GEOGRAPHY EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE Know what direction latitude lines run and what they measure (N/S or E/W) Know what direction longitude lines run and what they measure (N/S or E/W) Know the important lines of latitude (there are five) 1 2 3 4 5 What areas of the globe experience times of 24-hours of sunlight and 24-hours of darkness at times around the solstices? How long does it take for the earth to complete one revolution around the sun? What is the degree of tilt of Earth's axis? There is a change in time zone roughly every ______ degrees of longitude?

Know the unique layers inside Earth

Be able to define the three types of plate boundaries and explain what is occurring with each

What percentage of Earth's total amount of water is located in oceans? What is the difference between magma and lava?

What rock type are the world's oceanic crusts made up of? What rock type are the world's continental crusts made up of? During convergence, the action in which an oceanic crust goes under a continental crust is referred to as ___________________ Which of the four layers that we learned about is farthest away from the earth and thus is heated by its nearing proximity to the sun? What layer is closest to the earth's surface? In what layer is most of the sun's ultra-violet radiation absorbed?

What is the difference between weather and climate? What percentage of Earth is covered with water? Where is the largest percentage of Earth's fresh water located? Know the latin roots for: TropoThermoMesoStratoBe able to explain how a climograph works and what you can infer about a place's latitudinal location simply by looking at its temperature and precipitation data

Most of the world's deserts are located around what latitude lines north and south?

Most of the world's rainforests are located around what latitude line?

Be able to define ITCZ. Where is it found? What is converging? What is the Hadley Cell?

What direction does air flow in a low pressure zone?

What direction does air flow in a high pressure zone?

What ecosystem is most of Kansas located in?

Be able to map the climate regions of the United States What are the defining characteristics of these climates: Tundra/Highland-

Humid Continental-

Humid Subtropical-

Marine West Coast/Maritime-

Mediterranean-

Name the four main types of ecosystems

What type of plate boundary is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

What type of plate boundary created the Himalayan Mountains

What type of plate boundary makes up San Andreas Fault

What is wind and how is it created at the earth's surface? Earth moves around the sun on an imaginary plane called the -

What is the name of the calendar used today in the United States? Earth rotates on an imaginary line running through the poles called the -

How would things be effected if the Earth's axis were straight up and down (not tilted)?

What is an equinox?

What is a solstice? The sun's direct rays migrate throughout the year between what two lines of latitude?

In Kansas the number of hours of sunlight increases/decreases between June and December Between what two degrees latitude is the Arctic Circle? Lines of longitude meet at the ____________ and are farthest away from each other at the __________ Longitude lines measure between 0° and __________ degrees What is the name for 0° longitude? Earth rotates 1° every ____________ minutes Who wrote an influential paper on the theory of continental drift? Define “hotspot” and give one example on Earth's surface The line of subduction zones that run all the way around the Pacific Ocean is known as the What is the name of the supercontinent theorized to have once existed? Iceland is an above-the-ocean portion of the -

What action within the upper mantle is the theorized reason for continental plate movement?

What is the name of the high pressure belt located around 30° north and south?