Improving the implementation of responsible alcohol management practices by community sports clubs: an RCT Melanie Kingsland Hunter New England Population Health & The University of Newcastle
Co-authors, funders and partners Co-authors • Luke Wolfenden, Jennifer Tindall, Bosco Rowland, Karen Gillham, Maree Sidey, Patrick McElduff, John Wiggers
Primary funder • Australian Research Council
Project Partners • University of Newcastle, Australian Drug Foundation, Deakin University
Sports participation Worldwide, large numbers of people are involved in sport, for example… • 270 million people worldwide are actively involved in football/soccer1 • In Australia and England, 28% & 36% of people are involved in organised sport2,3 While…participation has many health and social benefits…
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Alcohol and sport • Higher rates of risky alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm amongst sportspeople and spectators than the general population4-6 • Particularly amongst team and contact sports and young males5-6 © Rafal Stachura | Dreamstime.com
Alcohol and sporting clubs • In Australia, many sporting clubs/venues sell alcohol under liquor licenses – legally required to do so responsibly • While… managing the sale, supply and promotion of alcohol in pubs, clubs, etc been found to be effective in reducing risky consumption and harm…7 • …sporting clubs consistently fail to implement best practice alcohol management practices8-9 • No RCTs testing effectiveness of interventions to improve such practices
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Study aims • To assess the impact of a multi-component implementation intervention in improving alcohol management practices of community sports clubs • To assess usefulness of, and satisfaction with, intervention components
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Study methods Design • Randomised controlled trial • 87 football clubs randomised to intervention/control groups (1:1)
Setting • Urban and rural regions of NSW
Participants – football clubs • Community, non-elite level • Australian Rules, Rugby Union, Rugby League, football/soccer
Alcohol management practices – Good Sports program Level 1: Liquor licensing legislation • eg. Intoxicated people are not permitted to enter club, be served alcohol, or be allowed to remain on premises
Level 2: Behaviour • eg. No cheap drinks, drinking games/promotions that encourage risky drinking
Level 3: Policy • eg. Written alcohol management policy developed and distributed to members
2 year implementation period (2010-2011)
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) • Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise • printed resources and project newsletters • game-day observational audits and feedback • training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) Capacity building action areas…
• Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise • Resource allocation – human resources
• printed resources and project newsletters • game-day
• Organisational development – management support observational audits and feedback
• training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) • Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise Capacity building action areas…
• printed resources and project newsletters
• Resource allocation – financial resources
• game-day observational audits and feedback • training in responsible service of alcohol
• tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) • Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise • printed resources and project newsletters Capacity building action areas… • game-day observational audits and feedback • Organisational development – recognition and reward systems
• training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) • Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise • printed resources and project newsletters • game-day observational audits and feedback Capacity building action areas…
• training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of
• Resource allocation – physical resources & support frommaking state tools sporting organisations decision and models • Organisational development – recognition and reward systems • Partnerships – relationships
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club Capacity building action areas…
• financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) • Good Sports
• Workforce development – performance accreditationmanagement and associated systems merchandise
• printed resources and project newsletters • game-day observational audits and feedback • training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) Capacity building action areas…
• Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise • printed resources and
• Workforce development – workforce learning project newsletters
• game-day observational audits and feedback • training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Implementation strategies • project officer allocated to each club • financial support/cost-recovery ($500 season) • Good Sports accreditation and associated merchandise Capacity building action areas…
• printed resources and project newsletters • Partnerships – relationships
• Organisational development – recognition • game-day observational audits and feedback and rewards
• training in responsible service of alcohol • tailored letters of support from state sporting organisations
Data collection and analysis Data collection • Computer-assisted telephone interviews • Baseline (2009) and post-intervention (2011) • Club representatives (eg presidents/secretaries)
Measures • Implementation of 16 alcohol management practices across 3 domains; Adequate implementation = ‘13 or more’ of 16 practices • Usefulness of each implementation strategy: not, somewhat, very • Amount of implementation strategy: too little, just right, too much
Analysis • logistic regression
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Results Alcohol management practices
Baseline
Post-intervention
Intervention
Control
Intervention
Control
(N=43)
(N=44)
(N=43)
(N=44)
Responsible service of alcohol practices (4 practices)
71%
69%
82%
68%
Policies and organisational practices (6 practices)
2%
2%
26%
0%
Drink promotions (6 practices)
64%
60%
71%
73%
Adequate implementation (‘13 or more’ of 16 practices)
50%
40%
88%
65%
OR (95% CI)
P-value
3.7 (1.1-13.2)
0.04
Results Rated ‘very’ or ‘somewhat’ useful
Amount of support rated as ‘just right’
Project Officer support
94%
85%
Implementation cost recovery
91%
59% 26% too little
Accreditation merchandise
91%
74% 18% too little
Printed resources
88%
85%
Observational audit feedback
85%
74%
Newsletters
82%
77%
Training in responsible service of
79%
56%
69%
59% 23% too little
Implementation strategy
alcohol State sporting organisation letters of support
Findings • Findings of this first RCT suggest… a multi-component implementation intervention can be successful in improving alcohol management practices in community football clubs © Rafal Stachura | Dreamstime.com
• FYI… this practice change resulted in significant reductions in risky drinking (15%, p=0.05) and risk of alcohol related harm (7%,