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Greek Prepositions: From Antiquity to the Present Pietro Bortone
Published in print: 2010 Published Online: May Publisher: Oxford University Press 2010 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780199556854 eISBN: 9780191721571 acprof:oso/9780199556854.001.0001 Item type: book
New prepositions in Greek express solely spatial meanings, simultaneously lost by their older synonyms, whose use becomes restricted to non‐spatial senses—unless a recent synonym is not available. In time, new prepositions too develop non‐spatial meanings, eventually losing their spatial ones completely, repeating the life‐cycle of their predecessors.
Mapping Spatial PPs: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, Volume 6 Guglielmo Cinque and Luigi Rizzi
Published in print: 2010 Published Online: Publisher: Oxford University Press September 2010 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780195393675 eISBN: 9780199796847 acprof:oso/9780195393675.001.0001 Item type: book
The present volume intends to contribute to our understanding of the grammar of spatial prepositional phrases by focusing on one particular aspect of their syntax that has remained relatively neglected: the finegrained articulation of their internal structure. The analyses presented in the book, in spite of their being based on rather different data and considerations, reach strikingly convergent conclusions on the existence of a rich internal structure for spatial PPs. These, in addition to being introduced by (overt or covert) directional and stative prepositions comprise degree phrases, deictic, viewpoint and orientation particles, and an often nonpronounced N ‘place.’
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Interpreting Motion: Grounded Representations for Spatial Language Inderjeet Mani and James Pustejovsky
Published in print: 2012 Published Online: May Publisher: Oxford University Press 2012 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780199601240 eISBN: 9780191738968 acprof:oso/9780199601240.001.0001 Item type: book
Natural language allows for efficient communication of elaborate descriptions of movement without requiring precise specification of the motion. Interpreting Motion is the first book to analyze the semantics of motion expressions in terms of the formalisms of qualitative spatial reasoning, mapping motion descriptions in language to trajectories of moving entities based on qualitative spatio-temporal relationships. The book provides an extensive discussion of prior research on spatial prepositions and motion verbs, and devotes chapters to the compositional semantics of motion sentences, the formal representations needed for computers to reason qualitatively about time, space, and motion, and the methodology for annotating corpora with linguistic information in order to train computer programs to reproduce the annotation. The applications they illustrate include route navigation, the mapping of travel narratives, question-answering, image and video tagging, and graphical rendering of scenes from textual descriptions. The book is written accessibly for a broad scientific audience of linguists, cognitive scientists, computer scientists, and those working in fields such as artificial intelligence and geographic information systems.
On the function of prepositions Pietro Bortone
in Greek Prepositions: From Antiquity to the Present Published in print: 2010 Published Online: May Publisher: Oxford University Press 2010 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780199556854 eISBN: 9780191721571 acprof:oso/9780199556854.003.0001 Item type: chapter
Chapter 1 examines which items are functionally equivalent to prepositions, crosslinguistically and at different stages in the history of one language. It then considers the main syntactic forms that prepositions can take.
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Prepositions and cases in Ancient Greek Pietro Bortone
in Greek Prepositions: From Antiquity to the Present Published in print: 2010 Published Online: May Publisher: Oxford University Press 2010 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780199556854 eISBN: 9780191721571 acprof:oso/9780199556854.003.0004 Item type: chapter
Chapter 4 begins the history of Greek prepositions, looking at Homeric and Classical Greek. We see prepositions competing with one another. The new “improper” prepositions ousting old “proper” synonyms, while the semantic contribution and the extent of use of cases was diminishing. Above all, new prepositions were mainly or exclusively spatial.
Prepositions as Probes Richard S. Kayne
in Movement and Silence Published in print: 2005 Published Online: Publisher: Oxford University Press September 2007 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780195179163 eISBN: 9780199788330 acprof:oso/9780195179163.003.0005 Item type: chapter
This chapter explores the relation between prepositions and movement, arguing that in at least some cases — in particular, in causatives — what is considered as the argument of a preposition comes together with it as the result of movement (or internal Merge), not as the result of external Merge. The prepositions in question are introduced above verb phrase (VP), and are paired with a K(ase) head that is also introduced above VP, in a way that may be parallel to recent work by Dominique Sportiche on determiners. The main thesis here is that some prepositions (and, by extension, some postpositions) are probes, in the sense of Chomsky's recent work. The particular case considered here is that of dative prepositions preceding subjects in French (and Italian) causatives.
Lecture II, 17 David Langslow
in Jacob Wackernagel, Lectures on Syntax: With Special Reference to Greek, Latin, and Germanic Published in print: 2009 Published Online: Publisher: Oxford University Press September 2009 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780198153023 eISBN: 9780191715211 acprof:oso/9780198153023.003.0068 Item type: chapter Page 3 of 6
With the briefest nod at terms ancient and modern for ‘verb’, indeclinable words are introduced, beginning with ten lectures on prepositions [here divided into two parts]. After notes on terminology and recent bibliography, the chapter sketches (Lectures 17–18) a summary inventory of ‘true prepositions’ and ‘improper prepositions’ (or ‘prepositional adverbs’) in Greek and Latin, distinguishing inherited and secondary forms of various types (with an excursus on words for ‘about’). Turning to the use of the true prepositions, the chapter comments briefly on their original use as adverbs (Lecture 18), before giving a detailed account of their use as preverbs in compound verbs. This includes discussion of tmesis (formal separation from/union with the verb, Lecture 19), semantic effects of fusion of preverb and verb (Lecture 20), verbs which occur only with — or never with — preverbs, and other sources of apparent instances of preverb + verb (Lecture 21).
Lecture II, 18 David Langslow
in Jacob Wackernagel, Lectures on Syntax: With Special Reference to Greek, Latin, and Germanic Published in print: 2009 Published Online: Publisher: Oxford University Press September 2009 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780198153023 eISBN: 9780191715211 acprof:oso/9780198153023.003.0069 Item type: chapter
With the briefest nod at terms ancient and modern for ‘verb’,indeclinable words are introduced, beginning with ten lectures on prepositions [here divided into two parts]. After notes on terminology and recent bibliography, the chapter sketches (Lectures 17–18) a summary inventory of ‘true prepositions’ and ‘improper prepositions’ (or ‘prepositional adverbs’) in Greek and Latin, distinguishing inherited and secondary forms of various types (with an excursus on words for ‘about’). Turning to the use of the true prepositions, the chapter comments briefly on their original use as adverbs (Lecture 18), before giving a detailed account of their use as preverbs in compound verbs. This includes discussion of tmesis (formal separation from/union with the verb, Lecture 19), semantic effects of fusion of preverb and verb (Lecture 20), verbs which occur only with — or never with — preverbs, and other sources of apparent instances of preverb + verb (Lecture 21).
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Lecture II, 19 David Langslow
in Jacob Wackernagel, Lectures on Syntax: With Special Reference to Greek, Latin, and Germanic Published in print: 2009 Published Online: Publisher: Oxford University Press September 2009 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780198153023 eISBN: 9780191715211 acprof:oso/9780198153023.003.0070 Item type: chapter
With the briefest nod at terms ancient and modern for ‘verb’, indeclinable words are introduced,beginning with ten lectures on prepositions [here divided into two parts]. After notes on terminology and recent bibliography, the chapter sketches (Lectures 17–18) a summary inventory of ‘true prepositions’ and ‘improper prepositions’ (or ‘prepositional adverbs’) in Greek and Latin, distinguishing inherited and secondary forms of various types (with an excursus on words for ‘about’). Turning to the use of the true prepositions, the chapter comments briefly on their original use as adverbs (Lecture 18), before giving a detailed account of their use as preverbs in compound verbs. This includes discussion of tmesis (formal separation from/union with the verb, Lecture 19), semantic effects of fusion of preverb and verb (Lecture 20), verbs which occur only with — or never with — preverbs, and other sources of apparent instances of preverb + verb (Lecture 21).
Lecture II, 20 David Langslow
in Jacob Wackernagel, Lectures on Syntax: With Special Reference to Greek, Latin, and Germanic Published in print: 2009 Published Online: Publisher: Oxford University Press September 2009 DOI: 10.1093/ ISBN: 9780198153023 eISBN: 9780191715211 acprof:oso/9780198153023.003.0071 Item type: chapter
With the briefest nod at terms ancient and modern for ‘verb’, indeclinable words are introduced, beginning with ten lectures on prepositions [here divided into two parts]. After notes on terminology and recent bibliography,the chapter sketches (Lectures 17–18) a summary inventory of ‘true prepositions’ and ‘improper prepositions’ (or ‘prepositional adverbs’) in Greek and Latin, distinguishing inherited and secondary forms of various types (with an excursus on words for ‘about’). Turning to the use of the true prepositions, the chapter comments briefly on their original use as adverbs (Lecture 18), before giving a detailed account of their use as preverbs in compound verbs. This includes Page 5 of 6
discussion of tmesis (formal separation from/union with the verb, Lecture 19), semantic effects of fusion of preverb and verb (Lecture 20), verbs which occur only with — or never with — preverbs, and other sources of apparent instances of preverb + verb (Lecture 21).
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