ICT strategic planning in theory and practice How can it be achieved? (1) Arvo Ott
Questions • IT policy as the driving force for change? • Centralized vers. decentralized? Coordination vers. direct management? • Implementation of strategies – Organization – Coordination tools: • • • •
Regulations Budget planning Human resource planning “soft methods” – training, discussion, awareness building etc.
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Driving forces of eGov o Stable and functioning organizational setup for coordination. o Leadership and political will. o Fixed info-political principles. o PPP, good telecom infrastructure and high level of eBanking o Supporting legal and fiscal frameworks. o Interoperable ICT architecture.
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Models of coordination (WB survey) • Model 1 – decentralized implementation, decentralized policy making (most countries are starting from here) • Model 2 – centralized implementation, centralized policy making (Kazakh, Korea, Singapur, India, Russia, Poland, Sri-Lanka, China..) • Model 3 – decentralized implementation, centralized policy making (USA, GB, Ireland, Estonia, Finland, Sweden?) • Model 4 – centralized implementation, decentralized policy making October 7-8, 2008 Tirana 4
Models – central policy makers • President or PM Office; • Special Ministry of ICT or Information Society or Development • One or few leading ministries (Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Transport and Telecom, Ministry of Economy…) • ”Outsourced” to the institution, with special mandate (Statskontoret was?)
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Framework I N F O R M A T I O N P O L I C Y October 7-8, 2008
G O V E R N M E N T A G R E E M E N T
Parliament
A C T I O N P L A N
Government Ministries
Informatics Council
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State for Citizen: from Business Plans to Information Policy (main pillars) • Favourable conditions for development of competitive economy • E-democracy and effective, accountable and transparent public sector • Protecting national language and culture • Fight against Digital Divide
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Example: Fixed info-political principles
• Citizen (customer) orientation • Leading role for the private sector • Efficient and transparent public sector. eDemocracy and participation. • Functioning model for protection of personal data • Measures against digital divide (ID-cards example…) • etc. October 7-8, 2008
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Public Service Model II
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Public Service Model III
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EXAMPLE: Estonian Information Society Strategy 2013 PRINCIPLES (1):
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the development of the information society in Estonia is a strategic choice with public sector leading the way in pursuing its principles; the information society is developed in a co-ordinated manner in cooperation between the public, private and third sector; • the public sector is a smart customer, ensuring that in public procurements as much freedom as possible is left for innovative solutions; • the information society is created for all Estonian residents, whereas particular attention is paid to the integration of social groups with special needs, to regional development and to the strengthening of local self-initiative; • the consistency of the Estonian language and culture is ensured; • the interests of both the creators and the users of intellectual property are taken into account; • the development of the information society must not undermine people’s sense of security. The protection of basic rights, personal data and identity must be ensured, and mitigation of non-acceptable risks in information systems must be guaranteed; October 7-8, 2008 Tirana 12 •
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PRINCIPLES (2):
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activities aimed at the development of the information society are linked to the R&D efforts in Estonia; • the information society and the opportunities it brings are taken into account in the elaboration of all sectoral policies; • trends occurring in the EU and elsewhere in the world are taken into consideration. Furthermore, as an active partner, Estonia shares its experience and learns from others; • the public sector employs the already existing technological solutions (i.e. the ID card, the data exchange layer X-Road) and avoids duplication of IT solutions; • the public sector re-organizes its business processes so as to ensure a one-off collection of data from citizens, entrepreneurs and public bodies; • the public sector gives equal treatment to different hardware and software platforms and ensures interoperability of information systems by using open standards; • the collection of data and the development of ICT-solutions proceed October 7-8,the 2008 Tirana 13 from principles of re-usability.
Example 1 of Action Plan:
1. GIS • GIS services for all authorized users and information systems
• Responsible: Ministry of Environment • Actions: – Land information system development – Use of OpenGIS architecture Budget prediction: 35 milj.kr.
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Example 2 of Action Plan
2. Document management and digital archives • All life-cycle of documents is digital in gov sector, • •
preconditions for long-term archiving of digital documents Responsible: State Chancellery Actions: – Document management as part of interoperability framework – Infrastructure for digital archiving
Budget Prediction: 12.6milj. October 7-8, 2008
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Example 3 of Action Plan
3. Population information system • Reorganization of population register • Responsible: Ministry of Internal Affairs • Actions: – Family register establishment – Information system for court resolutions – Integration with X-road Budget prediction: 13.3 milj. kr.
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Instruments of eGovernanance • Strategies and action plans • Coordination vers direct management • Implementation of strategies – Organization – Coordination tools: • • • •
Regulations Budget planning Human resource planning “soft methods” – training, discussions, awareness building etc.
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Government County Local governments governments IT managers Representative
Ministries Management representatives & IT managers of ministries
Subordinate agencies IT managers
IT councils of ministries Councils directors
ICT work groups of ministries
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IT councils of counties
Local government associations
Council representative
Informatics Council
IC secretariat
IT manager Department of State Information Systems (RISO) Tirana
Representative
ICT work groups of counties MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Informatics Centre
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ICT organization Head of Administration General undrestanding of ICT development; budget issues
Vice head of administration
Vice head of administration, responsible for devlopment
Vice head
Budget issues; action plans
Cooperation and problems to solve IT- manager / CIO
Functional departments
Functional departments
ACTIONS; PROCUREMENT Feedback IT department (IT centers)
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IT correspondents in the departments
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Legislation – – – –
Databases Act (1997/ 2006) Public Information Act (2001) Digital Signatures Act (2000) Act on Intellectual Property (applicable also for state databases) – Principles of Estonian Information Policy (1998, 2004) – Action Plan of Estonian Information Policy – (eEstonia) (1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006) – Personal Data Protection Act (1996) October 7-8, 2008
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Budgeting • Separate article of state budget: expenses for ITsubdivided into HW, SW and project work ordered from outside of government structures. For the last 8 years this budget has formed about 1% of the state budget. • All ministries, county governments and boards have independent IT budgets which are planned in cooperation of all CIOs. • For joint actions of several ministries the IT budget is often included in the budget of the ministry that is coordinating the work. October 7-8, 2008
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Thank you for your attention!
Arvo Ott, PhD Member of Management Board eGovernance Academy
[email protected] www.ega.ee October 7-8, 2008
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