H DROL K POMPALAR
Hidrolik pompalar ile ilgili temel kavramlar
akı kanının sisteme / kullanıcılara iletilmesini sa lar.
Mekanik enerjiyi hıza – DEB ye dönü türler Pompalar basınç olu turmazlar Sistemde kullanılacak olan ya miktarını – DEB yi olu tururlar
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Hidrolik pompalar ile ilgili temel terimler DEPLASMAN: Pompa aftının “1” tur dönmesi ile basaca ı ya miktarıdır. birim: cm3
,
sembol: Vg
DEV R (HIZ) : Pompa aftının “1” dakikadaki tur sayısıdır: birim: 1/min
,
sembol: n
DEB : Pompanın “1” dakikada basaca ı ya miktarıdır.
DEB =Deplasman x
devir birim: lt/dak -
lt/min
,
sembol: qv
BASINÇ : Pompnın bastı ı ya ın, cm2 ba ına gördü ü dirençtir. birim: bar
,
sembol: p
Nominal Basınç : Pompanın sürekli olarak emniyetle çalı bilece i max. Basınç’tır birim: bar
,
sembol: pN
Peak (Pik) Basıncı: Pompanın kısa süreli (bir kaç saniye) çalı abilece i max. basınç de eridir birim: bar
,
sembol: pmax
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Hidrolik pompaların sınıflandırılması
H DROL K POMPALAR
D L POMPALAR
ÇTEN D L DI TAN D L
PALETL POMPALAR
P STONLU POMPALAR
SAB T DEPLASMANLI DE
RADYAL P STONLU
KEN DEPLASMANLI
EKSENEL P STONLU
E
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K EKSENL
E
K D SKL
4
Di li pompalar
Sürekli 250 bar basınç de erine kadar çalı abilirler Endüstriyel ve mobil uygulamalar için uygundurlar Nispeten sesiz çalı ırlar Service, Training
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Dı tan di li pompalar
Pompa Büyüklü ünün Çalı ma De erlerine Etkisi deplasman hacmi
cm3 max.sürekli çalı ma basıncı bar peak basıncı bar max. devir dev/dak gürültü düzeyi (150 bar için) dB
4 250 275 5000 60
8 250 275 4000 62
19 240 270 3000 70
22 210 230 2500 70
80 180 210 2700 73,5
100 150 170 2700 73
2’li, 3’lü ya da 4’ lü tandem pompa yapılabilirler
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çten di li pompalar
Sürekli 315 bar; kısa süreli 350 bar basınçta çalı abilirler Çok sessiz çalı ırlar Genelde endüstriyel uygulamalar için uygundurlar Service, Training
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Pompa Büyüklü ünün Çalı ma De erlerine Etkisi deplasman hacmi cm3 max.sürekli çalı ma basıncı bar peak basıncı bar max. devir dev/dak dB gürültü düzeyi (150 bar için)
6,3 315 350 3000 55
16 315 350 3000 60
25 250 315 3000 60
40 250 315 2600 61
100 160 210 2200 69
250 125 160 1800 77
2’li, 3’lü ya da 4’ lü tandem pompa yapılabilirler
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Sabit deplasmanlı paletli pompalar Ç FT STROKLU (ODACIKLI) PALETL POMPALAR
210 bar basınca kadar çalı abilirler Genelde mobil uygulamalarda kullanılırlar 2500 1/min hıza kadar kullanılabilirler Çok sessiz çalı ırlar
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Sabit deplasmanlı paletli pompalar
TEK STROKLU (ODACIKLI) PALETL POMPALAR
Genelde, de i ken deplasmanlı paletli pompalrda uygulanırlar
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10
De i ken deplasmanlı paletli pompa
Direkt Uyarılı De i ken Deplasmanlı Paletli Pompalar
R NG
ROTOR PALET
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De i ken deplasmanlı paletli pompa
Pilot Uyarılı De i ken Deplasmanlı Paletli Pompalar
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12
De i ken deplasmanlı paletli pompa
Pilot Uyarılı De i ken Deplasmanlı Paletli Pompalar : Ppompa < Pregülatör Basınç regülatörü
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13
De i ken deplasmanlı paletli pompa
Pilot Uyarılı De i ken Deplasmanlı Paletli Pompalar : Ppompa >= Pregülatör
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Pistonlu pompalar - Radyal pistonlu pompalar
700 bar gibi çok yüksek basınçlarda çalı abilirler Küçük deplasmanlı pompalardır. Doldurma de il sıkı tırma i lemi için kullanılırlar Endüstriyel uygulamalar için uygundurlar Service, Training
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Eksenel pistonlu pompaların sınıflandırılması
EKSENEL P STONLU E K EKSENL SAB T DEPLASMANLI
DE
E K D SKL KEN DEPLASMANLI
SAB T DEPLASMANLI
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DE
KEN DEPLASMANLI
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E ik eksen prensipli pompalar
Sabit deplasmanlı pompalarda e im açısı 25 derece (eski seriler) / 40 derece (yeni seri) De i ken deplasmanlı pompalarda e im açısı yakla ık 0 - 13 derecedir 400 – 450 bar sürekli çalı ma basıncında çalı abilirler
MOVIE Service, Training
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E ik eksen prensipli pompalar – Sabit deplasmanlı pompalar
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E ik eksen prensipli pompalar
Sabit Deplasmanlı Pompalar, iç yapısı
DA ITIM PLAKASI Service, Training
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E ik eksen prensipli pompalar
De i ken Deplasmanlı Pompalar
Debi konumu
Sıfır konumu
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E ik eksenli de i ken debili pompa
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De i ken Deplasmanlı, E ik Eksenli Pompaların Genel ç Yapısı
Gövde
Kontrol (Arka kapak)
Rotary Group Service, Training
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22
E ik disk prensipli pompalar
• Pistonlar, tahrik aftına paralel olarak dizilmi lerdir. • Tandem (arkaya bir ya da daha çok pompa ekleme) yapmaya uygundur
MOVIE
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23
E ik disk prensipli pompalar
Sabit Deplasmanlı Pompalar
400 bar sürekli çalı ma basıncına kadar çalı ırlar Service, Training
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24
E ik disk prensipli pompalar
De i ken Deplasmanlı Pompalar
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25
E ik disk prensipli pompalar
De i ken Deplasmanlı Pompalar
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De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Pompa Deplasman Ayarları Harici Pilot Basıncı Uyarılı Deplasman Ayarı / H DROL K - H DROL K
Pst – Harici pilot basıncı Vg – Pompa deplasman Hacmi
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27
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Oransal Bobinli Ayarlama / H DROL K - ELEKTRON K
I – Oransal valf kontrol akımı Vg – Pompa deplasman Hacmi
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28
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Mekanik – Stro a Ba ımlı Deplasman Ayarı / H DROL K - MEKAN K
b – Oransal valf kontrol akımı Vg – Pompa deplasman Hacmi
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29
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Basınç Regülasyonu
PHD – Pompa basıncı Q - Pompa debisi Pompa basıncı ayarlanan de ere ula tı ında, pompa açısını “0” dereceye dü ürerek debi üretmeden basıncı sabit tutar
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30
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Basınç Regülasyonu
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31
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Debi Regülasyonu
PHD – Pompa basıncı Q - Pompa debisi Sistemde debi ihtiyacının azalması durumunda, pompa üzerinde bulunan debi algılama valfi, pompanın e im açısını ihtiyacı kar ılayacak kadar azaltır ya da artırır
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32
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Debi Regülasyonu
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33
De i ken debili pompalarda ayar ve regülasyon tipleri
Güç Regülasyonu
P – Pompa basıncı Q - Pompa debisi
Pompa istenilen bir sabit güç de erinde tahrik edilmek isteniyorsa, pompa üzerinde bulunan güç regülasyon valfi sayesinde, ayarlanan güç de erine ula ıldı ında pompa Phd x Q = sabit kalacak ekilde basınç arttıkça debiyi azaltır
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34
Neden de i ken deplasmanlı pompa
NEDEN DE KEN DEPLASMANLI POMPA ?
ENERJ TASARUFU Service, Training
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Neden de i ken deplasmanlı pompa Güç Regülasyonlu Pompada Enerji Tasarrufu
BOSAB A T DEB L POMPA HARCANAN GÜÇ
GÜÇ REGÜLASYONLU POMPA
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Neden de i ken deplasmanlı pompa Basınç Regülasyonlu Pompada Enerji Tasarrufu
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37
Hidrolik pompa seçim kriterleri
Kullanılacak olan akı kan stenilen basınç aralı ı stenilen devir sayısı Çalı ma sıcaklıkları Gürültü seviyesi Kontrol tipi Bakım imkanları Maliyet
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Hidrolik pompa seçim kriterleri
D D P
D P
O P
V P
V P T O P P
1 2 1 4 3 1
2 2 2 1 2 2
2 3 3 2 2 2
2 3 1 1 1 3
3 3 3 2 1 2
Kriter
Kullanılabilir Hız Aralı ı Kullanılabilir Basınç Aralı ı Viskozite Aralı ı Max. Gürültü Seviyesi Kullanım Ömrü Fiyat
E E P E P P
E D P E P P
1 - çok iyi / çok geni
R P P
E S B R P P
2 1 1 3 2 3
2 1 1 3 2 3
2 1 1 3 2 3
2 1 1 3 2 3
4 - zayıf
E Ç O P P 3 3 3 2 1 2
DDP
: DI TAN D L POMPA
DP OP VP TOPP
: ÇTEN D L POMPA : ORB T POMPA : V DA POMPA : TEK ODALI PALETL POMPA
ÇOPP E RPP ESBRPP EEPEPP EDPEPP
: Ç FT ODALI PALETL POMPA : EKSANTR K AFTLI RADYAL P STONLU POMPA : EKSANTR K S L ND R BLOKLU RADYAL P STONLU POMPA : E K EKSEN PRENS PL EKSENEL P STONLU POMPA : E K D SK PRENS PL EKSENEL P STONLU POMPA
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2 - iyi / geni 3 - orta
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Pompa seçimini belirleyen di er kriterler
Tandem pompa kullanılıp kullanılmayaca ı Pompanın (sistemin) kontrol tipi Sistemin açık ya da kapalı çevrim olması Ya kirlili ine kar ı hassasiyet letici personel kabiliyetleri
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