“Basics in motion analysis “ Kinematics of GAIT Milan, Milan, September 1010-21 Sept 2007 Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 1...
“Basics in motion analysis “ Kinematics of GAIT Milan, Milan, September 1010-21 Sept 2007 Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
Video
Scheletro Course “Basics in Motion Gait Analysis” TRAMA Project Analysis September 10 - 12 th 2007
2
1
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
3
LEFT
Fig.44
HEEL STRIKE
TOE OFF
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
HEEL STRIKE 4
2
The report analysis
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
5
The spatial and temporal parameters
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
6
3
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
7
The gait cycle
Normal values Stance phase : 60%
Swing phase : 40%
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
8
4
Stance o appoggio
Swing o volo
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
9
The gait cycle
Stance phase o fase di appoggio: Swing phase
First double support Single limb stance Second double support
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
10
5
Fase di stance HEEL-STRIKE (INITIAL CONTACT): inizia il ciclo del passo. Il COG assume la posizione più vicina al terreno HEEL-OFF (TERMINAL STANCE) : il tallone si solleva dal terreno e inizia la fase propulsiva causata dai muscoli posteriori della gamba che flettono la caviglia (NORMALI: 30% - 50% gait cycle)
FOOT-FLAT (LOADING RESPONSE): la pianta del piede è completamente in contatto con il terreno (NORMALI: 0% - 10% gait cycle)
MIDSTANCE: inizia con lo stacco del TOE-OFF (PRESWING): termina piede controlaterale. Il COG è la fase di stance e il piede si stacca direttamente sopra il piede e dal terreno raggiunge il suo punto più alto (NORMALI: 50% - 60% gait cycle) (NORMALI: - 30% gait cycle) Analysis” TRAMA Project Course10% “Basics in Motion 11 September 10 - 12 th 2007
Fase di swing
INITIAL SWING: l’arto si sposta in avanti appena dopo lo stacco del piede; viene impressa all’arto un’accelerazione nella direzione dell’avanzamento NORMALI: 60% - 70% gait cycle)
MIDSWING: l’arto passa sotto il corpo. L’arto controlaterale è in midstance (NORMALI: 70% - 85% gait cycle)
TERMINAL SWING: l’arto continua il movimento in avanti e subisce una decelerazione per stabilizzarsi e prepararsi al successivo Course appoggio “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project (NORMALI: 85% - 100% gait cycle) th
September 10 - 12
2007
12
6
Other quantities Stridelength = Step Right + StepLeft
Right steplength
Left steplength
[cm] Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
13
Nomalization on subject high.
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
14
7
Step width
Step width [mm]
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
15
Cadence Number of step per unit time [step/min]
Walking speed Cadence *step lenght = Vel [m/s]
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
16
8
First sheet: Temporal parameters
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
17
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
18
9
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
19
Clinical example
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
20
10
Right hemiplegia
H=123 cm
Stance phase right: 65% Swing phase dx: 35%
Stance phase left: 56% Swing phase sx: 44%
Vel:0.80 m/sec vs 1,15 m/sec Step width 159 mm vs 130 mm norm Step lenght 846 mm a dx 852 mm a sx vs 1100 norm Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
21
Diplegia (1922)
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
22
11
Principali alterazioni dei parametri spazio/temporali
VIDEO
Pdf
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
23
Senza tutori
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
24
12
Senza tutori
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
25
Con tutori
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
27
Marker “real” (on the patient) Marker “Virtual” (Computed with a Mathematical computation)
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA ZgProject September 10 - 12 th 2007
28
14
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
Frontal
Sagittal
29
Horizontal
PELVIS
HIP
KNEE ANKLE Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
30
15
Main alterations
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
31
PELVIS
POSTERIOR TILT
GLUTEUS ,ischiocrurali, LUBAR CIFOSIS
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
32
16
PELVIS
ANTERIOR PELVIC TILT
Tension of hip flexors Weakness of hip extensors Weakness of abdominals Deficit in maintaining equilibrum Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
33
PELVIS: shape
SINGLE BUMP (EMIPLEGIA) DOUBLE BUMP (DIPLEGIA)
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
34
17
Scheletro
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
35
Anca
Alterazioni della funzione flessoria/debolezza estensori
Gait pdf
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
36
18
Anca abdotta
Video
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
Scheletro 37
KNE
INCREASED FLEXION AT INITIAL CONTACT Co-contraction quads e ischiocrurali Equinus Increased hip joint flexion
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
38
19
KNEE JOINT
RIDUCED FLEXION IN SWING Rectus femoris spasticity
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
39
Hemiplegia
Diplegia Skeleton Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
40
20
ANKLE JOINT
INCREASED DORSIFLEXION IN STANCE Triceps weakness Over lengthening of Achille Tendos
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
41
ANKLE JOINT Reduction of DORSIFLEXION IN STANCE Triceps spasticity
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
42
21
Ankle joint
INCREASED PLANTAL FLEXION IN SWING Triceps spasticity Drop foot
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
43
Diplegia
Hemiplegia
Gait
Scheletro
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
44
22
Foot progression
Video
Gait
Scheletro
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
45
Valutazione dello standing
Gait
Scheletro
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
46
23
Con e senza tutori
WHITOUT
WHIT
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
47
Thank you
Course “Basics in Motion Analysis” TRAMA Project September 10 - 12 th 2007
