Gas Processing: A Global Perspective

Rebecca Liebert Senior Vice President & General Manager Gas Processing & Hydrogen UOP, A Honeywell Company

© 2014 UOP LLC. All rights reserved.

Increasing Natural Gas Value Chain Complexity Conventional Gas, Shale Gas, CBM, Offshore (FPSO)

Extraction Gas Processing Plant

Processing

Gas Processing & LNG (Liquefaction) Plant

Power Plant

Transportation (Pipeline + LNG)

Storage

Pipeline Gas Transportation

SNG Generation

LNG Loading

LNG Shipping Big Industrial Plant (e.g. Cement or Fertilizers Plants)

Underground Storage

OR

Bio Gas Producer

OR

LNG Terminal: downloading Storage, re-gasification

Power Plant

CNG /LNG Station

Distribution

City Gate Station

Commercial & Industrial User Residential User

Commercial Industrial User User

Capability to Manage all Major Gas Processing Needs 2

Distributed Global Gas Reserves Remaining recoverable natural gas resources tm cubic meters (tcm), 2011

CIS

Unconventional

Conventional

328

462

World total = 790 NORTH AMERICA (ex. Mexico) W. EUROPE

MIDDLE EAST CHINA

Acid Gas AFRICA

INDIA

= High LATIN AMERICA

= Med = Low

OAP

NGL Content = High = Med = Low No circle within a region indicates minimal known Acid Gas or NGL Content

Sources: IEA, BP, PFC Energy, EIA

Gas Composition Varies, Continue to Develop Techno Economic Solutions 3

Gas Treating Requirements Pipeline Gas

Gas Composition

Pipeline Spec: • CO2 < 2- 8% ppm • H2S < 4 ppm • Hg < 0.01 µg/Nm3 • H2O < 100 ppm

CH4, C2+, H2O, H2S, CO2, N2, Hg Acid gas H2O CO2 H2S

N2

Hg

C2+

LNG LNG Spec: • CO2 < 50 ppm • H2S < 2 - 4 ppm • Hg < 0.01 µg/Nm3 • H2O < 0.1 ppmv

Treating Technologies are Selected Based on Feed Composition and Product Specs 4

Lessons from U.S Shale Gas Variability Barnett Shale Gas Composition

Marcellus Shale Gas Composition

New Albany Shale Gas Composition

Antrim Shale Gas Composition

Well

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

1

2

3

4

C1

80.3

81.2

91.8

93.7

79.4

82.1

83.8

95.5

87.7

88.0

91.0

92.8

27.5

57.3

77.5

85.6

C2

8.1

11.8

4.4

2.6

16.1

14.0

12.0

3.0

1.7

0.8

1.0

1.0

3.5

4.9

4.0

4.3

C3

2.3

5.2

0.4

0.0

4.0

3.5

3.0

1.0

2.5

0.8

0.6

0.6

1.0

1.9

0.9

0.4

• 95.5 – 27.5

• 16.1 – 0.8

• 5.2 – 0.0

• 0.0 – 10.4

CO2

1.4

0.3

2.3

2.7

0.1

0.1

0.9

0.3

8.1

10.4

7.4

5.6

3.0

0.0

3.3

9.0 • 0.2 – 65.0

N2

7.9

• • • •

1.5

1.1

C2: 11.8 – 2.6 C3: 5.2 – 0.0 CO2: 0.3 – 2.7 N2: 1.0 – 7.9

1.0

0.4

0.3

0.3

• C2: 16.1 – 3.0 • CO2: 0.1 – 0.9

0.2

65.0

• C3: 2.5 – 0.8

35.9

14.3

0.7

• C1: 85.6 – 27.5 • N2: 0.7 – 65.0

Component Variations Impact Interchangeability with Other Gas Supplies 5

Typical FLNG Feed Properties Typical Feed Properties in key areas LNG Specifications

South America

South East Asia

Australia

H2S, ppmv