INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL TRIBAL UNIVERSITY, AMARKANTAK. Minutes of the Meeting of Board of studies of Tourism

INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL TRIBAL UNIVERSITY, AMARKANTAK Minutes of the Meeting of Board of studies of Tourism The Meeting of Board of Studies of Tourism...
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INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL TRIBAL UNIVERSITY, AMARKANTAK Minutes of the Meeting of Board of studies of Tourism

The Meeting of Board of Studies of Tourism was held on February 13 and 14, 2010 at Maikal Sadan University Office, Amarkantak. Following members were present in the meeting:

1. Prof. M.N.P. Tiwari Department of History of Art and Tourism Management Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P. 2. Prof. O.P. Kandari Institute of Hotel & Tourism Management Bundelkhand University Jhansi, U.P. 3. Prof. G. Anjaneya Swamy Department of Tourism Studies Pondichery University Pondichery The terms of reference of the meeting were as under: I: Formulation of course structure (syllabi) of B.A. (Hon)Tourism, proposed to be introduced w.e.f. Academic Session 2010 - 2011 II: Consideration of continuance of the existing syllabi till the implementation of new course structure Proceedings: Agenda Item - I The Committee discussed the structure and contents of the proposed study programme, while also taking the cognizance of the syllabi of undergraduate level tourism courses of 1

Delhi University, B H U, Kurukshetra University, Bundelkhand University, M.D.U. and Agra University and, unanimously recommended the construction of B.A. (Hons)Tourism course as per below: Nomenclature of the Course:

B.A. (Hons) Tourism

Scheme of Examination:

Semester Pattern

Year of Commencement:

2010-11

Total Number of Papers on Tourism:

10 (Ten)

Course No.

1

2 3

4

5 6 7

8 9 10

Papers

Marks

Internal Marks

Total Marks

80

20

100

80

20

100

80

20

100

80

20

100

Paper – 5: Travel Agency and Tour Operations Business

80

20

100

Paper – 6: Computer Application in Tourism

80

20

100

Paper – 7: Emerging International Tourism Trends

80

20

100

80

20

100

80

20

100

SEMESTER- I Paper – 1: Conceptual Framework of Tourism SEMESTER II – II Paper – 2: Tourism, Hospitality and Transportation: Linkages and Interdependence SEMESTER - III Paper – 3: History and Culture of India SEMESTER - IV Paper – 4: Tourism Resources of India SEMESTER - V

SEMESTER - VI Paper – 8 Tourism Resources of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh Paper – 9 Destination Planning and Development Paper – 10; Part One - Field Trip Report

50*

Paper – 10; Part Two - Training Report

50*

GRAND TOTAL 2

800

200

1000

*Note:

Paper – 10 shall comprise of two parts - i.e., (i)Field Trip Report and (2) Training Report. Each part shall bear a maximum of 50 marks of which 20 marks shall stand for viva voce and the remaining 30 shall be for the assessment of the respective reports submitted by the students. The students of BA(Hons) Tourism shall have to go on extensive field study tour after their second semester examinations and subsequently submit a detailed report on the subject in the beginning of sixth semester. Likewise, the students shall have to go on a four weeks’ on-the-job training in any leading tourism enterprise which duly approved by the Department and submit Training Report at least one month before the commencement of their final semester examinations. Evaluation of Training Report and Project Report shall be done by different panel of examiners, each comprising of one external and one internal evaluator as recommended by the BOS and approved by the Vice Chancellor. Derailed contents of the syllabi as recommended by the committee are enclosed as annexure - I

Agenda Item – II The Committee unanimously recommended that the existing syllabi be continued till the implementation of new course structure (annexure – II).

(Prof. M.N.P. Tiwari)

(Prof. O.P. Kandari)

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(Prof. G. Anjaneya Swamy)

B.A. (Hons) Tourism - Ist Year There will be two compulsory papers of 80 Marks each in B.A. Part I Tourism Hons. SEMESTER I Paper – 1

Conceptual Framework of Tourism Learning Objective

This paper is specifically aimed at creating a clear perception of the incumbents on conceptual and philosophical framework of Tourism. It explain the various influences and processes responsible for the tremendous growth of the leisure industry, defines the core terminology of the discipline and elucidates the complex intra and inter sectoral structure of the travel trade, as well as, its trans territorial and trans disciplinary interdependence. At the end, it makes the candidates to understand the multifaceted positive and negative impacts of tourism on the socio-cultural, economic and ecological environment of the destination.

Unit - I

Tourism: Definition, Meaning, Nature and Scope Tourist, Traveller, Visitor and Excursionist - definition and differentiation Leisure, Recreation and Tourism interrelationship Concept Resource, Attraction, Product, Market, Industry and Destination in the context of Tourism. Components and Elements of Tourism The Tourism System

Types and Typologies of Tourism

Unit – II

Travel and Tourism through the Ages: Early Travels, 'Renaissance’ and ‘Age of Grand Tours'; Emergence of Modern Tourism Travel and Tourism motivators and Relevance of understanding Tourism Motivations Factors affecting growth of International Tourism; Concept of Push and Pull forces in Tourism Impacts of Industrialization and Technological Advancements

Unit – III

Tourism Infrastructure - Types, Forms and Significance Infrastructure with special reference to Accommodation, Travel Trade and Transport Sectors; Other Support Infrastructure. Interdisciplinary, trans disciplinary and multi-disciplinary nature of Tourism.

Different approaches to study Tourism

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Unit - IV

Concept of demand and supply in Tourism; Unique features of Tourist Demand; Complimentarily in Tourist Demand Tourism Supply mix and need for integrated approach; Constraints in creating ideal destination/supply mix

Chain of distribution in tourism and the significance of vertical and horizontal integration.

Unit – V

Tourism Impacts Economic impacts; income and employment multipliers of Tourism. Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism Impacts of Tourism on Ecology and Environment

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SEMESTER II Paper – 2 Tourism, Hospitality and Transportation - Linkages and Interdependence Learning Objective Accommodation and Transportation are the two integral components of Tourism Industry on which depends the ultimate success of any destination. In other words, tourism is not possible without these two key integrals. This paper is aimed at developing the insight of the students on the development of hospitality and transportation sectors over the years and their present status with operational and functional perspectives. It also explains the nature and significance of intra and inter sectoral linkages of accommodation and transportation sectors and, the role and contribution of these two in the progress of tourism industry.

Unit - I

Hospitality: Origin of the concept; meaning, nature and dimensions. Accommodation: Type and Forms; distinction between Hotel, Motel and Resort Properties Origin and Growth of the Hotel Industry with special reference to India. Type and forms of Hotels; Concept of Heritage Hotels Classification and Gradation of Hotels Hotel Classification in India; procedure and requirement

Unit – II

Functional Departments of a Standard Hotel: Front Office, Food and Beverages (F&B), Housekeeping and Food Production; Back office Organizational structure of a standard International Hotel Multinational hotel chains and their impact on hoteliering business with special reference to Developing Countries Major Multinational Hotel Chains operating in India. Multinational Hotel of Indian origin.

Unit -III

Transportation - Dynamically Changing needs and means Landmarks in the development of Transport Sector and their impact on socioeconomic, cultural and ecological environment. Transport System: Type and Forms Tourism Transport Tourism, Hospitality and Transportation - linkages and inter-relationship Contribution of I. T. D.C. in the development of Hospitality and Transport sector

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Unit -IV

Air Transportation; origin and growth Scheduled and Non-scheduled Airlines Services and Air Taxis IATA and ICAO; role and contribution in the development of Airlines Sector Air Transport Industry in India; Domestic and International Airlines; performance of Private Airlines DGCA: Inputs and Functions Water Transport System – Development over the years; Cruise Ships, Ferries, Hovercraft, River and Canal Boats; Fly Cruise. Prospects for Growth of Water Transport in India

Unit- V

Road Transport: Changing Dimensions Status of Road and Rail Transport System in India: State and Inter-state Bus and Coach Network; Public and Private Sector involvement; State of Tourist Transportation; Car Hire Companies; Rent-a-Car Scheme and tourist coach companies Social-economic contribution of Indian Railways; Introduction of special operations like Rajdhani, Shatabdi and Gareeb Rath Express etc Exclusively Tourism Oriented Services; Indrail pass; Palace on Wheels, Royal Orient and Maharaja Express etc Input of Professionalization in Information and Reservation procedures

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B.A. (Hons) Tourism – IInd Year There will be two compulsory theory papers of 80 Marks each in B.A. IInd Year Tourism Hons. SEMESTER III Paper – 3 History and Culture of India Unit -I History and Culture - Definition, Source, Scope and Importance in reference to Tourism. Brief History of Tourism in India. Unit –II Per iodization, Pre-history, Indus Valley Civilization, Vedic Period, Epics and Archaeology Unit –III Maurya – Shunga - Kushan – Gupta and Harsha Periods of Classical Development – Religion, Philosophy, Art, Literature, Society, Science, Economy and Foreign Contact. Unit –IV Early Medieval India ( 700 to 1200 AD) Brief Introduction to History and Society of North India – Pratihera, Pala, Chandella, Kalchuri, Paramara, Solanki, Bhaumkar (Orissa) Brief Introduction to History and Society of South India – Chalukya, Pallaya, Rastrakuta, Chola, Hoyasala. Unit –V Medieval and Modern India – Cultural Contributions of Mughals and Europeans. Bhakti Movement – ( 12th to 16th Century) – Ramanuja, Ramanand, Kabir, Tulsai, Meera, Raidasa, Chaitanya, Nanak. Renaissance or Revival of Indian Culture in 19 th Century. Brief History of Independence of India.

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SEMESTER IV Paper – 4 Tourism Resources of India Unit-1 Tourist attractions- Natural, Historical and Modern Important- Tourist attractions of India- important tourism Circuits- golden triangle - Delhi, Agra, jaipur, Diamond triangle - Puri, Konark Bhubaneswar, Mysore, Bangalore, Ooty. Southern triangle - Mahabalipuram, Kanchipuram-Madurai. Buddhist circuit - Lumbinie, Bodhgaya, Sarnath, and Kushinagpur. Unit-II Historical Tourism Resources- Sanchi, Khajuraho, Thanjaur, Halebid, Ellora, Ajanta, Madurai. Fair and Festival- Kumbh, Holi, Diwali, Pongal-Makarsankranti, Shivratri, Taj and Khajuraho Mahotsav. Unit-III Religious tourism- Chardham, Jyotirlinga Temples, Shaktipithas, Amarnath, Vaishnava Devi, Mathura, Kashi, Ayodhya, Kanyakumari, Madurai, Ajmir, Shatrunjaya Unit-IV Adventure tourism And Natural Resource- Definition, Types, Potentials of Adventure Tourism in India. Brief Introduction of wild life- Parks, Sanctuaries and Hill Stations. Unit-V Important sea Beaches of India- Mumbai, Puri, Goa, Chennai, Trivandrum, Andaman Nicobor Islands. Tourist Trains in India- Palace on Wheels, Heritage on wheels, Orient Express, Deccans Queens, Hill Trains in India. Main Dance Styles of India

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Paper – 4 Tourism Resources of India Learning objective: India is bestowed with fabulously rich and diverse treasures of natural and cultural tourist resources. This paper defines the national tourist resources, explains their typologies and subsequently provides a broad over-view on India's tourism resource potential. Representative case studies have also been incorporated to make better understanding of the students on the subject.

Unit - I Tourism Resource and Tourist Attractions: Definition and Differentiation Typology of Tourist Resources: (i) Natural, i.e., Bio – physical Resources (Landforms, Water Bodies, Geologic Features, Climate, Flora and Fauna etc. and (ii) Man Made, i.e., Socio-cultural Resources( Art, Craft, Monuments, Museums, Religious Centers, Historical and Archaeological Sites, Fairs and Festivals etc ) Unique features of Tourist Resources - Non-Consumability, Non-Perishability and Non Renewability Diversity of Natural Tourist Resources in India: Resource Richness in terms of Mountains, Glaciers, Water Bodies, Deserts, Beaches, Flora and Fauna etc.

Unit - II Scope for Mountaineering, Rock Climbing, Trekking and Ice Skiing, especially in Himachal and Uttaranchal Pradesh – brief introduction to Valley of Flowers Trek; Auli Ski Resort and Nanda Devi Peak Wildlife Resources; National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries; Case Study of Corbett and Kanha Tiger Reserves Prospects for Aero Sports; Bllooning, Para Sailing, Heli Skiing and Hand Gliding; Case Study of Billing (H.P.)

Unit - III Potential for Water Sports; River Running, Water Skiing and Surfing Rafting in Shiv Puri and Manali environs Beach and Coastal Tourism Destinations; Case Study of GOA, Krarala and, Andman and Nicobar Islands;

Unit – IV

Cultural Tourism Assets of India: Monuments, Museums, Historical Sites, Religious Centers, Fairs and Festivals, Art and Architecture etc. Monumental Heritage: Major Monuments of Golden Triangle; Monolithic Temples of Mahabaliuram; Khajuraho Temples; Sun Temple Konarkl; Cave Temples of Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta; Monumental Heritage of Karnataka Religious Resources; Shrines, Sites, Events and Rituals

10

Leading Pilgrim Destinations of of different Religions; The Four Hindu Dhamas; Tirupati Balaji; Vaishno Devi; Jain Temples of Dilwara and Ranakpur, Bodh Gaya, Snchi and Sarnath; Ajmer Sharif and Jama Masjid; Golden Temple and Hemkunt Sahib; Churches of GOA and Pondichery; Bahai Temple, New Delhi

Unit – V

Museums: National, State and Site Museums; Salient Features of National Museum Kolkatta and Salarjung Museum, Hyderabad; National Art Gallery(New Delhi) Living Culture and Performing Arts Fairs and Festivals of Touristic Significance –Kumbh Mela, Holi, Diwali, Dusshera, Pongal, Onam Bihu, Id and Christmas etc; Special Attraction of Rath Yatra of Poori, Mysore Dussehara, Holi of Brij, Snake Boat Race of Kerala, Durga Puja of Bengal and Ganeshotsava of Mumbai, Suraj Kund Craft Mela and Goa Karnival Touristic Appeal of Perfoming Arts of India: A broad overview on Indian Music, Dance, Sculpture, Paintings and Craftsmanship

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B.A. Part III (Hons) Tourism There will be five compulsory theory papers of 80 Marks each in B.A. Part 3 Tourism Hons. Note - Paper – 10 shall comprise of two parts - i.e., (i)Field Trip Report and (2) Training Report. Each part shall bear a maximum of 50 marks of which 20 marks shall stand for viva voce and the remaining 30 shall be for the assessment of the respective reports submitted by the students. SEMESTER V Paper – 5 Travel Agency and Tour Operations Business Learning Objectives: This set of Modules provides a precise overview on the organizational and operational perspectives of travel agency and tour operations business. The course systematically unravels the developmental history of travel trade, explains functional differences between travels agent and tour operators and the range of services provided by each of them and, highlights the intricacies involved in touristic services. The ultimate aim is to prepare a suitable background so that the incumbents could conveniently understand the various applied aspects of the discipline.

Unit - I Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business: Definition and Differentiation; Linkages and Scope Origin and Growth of Travel Agency and Tour Operations Sector Role and contribution of travel agency and tour operations sector in the Development of Tourism Industry.

Unit – II Functions of a Standard Travel Agency Travel Information, Documentation, Tour Counseling, Ticketing, Reservation and Itinerary Immigration related services etc. Space selling; Customer Service and Care Master key proposed by W AT A Source of Income: Commission, Service Charges and Mark up on Tours. Organizational Structure and Departmentation in a standard Travel Agency

Unit - III Functions of Tour Operators Negotiation and liasioning with principles Tour package formulation, pre-tour arrangements, tour operations and post-tour

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management. Tour operators' role as a principle, broker, whole seller and retailer. Tour Operators’ role and functions in Event Management. Source of income Organizational Structure and Departmentation

Unit - IV

Procedure for setting up Travel Agency and Tour Operating Enterprises; type of organization to be incepted i.e., proprietorship, partnership, private or public limited, etc. Conceptualization, Market Research, Feasibility Analysis, Source of Investment and other procedural requirements. Approval from (DOT) and other organizations. Compliance with concerned laws and regulations; Ethical and Regulatory framework Various incentives available to Travel Trade in India

Unit - V State of Travel agency and Tour Operations Sector in India Organization and Functions of TAAI and IATO IATA and Travel Trade Sector Impact of Technological advancements (especially in the field of Information Technology) on Travel Agency Business and Travel Trade Practices Impact of MNCs on Travel Trade Sector with special reference to India. Human Resource Plannining; Requirements, Recruitment and Selection, Training and Promotion - case study of SIT A, TCI and Thomas Cook

13

Paper – 6 Computer Application in Tourism Learning Objective Computer Applications is a relatively new but essential field in any modern framework of a study of fast multiplying information and data. The course has been designed to develop understanding of the students about the the basic operations of the computer and to aquint them with some key applications related to thee management of tourism and hotel facilities. The course requires consistent efforts on the part of the students to practice methods and mechanism of computing and analysis.

Unit – I: Introduction

Definition of Computer; input and output devices Generation of Computers; Mini Computers, Micro Computers, Mainframe Computers; Block Diagram of Computers Basic Understanding of Hardware and Software devices; Hardware: Input devices - Keyboard, Punch Card Reader, OMR, MICR, Bar Code Reader, Scanner, Digitizers, Floppy Disk Readers. Output Devices Display Screens, Printers, Filmed Output, Floppy Disks, Hard Disks and, Optical Disks etc Software: Operating Systems, Language Processors, Utility Programs, Sub routine Programmes, Databases, Word Processor, Spread Sheet AND Graphic Packages

Unit - II: Introduction To Windows & Ms Word Windows; functions and Advantages of Windows Introduction to MS Word, Document Window; Creating, Opening and Saving a Document; Editing Text, Viewing the Document, Formatting text, Adding Headers and Footers; Printing a Document Mail Merge.

Unit - III: MS Power Point Introduction to Power Point, Creating a new Presentation, Viewing a Presentation, Opening, Saving and Closing presentations; Entering and Editing, text, Formatting text, Drawing & Rotating Objects; Enhancing Objects

Unit - IV: Internet Introduction to Internet; Accessing Web Sites; e-mail, Sending and Receiving, e-mail Subscription, Search Engines, Searching through various Search Engines, Chatting, Access to Sites; Online Messages; Twitter and Face Book

14

Unit V: Computer Reservation System Introduction of CRS, CRS for Rail Transport, CRS for Hotel Booking, CRS for Airlines Amedeus CRS

15

Paper – 7 Emerging International Tourism Trends Learning Objectives: The paper intends to develop the insight of the students on ‘trends in International Tourism, in the past, present and future perspective and, the various processes and factors responsible therein’. It also explains regional distribution of international tourism, the existing disparities there-in and the changing tourism 'market-destination' trends. Describing the role of regional and internationals Tourism institutions and multinationals in the growth and development of Tourism, the course reviews the tourism development prospects of developing economies with special reference to SAARC countries in general and India in particular. The overall objective of this course is to equip the students with necessary knowledge on International Tourism trends and the related aspects, so that they could deal with planning, marketing or management perspectives of Tourism in an effective way.

Unit – I Growth in International Tourism over the years Global Tourist Traffic and Tourism Receipt Patterns in Contemporary Context Regional distribution of tourist traffic and tourism receipts; Regional disparities and Tourism Gap. Changing Market-Destination Trends and the Determining Factors to this effect. Tourism Leading Tourism Markets and Tourist Destinations of the World

Unit – II Emerging Concepts in International Tourism

Ethnic Tourism (Rural, Urban, Tribal, Agri and Farm Tourism etc) ‘Health’ and ‘Medical Tourism’; ‘Spiritual Tourism’

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‘Resort’ and ‘Holiday Tourism’ ‘Green’, ‘Eco’, ‘Wildlife’ and ‘Wilderness’ Tourism’ ‘MICE’ and ‘Shopping Tourism’ Newer Dimensions of Adventure Tourism

Unit – III Factors Responsible for Changing Tourism Concepts and Tourist Demand Patterns

Impact of Cultural, Economic, Political, Technological, Environmental and Ecological Perspectives on International Tourism International Tourism in future perspective; future projections Tourism Measurement-measurement of tourist traffic and receipt, measurement techniques and their limitations

Unit – IV

Role of International and Regional Tourism Organizations in growth and development of International Tourism with special reference to WTO, PATA, APTA and IATA Multinational and their contribution in promotion of International Tourism; their role and inputs in different sectors of Tourism - Transport, Accommodation, Travel Management, Publicity and Promotion; Leading Multinational of Indian Origin in Travel Trade and Hospitality Sector

Unit -V

Tourism Trends in SAARC Region India's Performance in International Tourism over the years; Existing Inbound and Outbound Tourism Trends Effective and Potential Tourism Markets of India Reasons Responsible for India’s Poor Share in International Tourism

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SEMESTER VI Paper – 8 Tourism Resources of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh Learning ObjectiveMadhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh are set in heart of India. Rich heritage, legendary pilgrim centers, breathtaking scenic beauty, unparalleled wildlife of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh make it truly unique. This paper covers natural and cultural tourism resources of both states. Unit – I Historical Tourism Resources : Monuments, Museums, Historical sites, Art and Architecture etc. Important Centers – Khajuraho, Gwalior, Sanchi, Bhojpur, Bhimbetica, Mandu, Orchha, Sirpur, Malhar, Tala, Pali, Kawardha, Janjgir, Raigarh, Bhoramdeo. Unit – II Religious Tourism Resources : Shrines, Centers, Fair and Festivals etc. Important Centers – Amarkantak, Ujjain, Omkareshwar, Chitrakoot, Maihar, Ratanpur, Seorinarayan, Rajim, Dantewada, Dongergarh, Champaran, Kunkari. Unit – III Natural Tourism Resources – Natural Resources in terms of Mountains, Flora and Fauna, Water Bodies etc. Wild Life – Bandhavgarh National Park, Kanger Ghati National Park, Achankmar and Udanti wildlife sanctuaries. Hill Stations – Pachmarhi, Amarkantak and Mainpat. Unit – IV Tribal Tourism Resources : Arts & Crafts, Fair and Festivals, Customs and Rituals, Dance and Music, Fair and Festivals of Tribes. Important Places – Bastar, Surguja, Mandala. Unit – V Tourist Circuits : Covering various attractions of both states. Tourist Circuits around Bhopal, Indore, Jabalpur, Khajuraho, Gwalior, Raipur, Bastar, Sarguja etc.

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Paper – 9 Destination Planning and Development Learning Objective Tourism has now emerged as one of the fastest growing industry of the world and is appreciated for bringing-in multifaceted economic, socio-cultural and environmental benefits to the destination. Therefore, almost every country is obviously endeavoring to promote tourism in a big way. This fact itself aptly signifies the importance of Destination Planning. Fact remains that tourism development is a very complex process on account of the multiplicity of goods, services and infrastructure involved. This course of study has been designed to equip the students with basic but systematic knowledge of Destination Planning Process and the various intricacies involved there-in. The incumbents would also be be able to know about Tourism Policy and the Destination Planning perspective in Indian context.

Unit - I

Concept of Planning; Significance of Planning; Conventional vis a vis Strategic Planning Destination and its Components Destination Planning: Nature, Purpose and Scope Objectives of Destination Planning Constraints in Destination Planning Consequences of unplanned Destination Development

Unit - II

Review of Destination Planning progress in International and Indian context Different Approaches to Destination Planning Levels and Types of Destination Planning Role and input of private and public sector in Destination Planning Role and contribution of Multinationals in Destination Promotion

Unit - III

Essentials of Destination Planning: Area Survey: Collection of Information on Physical, Socio-cultural, Economic and Ecological Perspectives of the Proposed Destination Collection, Documentation and Mapping of the Information related to available Tourist Attractions, Tourist Plant Facilities (i.e., Accommodation, Transportation and Travel Trade Services) and Support Infrastructure Assessment of Tourism Resource Potential Survey of Effective and Potential Tourist Markets (Market Segmentation and Identification of Target Markets)

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Unit - IV

Steps and Stages in Destination Planning: Conceptualization; Background Analysis; In-depth Research and Analysis; Synthesis; ‘Objective Setting, Goal Setting and Strategy Setting’ and ‘Plan’ Writing Phases Plan Implementation Phases Project Feasibility Study: Need and Essentials Plan Implementation

Unit - V Emerging Concepts in Destination Planning: Special Thrust on the Development of Sustainable; Responsible; Alternate and Appropriate Tourism Community Approach of Destination Planning’; Its Relevance with special reference to Developing Countries Place of Tourism in various Five Year Plans of India Tourism Policy and Planning Framework in India in Contemporary Context.

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Paper – 10 Part One - Field Trip Report Part Two - Training Report

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