HIGHWAY TRANSPORT Of Hazardous Materials The transportation of hazardous materials by highway, as with other modes of transport, requires compliance with additional requirements specific to the mode of transport. These additional highway requirements are addressed below.
Accepting a Shipment No motor carrier may accept for transportation or transport any hazardous material classed as "Forbidden" in the 172.101 Hazardous Materials Table or hazardous materials not properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled or not in a condition for transport as required by the Hazardous Materials Regulations. (171.2)
CDL Hazardous Materials Endorsement The driver of a commercial motor vehicle that is required to be placarded for hazardous materials must have a hazardous materials endorsement on their Commercial Driver's License. (383.93)
Papers Shipping Papers Hazardous materials shipments must be accompanied by proper shipping papers, such as bills of lading, hazardous waste manifests, etc. During the course of the trip, the driver is responsible for maintaining the shipping papers according to requirements, so that they are easily accessible to authorities in case of accidents or inspection. • If the hazardous material shipping paper is carried with any other papers, it must be clearly distinguished, either by tabbing it or having it appear first. • When the driver is at the controls, the shipping papers must be within immediate reach when the driver is restrained by the seat belt. • The shipping papers must be readily visible to someone entering the driver's compartment, or in a holder mounted on the inside of the door on the driver's side. • If the driver is not in the vehicle, the shipping papers must be either in the holder on the door or on the driver's seat. (177.817) Each carrier receiving a shipping paper must retain a copy or an electronic image of the shipping paper for 375 days after the material is accepted by the carrier. Each shipping paper copy must include the date of acceptance by the carrier. Hazardous waste shipping papers must be retained for three years after the material is accepted by the initial carrier. (177.817) Emergency Response Information Most hazardous material shipments (except those that do not require shipping papers) ust have emergency response information on or in association with the shipping paper. If the information is in association with the shipping paper it may be in the form of the Emergency Response Guidebook, a Material Safety Data Sheet, or any other form that provides all the information required in §172.602. (172.602) In most cases, an emergency response phone number must be entered on the shipping paper. It can be immediately following the description of each hazardous material or if the number applies to every hazardous material entered on the shipping paper, entered once on the shipping paper in a clearly visible location. (172.604) Proof of Registration Motor carriers subject to the federal registration requirements must carry, on board each vehicle that is transporting a hazardous material requiring registration: • A copy of the carriers' current Certificate of Registration; or • Another document bearing the registration number identified as the "U.S. DOT Hazmat Reg. No.". (107.620)
Highway Transport of Hazardous Materials Class 1 (Explosive) Shipments Some special documents are required to be carried by drivers of vehicles transporting Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) materials: • A copy of Part 397, Transportation of Hazardous Materials; Driving and Parking Rules (Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations) • A document containing instructions on what to do in the event of an accident or delay in the shipment. This information must also include the name of the Class 1 materials hauled and names and phone numbers of all persons to.be contacted in the event of accident or delay. • Proper shipping papers. • A written route plan for the movement of Class 1 materials that complies with the requirements. (397.19) Hazardous Waste Shipment A driver must not accept a shipment of hazardous waste unless it is accompanied by a properly prepared Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest. Delivery of hazardous wastes must be made ONLY to the facility or alternate facility designated on the hazardous waste manifest. If delivery can not be made, the driver should contact his dispatcher or other designated official, immediately.
Loading/Unloading Securing Packages Any package containing any hazardous material that is not permanently attached to a vehicle must be secured against any shifting, including motion between packages, within the vehicle during normal transportation conditions. Packages having valves or other fittings must be loaded in a manner to minimize the likelihood of damage during transportation. (177.834) Each package bearing orientation arrow markings must be loaded on a vehicle or within a freight container in accordance with the arrow markings. The package must remain in this position during transportation. (177.834) No Smoking Smoking on or near any vehicle while loading or unloading any Class 1 (explosive), Class 3 (flammable liquid), Class 4 (flammable solid), Class 5 (oxidizer), or Division 2.1 (flammable gas) materials is forbidden. Further, care should be taken to keep all fire sources - matches and smoking materials in particular - away from vehicles hauling any of the above materials. (177.834) Set Handbrake During the loading and unloading of any hazardous materials shipment the handbrake on the vehicle must be set, and all precautions taken to prevent movement of the vehicle. (177.834) Tools Any tools used in loading or unloading hazardous material must be used with care not to damage the closures on any packages or containers, or to harm packages of Class 1 (explosive) material and other hazardous materials in any way. (177.834) Attending Vehicles There are attendance requirements for cargo tanks that are being loaded and unloaded with hazardous materials. Such a tank must be attended at all times during loading and unloading by a qualified person. The person who is responsible for loading the cargo is also responsible for seeing that the vehicle is attended. However, the carrier's obligation to oversee unloading ceases when all these conditions are met: • The carrier's transportation obligation is completed. • The cargo tank is placed on the consignee's premises. •
Motive power is removed from the cargo tank and the premises. (177.834)
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Highway Transport of Hazardous Materials A person qualified to attend the cargo tank during loading and/or unloading must be: • Alert. • Within 7.62 m (25 feet) of the cargo tank. • Have an unobstructed view of the cargo tank and delivery hose to the maximum extent practicable. • Aware of the nature of the hazardous material. • •
Instructed in emergency procedures. Authorized to and capable of moving the cargo tank if necessary. (177.834)
Segregation The regulations contain segregation requirements for highway transport that indicate which hazardous materials may not be loaded, transported or stored together. Materials which are in packages that require labels, in a compartment within a multi-compartmented cargo tank, or in a portable tank loaded in a transport vehicle or freight container are subject to the segregation requirements. (177.848) In addition to the following Table and §173.12(e), cyanides or cyanide mixtures or solutions may not be stored, loaded and transported with acids if a mixture of the materials would generate hydrogen cyanide, and Division 4.2 materials may not be stored, loaded and transported with Class 8 liquids. (177.848) Except as mentioned in the previous paragraph hazardous materials may not be loaded, transported, or stored together for highway transport, except as provided in the following Table. (177.848) SEGREGATION TABLE FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Class or division
Notes
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6 2,1
2,2
2.3 Gas
X X 0 X
2.3 gas Zone B X X 0 X
X
0
11
'
Explosives ................................ Explosives ................................ Explosives ................................ Very insensitive explosives 1.5 Extremely insensitive 1.6 explosives.
A
A
* * *
Zone
*
*
* *
*
Flammable gases ...................... Non-toxic, non-flammable 2.2 gases.
X X
Poisonous gas Zone A.... 2.3
X
Poisonous gas Zone B................ Flammable liquids ..................... Flammable solids ....................... Spontaneously combustible 4.2
X X X X
X
0
X
X
Dangerous when wet
4.3
Oxidizers ..................................
A
X
* * *
0
X X
X
0
X X
0 0
X X X X X
X X 0 X
X
X 0 0 0 0
X
X
0
X X
0 0
X
X
X
X X
X X
0
X X
0
X
0
Corrosive liquids .......................
X
X
0
X
4.1
4.2
4.3
5.1
5.2
X X 0 X
X
X X 0 X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
0
X 0
X 0
X 0
X 0 0
X 0
$ liquids only X X 0 X
0
X 0 X
0 X
X
X
6.1 liquids 7 PG I Zone.A X X X 0 X X
0
X 0 X X X
Organic peroxides ..................... Poisonous liquids PG I 6.1 Zone A. Radioactive materials ................
X
X
3
X
X
X
X
X
0
X
0
0
0
X X
0 X
X
0
X X
0 0 X
X
Instructions for using the segregation table are as follows: The absence of any hazard class or division or a blank space in the Table indicates that no restrictions apply. The letter "X" in the Table indicates that these materials may not be loaded, transported, or stored together in the same transport vehicle or storage facility during the course of transportation. The letter "0" in the Table indicates that these materials may not be loaded, transported, or stored together in the same transport vehicle or storage facility during the course of transportation unless separated in a manner that, in the event of leakage from packages under conditions normally incident to transportation, commingling of hazardous materials would not occur.
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Highway Transport of Hazardous Materials
Notwithstanding the methods of separation employed, Class 8 (corrosive) liquids may not be loaded above or adjacent to Class 4 (flammable) or Class 5 (oxidizing) materials; except that shippers may load truckload shipments of such materials together when it is known that the mixture of contents would not cause a fire or a dangerous evolution of heat or gas.
The "*" in the Table indicates that segregation among different Class 1 (explosive) materials is governed by the compatibility table for Class 1 (explosive) materials. The note "A" in the second column of the Table means that, notwithstanding the requirements of the letter "X", ammonium nitrate (UN1942) and ammonium nitrate fertilizer may be loaded or stored with Division 1.1 (explosive) or Division 1.5 materials. When the §172.101 Table or §172.402 requires a package to bear a subsidiary hazard label, segregation appropriate to the subsidiary hazard must be applied when that segregation is more restrictive than that required by the primary hazard. However, hazardous materials of the same class may be stowed together without regard to segregation required any secondary hazard if the materials are not capable of reacting dangerously with each other and causing combustion or dangerous evolution of heat, evolution of flammable, poisonous, or asphyxiant gases, or formation of corrosive or unstable materials. (177.848)
Placards The Hazardous Materials Regulations require most vehicles hauling hazardous goods to be placarded. The shipper is responsible for providing the appropriate placards to the motor carrier for a shipment. The carrier is responsible for applying them correctly to the vehicle and maintaining them during transport (172.506). In addition, carriers are responsible for any placarding necessitated by aggregate shipments which collect at their terminals. Large freight containers (640 cubic feet or more) must be placarded by the shipper. Placards must be affixed on all four sides of the vehicle, trailer or cargo carrier (172.504). The front placard may be on the front of the tractor or the cargo body (172.516). Placards must be removed from any vehicle not carrying hazardous materials (172.502).
On The Road Railroad Crossings Any marked or placarded vehicle (except Divisions 1.5, 1.6, 4.2, 6.2, and Class 9), any cargo tank motor vehicle, loaded or empty, used to transport any hazardous material, or a vehicle carrying any amount of chlorine, must stop at railroad crossings. (392.10) Stops must be made within 50 feet of the crossing, but no closer than 15 feet. When you determine it is safe to cross the tracks, you may do so, but do not shift gears while crossing the tracks. (392.10) Stops need not be made at: • Streetcar crossings or industrial switching tracks within a business district. • Crossings where a police officer or flagman is directing traffic. • Crossings which are controlled by a stop-and-go traffic light which is green. • Abandoned rail lines and industrial or spur line crossings clearly marked "exempt". (392.10) Tunnels Unless there is no other practicable route, marked or placarded shipments of hazardous materials: should not be driven through tunnels. Operating convenience cannot be used as a determining factor in such decisions. (177.810) In addition, the provisions of the Hazardous Materials Regulations do not supersede state or local laws and ordinances which may be more restrictive concerning hazardous materials and urban vehicular tunnels used for mass transportation. (177.810)
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Highway Transport of Hazardous Materials Routing A motor carrier transporting hazardous materials required to be marked or placarded shall operate the vehicle over routes which do not go through or near heavily populated areas, places where crowds are assembled, tunnels, narrow streets, or alleys, except when: • There is no practicable alternative; • It is necessary to reach a terminal, points of loading or unloading, facilities for food, fuel, rest, repairs, or a safe haven; or • A deviation is required by emergency conditions. (397.67) Operating convenience is not a basis for determining if a route can be used. A motor carrier shall also comply with the routing designations of States or Indian tribes as authorized by federal regulations. (397.67) Attending Vehicles Any marked or placarded vehicle containing hazardous materials which is on a public street or highway or the shoulder of any such road must be attended by the driver. Except when transporting Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 materials, the vehicle does not have to be attended when the driver is performing duties necessary to the operation of the vehicle. (397.5) What exactly does "attended" mean? In terms of the regulations a motor vehicle is attended when the person in charge is on the vehicle and awake (cannot be in the sleeper berth) or is within 100 feet of the vehicle and has an unobstructed view of it. (397.5) Fueling When a marked or placarded vehicle is being fueled, the engine must be shut off and a person must be in control of the fueling process at the point where the fuel tank is filled. (397.15) Parking Marked or placarded vehicles containing hazardous materials should not be parked on or within five feet of the traveled portion of any roadway. If the vehicle does not contain Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 material, it may be stopped for brief periods when operational necessity requires parking the vehicle, and it would be impractical to stop elsewhere. Further restrictions apply to vehicles hauling Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) materials. Standard warning devices are to be set out as required by law when a vehicle is stopped along a roadway. (397.7) Emergency Carrier Information Contact If a transport vehicle (semi-trailer or freight container-on-chassis) contains hazardous materials that require shipping papers and the vehicle is separated from its motive power and parked at a location [other than a facility operated by the consignor or consignee or a facility subject to the emergency response information requirements in §172.602(c)(2)] the carrier must: Mark the vehicle with the telephone number of the motor carrier on the front exterior near the brake hose and electrical connections, or on a label, tag, or sign attached to the vehicle at the brake hose or electrical connection; or Have the shipping paper and emergency response information readily available on the transport vehicle. (172.606) These requirements do not apply if the vehicle is marked on an orange panel, a placard, or a plain white square-on-point configuration with the identification number of each hazardous material contained within. The identification number(s) must be visible on the outside of the vehicle. (172.606) Carriers must instruct drivers of vehicles transporting hazardous materials that require shipping papers to contact them (e.g., by telephone or radio) in the event of an incident involving the hazardous material. (172.606)
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Highway Transport of Hazardous Materials Tire Checks The driver of any vehicle which must be marked or placarded because it contains hazardous materials, must examine each tire on their vehicle at the beginning of each trip and each time the vehicle is parked. (397.17) If any defect is found in a tire, it should be repaired or replaced immediately. The vehicle may, however, be driven a short distance to the nearest safe place for repair. (397.17) If a hot tire is found, it must be removed from the vehicle immediately and placed at a safe distance from the vehicle. Such a vehicle may not be operated until the cause of the overheating is corrected. (397.17) Smoking No person may smoke or carry any lighted smoking materials on or within 25 feet of marked or placarded vehicles containing any Class 1 (explosive) materials, Class 5 (oxidizer) materials or flammable materials classified as Division 2.1, Class 3, Divisions 4.1 and 4.2, or any empty tank vehicle that has been used to transport Class 3 (flammable) liquid or Division 2.1 (flammable gas) materials. (397.13) Fires A marked or placarded vehicle containing hazardous materials should not be driven near an open fire; unless careful precautions have been taken to be sure the vehicle can completely pass the fire without stopping. In addition, a marked or placarded vehicle containing hazardous materials should not be parked within 300 feet of any open fire. (397.11) Damaged Packages Packages of hazardous materials that are damaged or found leaking during transportation, and hazardous materials that have spilled or leaked during transportation, may be forwarded to their destination or returned to the shipper in a salvage drum in accordance with the regulations. (177.854) Packages may be repaired in accordance with the best and safest practice known and available. (177.854) Any package repaired in accordance with the requirements in the regulations may be transported to the nearest place where it may safely be disposed. This may be done only if the following requirements are met: • The package must be safe for transportation. • The repair of the package must be adequate to prevent contamination of other lading or producing a hazardous mixture with other lading transported on the same motor vehicle. • If the carrier is not the shipper, the consignee's name and address must be plainly marked on the repaired package. (177.854) In the event any leaking package or container cannot be safely and adequately repaired for transportation or transported, it shall be stored pending proper disposition in the safest and most expeditious manner possible. (177.854) Vehicle Maintenance No person may use heat, flame or spark producing devices to repair or maintain the cargo or fuel containment system of a motor vehicle required to be placarded, other than COMBUSTIBLE. The containment system includes all vehicle components intended physically to contain cargo or fuel during loading or filling, transport, or unloading. (177.854) Vehicle Emergency Movement As a rule, a driver may not move a vehicle that is not properly marked and placarded, if required by the regulations. However, in certain emergency situations, a vehicle not properly marked and placarded may be moved if at least one of the following conditions is met: • Vehicle is escorted by a state or local government representative. • Carrier has received permission from the Department of Transportation. • Movement is necessary to protect life and property. (177.823)
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Highway Transport of Hazardous Materials Hazard Warning Signals It is recommended that flame producing signals not be used when transporting hazardous materials of any type. The use of flame producing signals is specifically prohibited for any vehicle transporting Division 1.1, 1.2 or 1.3 (explosive) materials or any cargo tank motor vehicle used to transport Class 3 (flammable liquids) or Division 2.1 (flammable gas) materials, loaded or empty. In place of flame producing signals, emergency reflective triangles, red electric lanterns, or red emergency reflectors should be used. Emergency signals shall be used as required in 392.22 of the Motor Carrier Safety Regulations. (392.25)
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Rev 04/10
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS - HIGHWAY TRANSPORT Image completed page to
[email protected] - Test will be scored and returned with certificate
Circle your answer 1.
TRUE
FALSE
If the driver is not in the vehicle, the hazardous materials shipping papers must be either in a holder mounted on the inside of the driver side door, or on the driver's seat.
2.
TRUE
FALSE
An Emergency Response Guidebook must be easily accessible in the vehicle at all times.
3.
TRUE
FALSE
All hazardous materials may be safely shipped together and/or with non-hazardous materials
4.
TRUE
FALSE
It is the shipper's responsibility to provide, apply, and maintain appropriate placards for a shipment.
5.
TRUE
FALSE
A hazardous material placarded vehicle must stop within 50 feet, but no closer than 15 feet of all railroad crossings.
6.
TRUE
FALSE
7.
TRUE
FALSE
The driver of any vehicle which must be placarded because it contains hazardous materials, must examine each tire on their vehicle at the beginning of each trip and each time the vehicle is parked.
8.
TRUE
FALSE
A marked or placarded vehicle containing hazardous materials may be parked wtihin 300 feet of an open fire.
9.
TRUE
FALSE
Packages of hazardous materials that are damaged or found leaking during transportation may be repaired in accordance with the best and safest practice known and available.
10.
TRUE
FALSE
When hazard warning signals are needed, it is recommended to use flame producing signals while transporting hazardous materials.
Any placarded vehicle containing hazardous materials which is on a public street or highway or the shoulder of any such road must be attended by the driver. "Attended" means the person in charge is on the vehicle and awake (not in the sleeper berth,) or is within 100 feet of the vehicle and has an unobstructed view of it.
Name: Date: Instructor: Company & Location: Rev 04/10
