GUI

System integration for desktop applications

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

1

java.awt.Desktop ● ●

system integration for desktop applications static boolean isDesktopSupported() –

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static Desktop getDesktop() –

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opens the default mail client

void open(File file) –

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opens the file in the default editor for the given file type

void mail(URI mailtoURI) –

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opens an uri in the default browser

void edit(File file) –

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returns an instance of the desktop

void browse(URI uri) –

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whether the desktop integration is supported

opens the file in the default program for the given file type

void print(File file)

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017 –

prints file

2

java.awt.Desktop ●

boolean isSupported(Desktop.Action action) – –

what is supported Desktop.Action ● ●

enum values – – – – –

BROWSE EDIT MAIL OPEN PRINT

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

3

java.awt.SystemTray ● ●

represents the system “tray” example

TrayIcon trayIcon = null; if (SystemTray.isSupported()) { SystemTray tray = SystemTray.getSystemTray(); Image image = ... ActionListener listener = new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { ... } }; PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(); popup.add(...); trayIcon = new TrayIcon(image, "Tray Demo", popup); trayIcon.addActionListener(listener); tray.add(trayIcon); }

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

4

java.awt.SystemTray ●

right-click on the icon –

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left-click –

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shows menu

generates the action event

a single application can add any number of icons methods – – –

static boolean isSupported() void add(TrayIcon icon) void remove(TrayIcon icon) ●

removes the icon from the tray –

–

when the application terminates the icons are moved automatically

TrayIcon[] getTrayIcons() ●

returns all tray icons of the application

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

5

JAVA

Applet

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

6

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in fact no access to the computer ● ● ●

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CA TE

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applet = a "small" program running in a browser security limitations limited access to a disk limited access to a net ...

"signing" applets!!! implementation – extending javax.swing.JApplet –

methods ●

init()

called during initialization WARNING – it is necessary to use SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(Runnable r)

D EP

– –

RE

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D

Overview

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start() –

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stop() –

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called always when the applet is shown called always when the applet is hidden

destroy()

Java, winter semester –2016 called 11.1.2017

during termination

7

JAVA

JNLP Java Web Start

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

8

Overview ● ● ●

Java Network Launch Protocol (JNLP) advantages of both regular applications and applets an application is downloaded over the network –

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it is saved to the disk and launched in a sandbox in later launches, first a version is checked – –

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a regular application

if it is the same, the application is run from the disk if it changed, the application is downloaded

similar security limitations like for applets – –

applications can be signed even non-signed application can have access to the computer ●

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via JNLP API

JNLP is only a specification –

implementation – Java Web Start

Java, winter semester 2016 11.1.2017

9

Creating a JNLP application ● ●

a regular application packed in a JAR file plus a descriptor file –

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xml, the jnlp filename extension

Web server – mime.conf

– application/x-java-jnlp-file JNLP Example Vendor Description Java, winter semester 2016 10 11.1.2017

Java

JavaFX

Java, summer semester 2015 18.2.2015

Overview ●

Java GUI –

Java 1.0 (1996) – AWT ●

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Java 1.2 (2000) – Swing ●

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using native GUI components GUI completely in Java

JavaFX (2007) ● ● ●

new technology running on the Java VM but own language –

● ●

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intended as a competitor to Flash failed

JavaFX 2.0 (2011) ●

– –

declarative

only API (own language abandoned)

since JDK 7 update 6 a part of std JDK (JavaFX 2.2) JDK 8 – JavaFX 8 no further development of Swing

● Java, summer semester 2015 18.2.2015

Hello World public class HelloWorld extends Application { @Override public void start(Stage stage) { Label message = new Label("Hello, JavaFX!"); message.setFont(new Font(100)); stage.setScene(new Scene(message)); stage.setTitle("Hello"); stage.show(); }

no J prefix

// no main() }

Java, summer semester 2015 18.2.2015

Hello World ●

explicit main() necessary in older version public class MyApp extends Application { public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } ... }

Java, summer semester 2015 18.2.2015

Events ● ●

similar as in Swing/AWT BUT typically – listening on property changes –

i.e. not listening directly on components ●

there are exceptions, e.g. buttons

Slider slider = new Slider(10, 100, 100); Label message = new Label("Hello, JavaFX!"); slider.valueProperty().addListener(property -> message.setFont(new Font(slider.getValue())));

Java, summer semester 2015 18.2.2015

Properties of components ●

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interface Property – –

void addListener(InvalidationListener listener) void addListener(ChangeListener