – 2005 (millions) Region
1990
2005 Change
World More developed regions
155 82
191 115
23% 40%
Less developed regions
73
75
4%
GCC countries
9
13
49%
United Nations Population Division
Ten countries with the highest percentage of international migrants, 2005 (Countries with more than 500,000 inhabitants)
Qatar
78 71
United Arab Emirates Kuwait
62
Singapore
43
Bahrain
41
Israel
40
Jordan
39
Saudi Arabia Oman Switzerland
26 24 23 United Nations Population Division
Percentage of female migrants, 2005
United Nations Population Division
Foreign population by age and sex in four GCC countries (thousands) Kuwait (2001) 1,000 800 600 400 200 -
Oman (2003) 400 Male Female
Male Female
300 200 100 -
0-14
15-59
60+
0-14
15-59
United Arab Emirates (2005)
Saudi Arabia (2004) 2,000
4,000 Male Female
3,000
60+
Male Female
1,500
2,000
1,000
1,000
500 -
0-14
15-59
60+
0-14
United Nations Population Division
15-59
60+
National and foreign population by sex and age, Saudi Arabia, thousands (2004 census) 75+ 70 - 74
Male national
65 - 69
Male foreign
60 - 64 55 - 59
Female national
50 - 54
Female foreign
45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 '10-14
Males
'5-9 0-4
1500
1000
Females
500 United Nations Population Division
500
1000
1500
Percentage of women in the labour force in four GCC countries 30 Total Foreign
25 20 15 10 5 0 Bahrain 2003
Kuwait 2003
Qatar 2001
United Nations Population Division
Saudi Arabia 2002
Outflow of migrant workers from selected countries in Asia to GCC countries (latest available year) Thousands 700 600
Total outflow to GCC countries
500 400 300 200 100 0 Bangladesh India 2002 2005
Indonesia 2001
Pakistan 2003
United Nations Population Division
Philipiness 2003
Sri Lanka 2004
International migration as a component of population growth, 2000-2005
Rate per 1,000 population
25.0 20.0
Annual net migration Annual natural increase
15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 -5.0
More developed regions
Less developed regions
-10.0 United Nations Population Division
GCC
Projected working age population for GCC countries Projected population aged 15-59 (medium variant) 45
(millions)
40 35 30
7 million
With migration Without migration
25 20 15 10 5 0
2000
2010
2020
2030
United Nations Population Division
2040
2050
United Nations Population Division
Saudi Arabia
1200 40000 8000
20000 6000
4000
300 10000 2000
0 0 0
2050
United Araba Emirates
2050
10000
2045
50000
2045
1500 2040
0
2040
0 2035
0
2035
1000
2030
1000
2030
200
2025
2000
2025
4000
2020
5000
2020
1200
2015
Kuwait
2015
5000
2010
3000
2005
4000 (thousands)
6000
2010
30000
(thousands)
2050
2045
2040
2035
2030
2025
2020
1400
2005
2050
2045
2040
2035
2030
2025
2020
600 2015
Bahrain
2015
Qatar 2010
400
2005
600
(thousands)
800
2010
900
(thousands)
2050
2045
2040
2035
2030
2025
2020
2015
2010
2005
(thousands) 1000
2005
2050
2045
2040
2035
2030
2025
2020
2015
2010
2005
(thousands)
Projected population growth with and without migration, 2000-05 to 2045-50 Oman
3000
2000
International migration trends and their demographic consequences International migration policies and their implications for development Recommendations United Nations Population Division
Government policies regarding immigration, 2005
United Nations Population Division
International migration policies at the global level
There is a great diversity in international migration policies Migration policies have become somewhat less restrictive Growing preference for temporary migration schemes, especially regarding skilled migration United Nations Population Division
States Parties to international Instruments related to international migration
Arab World region GCC
1949 ILO Convention concerning Migration for Employment
45
1
0
1975 ILO Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers
21
0
0
1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
36
5
0
2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children
111
9
3
2000 Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Air and Sea
105
8
3
1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees
144
5
0
1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees
144
5
0
Total number of countries
195
16
6
United Nations Population Division
High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development
General Assembly, 14-15 September 2006 President H.E. Sheikha Haya Rashed Al Khalifa of Bahrain High-level participation • 132 Member States plus 14 observers • 90 Vice-Ministers or Ministers United Nations Population Division
Report of the UN Secretary-General for the High-level Dialogue: key messages
A.
B.
C.
International migration is a key component of globalization International migration is a positive force for development, both in countries of destination and in countries of origin Strengthen international cooperation (Global Forum) United Nations Population Division
High-level Dialogue outcomes 1.
2.
3.
Human rights, tolerance and mutual adaptation Realize potential of migration as a force for development through co-development Develop migration policies and reduce irregular migration
4.
Combat trafficking and smuggling
5.
Promote migrant entrepreneurship
6.
Improve migration information and data United Nations Population Division
First meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development
Organized by Government of Belgium, 9 to 11 July 2007, Brussels, Belgium
Civil society meeting (9 July)
Plenary and 3 round-tables (10-11 July)
United Nations Population Division
International migration trends and their demographic consequences International migration policies and their implications for development Recommendations United Nations Population Division
Recommendation 1 Improve collection, processing, tabulation and dissemination of data on the international migrant stock
Core characteristics (sex, age, country of origin, education, occupation) Collect country of birth and country of citizenship 2010 round of census United Nations Population Division
Recommendation 2 Improve collection, processing, tabulation and dissemination of data on international migration flows
Core characteristics (country of origin, admission category) Purpose of migration (work, study, family, settlement, asylum) Administrative data (residents permits, visa issuance) United Nations Population Division
Recommendation 3 Implement UN recommendations and adopt Conventions related to international migrants
Implement UN statistical and census recommendations Adopt internationally accepted nomenclature Ratify international instruments United Nations Population Division
Population Division United Nations www.unpopulation.org www.unmigration.org
