Protein Fat Carbohydrate Su gar alcohols Ethyl alcohol Glycerol Medium chain triglyceride (MCT)
4 9 3.75 2.4 7 4.31 8.4
17 37 16 10 29 18 35
Table A5.2 Mineral content of compounds and solutions Solution/compound
Mineral content
1 g of sodium chloride 1 g of sodium bicarbonate 1 g of potassium bicarbonate 1 g of calcium chloride (hydrated) 1 g of calcium carbonate 1 g of calcium gluconate 1 L of normal saline
Table A5.3 Food portions containing approximately 10 g of carbohydrate (CHO) Food
Weight (g)
Description
Wholemeal bread White bread Potatoes – boiled Potatoes – mashed Potatoes – roast Sweet potatoes – boiled Rice – boiled, brown, white Pasta – boiled, e.g. spaghetti, macaroni Pulses, e.g. lentils Peas – frozen Parsnip – boiled Sweetcorn – boiled Thick soup, e.g. tinned vegetable Thin soup, e.g. minestrone Sausages Beefburger, economy Beefburger, 100% meat = no CHO Fish fingers Breakfast cereals, e.g. branflakes Breakfast cereals, e.g. wheat bisk type Muesli, no added sugar Porridge – made with water Biscuits – plain digestive Apple, pear Orange Banana Melon – galia, honeydew Pineapple, fresh Grapes Orange juice – no added sugar Apple juice – no added sugar Cranberry juice Milk – full fat, semi or skimmed Yogurt – low fat, fruit Yogurt – low fat, plain Ice cream – plain dairy, vanilla Lemonade Lucozade® Cola Beer – best bitter Lager – premium Wine – medium white Wine – red contains 0.2 g CHO/100 mL Crisps Peanuts – dry roasted
1 thin slice/large loaf 1 thin slice/small loaf 1 size of hen’s egg 1 scoop 1 very small 1 size of hen’s egg ¾ tablespoon 1 tablespoon 2 tablespoons 3 tablespoons 1 medium 2 tablespoons 1 small tin 1 standard mug 2 large sausages 1 economy burger – 2 fish fingers 2 tablespoons 1 bisk ¾ tablespoon Small average portion 1 digestive 1 medium 1 small ½ small banana 1 medium slice 1 large slice 15 large grapes ½ average glass ½ average glass 1 /3 average glass 1 average glass ½ small pot 1 small pot 1 small scoop 1 small glass 1 /3 average glass ½ average glass ¾ pint glass ¾ pint glass 2½ small wine glasses – ¾ small packet 1 large packet
Table A5.4 Food portions containing approximately 6 g or 2 g of protein Food
Portion size
Protein per portion (g)
Approximate energy per portion (kcal)
Milk
180 mL
6
Cheddar cheese Yoghurt Egg Meat/poultry lean cooked White fish Baked beans Peas Bread (1 large thin slice) Pasta (boiled) Rice (boiled) Most breakfast cereals Digestive biscuits Potatoes Crisps
25 g 125 g 50 g (one average hen’s egg) 25 g 35 g 120 g 100 g 25 g 50 g 100 g 25 g 15 g (one biscuit) 140 g 30 g
Table A5.5 Food portions containing approximately 4 mmol of potassium Food
Portion size providing approximately 4 mmol potassium
Milk Yoghurt Cheddar cheese Egg Meat/fish White flour Wholemeal flour White bread Wholemeal bread Apple Orange with skin Grapes / Orange without skin Potato boiled Orange juice Tomato juice
100 mL 60 g 130 g 100 g (2 small eggs) 50 g 120 g 45 g 160 g 70 g 125 g 100 g 50 g 50 g 100 mL 60 mL
Table A5.6 No added salt and 40 mmol of sodium diets No added salt