Gems from “The Pearl of the Antilles”

Cuba in Books, Manuscripts, Maps, and Pictures, 1521 - 1921 Terms Material herein is offered subject to prior sale. All items are as described and are considered to be on approval. Notice of return must be given within ten days unless specific arrangements are made. Connecticut residents must be billed state sales tax. Postage and insurance charges are billed to all nonprepaid domestic orders. Overseas orders are sent by air unless otherwise requested, with full postage charges billed at our discretion. Payment by check, wire transfer, or bank draft is preferred, but may also be made by MasterCard or Visa. Orders may be emailed to [email protected].

Cuban Argument for Continued Union with Spain 1. [Arango y Parreno, Francisco de]: REFLEXIONES DE UN HABANERO SOBRE LA INDEPENDENCIA DE ESTA ISLA. Habana: Oficinia de Arazoza y Soler, 1823. [4],37pp. Small quarto. Modern morocco, titled in gilt on front board and spine. Titlepage slightly dusty, else quite clean and fresh. Near fine. "Segunda edicion. Corregida y Aumentada por su Autor," preceded only by a much briefer version of Arango y Parreno's essay in the periodical, EL REVISOR POLITICO Y LITERARIO, on June 30, 1823. This is the first edition in book form, and more substantial than the earlier appearance: additional text has been added above and beyond the periodical appearance, including notes and a postscript. The conclusion of the present edition is dated September 12, 1823. Francisco de Arango y Parreno (1765-1837) was born in Cuba and educated as a lawyer. He became a prominent politician and landowner, and was a leader of reform movements on the island. A member of the Supreme Council of the Indies, he was appointed Cuban Minister of State in 1820 and Finance Minister in 1824. He argued for freer trade for Cuba, and the increased importation of slaves to enhance agricultural production. In this work he compares Cuba to the United States and argues that the situations of the two are different, and that Cuba under Spain was in a different condition than the United States on the eve of the American Revolution. Cubans were free, allowed to trade freely, represented in the Spanish parliament, and not subject to arbitrary taxation. As such, Cuba had no need for formal independence from Spain, but existed comfortably in a relationship akin to that of Canada and England. This copy comes from the Coleccion Monclau, with their bookplate on the front pastedown. OCLC locates a total of only five copies, at the Library of Congress, Harvard, the Bancroft Library, Princeton, and the British Library. Rare, and an interesting argument against Cuban independence, by a leading politician. OCLC 26838670, 559354194, 14963922. PALAU 253238. SABIN 17804. $2500. With a Cuban Bookseller's Ticket 2. [Barbaza, Juan]: CONOCIMIENTOS MILITARES DEL ARTE DE LA GUERRA. Barcelona. 1828. 234,[7]pp. plus five folding tables and plates. Small quarto. Contemporary marbled boards with linen spine, all edges yellow. Extremities lightly worn. Contemporary Cuban bookseller's ticket on front pastedown, contemporary ownership inscription on front flyleaf. Worming in gutter margin, heavy at times, not affecting text

but loosening several leaves. One plate separated at fold but complete. Minor scattered foxing. A good plus copy. Work on the art of warfare. Palau notes that this work is often attributed to the General of Artillery, Juan Barbaza. Interestingly, a contemporary bookseller's ticket for a Cuban bookseller is present on the front pastedown: "T. Howson. Encuadernador y fabricante de libros en blanco en la Calle del Obispo numero 22. Habana." A rare work - only three copies are listed in OCLC, at the College of William of Mary, and the national libraries of Spain and Chile. PALAU 59368. $325. 3. Blythe, A.K.: [TWO AUTOGRAPH LETTERS FROM A.K. BLYTHE TO JOSE DE LA CONCHA REQUESTING A LEAVE OF ABSENCE OF THE AMERICAN CONSULATE IN CUBA]. Havana. 1857. [2]pp. plus blank leaf; [2]pp. plus blank leaf. Bifolium. Minor toning and offsetting. Second document worn at edges, lightly chipped. Old fold lines. Very good. Two letters from the Consulate General of the United States addressed to the governor of Cuba, Jose de la Concha, requesting a leave of absence. Both letters, marked six months apart in 1857, address Blythe's wish to return to America for a short leave and, in a somewhat pleading tone, request permission and passport for said journey. Blythe also requests the appointment of Vice-Consulate General Thomas Savage to his role during his absence. $200. Painting of a Cuban Sugar Plantation in the 1850s 4. [Attributed to Brownell, Charles DeWolf]: [CUBAN SUGAR PLANTATION]. [Cuba. ca. 1850s]. Oil on canvas, 13½ x 23½ inches. Excellent displayable condition. Framed. This attractive landscape painting depicting a Cuban sugar plantation was almost certainly executed by artist Charles DeWolf Brownell, in the mid to late 1850s. As would be customary with Brownell, who was greatly influenced by the artists of the Hudson River School, the image is dominated by the Cuban landscape of lush greenery, rolling hills, and blue sky, with the main buildings on the edges of the work. There are various types of trees dotting the landscape, as well as shrubs, a stone fence, and livestock. At the bottom of the painting a horse ridden by a black servant pulls a barranca-style carriage occupied by a woman in a pink dress. In the center a man in a white suit and hat walks up a hill toward the plantation house beside a horse carrying a similarly dressed man. Five of the plantation structures are depicted. The main house, a white two-story gabled building with a balcony, is on the far left. A woman stands in the doorway. On the far right of the painting is a slat-roofed building with a large billowing chimney and slaves at work. In the center of the image are three more buildings: a thatch-roofed hut filled with sugarcane, and two storage buildings. The sky is bright blue, with pillowy white clouds rolling by. Charles DeWolf Brownell (1822-1909) was born in Rhode Island and spent most of his adult life in Hartford and New York City. Trained as a lawyer, he abandoned the law out of conscience and turned to painting. He was greatly influenced by the Hudson River School, and his most notable works are landscape paintings. His maternal relatives, the DeWolfs, owned several sugar plantations in Cuba, and beginning in 1854, Charles Brownell spent seven consecutive winters on the island. He returned to Cuba several times over the ensuing decades. He traveled throughout the island, boarding in several plantations. Inspired by the Cuban landscape, he created a number of paintings of the island, including portraits of plantations done as commissions to help pay his expenses. In his diary Brownell notes that these commissioned paintings usually brought between forty and sixty dollars. The present work, painted in oil on a relatively modest size canvas, is in keeping with the style and form of these other works. A 1991 Kennedy Gallery exhibition catalogue of Brownell's work notes that these paintings of Cuban plantations survive in only a small number. A fine representation of mid-19th-century Cuban plantation life. Early paintings of Cuba are rare. Kennedy Galleries, CHARLES DeWOLF BROWNELL (1822-1909), EXPLORER OF THE AMERICAN LANDSCAPE, March 1991. $15,000.

5. Campbell, John: THE SPANISH EMPIRE IN AMERICA. CONTAINING, A SUCCINCT RELATION OF THE DISCOVERY AND SETTLEMENT OF ITS SEVERAL COLONIES; A VIEW OF THEIR RESPECTIVE SITUATIONS, EXTENT, COMMODITIES, TRADE, &c…. London. 1747. viii,[4],330,[2]pp. Antique-style three-quarter calf. Leaf of advertisement trimmed and pasted to verso of front fly leaf. Minor foxing. Very good. An early English survey of Spanish discovery, conquest, and trade in America, with some material on California, New Mexico, Florida, Mexico, Cuba, Argentina, and South America in general. Also covers Spanish trade throughout the Americas, including the West Indies. Contains a chapter entitled, "Of the means by which Spain is drained of the Effects brought from the Indies." Includes a rare, early advertisement leaf after the text. SABIN 10240. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 747/28. PALAU 41176. GOLDSMITHS 8284. HANSON 5559. $1500. 6. Carleton, George W.: OUR ARTIST IN CUBA. FIFTY DRAWINGS ON WOOD. LEAVES FROM THE SKETCH-BOOK OF A TRAVELER, DURING THE WINTER OF 1864-5. New York. 1865. viii pp., 50 leaves. Original green cloth, gilt-stamped cover and spine. Ownership signature on front free endpaper. Elaborate color borders surround text and images. Very good. Uncommon work consisting of a short introduction with fifty sketches - often humorous - made by the author during his ocean voyage to Cuba from Sandy Hook, and including street scenes, common folk, and common insects, in Cuba. The date is given erroneously in roman numerals on the titlepage. SABIN 10902. $150. The British Attempt to Seize Cuba, 1741 7. [Cuba]: ORIGINAL PAPERS RELATING TO THE EXPEDITION TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA. London. 1744. 219pp. Dbd. Tears and abrasions in first three leaves, affecting up to 2½ x 1 inch areas including text on all three leaves, with some loss, light dampstaining in first ten leaves. After this initial damage, a good copy, but priced accordingly. A collection of papers relating to the attempt of a British expeditionary force under Admiral Edward Vernon, commander of British forces in the West Indies, to seize Cuba from Spain in 1741. Despite strenuous efforts, they were not successful. The present copy comes from the library of the Cuban General Carlos Garcia Velez, as noted in a 1915 inscription on the titlepage and a full page autograph inscription signed and dated by Garcia in London, December 1914. Carlos Garcia Velez was part of a long line of radical Cuban democrats, including his father, Calixto Garcia, to whom President McKinley addressed his famous "message to Garcia" during the Spanish-American War. In 1914, Garcia Velez was serving as a diplomat to England. In his notes at the end of the ORIGINAL PAPERS..., Garcia expresses his expasperation with the constant "servile repetition" of formalities directed to the monarchy and Lords of the Admiralty in the text. As a remedy, he transcribes a paragraph from a 1817 speech by the liberal British statesman George Canning on the positive force of less obsequious speech in public discourse (e.g., "servant of the public" instead of "servant of the Crown"). SABIN 17794. JCB (3)I:765. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 744/224. $400. 18th-Century Cuban Imprints: 8. [Cuba]: ACUERDO DE LA JUNTA DE GOBIERNO DEL REAL CONSULADO DE AGRICULTURA Y COMERCIO, EN LA CELEBRADA EL DIA MIERCOLES 21 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1796. Havana: En la Imprenta de la Capitania General, [1796 or 1797]. [1],19pp. Modern mottled calf, gilt tooled. Titlepage tipped onto a stub. Tanned and foxed. Good.

A report concerning the activities of the Royal Consulate in Cuba, prepared for the outgoing Governor-General of the island, Luis de las Casas. The pamphlet focuses on the government's attempts to improve the economic situation and production in Cuba. Of particular concern is improving agricultural production by increasing the supply of slave labor and decreasing slave prices. A rare 18th century Havana imprint, with only three copies recorded in OCLC, and not in Medina. OCLC 740351094, 44140591, 14974391. $3500. 9. [Cuba]: [Boloix, Pablo]: [LA DIPUTACIÓN PARA LA JUNTA DE GOBIERNO DE LA CASA DE BENEFICENCIA...DÁ CUENTA Á LA REAL SOCIEDAD PATRIÓTICA DE SUS TARÉAS EN EL PRESENTE AÑO 1797...]. [Havana: En la Imprenta de la Capitanía General, 1797-1798]. 14pp. Small quarto. Modern mottled calf, gilt. Lacking title page. Heavy worming, repaired with tissue in places, moderate dampstaining. Fair. An annual report on the operations of the state orphanage in Havana for 1797. The author, Pablo Boloix, has almost exclusively complimentary words for the institution's staff an benefactors, and also contributes brief descriptions of its occupants, activities, and budget. Medina does not record the present imprint, but does note the report on the same institution from the previous year. OCLC locates only one copy of this edition, at the Bibiloteca Nacional de España. An extremly rare early Cuban imprint. OCLC 433300754. MEDINA, HABANA 148 (ref). $750. 10. [Cuba]: O'Farril, Joseph Ricardo: Lanz, Juan Bautista: MEMORIA SOBRE LA CRIA DE GANADO MULAR Y CABALLAR, Y MEJORA DE SUS CASTAS.... [Havana: Imprenta de la Capitanía, 1799]. [1],12pp. Modern mottled calf, gilt stamped. Heavily tanned, manuscript annotation on titlepage. Good plus. A short tract on equine husbandry with its own title page, but published as a part of a royal decree entitled, "Gracia concedida por S.M. à los habitantes de esta isla para la introduccion de caballos frisones de ambos sexôs desde las provincias del Norte de América," which approved the importation of horses to Cuba. Initially presented to government officials in 1797, the report by Joseph Ricardo O'Farril and Juan Bautista Lanz laments poor breeding practices in Cuba that have led to weaknesses in the horse stock, and recommends the introduction of North American horses and different breeding methods. Until the suggestions of this work were implemented by the decree in 1798, horses were not allowed to be imported from other sources in greater numbers than they were from Spain. According to Trelles, this is the first Cuban imprint to address issues related to livestock and animal husbandry. Very rare, with OCLC recording only five copies. SABIN 56747. MEDINA HABANA 162. TRELLES, p. 177-78. OCLC 19860506. $3000. Regulating Liquor Stores in Havana, 1803 11. [Cuba]: INSTRUCCION PARA HACER EL COBRO DEL DERECHO DE COMPOSICION DE PULPERIAS, FORMADA EN VIRTUD DE ACUERDO DE LA JUNTA DE REAL HACIENDA DE 9 DE MARZO DE 1803. POR EL ADMINISTRADOR GENERAL DE RENTAS DE TIERRA DE LA ISLA DE CUBA. Havana: Esteban José de Boloña, 1803. [15]pp. plus front and rear blanks. Loose leaves, previously stitched. Light waterstaining. Good. Document detailing the rules and regulations for local grocery stores and local liquor stores, called "pulperias," throughout Cuba. The committee of the Royal Treasury outlines how many stores may be opened in each town, fees to be paid, and what items the stores may and may not carry. Rare. Not in Palau, Medina, or OCLC. $2000. Detailed Review of the Economy of Cuba 12. [Cuba]: Boloix, Pablo: [MANUSCRIPT REPORT ON THE CUBAN ECONOMY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 19th CENTURY]. [Havana. Jan. 8, 1803]. [13] leaves. Folio. Dbd. Stitching perished.

edges lightly chipped, moderately tanned, scattered foxing. About very good. A detailed contemporary discussion of the state of the Cuban economy, addressed to the economic board of the Real Consulado of Cuba, and entitled, "Dictamen sobre el aumento de numerario en la Isla de Cuba." According the report, the Cuban economy suffered from a shortage of hard currency, caused especially by the demands of the slave trade. The author enjoins the committee to take up several proposals, including the formation of a national bank, and the imposition of taxes to implement its operation. An enormously interesting document with much revealing insight into Cuban economic conditions at the beginning of the 19th century. $2500. 13. [Cuba]: EXHORTACION A LOS FIELES DE LA CIUDAD DE LA HAVANA, HECHA POR SU PRELADO DIOCESANO, SOBRE EL CEMENTERIO GENERAL DE ELLA; Y SU REGLAMENTO, APROBADO POR EL GOBIERNO, CON EL CORRESPONDIENTE DE POLICIA. Havana: Esteban José de Boloña, 1805. [2],42,[2],[6]pp. Small quarto. Original plain wrappers. Minor chipping to spine, ink notations and light soiling to wrappers. Light foxing and ink spotting, ink page numbering in upper corner of rectos only. Very good. An early imprint by Cuba's first printer after the press ban instituted by royal decree in 1776. The first part of the title translates to "Exhortation to the Faithful City of Havana, made by his Diocesan Bishop...," with the main body of text regarding the religious activities in the city relating to the church cemetery. It is followed by a six-page section detailing the regulations for the police in Havana. Rare; no copies in OCLC. MEDINA 188. SABIN 29433. $2000. 14. [Cuba]: [Someruelos, Marques de]: [ACUERDO DE LAS AUTORIDADES SOBRE COMERCIO CON EXTRANJEROS]. Havana. 1809. [9]pp. Dbd. Loose leaves, formerly stitched, stab holes at gutter margin. Some separation of cover leaves along fold. Alternate title provided in manuscript on front cover leaf, some offsetting from other manuscript documents on both covers. Light tanning and dampstaining. Good plus. A rare Cuban imprint announcing new regulations on agriculture and trade with the wider Caribbean, Mexico, and the United States. The directives were published by the authority of the Marques de Someruelos, the governor of Cuba from 1800 to 1812, and Juan de Aguilar, the commander of the Spanish army on the island. Though still maintaining many restrictions, the new rules sought to relax protective colonial trade laws, to promote trade, and to increase productivity and exportation. This was particularly true when it came to the island's main products such as sugar, coffee, and rum. These came at a point when trade with Spain had collapsed due to the Napoleonic Wars and cuba was desperate to find an outlet for its produce. "Considerando la necesidad urgente que hay de promover por todos medios la extraccion de azúcar, café y aguardiente que produce la colonia, en deseo de evitar el extremo de su ruina empezada á sentir sensiblemente; se declara que estas producciones deben continuar extrayéndose libres de todos derechos Reales y municipales (excepto la subvencion) por españoles y extrangeros, á reserva de hacer, y recibir en su caso las observaciones que estimulen á la innovacion." No copies traced in OCLC or at the National Library of Spain. MEDINA, HABANA 236. $2750. Early Havana Imprint 15. [Cuba]: CON FECHA DE 25 DE JUNIO ULTIMO ME DICE EL SENOR SECRETARIO DE ESTADO Y DEL DESPACHO DE LA GOBERNACION DE ULTRAMAR LO SIGUIENTE [manuscript caption title for printed document]. Havana. Sept. 20, 1813. [1]p. plus integral blank. Folio. Old fold lines. Moderately chipped and worn at edges. Lightly and evenly toned. Contemporary manuscript notations. Good. A rare printed decree from Cuba at the beginning of the 19th century, as Spanish power in the world was waning but Spain's grip on Cuba was still quite firm. This decree, issued by the King on June 14, 1813 and printed on September 20, announces new laws regarding the rights to vote and to be elected to hold government positions for professors and scholars from certain universities, collegiums, and seminars. The decree forbade these rights to the Knights of Justice of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem as well as members of the four military orders of

Santiago, Calatrava, Alcantara, and Montesa. It is endorsed in manuscript, with the imprint and header also written in by hand. Early Caribbean imprints are rare. $1250. Amnesty to Curry Favor 16. [Cuba]: CON FECHA DE 26 DE JULIO ULTIMO ME DICE EL SENOR SECRETARIO DE ESTADO Y DEL DESPACHO DE LA GOBERNACION DE ULTRAMAR LO SIGUIENTE [caption title]. Havana. Sept. 20, 1813. [1]p. plus integral blank. Folio. Old fold lines. Moderately chipped and worn at edges. Evenly tonned. Contemporary manuscript notations. Good. A rare Havana imprint. As Spanish power in the New World was waning, its grip on Cuba was threatened by domestic and foreign intruders. This decree, issued by Fernando VII on June 17, 1813 and printed on September 20, orders the annulment of all criminal cases. This amnesty policy, extended to other areas of New Spain as well, sought to placate opposition forces. It calls on all levels of government to announce and enforce the decree. It is endorsed in manuscript. $1250. Venereal Disease and an Unusual Cuban Imprint 17. [Cuba]: Navarro, Joaquín José: ENSAYO SOBRE LOS MEDIOS DE PRECAVER, CURAR Y DESTRUIR LAS BUBAS Ó PIANES DEL PUEBLO DE S. LUIS DE LOS CANEYES. Puerto Principe [Camagüey], Cuba: Imprenta de la audiencia territorial, 1814. 45pp. Quarto. Dbd. Some edge wear and minor chipping, faint dampstain throughout, some worming, with extensive repaired worming to some leaves, affecting some text. Overall good. A rare Cuban imprint regarding disease amongst the native people of Cuba. Navarro, a doctor from the University of Havana, describes an outbreak of venereal disease in a small town of Indians. This work does not appear in OCLC. Almost all surviving Cuban imprints from this period are from Havana, so this possibly unique imprint is most unusual. PALAU 188223. $4250. 18. [Cuba]: [Boloña, José, printer]: [Arrondo y Santilices, Juan de]: DOCUMENTOS JUSTIFICATIVOS DE LOS MERITOS Y SERVICIOS DE D. JUAN DE ARREDONDO Y SANTELICES, AUDITOR DE GUERRA DE LA PROVINCIA DE LA FLORIDA ORIENTAL. Havana: Esteban José de Boloña, [1815]. [1],9pp. Gathered signatures, stitched. Stitching mostly perished. Light fold lines, minimal foxing, ink marginal notations, contemporary ink inscription after the text. Very good. An early Cuban imprint printed by Esteban José de Boloña, the first printer in Cuba after the 1776 ban on printing. Juan de Arrondo y Santilices was an official in Spanish Florida, the Auditor of War of East Florida, during the early 19th century. This is a work detailing the deeds of Arrondo y Santilices, likely an attempt to secure a pension. Rare; not in Palau, Medina, or OCLC. $2250. 19. [Cuba]: REGLAMENTOS GENERALES DEL GRANDE ORIENTE TERRITORIAL ESPAÑOL-AMERICANO, (RITO ESCOCES DE FRANCOS-MASONES ANTIGUOS Y ACEPTADOS) REGULARMENTE ESTABLECIDO EN LA CIUDAD DE LA HABANA, ISLA DE CUBA.... [Havana]: Impresos por orden del mismo Grande Oriente el ual prohive que se reimpriman sin su licencia, [1821]. [4],43pp. Small quarto. Later vellum, cover title. Closed tear to titlepage, repaired on verso with later paper. Closed tear to p.3 in text; minor toning and soiling, a few notations to text. About very good. Regulations for the Scottish Rite Freemasons in Havana. The table of contents notes chapters on the fundamental principals of Freemasonry, as well as chapters on the specific rites. Includes a list of the "Grandes Oficiales y Demas Miembros del Gran Consistorio," as well as a list of the members "Simbolico." A rare document, likely printed in a small run. Only one copy in OCLC, at the Universitat Jaume I in Spain. SABIN 68891. $1750.

Wanted Men in Colonial Cuba 20. [Cuba]: RELACION DE LOS REOS PRÓFUGOS, ACÚSADOS Y SENTENCIADOS EN REBELDIA QUE DEBEN SER APREHENDIDOS Y REMITIDOS Á CADA UNO DE LOS JUZGADOS Á QUE CORRESPONDEN, Y SE ESPRESAN Á CONTINUACION [caption title]. [Havana. 1832?] 18pp. Folio. Loose leaves. Heavy worming, mostly marginal, though somewhat affecting text in places. Light dampstaining and foxing. Good. An extensive list of fugitives from Cuban courts that covers the period from 1822 to 1832. Each section comprises a catalogue of men tried before a specific court, and individual entries provide names, brief descriptions, mostly of skin color, birthplaces, likely places of residence, and crimes committed together with the sentences handed down. Many men are condemned to the gallows, or are facing long sentences in African or other overseas prison camps. This list was also printed as a part of the October 9, 1832 issue of DIARIO DE LA HABANA, but a separate printing, as is the present example, is not found in OCLC or the relevant bibliography. $1850. 21. [Cuba]: ARANCELES GENERALES PARA EL COBRO DE DERECHOS DE INTRODUCCION Y ESTRACCION EN TODAS LAS ADUANAS DE LOS PUERTOS HABILITADOS DE LA SIEMPRE FILE ISLA DE CUBA, PARA EL ANO DE 1834. Havana: Imprenta del Gobierno y Capitania General, y de la Real Hacienda por S.M., [1834]. [6],64,[8]pp. Folio. Contemporary Cuban binding of marbled calf, gilt spine and gilt tooled borders on covers. Slight edge wear. A very good, crisp copy. This early Havana imprint provides a detailed account of all the goods imported by Cuba at the time of publication, with the relevant tax information. In a handsome period Cuban binding. $2000. 22. [Cuba]: [BROADSIDE LISTING PRICES AND EXPORTS OF MARIATEQUI, KNIGHT & Co. FROM CUBA]. Havana. April 18, 1834. Broadside, 9¾ x 7½ inches. Old fold lines. Fine. A fine broadside advertising goods and services of Mariatequi, Knight & Co. of Havana, Cuba, and giving commercial news. The company exported sugar, coffee, molasses, and sundry provisions to New Orleans and other parts of the United States, and to Europe. This broadside gives the going rates on those products, as well as two comparative export charts listing quantities shipped to various locales. They list three kinds of sugars for sale - white, brown, and yellow - and note that coffee is dear due to "the extreme scantiness of this year's production." Beyond coffee and sugar, under the heading of "provisions," the company offered jerked beef, codfish, cocoa, hams, lumber, flour, candles, soap, lard, and other various items. $400. 23. [Cuba]: [PRICE SHEET FOR CUBAN EXPORTS, INCLUDING SUGAR, COFFEE, AND MOLASSES]. Havana. 1836. Broadside, 10 x 8 inches. Old fold lines, with a few minor spots of foxing, else fine. An excellent price current for markets in Havana, including prices for twenty-one commodities, including sugar, coffee, molasses, jerked beef, cocoa, rice, lumber, and candles. With comparative tables for the exports of sugar and coffee from Havana and Matanzas to various points in America and Europe. Demand for commodities of all sorts is down - sugar has "subsided," coffee "has continued dull," and jerked beef has "a very limited import this year," while freights "are very dull." The Panic of 1837 would follow shortly, caused by excessive speculation in the United States. $500. 24. [Cuba]: BANDO Y DEMAS DOCUMENTOS PUBLICADOS EN EL DIARIO DE LA HABANA...SOBRE PESETAS SEVILLANAS. Havana. Sept. 29, 1841. Broadside, 23 x 16 1/2 inches. Splitting on middle fold, else very good. A proclamation by the Spanish military government in Cuba concerning legal tender and its circulation, and

providing a series of regulations for commerce and exchange. Guide to Cuba

$400.

25. [Cuba]: PLANOS DE BOLSILLO DE LA ISLA DE CUBA, LA CIUDAD DE LA HABANA Y SUS BARRIOS ESTRAMUROS, CON LA TABLA DE DISTANCIAS DE UNOS PUEBLOS A OTROS. Havana. 1842. [18]pp. plus eight plates (seven folding). 16mo. Original half cloth and marbled paper, printed label on front cover. Extremities worn. Lacking front fly leaf. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Minor foxing to plates, internally very clean. Very good. An attractive pocket guide for the island of Cuba, including Havana and its surrounding neighborhoods. Includes tables recording the distances between towns, currency rates, and post schedules. With two plans of Havana and a map of Cuba, as well as several intriguing color plates demonstrating the various flag signals to be posted in the plaza in Havana, each representing a specific message or warning. Notable for both its maps and color plates. SABIN 63307. $3250. 26. [Cuba]: [Slavery]: [SIX MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS DETAILING THE BILL OF SALE OR LIBERATION OF SLAVES IN CUBA]. Cuba. 1842-1872. [6] leaves. Folio. Single sheets. Minor worming, offsetting. Very good. A group of interesting documents, all bearing official stamps, documenting the sale or liberation of various slaves from 1842-72. The slaves are described by name, age, and as either "negro," "mulato," or "criolla." Though Cuba ended its participation in the slave trade in 1867, it was not until 1886 that slavery was finally abolished by royal decree. An interesting collection showing the persistent nature of Cuban slave culture in the latter half of the 19th century. $900. Building a Railroad to the Sugar Plantations 27. [Cuba]: [ARCHIVE OF TEN MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE PROPOSED MATANZAS-SABANILLA RAILWAY EXTENSION TO A SUGAR REFINERY]. Havana. 1843. Ten manuscript documents, [37]pp. total. Folio and small quarto sheets. Light age toning and soiling, some ink bleed. Generally very good. Documents relating to the building of an extension of the Matanzas-Sabanilla railway line in northern Cuba to the Ojo de Agua sugar refinery, with discussion of the difficulties, costs, benefits, etc. One of the positive effects of the railway line, as noted in the archive, is that the linkage of Havana and Matanzas could avert any attempt to invade the island and aid in the defense of the coastal area. Two railroad companies are mentioned in the archive and included in the reports and correspondence: the Empresa-Sabanilla Railway Company and the Guines Railway. Two of the documents are signed by Jerónimo Valdés (1784-1855), a Spanish military figure and administrator who served as governor of Cuba from 1841 to September 1843. $1250. The Transportation of Slaves in Cuba 28. [Cuba]: [TWO MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS ADDRESSING THE TRANSFER OF CUBAN SLAVES]. Havana. 1845. [2]pp. Folio. Loose sheets. Previously folded, Both leaves ink and blind stamped. Light wear and discoloration around edges, scattered foxing, one small tear at foot of one leaf. Very good. Two official documents issued from Havana in October 1845 regarding licenses for the transportation of slaves across Cuba. One letter requests a license be granted for the travel of a black slave named Miguel, "de nacion Ganga," to the town of Olimpo. The other grants a license for the transport of a black African slave named Desideria so that she may be sent to Matanzas. Interesting manuscript evidence of the organization and bureaucracy of the Cuban slave trade in the mid-19th century. $500.

Documenting Slavery in Cuba 29. [Cuba]: [Slavery]: [TWENTY-EIGHT MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS AND PRINTED FORMS REPORTING THE DEATHS AND ILLNESSES OF CURRENT AND FORMER SLAVES IN 19th CENTURY CUBA]. Cuba. [ca 1850 - 1891]. [28] leaves, various sizes. Eighteen manuscript leaves and ten printed forms completed in manuscript. Some browning and chipping, with occasional worming and paper loss, sometimes affecting text. Several documents with contemporary Cuban institutional ink stamps. Good plus. A collection of twenty-eight death reports and other notices for Cuban slaves and freedmen from the second half of the 19th century. The vast majority of the notices report a death or burial, giving a brief description of the slave or other Cuban person of color, usually including skin tone, country or region of origin, owners or relations if known, cause of death (which include illnesses such as typhoid and epilepsy), and give the date. Most documents are accomplished entirely in manuscript, however there is a significant portion of the group that consist of completed printed forms, both written in quite legible hands. The printed forms note the transfer of the bodies to the cemetery. Several other notices, such as that of a baptism, are also included. While the documents span nearly half of the 19th century, the preponderance date from the 1860s and 1870s. An interesting collection that sheds light on the Cuban bureaucracy surrounding slavery, which continued on the island until 1888. $2500. Port Regulations for Havana 30. [Cuba]: EL CAPITAN DEL PUERTO DE LA HABANA PREVIENE A LOS CAPITANES Y PATRONES QUE FONDEEN O ESTEN FONDEADOS EN ESTE PUERTO, LO SIGUIENTE... [caption title]. [Havana. 1850s?] 4pp., on a bifolium, 15¾ x 10½ inches. Printed in three coloumns. Previously folded, with some short separations along fold lines. Somewhat tanned, with some dust soiling in upper portion of first leaf recto. Good plus. Bifolium printing of twenty-four directives intended to govern the operation of vessels in the port of Havana. They include provisions for the arrival and departure of ships, their docking and mooring, the storage of gunpowder while in port, fire prevention, and penalties for carrying firearms or other deadly weapons ashore. The document is printed in three columns, which provide versions of the regulations in Spanish, English, and French. Daniel Warren, mentioned here as the port officer in charge of preventing desertions and illegal transfers of men from ship to ship, is also named as Havana shipping master in an 1858 letter from the American Consul Thomas Savage to the Governor of Havana, included in a contemporary United States Senate report on foreign trade. "As early as 1828, Irish migrant Daniel Warren established 'a deposit for foreign sailors and artisans' in Havana, providing an initial place for them to stay while looking for work."- Curry-Machado, CUBAN SUGAR INDUSTRY, p. 74. A very rare piece of Cuban maritime ephemera, with OCLC noting only one copy at the Harvard Law Library. OCLC 81408661. $1750. 31. [Cuba]: REGULATIONS OF THE CUSTOMHOUSES IN THE ISLAND OF CUBA, FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE CAPTAINS AND SUPERCARGOS OF SPANISH AND FOREIGN VESSELS ENGAGED IN THIS TRADE [caption title]. [Havana. ca. 1851]. [3]pp. printed on one leaf in triple-column format in parallel Spanish, English, and French. Folio. Bit tanned, old folds. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell box. An interesting record of sixteen regulations, signed in print by Ignacio de Arrieta. On the blank verso of page [3] is a manuscript note which appears to establish this copy as that belonging to the "Barque Prenttis Havana August 5, 1851," followed by the note: "Havana August 28, 1851 Hank Rogers." $650. A Bullfighting Broadside from Cuba in 1854

32. [Cuba]: [Bullfighting]: PLAZA DE TOROS DE LA HABANA. DECIMA CORRIDA DEL PRIMER ABONO, PARA EL DOMINGO 16 DE JULIO DE 1854, A LAS 5 DE LA TARDE [caption title]. Havana. 1854. Broadside, 12½ x 8 inches. Printed on green paper. Old fold lines. Light wear and soiling, minor separation at some folds. A few contemporary notations. Very good. Cuban broadside advertising a bullfight featuring matador Don Manuel Rodriguez Lanza and the "8 toros de muerte." The top of the sheet features a woodcut of a matador holding his cape out to a bull. The first swordsman for the fight is Manuel Diaz Lavi, with two alternates listed. The names of the Banderilleros and Picadores for the fight are also listed. Bullfighting was a popular entertainment in Cuba during the Spanish colonial period, though it was done away with after Cuban independence at the beginning of the 20th century. $1500. Building New Ports to Fuel Cuban Growth 33. [Cuba]: [THREE MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS RELATING TO A PROPOSED PORT FOR THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE PROVINCE OF SANCTI SPIRITUS]. Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. 1856-1858. 114pp. in three parts. Small quarto. Dbd. Light toning and foxing. Very good. Detailed reports on the proposed public works project concerning a port on the Zaza River for the province of Sancti Spiritus in central Cuba. The Zaza River reaches the sea at the small town of Tunas de Zaza, presumably the location of the port under discussion. There is much detail about both the need for the port and proposals for construction. The engineer discusses the difficulties involved, such as flooding in the river delta, as well as the benefits to commerce, both foreign and domestic. There is also mention of the need for security forces to deter any insurrection on the part of slaves. The first two documents are addressed by Joaquin Casariego to the Governor, while the last is signed by Juan Marin and Juan Falces. $1500. 34. [Cuba]: [Slavery]: [MANUSCRIPT BILL OF SALE FOR THE COFFEE PLANTATION LA CRIOLLA AND ITS SLAVES]. [Cuba. 1871]. 6pp. Folio. Later stitching. Heavy offsetting. Good. An interesting manuscript recording the bill of sale of the coffee plantation "La Criolla" and its slaves. The slaves are listed individually by name and include many children, some as young as three years old. The document is detailed, outlining the timeline for payment and including a clause for sale of the slaves if certain deadlines are not met. This bill of sale was recorded at an interesting time in Cuba's slavery history. Though Cuba ended its participation in the slave trade in 1867, it was not until 1886 that slavery was finally abolished by royal decree. $600. The Cuban War for Independence 35. [Cuba]: Aguilera y Zayas, Gabriel: A LOS HABITANTES DE CALABAZAR, CEJA DE PABLO, QUEMADO DE GIIINES Y RANCHO VELOZ [caption title]. [Cuba]. Sept. 18, 1878. Broadside, 12½ x 8¾ inches. Chip in upper left corner, not affecting text. Small tears in all edges, several repaired by tape on verso. Good. A rare and fascinating Cuban political broadside calling for an end to armed struggle but a beginning to a "struggle for ideas" at the conclusion of Cuba's "Ten Years' War," the battle for independence from Spain that lasted between 1868 and 1878. The broadside is addressed to the residents of the region around the north-central coast of Cuba, some 150 miles east of Havana. The text of the broadside is signed in print by Gabriel Aguilera y Zayas, Secretary of the Partido Union Constitucional (PUC), one of the two main political parties that developed out of the Ten Years' War. The PUC, which was a conservative pro-Spanish party led by prominent Creoles, sought a measure of local political autonomy while favoring continued Spanish control over Cuba. The text exhorts Cubans to partake in the ideological struggle that would succeed the armed rebellion, and urges them not to fall into lethargy but to continue the battle of ideas against radicals seeking independence from Spanish colonial rule.

Due to their ephemeral nature, as well as the climate of the Caribbean, any such Cuban broadsides are scarce. No copies of this broadside are located on OCLC. Important evidence of the political factionalism and the strength of pro-Spanish sentiment in Cuba in the late 19th century. Rare, and possibly unique. $1250. Map of Cuba for Use in the Spanish-American War 36. [Cuba]: MILITARY MAP OF THE ISLAND OF CUBA. PREPARED IN THE MILITARY INFORMATION DIVISION, ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE, WAR DEPARTMENT. [New York: Julius Bien, lithographer], 1897. Four folded sheet maps, each 37 x 27 inches. Quarto. Original brown cloth, gilt leather label on cover. Light wear to binding. Each map segmented and backed with linen. Light toning. Very good. Lithograph map of Cuba, drawn by C.H. Ourand, showing various districts and precincts, small towns, villages, telegraph stations, military trenches, railroads, highways, wagon roads, and even foot paths. This map was published on the eve of the Spanish-American War, wherein the United States fought for Cuban independence from Spain. This map seems also to exist in a large, single-sheet version, though this edition was clearly printed in four distinct segments, likely to show more detail at a larger resolution. $3500. The American Military Orders Governing Cuba In the Wake of the Siezure of the Island During the Spanish American War 37. [Cuba]: [Spanish-American War]: [TWO VOLUMES OF GENERAL ORDERS FROM THE AMERICAN MILITARY GOVERNMENT IN HAVANA DIRECTING STATE AND LOCAL OPERATIONS AFTER THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, 1899-1900]. Havana. 1899-1900. Approximately [520]; [600]pp., including several folding charts. Over 200 separate imprints. Original half leather and brown cloth boards, spine gilt. Corners and edges worn, spine rubbed, boards scuffed. Initial leaves of first volume toran away, but present. Several other leaves chipped and torn throughout. With many official signatures and docketing stamps. Good. Two volumes of orders promulgated in 1889 and 1900 by the American military government of Cuba after the cessation of hostilities in the Spanish-American War. Under the terms of the Teller Amendment to the Congressional Joint Resolution for war with Spain in 1898, the United States denied the intention of using the conflict as a pretext for the annexation of Cuba, and promised to leave the island following the termination of the war. The American military, therefore, oversaw the creation of the new independent Cuban government before departing in 1902. The documents contained in this collection consist of over two hundred orders in both English and Spanish from the Headquarters Division of Cuba that helped to shape the emerging civilian government. They include instructions for the running of elections, the organization of the courts and school system, the appointments for various government offices, provisions for tax regulations, and may other critical issues facing Cuba at its independence. The directives cover two periods, from January to July in 1899, and from July to September in 1901. Many of the orders are signed in manuscript by the assistants to the military governor for the island, General Leonard Wood, including Assistant Adjutant Generals J.B. Hickey and L.W.V. Kennon, and Brigadier General, Chief of Staff Adna R. Chaffee. An interesting documentation of the first American occupation of Cuba. $5000. 38. [Cuba]: [THREE MOUNTED ALBUMEN PHOTOGRAPHS OF HAVANA, CUBA]. [ca. 1900]. Each measuring 7¾ x 9½ inches, mounted on captioned heavy stock to an overall size of 12½ x 16¼ inches. Some thumb-soiling and foxing, small chip to a few corners. Good. Three handsome photographs featuring street scenes of Havana, Cuba during an inauguration or parade, from the late 19th or early 20th century. Each photograph is titled "ISLA DE CUBA" at top, and "HABANA" underneath the image. $350.

A Classic Work on Cuban Trees 39. Fernandez y Jimenez, José María: TRATADO DE ARBORICULTURA CUBANA Y LLEVA AGREGADA LA DE ISLA DE PINOS Y PUERTO-RICO.... Havana: Imprenta y taller de encuadernacion "La Fortuna," 1867. 225,[1]pp. plus [4]pp. of publisher's advertisements. Later half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, gilt morocco label. Spine ends chipped, joints cracked, other extremities worn. Else very good. A scarce and significant Cuban agricultural imprint cataloguing nearly 700 trees and shrubs found in Cuba, the Island of Pines, and Puerto Rico. Spanish and Latin names are provided for all of the plants, together with their physical specifications, descriptions of and uses for their wood, and for many species, discussions of their cultivation and medicinal properties. Various informative lists and tables accompany the main text, and an "Almanaque Rural" concludes the volume with a series of monthly instructions on arboreal propagation and care. OCLC lists a total of eleven copies. PALAU 88992. $1000. A Havana Imprint Attacking Napoleon 40. Figuera de Vargas, Francisco: LA UNION INDISOLUBLE. AVISO Á LOS INCAUTOS AMERICANOS CONTRA LA SEDUCCIONES DE NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, Y MAXÍMAS DE LOS NUEVOS FILOSOFOS. Havana: Don Esteban Joseph Boloña, 1811. [6],28pp. Quarto. Half modern polished calf and linen-covered boards, spine gilt. Minor instances of light foxing at edges of first and last printed leaves. Lower corner of rear fly leaf torn. A very good copy. An extremely rare early 19th-century Havana imprint defending the monarchy and Spanish sovereignty on the Peninsula and in the New World against Napoleon and the negative influences of other contemporary philosophies. Issued during the Peninsular War, Figuera de Vargas' pamphlet was intended to promote the continued union of the Spanish realm in both hemispheres and to serve as a warning against the "seductive" elements of the French invasion and other pernicious influences. Due to a combination of climate and often poor paper quality, colonial-era Cuban imprints are rare. Not recorded in OCLC or Palau. $3500. 41. Fitch, Thomas: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM UNITED STATES REPRESENTATIVE THOMAS FITCH OF NEVADA, REGARDING THE PRINTING OF SPEECHES RELATING TO THE CUBAN INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT]. Washington, D.C. February 21, 1870. [1]p. on a 7¾ x 5-inch sheet of stationery of "Forty-First Congress U.S. House of Representatives" with an engraving of the United States Capitol. A bit of soiling. Recipients name and address effaced from lower left corner of recto. Still, very good. In a quarto-sized blue cloth folding box, gilt spine label. A brief note from United States Congressman Thomas Fitch to an unidentified recipient, probably in Philadelphia (judging from the partially effaced address). Fitch writes: "Dear Sir, The GLOBE office here will furnish Cuban speeches at the rate of $50 for 5000. There are none now in print. If directed for distribution here will have them franked. Yours truly, Thos. Fitch." Fitch is almost certainly referring to speeches made in the United States Congress in support of the Cuban insurrection against Spanish rule. The Cuban struggle, which began in 1868 and is commonly known as the "Ten Years War," was greeted with a mixed reaction in the United States, with several speeches made in the Congress for and against the recognition of Cuban independence. When he mentions the GLOBE office, Fitch is referring to the printing offices of the CONGRESSIONAL GLOBE, a precursor of today's CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. Thomas Fitch (1838-1923) was born in New York City and began in the newspaper trade in Milwaukee. In 1860 he moved to California where he edited the SAN FRANCISCO TIMES and PLACERVILLE REPUBLICAN. Fitch studied law and served in the California Assembly in 1862-1863. He moved to Nevada in June, 1863, and

was elected to the convention to create the state constitution in 1864. Fitch would go on to serve as District Attorney of Washoe County, and in 1868 was elected to the U.S. Congress as a Republican from Nevada, serving one term, from 1869 to 1871. He eventually moved back to California and practiced law and journalism. $200. The "Colored" Cavalry Regiment 42. Glass, E.L.N., compiler: THE HISTORY OF THE TENTH CAVALRY, 1866 - 1921. [Tucson: Acme Printing Company, 1921]. 141,[4]pp. with four original photographs pasted to rear endpapers. Original black cloth, stamped in blind and gilt. Spine rubbed, light edge wear. Very good. A history of the Tenth Cavalry, formed after the Civil War as one of two regiments "composed of colored men." It records their service in the Southwest, especially West Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Mexico, as well as Cuba. The Tenth Cavalry was one of the original regiments of "Buffalo Soldiers." The unit fought in the Indian Wars in the late 1800s, and was one of the main participants in the battle of San Juan Hill during the Spanish-American War. Scarce. GRAFF 1571. $1500. 43. Grisebach, August: PLANTAE WRIGHTIANAE, E CUBA ORIENTALI. Cambridge, Ma. 1860-62. Two parts bound in one. [153]-192; [titlepage], [503]-536pp. No titlepage for first part. Quarto. Modern buckram. Very good. Ex-Horticultural Society of New York, with bookplate noting Kenneth K. Mackenzie's bequest of volume. Describes plant specimens collected by Charles Wright made in eastern Cuba during the years 1856-57 and 1859-60. "The specimens were mainly gathered in the high country and mountains behind Santiago de Cuba and Cobre...and especially in the elevated district back of Santa Catalina de Guantanamo." Grisebach (1814-79), a German botanist, was director of the botanical garden at Gottingen. TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 2182. $275. The Types of Cuba in Local Engravings 44. [Landaluze, Victor Patricio de (illustrator); José María de Cárdenas y Rodriguez; et al]: LOS CUBANOS PINTADOS POR SI MISMOS. COLECCION DE TIPOS CUBANOS. EDICION DE LUJO ILLUSTRADA POR LANDALUZE CON GRABADOS DE D. JOSE ROBLES. TOMO I. Havana: Imprenta y papelería de Barcina, 1852. 332,[2]pp. plus lithographic frontispiece, twenty engraved plates, and numerous in-text woodcuts. In Spanish. Modern half morocco and marbled boards. Scattered foxing; occasional contemporary ink and pencil graffiti and notes on plates and text leaves. Overall very good. One of the most important works of costumbrismo in Latin America, and the first collection of its kind in Cuba, with contributions from several notable Cuban writers, and illustrated by Victor Patricio de Landaluze. In the early 1800s a large number of authors and artists in Spain participated in the costumbrismo movement, an important precursor to later 19th-century realism that generally involved written or pictorial sketches of a particular country's or region's social "types," customs, and manners. By 1830 the movement had spread to Cuba, among both native authors and Spanish artists traveling abroad. In the latter category was Victor Patricio de Landaluze (1828-89), the illustrator of the present volume, who eventually settled in Cuba and founded the satirical newspaper, DON JUNÍPERO. LOS CUBANOS PINTADOS... features twenty of Landaluze's illustrations of Cuban types ("La coqueta," "El tabaquero," "El litigante," etc.), engraved on plates by Jose Robles, and includes numerous in-text woodcut illustrations by Robles. The chalk-style lithographic frontispiece view, presumably by Landaluze, depicts a crowd viewing "TIPOS CUBANOS" in a peepshow box at an outdoor gathering. A total of thirty-eight types are described in the volume, often in a combination of prose, dialogue, and verse, by a variety of Cuban costumbre writers, most notably José Victoriano Betancourt, Manuel Costales, Manuel Zequeira, and José María de Cárdenas y Rodriguez. In her "Survey of Cuban Costumbrismo," Roberta Day Corbitt

discusses Cárdenas at length, noting the "humorous irony of Cervantes" in his costumbre satire. Corbitt also cites Cuban biographer Francisco Calcagno, who states that between Cárdenas and writer Anselmo Suárez, "the two have made the most complete and finished picture of the physical and moral condition of a country which was ever traced by the pen of any writer" (Corbitt, p.43). A significant and surprisingly rare volume, with no copies listed on OCLC. Dawn Ades, ART IN LATIN AMERICA: THE MODERN ERA 1820-1980 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989), pp.85, 348. Roberta Day Corbitt, "A Survey of Cuban Costumbrismo" in HISPANIA, Vol. 33, No. 1 (February 1950), pp.41-45. $13,500. A Remarkable Naval Work of the Spanish-American War 45. Martinez-Jurado y Ruiz, Adolfo: DATOS SOBRE LA MARINA DE GUERRA DE LAS DIFERENTES NACIONES: ESTADOS UNIDOS. Havana: Impr. y Litografía de la Maestranza de Artillería, 1898. Letterpress title (verso blank); contents page (verso blank); 4pp. text (recto only of 4 leaves); 1p. text (a table listing all 34 of the "Acorazados" or battleships in the U.S. fleet, recto only); 1p. text (a table of the 51 other vessels ["No Acorazados"] in the U.S. fleet, recto only). Thirty-eight plates (each with a tinted lithographic image of an individual vessel above cross-sectional line images and a letterpress table giving logistical details of the same vessel). Large folio. Dark green three-quarter calf over textured green paper-covered boards, the flat spine lettered and simply decorated in gilt. Very good. This volume, printed for the Cuban navy's artillery division, illustrates thirty-nine ships in the United States Naval Fleet in detail. Each vessel is illustrated in pictorial and schematic form, with a toned lithograph of each ship and three cross-section views. The U.S.S. Maine, whose sinking in Havana harbor was a precipitating cause of the Spanish-American War, is among the ships illustrated. On each ship, the most vulnerable section is indicated. In the introductory notes, the author indicates that the purpose of this volume is to prepare Cuba for counterattacks to which it may one day be exposed. A large and remarkable volume, and an extremely interesting piece of American naval history. OCLC records only a single copy of this work, at the Naval Historical Center, but also mentions what may be a second copy at Harvard (lacking a titlepage, tentatively dated 1897 and apparently titled BUQUES DE GUERRA DE LA MARINA DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMÉRICA). Quite rare. OCLC 39900517. $6000. The "Lost" First Cortés Letter 46. Martyr, Peter: DE NUPER SUB D. CAROLO REPERTIS INSULIS, SIMULQ[UE] INCOLARUM MORIBUS. Basel: [Adam Petri], 1521. 43pp. (pp. 20 and 21 misnumbered). Woodcut title border. Small quarto. Later vellum boards. Boards lightly rubbed, endpapers torn. Old faint institutional ink stamp on front free endpaper, titlepage, and verso of final text leaf; small neat ink number on front pastedown and titlepage. Slight toning in some text margins, early ink marginalia and neat underlining on pp.32-33. Overall, a very good copy. In a brown half morocco and cloth box. Martyr's 1521 Basel letter, which contains information from the lost First Cortés Letter. This is a key work for the New World from 1516 to 1520, including the conquest of Mexico and a description of Cuba. "This is Martyr's first narrative of the discovery made by Grijalva and the expedition of Cortes to Mexico, added to a fuller account of Cuba than was contained in his three decades already printed. Harrisse called this work an extract from the Fourth Decade, but it is evidently a much more important work, Stevens and other authorities defining it as a substitute for the lost first Cortes letter. This work supplements, rather than overlaps other narratives by the author" - Streeter. According to the Church entry on the famous Cortés Letters addressed to Emperor Charles V: "The first of these, known as the Lost First Letter, is supposed to have been written at Vera Cruz, July 10, 1519. Whether it was actually lost or suppressed by the Council for the Indies, at the request of Narvaez, is unknown....As this Letter is mentioned by Cortes in his Second Letter and by other contemporaneous writers,

there can be no doubt of its having been written. Extensive researches made by later historians have, however, failed to bring it to light. A publication by Peter Martyr, entitled DE NUPER SUB D. CAROLO REPERTIS INSULIS, published at Basel in 1521, is usually substituted for it." A remarkably important piece of Americana, recounting to Europe for the first time the exploits of Cortés at the beginning of the Conquest. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 521/1. JCB (3)I:79. SABIN 1553. STREETER SALE 8. BORBA DE MORAES, p.530. MEDINA (BHA) 62. STEVENS NUGGETS 1802. HARRISSE 110. CHURCH 47 (ref). JCB GERMAN AMERICANA 521/1. BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 1. $65,000. A Premier Collection of Voyages 47. Martyr, Peter: EXTRAICT OU RECUEIL DES ISLES NOUVELLEMENT TROUVEES EN LA GRAND MER OCEANE OU TEMPS DU ROY DESPAIGNE FERNAND & ELIZABETH SA FEMME, FAICT PREMIEREMENT EN LATIN PAR PIERRE MARTYR DE MILLAN, & DEPUIS TRANSLATE EN LANGUAIGE FRANCOYS.... Paris: Simon de Colines, [1532]. [8],207 leaves. Small quarto. 18th-century calf, gilt, inner dentelles, rebacked to style, spine gilt with leather label. Bookplates on front pastedown. Some minor soiling. Scattered notations in Spanish in an early hand. Very good. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label. First French edition, and the first collection of voyages printed in the French language, collected by Peter Martyr, the first historian of the Americas. "Peter Martyr (1457-1526) was born near Lake Maggiore. He was a contemporary and friend of Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, Hernan Cortes, Ferdinand Magellan, Sebastian Cabot, and Amerigo Vespucci. Through his friendship with these explorers, as well as from his official position as a member of the Council for the Indies in Spain, he was able to obtain authentic original documents and much valuable information about the discoveries made by the early navigators. His works were held in the highest esteem by his contemporaries and are indispensable as a primary source for the history of the Americas" - Hill. This edition consists of a slightly abridged translation of Peter Martyr's first three Decades (from DE ORBE NOVO, first published in 1516 in Alcala de Henares) and three "narrations," the first being a translation of the first edition (Basel 1521) of Martyr's fourth Decade; the second and third are abridged translations of the Second and Third Letters of Cortés, first published in 1524 at Nuremberg. Cortés' famed Second Letter, dated Oct. 30, 1520, provides a vivid account of the conquest of Mexico, describing the people he encountered and fought en route to the Aztec capital. He relates his conflict with his rival, Velazquez, and gives a wonderful description of the buildings, institutions, and court at Tenochtitlan. It is here that Cortés provides a definitive name for the country, calling it "New Spain of the Ocean Sea." This letter is also important for making reference to Cortés' "lost" first letter, supposedly composed at Vera Cruz on July 10, 1520. Whether that letter was actually lost or suppressed by the Council of the Indies is unknown, but there is little doubt it once existed. The text is the first major announcement to the world of the discovery of major civilizations in the New World, and as such is a work of surpassing importance. The content also touches on Cuba and the West Indies. In addition to numerous Spanish notations in an early hand, this copy bears the bookplates of Theodore Bauffremont-Courtenay, Prince Duke of Bauffremont (1793-1852), cavalry colonel, supporter of the Duchesse de Barry and aide to the Duke de Bordeaux; and Prince Constantin Radziwill (1850-1920), founder of Monte Carlo and father of Leon Radziwill, Proust's friend and model for the character, Robert de Saint-Loup. A rare work, seldom met with in commerce. Only two copies have appeared at auction in the last sixty years. The DuPont copy realized $48,400 in 1991. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 532/1. CHURCH 64. HARRISSE 167. BRUNET I:293. HILL 533 (ref). $90,000. 48. Morejon, Juan Antonio: [MEMORIA SOBRE LOS MEDIOS QUE PODRÁN ADOPTARSE PARA FOMENTAR LAS HACIENDAS EN ÓRDEN AL GANADO VACUNO Y MULAR]. [Havana: Esteban Boloña, 1800]. [6],27,[7]pp. Dbd. Lacking titlepage, with alternate title in manuscript on front cover leaf. Stab

holes along gutter margin. Some offsetting on and front and rear cover leaves from other manuscript documents, final printed page with additional manuscript annotation. Browned and foxed. Good. An exceedingly scarce 1800 Havana imprint that publishes a tract from 1797 that delivers instructions and suggests potential improvements for animal husbandry in Cuba. The author, Juan Antonio Morejon, offers advice on the raising of cattle and mules, gives guidance for increasing reproduction, and provides sample budgets outlining the costs for Cuban haciendas of following his guidelines. "Sobre uno y otro punto diré, no solo aquello conduce al mayor aumento de las haciendas, sino tambien á mejorar sus crianzas, pues la felicidad que buscamos, no debe consistir unicamente en la abundancia, sin el requisito de bondad, á qué és tan inclinado nuestro suelo." Recorded in Medina, however we cannot trace any copies currently in institutions or ever to have appeared at auction. SABIN 50589. MEDINA, HABANA 168. $4000. Drunk Sailors in Havana 49. Morland, John: [AUTOGRAPH DOCUMENT FROM JOHN MORLAND REGARDING THE CONDUCT OF AMERICAN SAILORS MOORED IN HAVANA]. Havana. 1834. [2] leaves, written on recto only, plus blank leaf. Single sheet and bifolium. Single sheet toned, separated at fold line, minor chipping at bottom with small loss to text. Bifolium with edgewear and minor offsetting. Good. A document, and what appears to be a rough draft of the document, detailing the arrest of a sailor named "Ben" for drunkenness. Morland, of the United States Consulate in Cuba, calls for an attempt to enforce a ban on going out after hours, but warns that there will be those who disobey. He expresses his concern over the effects of heavy drinking, including the manpower needed to track down violators and its potential ill effects on trade. $200. 50. Norman, Benjamin Moore: RAMBLES BY LAND AND WATER, OR NOTES OF TRAVEL IN CUBA AND MEXICO; INCLUDING A CANOE VOYAGE UP THE RIVER PANUCO, AND RESEARCHES AMONG THE RUINS OF TAMAULIPAS, &C. New York & New Orleans. 1845. 216pp. Extra engraved titlepage. Contemporary black cloth, gilt pictorial cover, rebacked, contemporary gilt-lettered spine preserved. Moderate foxing, occasionally heavier. Good. A semi-leisurely tour with an ethnological emphasis. Norman's text addresses some of the most pressing Latin American concerns of the day, from Cuba-American commercial relations to Santa Anna's banishment from Mexico. The author waxes poetic on numerous topics, but none so eloquently as Columbus' well-travelled remains occasioned by a visit to his tomb in Havana. SABIN 30570. $350. 51. Pichardo, Esteban: DICCIONARIO PROVINCIAL CASI-RAZONADO DE VOZES CUBANAS. Havana. 1862. xvii,281pp. Later three-quarter mottled calf and boards, spine gilt. Faint edge wear. Internally clean. A fine copy, with bookplate of noted collector Alberto Parreño on front pastedown. The third edition of this early Cuban regional dictionary, first published in 1836. The work has significance both as a lexicographical source and as a document of 19th-century Cuba. PALAU 225346. $400. 52. Ravina, Jose Domingo: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER SIGNED FROM JOSE DOMINGO RAVINA TO MIGUEL TACON REGARDING PRISONERS BEING SHIPPED TO CUBA ON A SPANISH VESSEL]. Charleston. 1835. [4]pp. Bifolium. Uniformly browned, minor dampstaining on first leaf. Some offsetting. Very good. A letter addressed to Governor Miguel Tacon, from the Spanish consulate in America, regarding the passage of a Spanish ship, carrying fifty prisoners, travelling from Havana to Coruña, Spain. Includes a bill of 168 pesos,

which has been paid on behalf of Tacon, for clothing obtained for the prisoners and for medical attention given to some of the convicts who fell ill. The letter concludes by letting the Governor know that the ship has set sail into the sea the day before and will continue the voyage per his wishes. $225. 53. Saco, José Antonio: [Cuba]: [GROUP OF FOUR LETTERS BY CUBAN ABOLITIONIST JOSÉ ANTONIO SACO]. Gibraltar; Paris. 1837-1844. [20]pp. Previously folded, with a few chips and small tears along old folds. Some foxing and browning, light wear, a few scattered worm holes. About very good. A small collection of four letters from important Cuban intellectual and abolitionist José Antonio Saco to his friend José Luis Alfonso y Garcia. Saco left Cuba in 1836 and spent the rest of his life in exile, mostly in Paris, though he still advocated for Cuban issues and the end of slavery on the island, and today is regarded as one of the early proponents of Cuban nationalism. All the letters assembled here address the issue of slavery or discuss his agitations for reform and Cuban independence. The first letter written from Gibraltar in December 1837, soon after his departure from Cuba, describes the various groups in Spain that support independence for Cuba, and asks his friend for assistance in obtaining a passport from a Latin American republic to allow for his freer travel around Europe. The second and longest letter dates from May 30, 1842, and reports that he has been branded as a revolutionary in France soon after his arrival in Paris for being a known "amigo de los negros," and talks about his composition of a report for an anti-slavery publication in London. In the third letter, from June 1844, he ruminates on his long absence from Cuba, and worries about the effect of uprisings and conspiracies among the slaves on their prospects of freedom, but points out that the obvious solution is emancipation in the first place. The final letter, from September 1844, discusses his work on and revision of his anti-slavery tract that would be published in Paris the next year: "Acepte su oferta generosa, y habiendome puesto a revisar el papel, lo he refundido y formado otro nuevo, cuyo objectivo es considerar la abolicion del trafico baso el aspecto economico y politico." An interesting set of letters from an important 19th century Cuban political figure and author.

$1750.

Detailed Manuscript on Tobacco Cultivation in Cuba, 1849 54. Salazar, Tomas de: APUNTES SOBRE EL CULTIVO DEL TABACO EN LA YSLA DE CUBA Y MEJORAS QUE PUEDEN HACERSE ESPECIALMENTE EN LA PARTE OCCIDENTAL O VUELTA DE ABAJO. Escritos por el Teniente Coronel retirado D. Tomas de Salazar [manuscript title]. Pinar del Rio. 1849. [4],122pp. Folio. Contemporary blue wrappers. Spine perished, gatherings loose. Light foxing to wrappers and outer leaves of text. Very good. A significant manuscript about the cultivation of tobacco in Cuba, discussing all aspects of cultivation, harvesting, drying, and preparation, as well as processes and possible improvements. The work focuses mainly on the Vuelta Abajo district in the Pinar del Rio province of Cuba. The Vuelta Abajo region was first planted with tobacco in the 1700s. The increased European demand for Cuban cigars that began in the 1820s led to widespread planting there in the 1830s in a successful effort to upgrade the quality of what was being produced on the island. This was a significant period in cigar history, so this work, written just a decade or so later, is an important record of that time and place. The tobacco grown in Vuelta Abajo is considered by many tobacco enthusiasts to be the best tobacco in the world (this is where Cohiba cigars come from). The present work is apparently the original manuscript of the book, CARTILLA AGRARIA PARA EL CULTIVO DEL TABACO, Y APUNTES SOBRE SU ESTADO Y MEJORAS..., published in Cuba in 1850. The text is very similar, the most noticeable difference being that the manuscript has twenty-four chapters while the 1850 book has twenty-one, the final three chapters having been omitted in the printed version. Also, the manuscript contains seven pages of "notes" on the last pages that contain additional information for each of the chapters. Beyond that, the text is nearly identical, with only a word or two here and there changed or missing. We believe it is fair to say the manuscript is not a copy of the book but rather predates the published version. OCLC locates only two copies of the 1850 Havana printing (Harvard, University of Miami), two copies of an

1851 Manila printing (National Library of Spain, Florida International University), and one copy of an 1850 Puerto Rico printing (National Agriculture Library in Maryland). $9500. 55. Santacilia, Pedro: LECCIONES ORALES SOBRE LA HISTORIA DE CUBA, PRONUNCIADAS EN EL ATENEO DEMOCRATICO CUBANO DE NUEVA YORK. Nueva-Orleans: Imprenta de Luis Eduardo del Cristo, 1859. xi,220pp. Later black morocco and contemporary marbled boards, spine gilt. Boards worn along edges and extremities. Light scattered foxing and dampstaining. Bookplates of noted collectors Oscar Benjamin Cintas and Alberto Parreño on front pastedown. Very good. The author was a Cuban national who came to New York in 1853 as an exile. He later travelled to Mexico to join the liberal ranks during the War of Reform, joining the government of the new Republic in the 1860s. Eight lectures are included, in which Santacilia examines Cuba's history with a critical eye towards Spanish rule. PALAU 299379. SWANN PARREÑO SALE, 1978, lot 1358 (this copy). $500. 56. Sauvalle, Francisco A.: FLORA CUBANA. ENUMERATIO NOVA PLANTARUM CUBENSIUM VEL REVISIO CATALOGI GRISEBACHIANI, EXHIBENS DESCRIPTIONES GENERUM SPECIERUMQUE NOVARUM CAROLI WRIGHT, (CANTABRIDIAE) ET FRANCISCO SAUVALLE, SYNONYMIS NOMINIBUSQUE VULGARIBUS CUBENSIS ADJECTIS. Havana. 1873. [4],324pp. Extra titlepage. 19th-century three-quarter olive green morocco and marbled boards. Old shelf label on spine, bookplate on front pastedown, library pocket on rear pastedown. A fresh, clean copy internally. Very good, with the ink stamp and bookplate of the Horticultural Society of New York noting Kenneth K. Mackenzie's bequest of the book. Sauvalle, a United States-born botanist of French descent, settled in Cuba in 1824 as a merchant and industrialist. He was actually more editor than author, as the new taxa described herein are to be attributed to Charles Wright. Originally published in the ANNALES DE LA ACADEMIA DE SCIENCIAS MEDICAS DE LA HABANA (1868-72). This separate book publication was issued in parts and is consequently quite rare. TAXONOMIC LITERATURE 10371. $1000. 57. [Scenographia Americana]: A VIEW OF THE HARBOUR AND CITY OF THE HAVANA, TAKEN FROM JESU DEL MONTE. London: John Bowles [et al], [1768]. Engraved view (14½ x 22½ inches), matted (20 x 26½ inches). Plate with mild age toning, but a generally very good, clean impression with slight instances of foxing at margins of sheet (not affecting image). A rare mid-18th-century view of Havana and the surrounding landscape and seascape, one of a set of six engraved views of Cuba from the famous SCENOGRAPHIA AMERICANA. All of these Cuban views were executed by Elias Durnford, an engineer with the British expedition which seized Havana from the Spanish in 1762. The British remained in control for over a year before returning the city to Spain in the Peace of 1763 in exchange for the Floridas. Durnford's views are some of the finest produced of any of the Caribbean islands in the 18th century. The present engraving provides a good view of Havana from the land side, with an expansive pastoral view of fields and palm trees extending to the harbor. Several ships are seen in the harbor itself, with additional lands and the sea beyond in the distance. The SCENOGRAPHIA AMERICANA was the brainchild of Thomas Pownall, who served as governor of several British provinces in North America and was himself a capable topographical artist. He commissioned, and in several cases personally drew, scenes in British North America from Quebec to the Caribbean. The views are generally found individually in the marketplace, and the set is best known for the famous Howdell views of New York and the Boston and Charleston panoramas. Originally issued in parts, followed by a single volume with twenty-eight plates, only a few complete sets of the SCENOGRAPHIA AMERICANA exist. The Cuba views, which are among the rarest, were originally issued in a fascicle of six. The present plate provides one of the finest 18th-century views of Havana. SABIN 77467. HOWES S140. DEÁK, PICTURING AMERICA 106 (for list of the plates in SCENOGRAPHIA AMERICANA). $3000.

58. Segura, Toribio: [MANUSCRIPT LETTER BY TORIBIO SEGURA, A SPANISH MUSICIAN IN CUBA]. Havana. 1833. [2]pp. Blue paper. Chipped and foxed. About good. Letter by a Spanish musician living in Cuba, Toribio Segura, declaiming his dislike for a visiting German music seller named Frederick Rudolphus. "Quisiera poder recordar en mi memoria alguna relacion de amistad...." Segura came to Cuba in 1816, established music periodicals, and was an important part of the musical community of Havana in its years of the sugar boom. $150. 59. Sewall, Joseph: A SERMON PREACHED AT THE THURSDAY-LECTURE IN BOSTON, SEPTEMBER 16, 1762. BEFORE THE GREAT AND GENERAL COURT OF THE PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS-BAY, IN NEW-ENGLAND. ON THE JOYFUL NEWS OF THE REDUCTION OF THE HAVANNAH. Boston. 1762. 33pp. Half title. Dbd. Some foxing on half title, otherwise near fine. A Boston pastor's prayer of thanks for the British capture of Havana from Spain. This later episode in the French and Indian War damaged the Spanish navy considerably and ultimately resulted in the British possession of Florida. SABIN 79430. EVANS 9269. $600. 60. [Spanish Shipping]: [Caribbean]: REGLAMENTO DEL NUMERO DE DIAS DE NAVEGACION DE IDA Y VUELTA... [caption title]. Madrid. July 18, 1805. [3]pp. Folio. Folded sheet. Signed in manuscript at end. Fine. This document provides travel times between areas in New Spain. The first part of the document shows travel time, in days, to and from Spain, Puerto Rico, Havana, and Cartegena listing various destinations in Spanish America. Destinations include St. Augustine, Pensacola, New Orleans, Manila, and various points in South America. The second part of the document outlines payment expectations for the officials and troops embarking on these journeys, including a proviso that payment will remain the same even if the voyage takes less time than expected. $600. 61. Tacon, Francisco: [CIRCULAR REGARDING TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CUBA]. Philadelphia. 1834. [1]p. Single leaf, written on recto only. Toned, edges worn. Separated at center fold, small loss affecting one word of text. About good. Circular distributed by Envoy Francisco Tacon, brother to Cuba's controversial Governor, Miguel Tacon. The document urges vigilance of the comings and goings of American vessels in Cuba, discussing in particular the shipment of weapons, arms, and uniforms for the army headed to any port in Europe or America. He instructs them to keep a particular eye on the shipment of the vessel "Coyo." His circular closes by warning that any who withhold information will be held responsible by the Spanish government, under order of the Queen. This vigilance of the exportation of American goods in Cuba may be a result of an order passed by the United States in June of 1834 which addressed tariffs placed on Spanish vessels trading in America. Though the new fees were not to be enforced until the following March, it appears that Tacon is preemptively surveying the shipments of American vessels, possibly to negotiate better terms for Spain. $225. Early Havana Imprint 62. Trespalacios y Verdeja, Felípe José de: EDICTO EN QUE EL ILUSTRISIMO SEÑOR DR. D. FELIPE JOSEPH DE TRES-PALACIOS Y VERDEJA, PRIMER OBISPO DE LA HAVANA, PROVINCIAS DE LA FLORIDA Y LUISIANA, DEL CONSEJO DE S. M. &c. CORRIGE EN SU DIOSCESIS EL ABUSO, Y DESORDEN CON QUE SE TOCAN LAS CAMPANAS, Y CONCURRE A LA MODERACION CON QUE LA REAL PRAGMATICA REDUCE LA POMPA FUNEBRE. Havana: Curia Episcopal y Real Colegio Seminario de San Carlos, 1792. [2],22pp. Quarto. Contemporary marbled wrappers. Minor soiling and

wear. Very good plus. An edict by the Bishop of Havana, Florida and Louisiana restricting the use of bells at funerals and encouraging a more reverent atmosphere. Other particulars of enforcing proper behavior are also noted. This first edition appears in Medina, citing only the copy described in Bachiller in 1859. Palau cites only the Madrid second edition. Early imprints from Havana, or anywhere in the Caribbean, are all quite rare. MEDINA (HABANA) 110. PALAU 340351 (2nd ed). $4000. 63. Vivó, Buenaventura: FÓRMULAS PARA OBTENER LA LONGITUD, Y TABLAS LUNARES PARA CORREGIR LOS EFECTOS DE PARALAGE Y REFRACCION EN LAS DISTANCIAS DE SOL, Ó ESTRELLA, A LUNA. Havana: Imprenta de R. Oliva, 1839. 49,[1]pp. including printed tables and a single woodcut diagram on final printed page. Later 19th-century wrappers, with original rear blue wrapper bound in. Wrappers moderately browned and soiled, front wrapper with author, title, and place and year of publication inscribed in a later 19th-century hand. Original rear blue wrapper detached from text block and attached to rear pastedown. Titlepage soiled, ownership inscription in pencil. Ink inscription (ownership initials?) on p.[5]. A good copy. An extremely rare mid-19th-century Cuban maritime manual consisting of various formulas for calculating longitude, with accompanying lunar tables employed in the process of determining location at sea. In the prologue the author writes that his intention is to ease the work of navigators by presenting in one "little work" the various methods needed for calculating the true distance between the sun and the moon from which true longitude could be obtained. Vivó, identified simply as "el piloto particular" on the titlepage, later served as Mexican Consul in Havana and in Spain. His TRATADO CONSULAR was published in Mexico in 1850, and his MEMORIAS, recounting his service in Spain between 1853 and 1855, was published in Madrid in 1856. An extremely rare maritime manual printed in Havana. Cited only in Palau; not on OCLC. PALAU 372218.

$2250.

64. Wright, Benjamin H.: [TWO MANUSCRIPT LETTERS, FROM BENJAMIN WRIGHT TO AN UNKNOWN RECIPIENT, DISCUSSING THE RESULTS OF SURVEYS IN PREPARATION FOR THE FIRST RAILROAD IN CUBA]. New York. 1834-1835. [6]pp. plus blank integral leaf; [4]pp. Bifolium. Minor toning and offsetting, old fold lines. Minor worming and government stamp on final page of second document. Very good. Two letters, likely in a secretarial hand, translated from the English originals, detailing Engineer Benjamin H. Wright's findings during his land survey in Cuba in 1834. Civil engineer Benjamin Wright, who gained notoriety from his construction of the Erie Canal, was the first engineer contracted to begin work on Cuba's premiere railroad. He was unable to travel to Cuba personally, putting the practical work into the hands of German-American engineer Alfred Cruger, with his son Benjamin H. Wright assisting. The younger Wright travelled to Cuba in 1834, where he performed surveys of the proposed land. However, Cruger and Wright soon clashed, resulting in Wright's resignation from the project. The first document describes his survey of the roads in Havana, with suggestions for effective and cost efficient repairs, and consideration for issues like water drain off in preparation for laying down the railroad tracks. He also discusses the pros and cons of the innovative Macadam Method, a relatively new type of road construction invented by John Loudon McAdam in 1820. The second letter was written just after his resignation from the project and savors of bitterness in his opinions about the direction of the project. An interesting and personal account of the early stages of Cuba's first railroad. $650.