Baltic Sea Region advancing towards Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning Gdynia, 23/10/2014
FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN SUMP – lecture for the case of Gdynia Daniel Kaszubowski, Ph.D. – Gdansk University of Technology Ernest Czermański, Ph.D. – University of Gdansk
CASE of GDYNIA Background for the freight compliance into the SUMP
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Main frieght flows within the city and related factors
Types of urban freight traffic:
• • • • •
Long disstance freight, Short disstance freight, Transit cargo, City deliveries, Retail logistics.
Factors in urban freight transport:
• • • • •
Volume and its seasonality,
Density of freight traffic, Structure of directions of the traffic, Modal split and shifting possibility, Location on main corridors, equiped with transport nodes infrastructure 3 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
GDYNIA in international transport corridor network
Source: ec.europe.eu 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
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BSR MARITIME CONNECTIONS Source: baltictransportmaps.pl5 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
GDYNIA in the Adriatic – Baltic Corridor…
Source: adriatic-baltic.eu
…and the Gdynia-Karlskrona Motorway of the Sea 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
Source: baltic-link.se
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GDYNIA – hinterland transport infrastructure
Source: Bothnian Green Logistics Corridor, Gdynia 2014
• • • • • •
A1 (to CZ) S 6 (to DE) DK/S 7 (to Warsaw) DK 20 DW 216, DW 100, DW 101 Estakada Kwiatkowskiego 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
Source: googlemaps.com
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Long distance freight factors influencing urban mobility:
• • • •
active harbour, esp. general and unitized cargo terminals (ro-ro, containers), logistic activities area, inland intermodal terminal and/or dry port, international routes junction with transhipmet function.
Gdynia meets most of these elements!
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Daily traffic
Road
2005
2010
2020
DK 6 Rumia – Gdynia
32 915
44 391
63 816
DK 20 Gdynia – Chwaszczyno
13 884
19 712
28 865
Gdynia - Osowa
35 185
38 604
54 885
6 700
6 800 – 17 500
9 350 – 20 400
Ul. Wiśniewskiego
23 300
46 100 – 56 500
66 000 – 77 000
Kontenerowa Morska
46 910
n.a.
n.a.
Ul. Polska
Source: Bothnian Green Logistics Corridor, Gdynia 2014 9 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
Summarized port turover 1990 – 2013 in Gdynia
* - in thousand of tons * - in thousand of TEU
Source: K. Gromadowski, Gdynia 2014 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
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Road container transport in Gdynia
Thousands trucks yearly including empty runs
Seasonality monthly changes
11 Source: I.Milewska, Gdynia 2014 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
Modal split for container traffic in the port of Gdynia – case of Baltic Container Terminal
2009
•
13% rail (29.000 teu)
•
87% road (194.000 teu)
2013
•
41% rail (162.000 teu)
•
59% road (233.000 teu) Source: baltictransportmaps.pl
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23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
Estakada Kwiatkowskiego – projection of the traffic development
container turover thou. TEU/year
daily road container traffic total
in 1 direction
hourly trucks in 1 direction
hourly estimation for whole traffic* cars & trucks in 1 direction
volume / capacity
400
1.900
950
100
400
0,11
1.000
4.800
2.400
240
960
0,27
3.000
14.000
7.000
700
2.00
0,80
8.260
4.130
413
1.652
0,47
by rail 41%
Source: Bothnian Green Logistics Corridor, Gdynia 2014
* - by the assumption of 3.500 vehicles hourly capacity in 1 direction 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
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Crucial roads for freight transport
• •
Estakada Kwiatkowskiego ul. Kontenerowa
• • • •
ul. Wiśniewskiego ul. Hutnicza ul. Logistyczna (proj.) OPAT (proj.)
Source: Zarząd Dróg i Zieleni, Gdynia 2014
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Summarized road hinterland service for unitized cargo in the port of Gdynia for 2018 (trucks)
Source: I.Milewska, Gdynia 2014
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Urban freight planning
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Issues in urban freight planning
According to EU Urban Mobility Package particular attention should be paid to following areas:
• • • •
management of urban freight demand, modal shift, efficiency improvement, improved vehicles and fuels.
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Selected problems in urban deliveries
Potential threat for pedestrians and other groups of public space users 18
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Violations of regulations
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Intrusion into space reserved for other users
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Objectives and clusters of measures
Objectives
Measures
Reduction
Optimization
Mobility
Sustainability
Liveability
Transfer
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Urban freight policy objectives
Mobility
Sustainability
Liveability
• access to every form of economic activity • different urban freight transport users requirements • ability to make a modal choice if feasible • support for innovations
• UFT should support economic and spatial developmet • reduction of an extensive utilization of infrastructure • inclusion of all transport externalities into regulatory policy
• reduction of CO2, noise and other emissions • improvement of traffic safety • rationalisation of city space design for convenient access to services, leisure, education for all users 22
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Potential policy packages
Optimization
• •
of freight vehicles flows and demand for infrastructure, objective: to alleviate the negative impacts of freight traffic and to induce changes in the characteristics of logistic operations
Reduction
•
of excessive demand for freight movements
Transfer
•
of urban freight flows to more sustainable modes (rail or waterborne) or introducing new vehicle types for road transport (electric, LPG).
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Examples of measures
Optimization
• • •
provision of dedicated delivery spaces, road categorisation access regulations, night deliveries, delivery zones monitoring fleet management systems and vehicle routing
Reduction
• • •
delivery schemes zoning of freight related activities
delivery and service plans
Transfer
• •
low emission zones electric/hybrid vehicles 24 23.10.14 • Gdynia • D. Kaszubowski E. Czermański
Requirements for implementation
Optimization
Reduction
• number of avilabe examples • relatively easy to implement and integrate with existing measures • concers freight traffic rather than supply chain • good basis for more complex measures
• high potential for supply chains • proper business case required • close stakeholder cooperation required • often rely on previously implemented measures • potential for future innovative solutions
Transfer • limited number of examples • requires strong regulatory support • implemented as a part of complex planning concept • private sector is essential • proven technology and sound business case 25
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Recommendations
Urban freight should be incorporated into the SUMP
• • • • • • • •
increase of planners and decision makers awareness needs identification creation of relaible planning environment utilization of modern planning tools identification of local freight profile local stakerholders involvement
measures identification definition of performance measures and evaluation criteria
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Thank you! Daniel Kaszubowski Gdansk University of Technology 80-233 Gdańsk, Narutowicza 11/12
[email protected]
Ernest Czermański University of Gdansk, Faculty of Economics 81-824 Sopot, Armii Krajowej 119/121
[email protected]
http://www.civitas.eu