German PV and Solar Thermal Technology Market and Industrial Development Tunis 1.6.2005 Martin Schnauss
Political targets German Government – 10 mio m² solar collector area installed until 2006 – 20% renewables for electricity supply until 2020 – 50% renewables for electricity supply until 2050 – Reduction of CO2-emission by 21% until 2012 (Kyoto-Protokoll)
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Market
Development of Solar Thermal Market
annually installed collector area in 1.000 m²
1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 flat plate collectors
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
vacuum tube collectors
SOLAR THERMAL - Market
trend
Source: BSI
Situation of Solar Thermal Market Installed in 2004:
750 000 m²
Turn over 2004:
> 550 Mio €
Number of systems:
550.000
Totaly installed:
ca. 5,7 Mio m²
Employees :
> 10.000
4 % der Einfamilienhäuser
Single family home
SFH with solar space heating
Apartment houses
Large scale solar systems
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Market
Source: BSI
Collector Technology 25 Years ago…. and Today
1980
2005 German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology
Source: ZfS, Roth
High Quality Products
• • • • • •
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
High transparent solar glass Antireflex glass Selective coatings Optimised connection absorber–pipe High quality insulation Ventilation
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology Source: Velux, Aligator, Roto
Industrialisation of Production • • •
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Vacuum coating (sputter) High-frequency induction welding Automatisation
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology
Source: Interpane, Wagner
Time and Cost Effective Installation
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
•
Large premanufactured collector
•
„Solar Roof“ collector
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology
Source: Braas, Wagner
Improved Components for Solar Systems
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
•
Air vent
•
Heat exchanger
•
Storage
•
Pump
•
Expansion tank
•
Controls
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology
Advanced Storage Technology • • • •
Adapted to solar technology Reduction of heat loss Increasing solar results High integration of systems
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology
Source: Solarpraxis, Solvis
Tools for Engineering • •
Know how 25 years of Experience
• • • •
Product manuals Planing tools Simulation programs Technical literature
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Technology
Solar Applications
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Examples
Source: Solvis, BSi
Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
650 m² collector area 25.000 liter storage
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Examples
Solar District Heating and Seasonal Storage Rostock 1000 m² Hamburg Bramfeld 3000 m² Industrial area „Solaris“ Chemnitz 8.000 m³ gravel – water storage
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
SOLAR THERMAL - Examples Source: Solvis, Wagner, T.Freitag
Solar Cooling • •
Cooling demand during sunshine hours Substitution of peak load electricity Adsorption refrigerating machine
Absorption refrigerating machine
National press office Berlin
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Industry and Trade Chamber Freiburg
SOLAR THERMAL - Examples Source: Viessmann, Fraunhofer ISE
German Support Scheme Solar Thermal: • Market Entrance Programme - subsidy 110 €/m² collector area • CO2 Reduction Programme - low interest rate
Photovoltaik: 1991 Feed In Law 1999-2003 100 000 Roof Programme - low interest rate 2000 Renewable Energy Law - feed in tariff 99Pf/kWh = 50,6ct/kWh 2004 Renewable Energy Law - feed in tariff 57,4ct/kWh + 5 ct at facade German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
910
375 350 325 300 275 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0
840 770 700 630 560 490 420 350 280 210
total installed in MWp
annually installed in MWp
Development of the German PV Market
140 70 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 annually inst. grid connected
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
annually inst. off grid
Photovoltaik - Market
total inst.
Source: BSi
Situation of Solar PV Market In 2004 installed:
ca. 360 MWp
In 2005 expected:
ca. 420 MWp
Turn over:
> 1.700.000.000 €
Totaly installed;
790 MWp
Employees:
> 20.000
Cost reduction
60% within 6 years
Small PV German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Medium size PV
Large scale PV
Photovoltaik - Market
Source: BSi
German PV Production Companies Silicon
Wafer
Cells
Modules
Special modules
Inverters / Batterie charger
Wacker Chemie
ASI Intertech
Deutsche Cell
GSS
ASS
Aixcon
PV Silicon
Deutsche Solar
Ersol
RWE Schott Solar
Glaswerke Arnold
Dorfmüller
PV Silicon
RWE Schott Solar
SMD
Saint Gobain
Kaco
RWE Schott Solar
Shell Solar
Scheuten
Sunovations
Karschny
Sunways
Solar-Fabrik
Sunware
Siemens
Q-Cells
Solara
Webasto
SMA
Solarwatt
Solarc
Solar Konzept
Solon
Solarnova
Solar-Fabrik
Feedstock PV Silicon
Between 1999 and 2004 more than one billion Euros were invested in new production lines
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Sunset
Photovoltaik - Market
Solon Thin-film modules
Sputnik Sun Power
Antec
Sunways
Sulfurcell
Steca
Würth
Ufe
RWE Schott Solar
Würth
Source: BSi
Variety of Cells • • • • • •
Si amorphous
Monocrystalline cells Polycrystalline cells Thin – film cells Coloured cells Transparent cells Flexible cells
Cadmiumtellurit
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Technology
Source: SunWare, RWE Schott
Innovative Production • • •
Expanded production capacity Automatisation High quality products
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Technology
Source: Solar Fabrik
Variety of Modules • • • • • •
High quality standards High performance High reliability Low tolerance Certificated parameters Long warranty
Efficiency up to 17 %
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Technology Source: Siemens, Laumanns, SunWare
Converters Up to 600 kW • • • •
Module converter String converter Multistring converter Central converter
• •
Data logging Remote monitoring
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Technology
SMA, Solon, Siemens, SolarWatt
High Grade Components For • Efficient systems • Economic installation • • •
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Dependable Foolproof Lightning protection
Photovoltaik - Technology
Source: DGS, MultiConect
PV Applications
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Shell Solar
PV Systems for Mobility
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Kopf, SunWare, Sunovation, Solarc
Integration Transparency Shading
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Pfleiderer, PV-Silicon
Rooftops Facades
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Schüco, Beck
Kriegerhornbahn
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Wiesenfarth, Sunways
Academie „Mont Cenis“ in Herne
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Scheuten
Stand allone PV systems
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Beck
„Solarpark Leipziger Land“ 5 MWp (Espenhain)
SPACEHOUSERobinia wood mounting system
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
Photovoltaik - Examples
Source: Geosol
Decisive Factors of Success •
Stable general framework
•
Market stimulation
•
Security of investment
•
Reliable products
•
Attractive products
•
Customer confidence
•
Industrialized production
•
Cost reduction
•
Diversity of procucts
•
Public awareness
German PV and Solar Thermal Technology
„Solar architecture is not about fashion, it is about survival“ Sir Norman Foster