Honors Biology- Midterm Review Name: 1.

Date:

A student reported that a wilted stalk of celery became crisp when placed in a container of ice water. The student's statement was based on A.

a deduction

B.

C.

a conclusion

D. an observation

3.

a hypothesis

The diagrams shown represent an investigation concerning the growth of bean plants. The roots of three identical bean plants were each placed through a hole in covered tubes containing water as shown in the diagrams. Nothing was done to plant A. Vaseline was used to cover the upper surface of the leaves of plant B. Vaseline was used to cover the lower surface of plant C. The water level of each tube was marked and the plants were placed together near a window. After 24 hours, the water level in each tube was measured.

A

B

C

Which tube represents the control for this investigation? 2.

A student reported that a wilted stalk of celery became crisp when placed in a container of ice water. The student then suggested that water entered the stalk and made it crisp. This suggestion is considered to be A.

a control

B.

C.

an observation

D. a variable

A.

A

B.

C.

B

C

a hypothesis

4.

page 1

In an experiment, the setup that provides a basis of comparison is known as A.

the conclusion

B.

a variable

C.

a control

D. the problem

5.

A new drug for the treatment of asthma is tested on 100 people. The people are evenly divided into two groups. One group is given the drug, and the other group is given a glucose pill. The group that is given the glucose pill serves as the A.

experimental group

B.

C.

control

D. indicator

7.

limiting factor

Male reproductive cells from numerous lubber grasshoppers, lake trout, and eld mice were examined and found to have a agellum. A valid conclusion that can be made based on this observation is that A.

only lubber grasshoppers, lake trout, and eld mice are likely to produce reproductive cells with a agellum

B.

all organisms produce male reproductive cells with a agellum

C.

only male organisms produce reproductive cells with a agellum

D. all male lubber grasshoppers, lake trout, and eld mice most likely produce reproductive cells with a agellum

6.

As part of an investigation, 10 bean seedlings in one setup were grown in the dark, while 10 seedlings in another setup were grown in sunlight. All other growth conditions were kept the same in both setups. The seedlings grown in the dark were white with long, slender stems. These seedlings eventually died. The seedlings grown in the sunlight were green and healthy. Which hypothesis was most likely being tested in this investigation? A.

Plants grown in the dark cannot perform the process of respiration.

B.

Sunlight is necessary for the normal growth of bean plants.

C.

Light is necessary for the germination of bean seeds.

8.

The diagrams shown represent elds of vision under the low power of the same compound light microscope (100 ). Diagram A shows the millimeter divisions of a plastic ruler and diagram B shows a sample of stained onion epidermal cells.

A

D. Light is necessary for proper mineral absorption by plants.

B

Structure X in diagram B indicates

page 2

A.

a nucleus

B.

a mitochondrion

C.

the cell wall

D. the cytoplasm

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

9.

A slide of the letters F and R is placed on the stage of a microscope in the position shown in the diagram. How would the image of the letters appear when the slide is viewed under the low power of a compound light microscope? A.

B.

C.

D.

13.

The eld of view becomes darker when a compound microscope is switched from low to high power. The eld of view can then be made brighter by A.

decreasing the size of the diaphragm opening

B.

increasing the size of the diaphragm opening

C.

refocusing with the ne adjustment

D. refocusing with the coarse adjustment 10.

A student prepares a wet mount of an onion epidermis and observes it under three powers of magni cation of a compound light microscope (40 , 100 , 400 ). Iodine stain is added to the slide. Under 400 magni cation, the student should be able to observe a

11.

A.

mitochondrion

B.

C.

ribosome

D. centriole

14.

nucleus

While focusing a microscope on high power, a student crushed the cover slip. The student probably A.

closed the diaphragm

B.

turned up the light intensity

C.

rotated the eyepiece

D. used the coarse adjustment

12.

The diagram shows an ameba moving out of the high-power eld of view of a compound microscope in the direction indicated by the arrow. What should be done to center the ameba in the eld of view and focus it sharply?

The diagram here shows a cell as seen in the low-power eld of a compound microscope. In which direction should the slide be moved to center the cell in the eld of view? A.

toward 1

B.

C.

toward 3

D. toward 4

A.

Move the slide to the right, and refocus with the ne adjustment.

B.

Move the slide to the right, and refocus with the coarse adjustment.

C.

Move the slide to the left, and refocus with the ne adjustment.

D. Move the slide to the left, and refocus with the coarse adjustment.

toward 2

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Honors Biology- Midterm Review

15.

The diagram shown represents a technique used in the preparation of a specimen for observation with a compound light microscope. Which technique is illustrated in the diagram?

A.

testing the specimen for starch

B.

placing the specimen under the coverslip

C.

sterilizing the specimen

17.

A compound light microscope is represented in the diagram.

D. staining the specimen Which microscope is correctly paired with its function?

16.

A student using a compound light microscope to study plant cells observed that most of the cells resemble the diagram shown.

A.

A—magni es the image of the specimen

B.

B—used for focusing only when the high-power objective is used

C.

C—provides the eld of view with the largest diameter

D. D—holds the specimen on the stage Which diagram best illustrates how these plant cells will appear after they are placed in a solution haveing a lower water concentration than the cells have? A.

B.

C.

D.

page 4

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

18.

A wet mount of an elodea leaf as seen under a compound microscope is shown in diagram A. After a student introduced a substance under the coverslip, the cells appeared as shown in diagram B. Which substance most probably was added?

21.

Which life activity is illustrated by the diagrams of the same cell shown?

A.

iodine stain

A.

reproduction

B.

B.

distilled water

C.

transport

D. growth

C.

salt solution

excretion

D. methylene blue stain 22.

19.

The organelle that is the site of cellular respiration is the A.

chloroplast

B.

nucleus

C.

mitochondrion

D. ribosome

The building blocks of both DNA and RNA molecules are known as A.

amino acids

B.

nucleotides

C.

hydrocarbons

D. polysaccharides

23.

Studies of vacuoles reveal that they are A.

sites for the attachment of spindle bers

B.

sites of cellular respiration

C.

reservoirs for water and dissolved minerals

D. information centers for all cellular activities 20.

The ribosomes is an organelle that functions in the process of A.

phagocytosis

B.

pinocytosis

C.

protein synthesis

D. cellular respiration

24.

page 5

An organelle found in most plant cells, but absent from animal cells, is the A.

contractile vacuole

B.

centriole

C.

chloroplast

D. Golgi complex

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

25.

Which organelle aids in the maintenance of cell homeostasis by selectively regulating the passage of materials into and out of the cell? A.

plasma membrane

B.

C.

lysosome

D. nuclear membrane

29.

Cell II most likely represents a plant cell due to the presence of

ribosome

A. 26.

A

B.

B

C.

E

D. F

A student prepared three di erent red blood cell suspensions as follows: Suspension

Contents

A B C

red blood cells + normal blood serum red blood cells + 10% salt solution red blood cells + distilled water

Which suspension, when viewed under the microscope, would contain red blood cells that appear wrinkled and reduced in volume? A.

A

B.

B

C.

C

30. 27.

Which suspension, when viewed under the microscope, would contain red blood cells that had swollen and burst apart? A.

28.

A

B.

B

C.

The presence of hydrolytic enzymes is most closely associated with cell organelles known as A.

contractile vacuoles

B.

lysosomes

C.

plastids

D. Golgi bodies

C

Which suspension represents the control in this investigation? A.

A

B.

B

C.

C

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Honors Biology- Midterm Review

31.

A study was made to determine the e ect of di erent salt concentrations on the number of contractions per minute of contractile vacuoles of paramecia. Four beakers of water containing di erent salt concentrations and equal numbers of paramecia were prepared. All other environmental conditions were kept constant. The paramecia were then observed with a compound microscope, and the contractions of the vacuoles were counted and recorded in the table shown.

33.

The arrows in the diagrams represent the direction of movement of a certain type of molecule through the cell membrane of two di erent cells. The dots represent the relative concentrations of this molecule. Which processes are illustrated in the diagrams?

Data Table Salt Beaker Concentration (mg/mL) A B C D

Contractions per Minute

0.000

5.5

0.010

2.5

0.001 0.100

4.0 1.5

According to the data, as the salt concentration increases, the number of contractions per minute changes. What most likely accounts for this change? A.

a decrease in the water concentration outside the paramecium

B.

a decrease in the salt concentration outside the paramecium

C.

an increased di usion of salt out of the paramecium

phagocytosis and di usion

B.

pinocytosis and osmosis

C.

active transport and di usion

D. dehydration synthesis and circulation

34.

D. an increased percentage of water in the paramecium

32.

A.

Which group of atoms varies from one type of amino acid to another?

According to the information in the data table, which statement is true? A.

Beaker B has a lower salt concentration than beaker A.

B.

Beaker C has a lower salt concentration than beaker D.

C.

The paramecia in beaker A respond the least to the water concentration in the beaker.

A.

1

B.

2

C.

3

D. 4

D. The paramecia in beaker D have nonfunctioning contractile vacuoles.

page 7

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

35.

In the diagram, which substance belongs in area Z ?

39.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the reaction below and on your knowledge of biology.

Which letter indicates a carboxyl group? A.

36.

A.

water

B.

C.

nitrogen

D. carbon

38.

B.

C.

B

C

D. D

oxygen

Which pH indicates a substance that is more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4 ? A.

37.

A

6

B.

2

C.

7

D. 12

40.

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the chemical reaction represented below and on your knowledge of biology.

Which formula represents an organic compound? A.

MG(OH)2

B.

C.

C12 H22 O11

D. NH3

This reaction is an example of

NaCl

Which compound is inorganic? A.

glucose (C6 H12 O6 )

B.

carbon dioxide (CO2 )

C.

ethane (C2 H6 )

A.

hydrolysis

B.

aerobic respiration

C.

dehydration synthesis

D. deamination

D. stearic acid (C18 H36 O2 )

page 8

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

41.

Two chemical equations are shown below.

43.

A maltose + water ! glucose + glucose

The graph shows the relationship between the rate of enzyme action and pH for three enzymes: pepsin, urease, and trypsin.

B lipid + water ! glycerol + fatty acids What do the letters A and B represent? A.

A – lipase; B – protease

B.

A – protease; B – maltase

C.

A – maltase; B – lipase

The optimum environment for pepsin is

D. A – maltase; B – protease

A.

a basic medium

B.

an acidic medium

C.

either an acidic or a basic medium

D. a neutral medium

44. Urease is most e ective at a pH of 42.

The structural formula of a molecule is shown below.

A.

45. The part of the molecule in the box is known as A.

a carboxyl group

B.

an amino group

C.

a phosphate group

D. a nitrogenous base

46.

page 9

5

B.

7

C.

9

D. 11

Most chemical reactions in organisms are regulated by organic catalysts known as A.

enzymes

B.

polysaccharides

C.

hormones

D. nucleotides

All enzymes are examples of organic molecules known as A.

proteins

B.

carbohydrates

C.

lipids

D. nucleic acids

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

47.

The diagram shows some stages of an enzyme-controlled reaction. Use the diagram and your knowledge of biology to answer the following question(s).

51.

The molecular formula for a particular compound is C12 H22 O11 . This compound is classi ed as a A.

carbohydrate

B.

lipid

C.

protein

D. nucleic acid

An enzyme-substrate complex is represented by A.

48.

A

B.

B

C.

C

D. D

52.

The function of enzymes in a cell is to

In which equation would x most likely represent a disaccharide? A.

amino acid + amino acid ! x + water

B.

fatty acid + fatty acid + fatty acid + glycerol ! x + water maltose + sucrose ! x + water

A.

serve as building material for all cell structures

C.

B.

control speci c chemical reactions

D. glucose + glucose ! x + water

C.

store energy for life processes

D. store hereditary information for new cells 53. 49.

Which letter indicates a molecule of disaccharide?

A.

A

B.

B

C.

C

A.

peptides

B.

polypeptides

C.

disaccharides

D. polysaccharides

D. D 54.

50.

Starch and glycogen are examples of a group of compounds classi ed as

Which molecules belong in area A? Organic Compound protein

The diagram shown represents the building block of a large molecule known as a

cellulose

End Products of Hydrolysis A B

A.

protein

B.

fatty acid

A.

nitrogenous bases

B.

C.

carbohydrate

C.

disaccharides

D. fats

amino acids

D. nucleic acid

page 10

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

55.

In living organisms, lipids function mainly as A.

sources of stored energy and transmitters of genetic information

B.

sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes

C.

transmitters of genetic information and catalysts of chemical reactions

58.

Which type of bond is formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another? A.

a covalent bond

B.

a coordinate covalent bond

C.

a hydrogen bond

D. an ionic bond

D. catalysts of chemical reactions and components of cellular membranes 59. 56.

A DNA nucleotide is composed of A.

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus

B.

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and calcium

C.

calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and iron

The atomic number of an atom is always equal to the total number of A.

neutrons in the nucleus

B.

protons in the nucleus

C.

neutrons plus protons in the atom

D. protons plus electrons in the atom

D. oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron

60.

Which is the atomic number of an atom with six valence electrons? A.

57.

In attempting to demonstrate the e ectiveness of a new vaccine, a scientist performed the experimental procedures shown. I.

61.

One hundred genetically similar rats were divided into two groups of 50 rats each (group A and group B)

II. Each rat in group A was given an injection of the vaccine suspended in a glucose-and-water solution. III. Each rat in group B was given an injection of a glucose-and-water solution containing no vaccine.

6

B.

8

C.

10

D. 12

The mass number of an atom is equal to the number of A.

neutrons, only

B.

protons, only

C.

neutrons plus protons

D. electrons plus protons

IV. After several weeks, all rats in both groups were exposed to the disease for which the vaccine was developed.

62.

Using one or more complete sentences, state the variable being studied in this experiment.

What is the mass number of an atom which contains 21 electrons, 21 protons, and 24 neutrons? A.

page 11

21

B.

42

C.

45

D. 66

Honors Biology- Midterm Review

Problem-Attic format version 4.4.202 c 2011–2013 EducAide Software _ Licensed for use by Jessica Cavanaugh Terms of Use at www.problem-attic.com Honors Biology- Midterm Review

01/14/2014

1. Answer:

D

21. Answer:

D

2. Answer:

B

22. Answer:

C

3. Answer:

A

23. Answer:

C

4. Answer:

C

24. Answer:

C

5. Answer:

C

25. Answer:

A

6. Answer:

B

26. Answer:

B

7. Answer:

D

27. Answer:

C

8. Answer:

A

28. Answer:

A

9. Answer:

D

29. Answer:

D

10. Answer:

B

30. Answer:

B

11. Answer:

D

31. Answer:

A

12. Answer:

D

32. Answer:

B

13. Answer:

B

33. Answer:

C

14. Answer:

A

34. Answer:

B

15. Answer:

D

35. Answer:

D

16. Answer:

C

36. Answer:

B

17. Answer:

A

37. Answer:

C

18. Answer:

C

38. Answer:

B

19. Answer:

B

39. Answer:

B

20. Answer:

C

40. Answer:

C

Teacher's Key 41. Answer:

C

42. Answer:

A

43. Answer:

B

44. Answer:

B

45. Answer:

A

46. Answer:

A

47. Answer:

B

48. Answer:

B

49. Answer:

A

50. Answer:

D

51. Answer:

A

52. Answer:

D

53. Answer:

D

54. Answer:

B

55. Answer:

B

56. Answer:

A

57. Answer:

The variable in this experiment is the vaccine.

58. Answer:

D

59. Answer:

B

60. Answer:

B

61. Answer:

C

62. Answer:

C

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